ES1060278U

ES1060278U - Sandwich panel for construction (Machine-translation by Google Translate, not legally binding)

Info

Publication number: ES1060278U
Application number: ES200501108U
Authority: ES
Inventors: Clemente Gonzalez Soler
Original assignee: Alucoil SA
Current assignee: Alucoil SA
Priority date: 2005-05-16
Filing date: 2005-05-16
Publication date: 2005-08-01
Anticipated expiration: 2015-05-16
Also published as: ES1060278Y

Abstract

Sandwich panel for construction, of those used in facades, exterior enclosures, ceilings, decorative interior panels and the like, and those that use two thin aluminum outer plates between which a central core of greater thickness is established, characterized because said core is also of aluminum, specifically of aluminum foam, with a uniform morphology of closed cells and a high level of porosity constituting a homogeneous and rigid structure. (Machine-translation by Google Translate, not legally binding)

Description

Panel sándwich para la construcción.Sandwich panel for construction.

Object of the invention

La presente invención se refiere a un panel tipo sándwich, es decir a un panel multicapa, obtenido exclusivamente a base de aluminio y utilizable tanto en cerramientos estructurales de exterior como en techos y paneles decorativos de interior y de exterior.The present invention relates to a type panel sandwich, that is to a multilayer panel, obtained exclusively from Aluminum base and usable both in structural enclosures of exterior as in ceilings and decorative panels of interior and of Exterior.

El objeto de la invención es conseguir un panel ligero, pero de gran rigidez y resistencia mecánica, con unas buenas propiedades de aislamiento térmico y acústico, que por su propia naturaleza resulta incombustible y de alta resistencia al fuego.The object of the invention is to achieve a panel light, but of great rigidity and mechanical resistance, with some good thermal and acoustic insulation properties, which due to its nature itself is incombustible and high resistance to fire.

Background of the invention

Es conocida la utilización de paneles tipo sánd-
wich en el ámbito de la construcción en los que participa el aluminio por ser éste un material con excelente comportamiento a la corrosión, y consecuentemente duradero, y que no se degrada con el tiempo.The use of sandwich panels is known.
wich in the field of construction in which aluminum participates because it is a material with excellent corrosion behavior, and consequently durable, and that does not degrade over time.

Dado que en estos paneles constructivos se requiere habitualmente también de altos coeficientes de aislamiento térmico y acústico, en la estructura tipo sándwich el aluminio configura las capas exteriores del panel, mientras que la capa interior y mayoritaria del mismo se obtiene a base de materiales plásticos, como por ejemplo polietileno, que se une a las chapas exteriores de aluminio mediante adhesivos.Since these building panels are it usually also requires high insulation coefficients thermal and acoustic, in the sandwich structure the aluminum configure the outer layers of the panel while the layer interior and majority of it is obtained based on materials plastics, such as polyethylene, which joins the plates Aluminum exteriors using adhesives.

Description of the invention

El panel tipo sándwich que la invención propone es un elemento de gran ligereza, rigidez y resistencia mecánica, como ya se ha apuntado con anterioridad, que es incombustible y resistente al fuego, que no produce gases tóxicos en caso de incendio, que es estable hasta temperaturas iguales o superiores a los 550°C, que además es duradero y no se degrada con el tiempo, es reciclable al 100% y que también ofrece unas buenas prestaciones desde el punto de vista de aislamiento térmico y acústico.The sandwich panel that the invention proposes It is an element of great lightness, rigidity and mechanical strength, as noted above, which is fireproof and Fire resistant, which does not produce toxic gases in case of fire, which is stable up to temperatures equal to or greater than 550 ° C, which is also durable and does not degrade over time, is 100% recyclable and also offers good performance from the point of view of thermal and acoustic insulation.

Para ello y de forma mas concreta el panel sánd-
wich que la invención propone está constituido integralmente de aluminio, y mas concretamente está compuesto por dos chapas exteriores de reducido espesor, de aluminio, y un núcleo interior de espesor sustancialmente mayor, que está constituido a su vez por un material celular a base de espuma de aluminio.For this and in a more concrete way, the panel
wich that the invention proposes is constituted entirely of aluminum, and more specifically it is composed of two outer plates of reduced thickness, of aluminum, and an inner core of substantially greater thickness, which is in turn constituted by a cellular material based on foam of aluminum.

