ES2277738A1 - Strong, light-weight, fire-resistant construction panels with sandwich structure, useful e.g. in facades, consist of external sheets of aluminum and central core of closed-cell aluminum foam - Google Patents
Strong, light-weight, fire-resistant construction panels with sandwich structure, useful e.g. in facades, consist of external sheets of aluminum and central core of closed-cell aluminum foam Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- ES2277738A1 ES2277738A1 ES200501181A ES200501181A ES2277738A1 ES 2277738 A1 ES2277738 A1 ES 2277738A1 ES 200501181 A ES200501181 A ES 200501181A ES 200501181 A ES200501181 A ES 200501181A ES 2277738 A1 ES2277738 A1 ES 2277738A1
- Authority
- ES
- Spain
- Prior art keywords
- foam
- aluminum
- core
- panel
- precursor
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 27
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 27
- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 19
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 12
- 230000009970 fire resistant effect Effects 0.000 title description 2
- 229910000048 titanium hydride Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- -1 titanium hydride Chemical compound 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L manganese(2+);methyl n-[[2-(methoxycarbonylcarbamothioylamino)phenyl]carbamothioyl]carbamate;n-[2-(sulfidocarbothioylamino)ethyl]carbamodithioate Chemical compound [Mn+2].[S-]C(=S)NCCNC([S-])=S.COC(=O)NC(=S)NC1=CC=CC=C1NC(=S)NC(=O)OC WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910000838 Al alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 6
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 abstract description 6
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000005187 foaming Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000004088 foaming agent Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000002341 toxic gas Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000002243 precursor Substances 0.000 abstract 6
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 abstract 2
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 abstract 2
- 229910000676 Si alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000005275 alloying Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000000137 annealing Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000012634 fragment Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000008240 homogeneous mixture Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 1
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical class [H]* 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000000462 isostatic pressing Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000008259 solid foam Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 125000006850 spacer group Chemical group 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000007669 thermal treatment Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 3
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000001413 cellular effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000295 complement effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000003801 milling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000011282 treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
- E04C2/00—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels
- E04C2/02—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials
- E04C2/08—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials of metal, e.g. sheet metal
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
- E04C2/00—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels
- E04C2/02—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials
- E04C2/26—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials composed of materials covered by two or more of groups E04C2/04, E04C2/08, E04C2/10 or of materials covered by one of these groups with a material not specified in one of the groups
- E04C2/284—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials composed of materials covered by two or more of groups E04C2/04, E04C2/08, E04C2/10 or of materials covered by one of these groups with a material not specified in one of the groups at least one of the materials being insulating
- E04C2/292—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials composed of materials covered by two or more of groups E04C2/04, E04C2/08, E04C2/10 or of materials covered by one of these groups with a material not specified in one of the groups at least one of the materials being insulating composed of insulating material and sheet metal
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Architecture (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Laminated Bodies (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Panel sándwich para la construcción.Sandwich panel for construction.
La presente invención se refiere a un panel tipo sándwich, es decir a un panel multicapa, obtenido exclusivamente a base de aluminio y utilizable tanto en cerramientos estructurales de exterior como en techos y paneles decorativos de interior y de exterior.The present invention relates to a type panel sandwich, that is to a multilayer panel, obtained exclusively from Aluminum base and usable both in structural enclosures of exterior as in ceilings and decorative panels of interior and of Exterior.
El objeto de la invención es conseguir un panel ligero, pero de gran rigidez y resistencia mecánica, con unas buenas propiedades de aislamiento térmico y acústico, que por su propia naturaleza resulta incombustible y de alta resistencia al fuego.The object of the invention is to achieve a panel light, but of great rigidity and mechanical resistance, with some good thermal and acoustic insulation properties, which due to its nature itself is incombustible and high resistance to fire.
Es conocida la utilización de paneles tipo sándwich en el ámbito de la construcción en los que participa el aluminio por ser éste un material con excelente comportamiento a la corrosión, y consecuentemente duradero, y que no se degrada con el tiempo.The use of type panels is known sandwich in the field of construction in which the aluminum because this is a material with excellent behavior corrosion, and consequently durable, and that does not degrade with the weather.
