ES2328894A1 - Constructive system for housing and similar (Machine-translation by Google Translate, not legally binding) - Google Patents

Constructive system for housing and similar (Machine-translation by Google Translate, not legally binding) Download PDF

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Publication number
ES2328894A1
ES2328894A1 ES200901288A ES200901288A ES2328894A1 ES 2328894 A1 ES2328894 A1 ES 2328894A1 ES 200901288 A ES200901288 A ES 200901288A ES 200901288 A ES200901288 A ES 200901288A ES 2328894 A1 ES2328894 A1 ES 2328894A1
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modules
similar
homes
construction system
network
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ES200901288A
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ES2328894B1 (en
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Fernando Medran Lopez
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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/348—Structures composed of units comprising at least considerable parts of two sides of a room, e.g. box-like or cell-like units closed or in skeleton form
    • E04B1/34815—Elements not integrated in a skeleton
    • E04B1/34823—Elements not integrated in a skeleton the supporting structure consisting of concrete

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Buildings Adapted To Withstand Abnormal External Influences (AREA)
  • Building Environments (AREA)

Abstract

Construction system for homes and similar. The constructive system for the construction of houses and the like, includes modules (1) of reinforced concrete that are hollow prismatic bodies, which in addition to internal partitioning partitions (2), are affected by openings (3 and 4) corresponding to doors and windows, including also the sanitation network (14), electrical distribution (18) and plumbing network (20), each module forming a body that is placed on the ground, supporting it and without needing fixing it, fixing each side collaterally the modules by the same elements as those used for hoisting in the handling by crane of the different modules (1). (Machine-translation by Google Translate, not legally binding)

Description

Sistema constructivo para viviendas y similares.Construction system for homes and Similar.

Objeto de la invenciónObject of the invention

La presente invención se refiere a un sistema constructivo para viviendas y similares, basado en cuerpos prismáticos de hormigón armado que van a constituir partes o habitáculos de la vivienda, de manera que unidos unos con otros se formará una vivienda completa o incluso varias adosadas unas a otras.The present invention relates to a system construction for housing and similar, based on bodies reinforced concrete binoculars that will constitute parts or housing, so that together with each other it will form a complete house or even several townhouses one to others.

El objeto de la invención es simplificar al máximo los sistemas de construcción de viviendas y similares, y conseguir además mejores prestaciones, tanto desde el punto de vista constructivo como desde el punto de vista de eficacia y funcionalidad de la edificación conseguida.The object of the invention is to simplify the maximum housing construction systems and the like, and also get better performance, both from the point of constructive view as from the point of view of efficiency and Building functionality achieved.

Antecedentes de la invenciónBackground of the invention

Se conocen numerosos tipos de viviendas de construcción unifamiliar, chalets, adosados, con varias plantas, etc., de manera que esas edificaciones o construcciones pueden realizarse de muy distintas maneras, bien de forma convencional, es decir disponiendo una solera y sobre ella levantar muros, o bien realizar la construcción a base de módulos que pueden formar tabiques e incluso muros.Numerous types of homes are known from single-family construction, chalets, townhouses, with several floors, etc., so that those buildings or constructions can be done in very different ways, either conventionally, is say arranging a hearth and on it to build walls, or perform the construction based on modules that can form partitions and even walls.

En cualquier caso, se dan numerosos problemas e inconvenientes en los tipos de construcción conocidos, tales como polvo, ruido, malas condiciones laborales que hacen que el riesgo de accidente laboral sea elevado, etc., independientemente de que después de finalizada la obra a veces aparecen fisuras o desperfectos difíciles de reclamar por parte del propietario de la vivienda y mucho mas difícil todavía poder subsanar esos desperfectos.In any case, there are numerous problems and drawbacks in known types of construction, such as dust, noise, bad working conditions that make the risk of an accident at work, etc., regardless of whether after the work is finished, sometimes cracks or damage difficult to claim from the owner of the housing and much more difficult to still correct those damage.

Por último decir que cuando una construcción de vivienda o similar finaliza su vida útil, su demolición ofrece grandes dificultades, costos elevados, riesgos para los operarios, gran cantidad de escombros, etc.Finally say that when a construction of housing or similar ends its useful life, its demolition offers great difficulties, high costs, risks for operators, large amount of debris, etc.

