ES2299362A1 - Paving and cladding tile - Google Patents
Paving and cladding tile Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- ES2299362A1 ES2299362A1 ES200601849A ES200601849A ES2299362A1 ES 2299362 A1 ES2299362 A1 ES 2299362A1 ES 200601849 A ES200601849 A ES 200601849A ES 200601849 A ES200601849 A ES 200601849A ES 2299362 A1 ES2299362 A1 ES 2299362A1
- Authority
- ES
- Spain
- Prior art keywords
- tile
- holes
- tiles
- ceramic
- grooves
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04F—FINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
- E04F13/00—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings
- E04F13/07—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings composed of covering or lining elements; Sub-structures therefor; Fastening means therefor
- E04F13/08—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings composed of covering or lining elements; Sub-structures therefor; Fastening means therefor composed of a plurality of similar covering or lining elements
- E04F13/14—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings composed of covering or lining elements; Sub-structures therefor; Fastening means therefor composed of a plurality of similar covering or lining elements stone or stone-like materials, e.g. ceramics concrete; of glass or with an outer layer of stone or stone-like materials or glass
- E04F13/147—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings composed of covering or lining elements; Sub-structures therefor; Fastening means therefor composed of a plurality of similar covering or lining elements stone or stone-like materials, e.g. ceramics concrete; of glass or with an outer layer of stone or stone-like materials or glass with an outer layer imitating natural stone, brick work or the like
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
- B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
- B28B19/00—Machines or methods for applying the material to surfaces to form a permanent layer thereon
- B28B19/0007—Machines or methods for applying the material to surfaces to form a permanent layer thereon for producing articles with exposed aggregate
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04F—FINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
- E04F13/00—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings
- E04F13/07—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings composed of covering or lining elements; Sub-structures therefor; Fastening means therefor
- E04F13/08—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings composed of covering or lining elements; Sub-structures therefor; Fastening means therefor composed of a plurality of similar covering or lining elements
- E04F13/0875—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings composed of covering or lining elements; Sub-structures therefor; Fastening means therefor composed of a plurality of similar covering or lining elements having a basic insulating layer and at least one covering layer
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04F—FINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
- E04F15/00—Flooring
- E04F15/02—Flooring or floor layers composed of a number of similar elements
- E04F15/0215—Flooring or floor layers composed of a number of similar elements specially adapted for being adhesively fixed to an underlayer; Fastening means therefor; Fixing by means of plastics materials hardening after application
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04F—FINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
- E04F15/00—Flooring
- E04F15/02—Flooring or floor layers composed of a number of similar elements
- E04F15/08—Flooring or floor layers composed of a number of similar elements only of stone or stone-like material, e.g. ceramics, concrete; of glass or with a top layer of stone or stone-like material, e.g. ceramics, concrete or glass
Abstract
Description
Baldosa para revestimiento y pavimentación.Floor and floor tile.
La presente invención, según se expresa en el enunciado de esta memoria descriptiva, se refiere a una baldosa para revestimiento y pavimentación que tiene como objetivo mostrar en la cara vista de la baldosa unos elementos decorativos ornamentales (piedras, mármoles, maderas, etc.), combinados dichos elementos con huecos pasantes por donde aflora la masa utilizada en la unión de las baldosas.The present invention, as expressed in the set forth in this specification, refers to a tile for cladding and paving that aims to show on the face seen from the tile decorative elements ornamental (stones, marbles, wood, etc.), combined said elements with through holes where the mass used in The union of the tiles.
Así pues, la finalidad de la invención es eliminar la simulación de los surcos de juntas de las baldosas, dificultando de esta forma la distinción de patrones de regularidad en las citadas baldosas.Thus, the purpose of the invention is eliminate simulation of tile grooves, making it difficult to distinguish patterns of regularity in the aforementioned tiles.
El sector cerámico ha utilizado las piedras, mármoles, maderas, papel pintado, tejidos etc.; como fuente de inspiración en la decoración de las baldosas cerámicas.The ceramic sector has used the stones, marbles, wood, wallpaper, fabrics etc .; as a source of Inspiration in the decoration of ceramic tiles.