Dado que en estos paneles constructivos se requiere habitualmente también de altos coeficientes de aislamiento térmico y acústico, en la estructura tipo sándwich el aluminio configura las capas exteriores del panel, mientras que la capa interior y mayoritaria del mismo se obtiene a base de materiales plásticos, como por ejemplo polietileno, que se une a las chapas exteriores de aluminio mediante adhesivos.Since these building panels are it usually also requires high insulation coefficients thermal and acoustic, in the sandwich structure the aluminum configure the outer layers of the panel while the layer interior and majority of it is obtained based on materials plastics, such as polyethylene, which joins the plates Aluminum exteriors using adhesives.
El panel tipo sándwich que la invención propone es un elemento de gran ligereza, rigidez y resistencia mecánica, como ya se ha apuntado con anterioridad, que es incombustible y resistente al fuego, que no produce gases tóxicos en caso de incendio, que es estable hasta temperaturas iguales o superiores a los 550°C, que además es duradero y no se degrada con el tiempo, es reciclable al 100% y que también ofrece unas buenas prestaciones desde el punto de vista de aislamiento térmico y acústico.The sandwich panel that the invention proposes It is an element of great lightness, rigidity and mechanical strength, as noted above, which is fireproof and Fire resistant, which does not produce toxic gases in case of fire, which is stable up to temperatures equal to or greater than 550 ° C, which is also durable and does not degrade over time, is 100% recyclable and also offers good performance from the point of view of thermal and acoustic insulation.
Para ello y de forma mas concreta el panel
sánd-
wich que la invención propone está constituido
integralmente de aluminio, y mas concretamente está compuesto por
dos chapas exteriores de reducido espesor, de aluminio, y un núcleo
interior de espesor sustancialmente mayor, que está constituido a
su vez por un material celular a base de espuma de aluminio.For this and in a more concrete way, the panel
wich that the invention proposes is constituted integrally of aluminum, and more specifically it is composed of two outer plates of reduced thickness, of aluminum, and an inner core of substantially greater thickness, which is in turn constituted by a cellular material based on foam of aluminum.
De acuerdo con otra de las características de la invención las chapas exteriores de aluminio se fijan al núcleo interior de espuma de aluminio mediante un proceso térmico en el que se producen una difusión de elementos metálicos entre la espuma y las chapas exteriores, produciéndose a su vez una íntima unión metalúrgica entre ambos componentes, sin necesidad de ningún tipo de adhesivo.According to another of the characteristics of the invention the aluminum outer plates are fixed to the core aluminum foam interior by a thermal process in the that a diffusion of metallic elements occurs between the foam and the outer plates, producing in turn an intimate union metallurgical between both components, without the need of any kind of adhesive.
Las chapas de aluminio exteriores son productos comerciales en los que participa como componente fundamental el aluminio, pero formando aleaciones con otros metales tales como manganeso, magnesio, silicio, etc, y tiene espesores estándar de 0,5 y 0,6 mm, mientras que la espuma de aluminio constitutiva del núcleo presenta un espesor normalmente comprendido entre 6 y 9 mm, con densidades medias en el rango de 0,25 a 0,5 gr/cm^{3}, o lo que es lo mismo, en dicho núcleo participa un porcentaje comprendido entre el 10 y el 20% del material base, es decir del aluminio.Exterior aluminum sheets are products commercials in which the fundamental component participates aluminum, but forming alloys with other metals such as manganese, magnesium, silicon, etc., and has standard thicknesses of 0.5 and 0.6 mm, while the aluminum foam constituting the core has a thickness normally between 6 and 9 mm, with average densities in the range of 0.25 to 0.5 gr / cm3, or which is the same, in that nucleus a percentage participates between 10 and 20% of the base material, that is to say aluminum.