Aunque con las viviendas prefabricadas se obtienen algunas mejoras, ello va en función del porcentaje de la utilización industrial en la obra.Although with prefabricated homes they get some improvements, this depends on the percentage of the Industrial use in the work.

Descripción de la invenciónDescription of the invention

El sistema constructivo que se preconiza ha sido concebido para resolver la problemática anteriormente expuesta, en base a una solución sencilla pero de gran eficacia, ya que dicho sistema consiste en ejecutar unos cuerpos prismáticos huecos de hormigón armado y provistos de aberturas correspondientes a ventanas y puertas, incluyendo además las diferentes canalizaciones necesarias para agua, gas, electricidad, aguas residuales, etc., no necesitándose mas que una solera sobre el suelo, también de hormigón armado y perfectamente lisa para montar el edificio de forma rápida, sin mas que ir colocando cuerpos prismáticos unos al lado de otros, o bien unos encima de otros, fijándose entre si mediante los mismos pernos que los utilizados en el agarre para la manipulación de cada módulo por la
grúa.The construction system that has been recommended has been designed to solve the above-mentioned problem, based on a simple solution but of great efficiency, since said system consists of executing hollow prismatic reinforced concrete bodies and provided with openings corresponding to windows and doors , also including the different pipes necessary for water, gas, electricity, sewage, etc., not needing more than a solera on the ground, also of reinforced concrete and perfectly smooth to mount the building quickly, without more than placing prismatic bodies next to each other, or one above the other, fixing each other by means of the same bolts as those used in the grip for handling each module by the
crane.

Mediante este sistema constructivo se elimina la aparición de grietas, en virtud de que los módulos no van anclados al suelo mediante cimentación, sino simplemente apoyados sobre la solera, haciendo que no se abran grietas en el tiempo, al igual que constituyen un sistema anti-seísmo, no habiendo un movimiento de tierras ni dilataciones como ocurre convencionalmente. Además, debido a la modularidad de los cuerpos que constituyen la edificación, se eliminan ruidos, polvo, mano de obra, etc.This constructive system eliminates the appearance of cracks, because the modules are not anchored to the ground by foundation, but simply supported on the hearth, causing cracks not to open in time, just like they constitute an anti-seismic system, not having a earthworks or dilatation as it happens conventionally. In addition, due to the modularity of the bodies that constitute the building, noise, dust, hand of work, etc.

Evidentemente los módulos o cuerpos prismáticos pueden salir de fábrica totalmente terminados, es decir con el recubrimiento del suelo a base de losetas cerámicas o de otro material, y paredes recubiertas de yeso, aunque básicamente los módulos estarán estructurados sobre la base de hormigón armado, teniendo en cuenta que se revestirán convenientemente tanto por el interior como por el exterior.Obviously the modules or prismatic bodies they can leave the factory completely finished, that is, with the floor covering based on ceramic tiles or other material, and walls covered with plaster, although basically the modules will be structured on the basis of reinforced concrete, considering that they will be conveniently coated both by the inside as outside.

En base a las características referidas, las ventajas derivadas son numerosas, pudiéndose citar como mas importantes las siguientes:Based on the referred characteristics, the Derived advantages are numerous, and can be cited as more important the following:

--
Resulta un proceso constructivo 95% industrial.It is a 95% constructive process industrial.

--
La edificación es anti-sísmica, debido a que se realiza mediante módulos cerrados que comprenden suelo, paredes y techo en una sola unidad fabricada, que actúa como una viga, lo que unido a los módulos contiguos fijados entre si como anteriormente se ha dicho, y no anclados al suelo, hace que los movimientos fuertes de tierra no los rompan.The building is anti-seismic, because it is done through closed modules that include floor, walls and ceiling in a single manufactured unit, which acts as a beam, which together with the adjacent modules fixed to each other as previously said, and not anchored to the ground, it makes strong movements of Earth do not break them.