Dicha decoración ha consistido fundamentalmente en la imitación de los relieves, texturas y colores de los elementos naturales anteriormente descritos. Esta decoración ha sufrido una evolución importante debida, principalmente, a la elevada exigencia estética del cliente final y a la aparición de países que suponen una fuerte competencia en el mercado cerámico tradicional. Para ello, los técnicos y diseñadores han elaborado piezas cerámicas con relieves cada vez más trabajados, mediante la combinación de varios elementos decorativos dentro de la misma baldosa. Por ejemplo una representación de seis piedras dentro de una misma baldosa.This decoration has consisted mainly in the imitation of the reliefs, textures and colors of the natural elements described above. This decoration has underwent an important evolution due, mainly, to the high aesthetic requirement of the end customer and the appearance of countries that have strong competition in the ceramic market traditional. For this, technicians and designers have developed ceramic pieces with increasingly worked reliefs, through the combination of several decorative elements within it tile. For example a representation of six stones within Same tile.
Sin embargo estas representaciones de varios elementos decorativos dentro de la misma baldosa ha obligado a crear una serie de falsos rejuntes en el interior de dicha pieza, con el objetivo de asemejar estas simulaciones de juntas al rejuntado que posteriormente se realizará durante la colocación de las baldosas cerámicas.However these representations of several decorative elements within the same tile has forced create a series of false joints inside the piece, in order to resemble these joint simulations to grouting that will later be done during the placement of ceramic tiles.
La recreación de los falsos rejuntes en el interior de la pieza se realiza mediante la elaboración de un surco entre los elementos decorativos que simulan en anchura, profundidad y coloración, el posterior rejunte que será aplicado por el colocador final de las baldosas cerámicas. La coloración se consigue mediante la aplicación de un aerógrafo y su posterior fregado.The recreation of false joints in the Inside the piece is made by making a groove between the decorative elements that simulate in width, depth and color, the subsequent grout that will be applied by the final laying of the ceramic tiles. The coloring is achieved by applying an airbrush and its subsequent scrubbing.
Otro método es simular una junta en el interior de la pieza correspondiente, de manera que se realiza mediante un corte hasta el soporte base de la pieza. Este corte, que elimina el producto vitrificado de la superficie de la baldosa, facilita el agarre de los productos de rejuntado.Another method is to simulate a joint inside of the corresponding piece, so that it is done by a cut to the base support of the piece. This cut, which eliminates the vitrified product of the tile surface, facilitates the grouting of grouting products.
Sin embargo estos rejuntados artificiales presentan una serie de problemas:However these artificial grouts they present a series of problems:
- nunca se consigue completamente una textura, coloración y aspecto iguales al rejuntado que posteriormente realizará el colocador.- a texture is never completely achieved, coloration and appearance equal to the grouting that later will perform the setter.
- En los casos donde se elimina el rejuntado realizado por el colocador mediante la elaboración de baldosas con formas geométricas especiales, tal y como se describe en la solicitud de modelo de utilidad nº 200501030, el falso rejuntado realizado en el interior de la baldosa cerámica presenta un aspecto artificial alejado del resultado estético obtenido por los cementos o productos de rejuntado aplicados por los colocadores de baldosas cerámicas.- In cases where grouting is removed made by the setter by making tiles with special geometric shapes, as described in the utility model application No. 200501030, the false grouting made inside the ceramic tile presents an aspect artificial away from the aesthetic result obtained by the cements or grouting products applied by tile fitters Ceramics
- En los casos donde se efectúa un corte en la
superficie para aplicar sobre el mismo material de agarre, aparece
una serie de defectos e inconvenientes, tales como un elevado
coste, grietas y desprendimientos del material de rejuntado al cabo
del
tiempo.- In cases where a cut is made on the surface to apply on the same gripping material, a series of defects and inconveniences appear, such as a high cost, cracks and detachments of the grouting material after the
weather.
La inclusión de huecos en la baldosa cerámica supone una disminución de la resistencia mecánica de la pieza cruda en el proceso de decoración de la misma. Esta decoración se ha venido realizando tradicionalmente mediante un contacto físico entre el sistema de decoración (pantalla plana, rotativa, flexografía o huecograbado) y la baldosa cerámica. Estos sistemas ejercen presión sobre la pieza, dando lugar a una transferencia de la serigrafía o color hacia la superficie de la misma. Esta presión aplicada produce un debilitamiento de la pieza, llegando incluso a producir su rotura. Por ello, una menor resistencia mecánica de la pieza reduce el número de aplicaciones sobre la misma e incrementa el número de bajas por rotura en la línea de esmaltación.The inclusion of holes in the ceramic tile supposes a decrease of the mechanical resistance of the piece Raw in the process of decorating it. This decoration has been traditionally been through physical contact Between the decoration system (flat screen, rotating, flexography or gravure) and ceramic tile. These systems exert pressure on the piece, leading to a transfer of the silkscreen or color towards the surface of it. This pressure applied produces a weakening of the piece, even reaching produce its breakage Therefore, a lower mechanical resistance of the piece reduces the number of applications on it and increases the number of casualties due to breakage in the enamelling line.