A su vez las aleaciones usuales del núcleo están obtenidas mediante aditivos a base de silicio o de silicio y magnesio, dependiendo de las características mecánicas, resistencia y módulo de elasticidad perseguidos, y a partir de una mezcla de polvo de la aleación de aluminio elegida, se conseguirá la espumación del mismo mediante un agente de expansión, concretamente de hidruro de titanio (TiH_{2}).In turn, the usual core alloys are obtained by silicon or silicon based additives and magnesium, depending on the mechanical characteristics, resistance and modulus of elasticity pursued, and from a mixture of powder of the chosen aluminum alloy, the foaming it by means of an expanding agent, specifically of titanium hydride (TiH2).
Para complementar la descripción que se está realizando y con objeto de ayudar a una mejor comprensión de las características del invento, de acuerdo con un ejemplo preferente de realización práctica del mismo, se acompaña como parte integrante de dicha descripción un dibujo en donde con carácter ilustrativo y no limitativo, se ha representado esquemáticamente y en sección un panel sándwich para la construcción realizado de acuerdo con el objeto de la presente invención.To complement the description that is being performing and in order to help a better understanding of the characteristics of the invention, according to a preferred example of practical realization of it, is accompanied as part member of said description a drawing where with character illustrative and not limiting, it has been schematically represented and in section a sandwich panel for the construction made of according to the object of the present invention.
En la figura reseñada se observa como el panel de la invención, al igual que cualquier panel sándwich convencional, con ésta aplicación práctica, está constituido mediante dos chapas exteriores (1-1'), entre las que se establece un núcleo central (2).In the review figure it is observed as the panel of the invention, just like any sandwich panel conventional, with this practical application, it is constituted by means of two outer plates (1-1 '), between which a central core is established (2).
Las chapas exteriores (1-1'), con un espesor preferentemente del orden de 0,5 y 0,6 mm, según los requerimientos estructurales de resistencia y de rigidez del panel, estarán obtenidas a base de aleaciones de los grupos tal como "AlMn", "AlMg" o "AlSiMg", dependiendo a su vez de las características mecánicas o de los procesos de fabricación.The outer plates (1-1 '), with a thickness preferably of the order of 0.5 and 0.6 mm, according to structural strength and rigidity requirements of the panel, will be obtained based on group alloys such as "AlMn", "AlMg" or "AlSiMg", depending in turn on the mechanical characteristics or manufacturing processes.
Por su parte el núcleo interior (2) consiste en un material celular compuesto por una espuma de aluminio con un pequeño contenido en titanio, utilizado como agente de expansión o agente espumante, presentando dicho núcleo una morfología uniforme de células cerradas y un alto nivel de porosidad. Las células son esféricas o poliédricas, separadas unas de otras por delgadas capas de aluminio, constituyendo una estructura homogénea, rígida y estable, con una porosidad media del 85%.For its part, the inner core (2) consists of a cellular material composed of an aluminum foam with a small titanium content, used as an expansion agent or foaming agent, said core presenting a uniform morphology of closed cells and a high level of porosity. The cells are spherical or polyhedral, separated from each other by thin layers of aluminum, constituting a homogeneous structure, rigid and stable, with an average porosity of 85%.
El titanio actuante como agente de expansión consiste específicamente en hidruro de titanio, se mezcla con polvo de aleación de aluminio en una proporción comprendida entre el 0,6 y el 1% en peso y dicha aleación de aluminio puede ser entre otras, "A1Si7", "A1Si12" o "AlMgSi-6061", dependiendo también de las características mecánicas, resistencia y módulo de elasticidad, de las propiedades físicas o de los procesos de fabricación y tratamientos térmicos empleados en la elaboración de dicha espuma.Titanium acting as an expanding agent It consists specifically of titanium hydride, mixed with powder of aluminum alloy in a proportion between 0.6 and 1% by weight and said aluminum alloy may be among others, "A1Si7", "A1Si12" or "AlMgSi-6061", also depending on the mechanical characteristics, resistance and modulus of elasticity, physical properties or processes of manufacturing and heat treatments used in the elaboration of said foam.