--
Carencia de posibles fisuras, ya que no hay estructura ni tabiques cimentados al suelo, pues todo el módulo actúa por igual, pues los armados de todas las paredes y tabiquerías forman un cajón de malla, acero y hormigón.Lack of possible cracks, since no there is no structure or partitions cemented to the ground, because the entire module act equally, because the armed of all the walls and Partitions form a mesh, steel and concrete drawer.

--
Se evitan las emisiones de contaminación, polvo y ruido, pues únicamente se lleva a cabo la colocación de los distintos módulos para formar la edificación correspondiente, permitiendo además su desmontaje y traslado a otros lugares, bien para su reutilización o bien para su demolición definitiva.Be avoid emissions of pollution, dust and noise, because only the placement of the different modules is carried out to form the corresponding building, also allowing its disassembly and transfer to other places, either for reuse or Good for definitive demolition.

--
Perfectamente adaptados a las normativas de todos los países y de todos los organismos públicos o privados.Perfectly adapted to regulations from all countries and from all public bodies or private.

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Los trabajadores no estarán expuestos al frío, la lluvia o el calor, es decir que existirá un menor riesgo laboral y mas profesionalización, habiéndose eliminado los vicios constructivos.The workers will not be exposed to cold, rain or heat, it is say that there will be a lower labor risk and more professionalization, having eliminated the vices constructive

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Los centros de trabajo realizados en base al sistema constructivo de la invención ofrecen mejores servicios tanto de aseos como comedores y otros, permitiendo que los empleados puedan establecerse mas cerca del lugar de trabajo.The work centers based on the construction system of the invention offer better services of both toilets and dining rooms and others, allowing employees to settle closer from the workplace.

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Posibilidad de cambiar la vivienda de lugar a bajo costo.Possibility of changing the home of Low cost place.

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Reutilización en base a su fácil montaje y desmontaje.Reuse based on easy assembly and disassembly.

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Al final de obra los escombros son nulos.To the end of work the debris are null.
Descripción de los dibujosDescription of the drawings

Para complementar la descripción que seguidamente se va a realizar y con objeto de ayudar a una mejor comprensión de las características del invento, de acuerdo con un ejemplo preferente de realización práctica del mismo, se acompaña como parte integrante de dicha descripción, un juego de dibujos en donde con carácter ilustrativo y no limitativo, se ha representado lo siguiente:To complement the description that then it will be done and in order to help a better understanding of the features of the invention, according to a preferred example of practical realization thereof, is accompanied as an integral part of that description, a set of drawings in where illustrative and not limiting, it has been represented the next:

La figura 1.- Muestra una representación según una perspectiva general de lo que puede ser considerado como una vivienda formada mediante la disposición colateral de dos módulos, en las que se ha representado en explosión el cerramiento superior de cada módulo, monopieza con el mismo, y una pieza con vertientes para formar la cubierta del edificio.Figure 1.- Shows a representation according to an overview of what can be considered as a housing formed by the collateral arrangement of two modules, in which the upper enclosure has been represented in explosion of each module, single piece with it, and a piece with slopes to form the roof of the building.

La figura 2.- Muestra una vista en perspectiva de la forma de manipulación de los módulos para la realización de una vivienda.Figure 2.- Shows a perspective view of the form of manipulation of the modules for the realization of a dwelling

La figura 3.- Muestra una vista en sección estructural de un módulo a base de hormigón armado.Figure 3.- Shows a sectional view structural of a module based on reinforced concrete.

La figura 4.-Muestra una vista en sección esquemática de dos módulos adosados colateralmente entre si, dejando ver un registro de conexión de saneamiento de los módulos, la propia red de saneamiento, y la arqueta conectada a la red general de saneamiento.Figure 4.- Shows a sectional view. schematic of two modules collaterally attached to each other, showing a record of connection of sanitation of the modules, the sanitation network itself, and the box connected to the network General sanitation.

La figura 5. Muestra una vista como la de la figura anterior, mostrando en este caso la red de fontanería y la distribución eléctrica de la edificación.Figure 5. Shows a view like that of the previous figure, showing in this case the plumbing network and the electrical distribution of the building.