Por otro lado, este tipo de decoraciones permiten la deposición de la serigrafía, en aquellas partes del relieve de la pieza donde se realiza un contacto efectivo: sistemas de decoración-baldosa cerámica, dificultando la decoración de los bajos relieves de dicha pieza.On the other hand, this type of decorations allow the deposition of screen printing, in those parts of the relief of the piece where an effective contact is made: systems decoration-ceramic tile, hindering decoration of the low reliefs of said piece.
Por otra parte, la patente de invención con número de publicación ES 2 223 264 se refiere a un procedimiento de obtención de piezas cerámicas con perforaciones y dispositivo correspondiente. Este documento reivindica la inclusión de huecos en las baldosas con el único propósito de facilitar el agarre de las mismas, especialmente en fachadas donde existen problemas de desprendimientos de baldosas. Dichos orificios se realizan en las baldosas durante la fabricación de las mismas mediante un cuerpo tubular que se incrusta en el polvo húmedo de la baldosa durante el prensado del mismo, de manera que dicho elemento tubular extrae una parte de dicho polvo, con lo cual resultará un hueco en dicha baldosa.Moreover, the invention patent with Publication number ES 2 223 264 refers to a procedure of obtaining ceramic pieces with perforations and device correspondent. This document claims the inclusion of gaps on the tiles with the sole purpose of facilitating the grip of the same, especially in facades where there are problems of tile detachments. These holes are made in the tiles during the manufacture of them by means of a body tubular that is embedded in the wet dust of the tile during the pressing it, so that said tubular element extracts a part of said powder, which will result in a gap in said tile.
Con el fin de alcanzar los objetivos y evitar los inconvenientes mencionados en los apartados anteriores, la invención propone una baldosa para revestimiento y pavimentación que se caracteriza porque comprende en la cara vista una distribución de surcos que limitan porciones de áreas decorativas, a la vez que dichos surcos se ven interrumpidos por huecos pasantes por donde aflorará el material que se utiliza para unir las baldosas, de manera que este material de unión puede ocupar también las partes de los surcos donde no existen los huecos que interrumpen parcialmente tales surcos.In order to achieve the objectives and avoid the drawbacks mentioned in the previous sections, the invention proposes a tile for cladding and paving which is characterized because it comprises in the face seen a distribution of grooves that limit portions of decorative areas, to the time these grooves are interrupted by through holes where the material used to join the tiles, so that this joint material can also occupy the parts of the grooves where there are no gaps that partially interrupt such grooves.
De esta manera se consigue en la cara vista de las baldosas una atractiva estructura que limita total o parcialmente una distribución de elementos decorativos en relieve (porciones de áreas decorativas) de las baldosas.This way you get in the face of the tiles an attractive structure that limits total or partially a distribution of decorative elements in relief (lots of decorative areas) of the tiles.
Estos elementos ornamentales se distribuyen en la superficie o cara vista de la baldosa, de tal forma que se elabora una estructura donde se facilita el contacto parcial de los elementos decorativos que la conforman, bien mediante un contacto directo o bien mediante nervios, que unen los diferentes elementos decorativos. La finalidad es posibilitar la inclusión de huecos entre los diferentes elementos decorativos que conforman el relieve de la baldosa cerámica. Dichos huecos atraviesan completamente la pieza, y su función es facilitar el afloramiento, a través de los mismos, del producto de agarre (cementos, cementos cola, etc.).These ornamental elements are distributed in the surface or face view of the tile, so that it develops a structure where partial contact of the decorative elements that make it up, either by contact directly or through nerves, which unite the different elements Decorative The purpose is to enable the inclusion of gaps between the different decorative elements that make up the relief of the ceramic tile. These gaps completely cross the piece, and its function is to facilitate the outcrop, through the same, of the grip product (cements, glue cements, etc.).
Así pues, el objetivo de elaborar estructuras
tan complejas desde el punto de vista productivo, es la
eliminación de los rejuntados artificiales en el interior de las
baldosas cerámicas así como la incorporación de material de
rejuntado en el interior de la pieza cerámica, con la finalidad de
dificultar la distinción de los patrones de regularidad de
la
pieza.Thus, the objective of elaborating such complex structures from the productive point of view is the elimination of artificial grouts inside the ceramic tiles as well as the incorporation of grouting material inside the ceramic piece, with the purpose to hinder the distinction of regularity patterns of
piece.