Tal como también se ha dicho con anterioridad, las chapas exteriores (1-1') se fijan al núcleo de espuma (2) en un proceso térmico en el que se produce una unión metalúrgica entre ambos elementos y la consecuente estructuración monopieza del panel.As also stated previously, the outer plates (1-1 ') are fixed to the core of foam (2) in a thermal process in which a joint occurs metallurgical between both elements and the consequent structuring single piece panel.
Se consigue de ésta manera un panel sándwich que normalmente tendrá un espesor comprendido entre 8 y 10 mm y que puede ser fabricado en dimensiones estándar, de hasta 3x1,2 m, con un peso por unidad de superficie comprendido entre 5 y 7 Kg/m^{2}, de manera que estos espesores de panel, conjuntamente con sus características de resistencia y la unión metálica entre sus componentes, le confieren un elevado momento de inercia y una gran rigidez y resistencia mecánica, especialmente idóneos cuando el panel se destina a fachadas donde debe soportar grandes cargas de viento.In this way a sandwich panel is achieved that normally it will have a thickness between 8 and 10 mm and that It can be manufactured in standard dimensions, up to 3x1.2 m, with a weight per unit area between 5 and 7 Kg / m2, so that these panel thicknesses, together with its strength characteristics and the metallic bond between its components, give it a high moment of inertia and a great rigidity and mechanical resistance, especially suitable when the panel is intended for facades where it must support large loads of wind.
Solo resta señalar por último que el panel puede ser finalmente sometido a cualquier tratamiento de acabado superficial convencional, tales como analizado, lacado, o pintado, y se procesa a operaciones de corte, taladrado, fresado, conformado, plegado, etc, necesarias para la construcción de fachadas, con la misma facilidad y medios que se utilizan habitualmente en la industria manufacturera de los productos de aluminio.It only remains to note that the panel can be finally subjected to any finishing treatment conventional surface, such as analyzed, lacquered, or painted, and it is processed to cutting, drilling, milling operations, forming, folding, etc., necessary for the construction of facades, with the same ease and means that are used usually in the manufacturing industry of the products of aluminum.
Claims (6)
Priority Applications (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| ES200501181A ES2277738B1 (en) | 2005-05-16 | 2005-05-16 | SANDWICH PANEL FOR CONSTRUCTION. |
| PCT/ES2006/000251 WO2006122999A1 (en) | 2005-05-16 | 2006-05-16 | Construction sandwich panel, production method thereof and ventilated architectural facade |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| ES200501181A ES2277738B1 (en) | 2005-05-16 | 2005-05-16 | SANDWICH PANEL FOR CONSTRUCTION. |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| ES2277738A1 true ES2277738A1 (en) | 2007-07-16 |
| ES2277738B1 ES2277738B1 (en) | 2008-04-16 |
Family
ID=38330835
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| ES200501181A Expired - Fee Related ES2277738B1 (en) | 2005-05-16 | 2005-05-16 | SANDWICH PANEL FOR CONSTRUCTION. |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| ES (1) | ES2277738B1 (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| ES2336528A1 (en) * | 2007-12-04 | 2010-04-13 | Procabur 2001, S.L. | Architectural wall for prefabricated houses (Machine-translation by Google Translate, not legally binding) |
Citations (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH01275831A (en) * | 1988-04-25 | 1989-11-06 | Matsushita Electric Works Ltd | Foam building board |