Realización preferente de la invenciónPreferred Embodiment of the Invention

Como se puede ver en las figuras referidas, y haciendo alusión concretamente a la figura 1, el sistema constructivo de la invención se basa en la utilización de unos módulos (1) de hormigón armado que son prismáticos rectangulares o cuadrados, huecos e incluyen interiormente tabiques de compartimentación (2), así como aberturas (3 y 4) correspondientes a ventanas y puertas, respectivamente, como se deja ver claramente en la figura 1.As can be seen in the referred figures, and referring specifically to figure 1, the system constructive of the invention is based on the use of some reinforced concrete modules (1) that are rectangular binoculars or square, hollow and internally include partitions of compartmentalization (2), as well as openings (3 and 4) corresponding to windows and doors, respectively, as clearly shown in Figure 1

Cada módulo incluye de una placa superior de cierre (5) que también será de hormigón armado, para incluir una cubierta (6) con vertientes para el tejado y que si bien en el dibujo de la figura aparece separada de cada módulo, para permitir visualizar su interior, dichas placas de hormigón están integradas en cada módulo, obteniéndose el conjunto de una pieza.Each module includes a top plate of closure (5) that will also be reinforced concrete, to include a cover (6) with slopes for the roof and that although in the Figure drawing appears separate from each module, to allow visualize its interior, these concrete plates are integrated in each module, obtaining the set of a piece.

Cada módulo (1) de hormigón incluye un mallazo o armadura (7) en correspondencia con sus paredes, tal y como se deja ver en la figura 3, de manera que cada módulo se consigue a partir de una losa de hormigón armado (8), previéndose en los muros exteriores además del mallazo de armadura (7), una capa aislante (9) e interiormente otro mallazo (7). En la figura 3 se deja ver el lado correspondiente al muro exterior (10), con un doble mallazo (7) externo, la capa aislante (9) y el mallazo interno también referenciado con (7), mientras que opuestamente está determinada la pared correspondiente a la cara (11) de unión a otro módulo contiguo.Each concrete module (1) includes a mesh or armor (7) in correspondence with its walls, as it is left see in figure 3, so that each module is achieved from of a reinforced concrete slab (8), provided on the walls exteriors in addition to the reinforcement mesh (7), an insulating layer (9) and internally another mesh (7). Figure 3 shows the side corresponding to the outer wall (10), with a double mesh (7) external, insulating layer (9) and internal mesh also referenced with (7), while the opposite is determined wall corresponding to the face (11) of connection to another module adjacent.

En la figura 2 se dejan ver unos medios de izado (12) para la elevación de cada módulo (1) y su disposición, mediante grúa, sobre la solera correspondiente, disponiéndose unos módulos al lado de otros para formar, por ejemplo, una vivienda o cualquier otro tipo de edificación.Figure 2 shows lifting means (12) for the elevation of each module (1) and its arrangement, by crane, on the corresponding floor, with some modules next to others to form, for example, a dwelling or any other type of building.

En cualquier caso, los medios (13) establecidos en los módulos (1) para el izado de los mismos, se podrán utilizar posteriormente para la fijación entre si de módulos contiguos.In any case, the means (13) established in the modules (1) for lifting them, they can be used later to fix adjacent modules together.

En la figura 4 se dejan ver dos módulos con las características anteriormente referidas, que incluyen la red de saneamiento (14) desembocando en una arqueta (15) conectada a la correspondiente red general de saneamiento (16), viéndose igualmente en esa figura 4 el registro (17) de conexión del saneamiento de dos módulos (1).Figure 4 shows two modules with the features referred to above, which include the network of sanitation (14) leading to a cassette (15) connected to the corresponding general sanitation network (16), seeing also in that figure 4 the connection register (17) of the sanitation of two modules (1).

Por su parte, en la figura 5 se dejan ver los módulos (1) con la red de distribución eléctrica (18), así como cajas de registro (19) de enchufe, etc., viéndose asimismo en esa figura la red de fontanería (20) de la edificación.On the other hand, in figure 5 the modules (1) with the electrical distribution network (18), as well as registration boxes (19) of plug, etc., also looking at that figure the plumbing network (20) of the building.