Sin embargo, los avances conseguidos en los últimos años han facilitado la consecución de esta invención. Estos avances han sido:However, the progress made in the recent years have facilitated the achievement of this invention. These Advances have been:
- La incorporación de aditivos para pastas que aumentan la resistencia mecánica en crudo de las piezas conformadas, según se describe en las patentes de la empresa Neos Cerámica e Investigación, S.L., cuyos aditivos incrementan los valores de resistencia mecánica de las piezas conformadas y secas hasta un 100% respecto a los actuales valores logrados mediante el conformado de la baldosa cerámica con pastas cerámicas tradicionales.- The incorporation of pasta additives that increase the mechanical resistance in raw parts shaped, as described in the patents of the company Neos Cerámica e Investigación, S.L., whose additives increase mechanical resistance values of shaped and dry parts up to 100% compared to the current values achieved through the formed of ceramic tile with ceramic pastes Traditional
- La incorporación, en el sistema productivo de la baldosa cerámica, de sistemas decorativos mediante inyección de tinta permite decorar las piezas cerámicas sin realizar un contacto físico: sistema decorativo pieza-cerámica, además de posibilitar la decoración de los bajos relieves de dichas piezas cerámicas. Se obtienen así piezas totalmente decoradas.- The incorporation into the productive system of the ceramic tile, of decorative systems by injection of ink allows to decorate the ceramic pieces without making a contact Physical: ceramic-piece decorative system, in addition to enable the decoration of the low reliefs of these pieces Ceramics Thus, fully decorated pieces are obtained.
Estos dos avances citados posibilitan aumentar
la resistencia mecánica de las piezas y disminuir las fuerzas a
las que son sometidas dichas piezas durante los procesos de
decoración hasta la cocción de las mismas. Durante la cocción se
alcanzan las propiedades finales de las baldosas cerámicas que
se
requieren.These two advances cited make it possible to increase the mechanical resistance of the pieces and decrease the forces to which these pieces are subjected during the decoration processes until they are cooked. During cooking, the final properties of the ceramic tiles that are reached are reached.
require.
Por otro lado, estos dos avances aunque
facilitan la consecución de la invención, no son requisitos
obligatorios. La invención también es factible en las pastas
cerámicas y sistemas de decoración tradicionales. Sin embargo,
existe una mayor probabilidad de rotura en las piezas durante el
proceso de elaboración y decoración de dichas
piezas.On the other hand, these two advances, although they facilitate the achievement of the invention, are not mandatory requirements. The invention is also feasible in ceramic pastes and traditional decoration systems. However, there is a greater probability of breakage in the pieces during the process of making and decorating them
pieces.
A continuación para facilitar una mejor comprensión de esta memoria descriptiva y formando parte integrante de la misma se acompañan unas figuras en las que con carácter ilustrativo y no limitativo se ha representado el objeto de la invención.Next to facilitate a better understanding of this descriptive report and being an integral part of the same accompany some figures in which with character illustrative and not limiting the object of the invention.
Figura 1.- Muestra una vista en planta superior de la baldosa para revestimiento y pavimentación, objeto de la invención.Figure 1.- Shows a top plan view of the tile for coating and paving, object of the invention.
Figura 2.- Muestra una vista en sección según el corte A-B de la figura anterior.Figure 2.- Shows a sectional view according to the A-B section of the previous figure.
Figura 3.- Muestra otra vista en planta superior de la baldosa de la invención fijada a un paramento.Figure 3.- Shows another top floor view of the tile of the invention fixed to a wall.
Figura 4.- Muestra una vista en sección según el corte C-D de la figura anterior.Figure 4.- Shows a sectional view according to the C-D section of the previous figure.
Considerando la numeración adoptada en las figuras, la baldosa para revestimiento y pavimentación comprende en su cara vista un conjunto de porciones de áreas decorativas 1 limitadas por un entrecruzado de surcos 2 con cualquier distribución acorde evidentemente con la distribución de las porciones de áreas decorativas 1.Considering the numbering adopted in the figures, the tile for cladding and paving comprises in your face view a set of portions of decorative areas 1 limited by a crisscross of grooves 2 with any distribution obviously consistent with the distribution of lots of decorative areas 1.
A su vez, las trayectorias de estos surcos 2 se ven interrumpidas por huecos pasantes 3 con las distintas secciones de hueco deseadas, afectando dichos huecos 3 solamente a los surcos 2 que limitan las porciones decorativas 1.In turn, the trajectories of these grooves 2 are they are interrupted by through holes 3 with the different desired hollow sections, said gaps 3 affecting only the grooves 2 that limit the decorative portions 1.