| JPH01306236A (en) * | 1988-05-26 | 1989-12-11 | Royale Asturienne De Mines:Co | Element for self-supporting structure |
| US6085965A (en) * | 1997-02-04 | 2000-07-11 | Mcdonnel & Douglas Corporation | Pressure bonding and densification process for manufacturing low density core metal parts |
| JP2001146163A (en) * | 1999-11-19 | 2001-05-29 | Narita Seisakusho:Kk | Door for rolling stock |
| DE10017284C1 (en) * | 2000-04-06 | 2001-06-21 | Daimler Chrysler Ag | Wall element for protection against laser radiation e.g. for shielding laser welding tool, has metal foam layer between inner and outer skins |
| JP2001342707A (en) * | 2000-06-01 | 2001-12-14 | Uni Harts Kk | Partition panel |
| WO2002016064A1 (en) * | 2000-08-25 | 2002-02-28 | Christian Steglich | Method and device for producing composite materials comprising a core consisting of metallic foam |
| ES2214898T3 (en) * | 1998-10-30 | 2004-09-16 | Corus Aluminium Walzprodukte Gmbh | COMPOSITE ALUMINUM PANEL. |
| US20040209107A1 (en) * | 2001-07-26 | 2004-10-21 | Dirk Schwingel | Composite metallic materials and structures and methods of making the same |
| ES2217116T3 (en) * | 2000-01-19 | 2004-11-01 | Corus Aluminium Walzprodukte Gmbh | STRATIFICATE OF METAL POWDER AND FOAMING AGENT BETWEEN TWO METAL LAYERS. |
-
2005
- 2005-05-16 ES ES200501181A patent/ES2277738B1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH01275831A (en) * | 1988-04-25 | 1989-11-06 | Matsushita Electric Works Ltd | Foam building board |
| JPH01306236A (en) * | 1988-05-26 | 1989-12-11 | Royale Asturienne De Mines:Co | Element for self-supporting structure |
| US6085965A (en) * | 1997-02-04 | 2000-07-11 | Mcdonnel & Douglas Corporation | Pressure bonding and densification process for manufacturing low density core metal parts |
| ES2214898T3 (en) * | 1998-10-30 | 2004-09-16 | Corus Aluminium Walzprodukte Gmbh | COMPOSITE ALUMINUM PANEL. |
| JP2001146163A (en) * | 1999-11-19 | 2001-05-29 | Narita Seisakusho:Kk | Door for rolling stock |
| ES2217116T3 (en) * | 2000-01-19 | 2004-11-01 | Corus Aluminium Walzprodukte Gmbh | STRATIFICATE OF METAL POWDER AND FOAMING AGENT BETWEEN TWO METAL LAYERS. |
| DE10017284C1 (en) * | 2000-04-06 | 2001-06-21 | Daimler Chrysler Ag | Wall element for protection against laser radiation e.g. for shielding laser welding tool, has metal foam layer between inner and outer skins |
| JP2001342707A (en) * | 2000-06-01 | 2001-12-14 | Uni Harts Kk | Partition panel |
| WO2002016064A1 (en) * | 2000-08-25 | 2002-02-28 | Christian Steglich | Method and device for producing composite materials comprising a core consisting of metallic foam |
| US20040209107A1 (en) * | 2001-07-26 | 2004-10-21 | Dirk Schwingel | Composite metallic materials and structures and methods of making the same |
Non-Patent Citations (4)
| Title |
|---|
| recuperadas en línea de WPI (DERWENT/THOMSON) & JP 01275831 A (MATSUSHITA ELECTRIC WORKS LTD) 06.11.1989, resumen y figuras * |
| recuperado en línea de EPODOC (EPOQUE) el 02.07.2007 & JP 01306236 A (ROYALE ASTURIENNE DE MINES CO.) 11.12.1989, resumen; figuras * |
| recuperado en línea de WPI (DERWENT/THOMSON) el 02.07.2007 & JP 2001146163 A (NARITA MFG LTD) 29.05.2001, resumen * |
| resumen recuperado en línea de EPODOC, EPOQUE el 02.07.2007 & JP 2001342707 A (UNI HARTS K.K.) 14.12.2001, resumen; figura 1 * |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| ES2336528A1 (en) * | 2007-12-04 | 2010-04-13 | Procabur 2001, S.L. | Architectural wall for prefabricated houses (Machine-translation by Google Translate, not legally binding) |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| ES2277738B1 (en) | 2008-04-16 |
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