Claims (4)

1. Sistema constructivo para viviendas y similares, esencialmente caracterizado porque comprende módulos huecos (1) de configuración prismática rectangular o cuadrangular, de hormigón armado y provistos de tabiques de compartimentación internos (2), así como aberturas (3 y 4) para ventanas y puertas, con la especial particularidad de que los módulos están además provistos de las correspondientes canalizaciones para distribución eléctrica (18) y red de fontanería (20), así como otras canalizaciones para gas e incluso con red de saneamiento (14) de salida hacia una arqueta (15) conectada a la correspondiente red general de saneamiento (16).1. Construction system for homes and similar, essentially characterized in that it comprises hollow modules (1) of rectangular or quadrangular prismatic configuration, of reinforced concrete and provided with internal partition walls (2), as well as openings (3 and 4) for windows and doors, with the special feature that the modules are also provided with the corresponding pipes for electrical distribution (18) and plumbing network (20), as well as other pipelines for gas and even with sewage network (14) to an exit box (15) connected to the corresponding general sanitation network (16). 2. Sistema constructivo para viviendas y similares, según reivindicación 1, caracterizado porque los módulos (1) van dispuestos sobre la correspondiente solera, apoyados sobre ésta y sin fijación alguna, uniéndose dos módulos contiguos entre si mediante los mismos elementos (13) utilizados en el izado, mediante grúa, de cada módulo (1).2. Construction system for homes and similar, according to claim 1, characterized in that the modules (1) are arranged on the corresponding floor, supported on it and without any fixation, joining two adjacent modules together by the same elements (13) used in the lifting, by crane, of each module (1). 3. Sistema constructivo para viviendas y similares, según reivindicaciones anteriores, caracterizado porque los módulos (1) incluyen de fabrica los correspondientes acabados de recubrimiento de paredes, con yeso, así como la inclusión del pavimento del suelo, a base de losetas cerámicas u otro material.3. Construction system for homes and similar, according to previous claims, characterized in that the modules (1) include the corresponding wall covering finishes, with plaster, as well as the inclusion of the floor pavement, based on ceramic tiles or other material. 4. Sistema constructivo para viviendas y similares, según reivindicaciones 1 y 2, caracterizado porque los módulos (1) son módulos estructurales sobre base de hormigón armado, que son finalmente recubiertos en obra tanto por el interior como por el exterior, así como con la incorporación de la pavimentación correspondiente.4. Construction system for homes and similar, according to claims 1 and 2, characterized in that the modules (1) are structural modules on the basis of reinforced concrete, which are finally covered in work both inside and outside, as well as with the incorporation of the corresponding paving.
ES200901288A 2009-05-26 2009-05-26 CONSTRUCTION SYSTEM FOR HOUSING AND SIMILAR. Expired - Fee Related ES2328894B1 (en)

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Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3550334A (en) * 1966-10-31 1970-12-29 Patent Concern Nv Plural story building comprising superimposed box-shaped dwelling units
FR2209025A1 (en) * 1972-12-05 1974-06-28 Petetin Paul
FR2430487A1 (en) * 1978-07-06 1980-02-01 Maioli Amos Storeyed building prefabricated self supporting parallelepiped cell - has aligning interlocking protruding and recessed connectors on column ends
ES2284306A1 (en) * 2005-03-03 2007-11-01 Compact-Habit, S.L. Modular building system and method for level assembling of prefabricated building modules
ES2319487A1 (en) * 2007-04-12 2009-05-07 Josep Farre Coletas Modular construction system (Machine-translation by Google Translate, not legally binding)

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3550334A (en) * 1966-10-31 1970-12-29 Patent Concern Nv Plural story building comprising superimposed box-shaped dwelling units
FR2209025A1 (en) * 1972-12-05 1974-06-28 Petetin Paul
FR2430487A1 (en) * 1978-07-06 1980-02-01 Maioli Amos Storeyed building prefabricated self supporting parallelepiped cell - has aligning interlocking protruding and recessed connectors on column ends
ES2284306A1 (en) * 2005-03-03 2007-11-01 Compact-Habit, S.L. Modular building system and method for level assembling of prefabricated building modules
ES2319487A1 (en) * 2007-04-12 2009-05-07 Josep Farre Coletas Modular construction system (Machine-translation by Google Translate, not legally binding)

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