Normalmente las baldosas son de materiales cerámicos y por lo tanto los surcos 2 y huecos pasantes 3 se obtienen durante la fabricación de las baldosas, con lo cual el molde incorporará elementos macho complementarios con los citados surcos 2 y huecos pasantes 3.Normally the tiles are made of materials ceramic and therefore the grooves 2 and through holes 3 are obtained during the manufacture of the tiles, whereby the mold will incorporate complementary male elements with those mentioned grooves 2 and through holes 3.
Con esta estructura de baldosa el material de unión utilizado 4 (cemento, cemento cola, etc.) para cubrir una superficie de pavimentación y/o revestimiento, aflorará dicho material de unión 4 por los huecos pasantes 3 distribuyéndose la parte de material 4 que aflora por los tramos de surcos 2 que no están interrumpidos por los huecos 3, con lo cual obtendremos una atractiva superficie de baldosas como si se tratara de un conjunto de elementos decorativos independientes, ya que las porciones de áreas decorativas 1 de las baldosas están rodeadas por el material de unión 4.With this tile structure the material of union used 4 (cement, glue cement, etc.) to cover a paving and / or cladding surface, said surface will emerge joining material 4 through the through holes 3 distributing the part of material 4 that emerges from the sections of grooves 2 that do not are interrupted by gaps 3, which will get a attractive tile surface as if it were a set of independent decorative elements, since the portions of 1 decorative areas of the tiles are surrounded by the material of union 4.
Además, los huecos pasantes 3 aseguran una fijación más fiable de las baldosas, sobre todo en paramentos verticales.In addition, through holes 3 ensure a more reliable fixing of tiles, especially in walls vertical
Por otro lado, la multitud de huecos pasantes 3 aseguran una fijación firme al cabo del tiempo de las porciones de material de unión que ocupan los tramos de surcos que no poseen los huecos pasantes.On the other hand, the multitude of through holes 3 ensure a firm fixation after the portions of joining material that occupy the sections of grooves that do not have the through holes.
La trayectoria de los surcos 2 puede comprender ensanchamientos que a su vez son susceptibles de incorporar huecos pasantes también.The path of the grooves 2 can comprise widenings that in turn are likely to incorporate gaps interns too.
Claims (2)
Priority Applications (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| ES200601849A ES2299362B1 (en) | 2006-07-11 | 2006-07-11 | TILE FOR COATING AND PAVING. |
| PCT/ES2007/000411 WO2008006917A1 (en) | 2006-07-11 | 2007-07-10 | Paving and cladding tile |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| ES200601849A ES2299362B1 (en) | 2006-07-11 | 2006-07-11 | TILE FOR COATING AND PAVING. |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| ES2299362A1 true ES2299362A1 (en) | 2008-05-16 |
| ES2299362B1 ES2299362B1 (en) | 2009-04-01 |
Family
ID=38922962
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| ES200601849A Expired - Fee Related ES2299362B1 (en) | 2006-07-11 | 2006-07-11 | TILE FOR COATING AND PAVING. |
Country Status (2)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| ES (1) | ES2299362B1 (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2008006917A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| BRPI0411526A (en) | 2003-06-18 | 2006-08-01 | Genelux Corp | vaccinia virus and other modified recombinant microorganisms and uses thereof |
Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP0157067A1 (en) * | 1984-04-05 | 1985-10-09 | Leonida Petrini | Tile having holes to be filled with a cement or an alike paste |
| GB2223520A (en) * | 1988-08-15 | 1990-04-11 | Pan Lei Pan | Insulated roofing panel |
| JPH07292946A (en) * | 1994-04-25 | 1995-11-07 | Nippon Kouatsu Electric Co | Ceramic floor board and method for bonding the same |
| WO2004033799A1 (en) * | 2002-10-10 | 2004-04-22 | Brian Augustine Boserio | Methods for making composite tiles |
-
2006
- 2006-07-11 ES ES200601849A patent/ES2299362B1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2007
- 2007-07-10 WO PCT/ES2007/000411 patent/WO2008006917A1/en active Application Filing
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP0157067A1 (en) * | 1984-04-05 | 1985-10-09 | Leonida Petrini | Tile having holes to be filled with a cement or an alike paste |
| GB2223520A (en) * | 1988-08-15 | 1990-04-11 | Pan Lei Pan | Insulated roofing panel |
| JPH07292946A (en) * | 1994-04-25 | 1995-11-07 | Nippon Kouatsu Electric Co | Ceramic floor board and method for bonding the same |
| WO2004033799A1 (en) * | 2002-10-10 | 2004-04-22 | Brian Augustine Boserio | Methods for making composite tiles |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| WO2008006917A1 (en) | 2008-01-17 |
| ES2299362B1 (en) | 2009-04-01 |
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