De acuerdo con otra de las características de la invención las chapas exteriores de aluminio se fijan al núcleo interior de espuma de aluminio mediante un proceso térmico en el que se producen una difusión de elementos metálicos entre la espuma y las chapas exteriores, produciéndose a su vez una íntima unión metalúrgica entre ambos componentes, sin necesidad de ningún tipo de adhesivo.According to another of the characteristics of the invention the aluminum outer plates are fixed to the core aluminum foam interior by a thermal process in the that a diffusion of metallic elements occurs between the foam and the outer plates, producing in turn an intimate union metallurgical between both components, without the need for any type of adhesive.

Las chapas de aluminio exteriores son productos comerciales en los que participa como componente fundamental el aluminio, pero formando aleaciones con otros metales tales como manganeso, magnesio, silicio, etc, y tiene espesores estándar de 0,5 y 0,6 mm, mientras que la espuma de aluminio constitutiva del núcleo presenta un espesor normalmente comprendido entre 6 y 9 mm, con densidades medias en el rango de 0,25 a 0,5 gr/cm^{3}, o lo que es lo mismo, en dicho núcleo participa un porcentaje comprendido entre el 10 y el 20% del material base, es decir del aluminio.Exterior aluminum sheets are products commercials in which the fundamental component participates aluminum, but forming alloys with other metals such as manganese, magnesium, silicon, etc., and has standard thicknesses of 0.5 and 0.6 mm, while the aluminum foam constituting the core has a thickness normally between 6 and 9 mm, with average densities in the range of 0.25 to 0.5 gr / cm3, or which is the same, in that nucleus a percentage participates between 10 and 20% of the base material, that is to say aluminum.

A su vez las aleaciones usuales del núcleo están obtenidas mediante aditivos a base de silicio o de silicio y magnesio, dependiendo de las características mecánicas, resistencia y módulo de elasticidad perseguidos, y a partir de una mezcla de polvo de la aleación de aluminio elegida, se conseguirá la espumación del mismo mediante un agente de expansión, concretamente de hidruro de titanio (TiH_{2}).In turn, the usual core alloys are obtained by silicon or silicon based additives and magnesium, depending on the mechanical characteristics, resistance and modulus of elasticity pursued, and from a mixture of powder of the chosen aluminum alloy, the foaming it by means of an expanding agent, specifically of titanium hydride (TiH2).

Description of the drawings

Para complementar la descripción que se está realizando y con objeto de ayudar a una mejor comprensión de las características del invento, de acuerdo con un ejemplo preferente de realización práctica del mismo, se acompaña como parte integrante de dicha descripción un dibujo en donde con carácter ilustrativo y no limitativo, se ha representado esquemáticamente y en sección un panel sándwich para la construcción realizado de acuerdo con el objeto de la presente invención.To complement the description that is being performing and in order to help a better understanding of the characteristics of the invention, according to a preferred example of practical realization of it, is accompanied as part member of said description a drawing where with character illustrative and not limiting, it has been schematically represented and in section a sandwich panel for the construction made of according to the object of the present invention.

Preferred Embodiment of the Invention

En la figura reseñada se observa como el panel de la invención, al igual que cualquier panel sándwich convencional, con ésta aplicación práctica, está constituido mediante dos chapas exteriores (1-1'), entre las que se establece un núcleo central (2).The figure shown shows how the panel of the invention, like any conventional sandwich panel, With this practical application, it is constituted by two plates exteriors (1-1 '), among which a central core (2).

Las chapas exteriores (1-1'), con un espesor preferentemente del orden de 0,5 y 0,6 mm, según los requerimientos estructurales de resistencia y de rigidez del panel, estarán obtenidas a base de aleaciones de los grupos tal como "AlMn", "AlMg" o "AlSiMg", dependiendo a su vez de las características mecánicas o de los procesos de fabricación.The outer plates (1-1 '), with a thickness preferably of the order of 0.5 and 0.6 mm, according to the structural strength and rigidity requirements of the panel, will be obtained based on group alloys such as "AlMn", "AlMg" or "AlSiMg", depending in turn on the mechanical characteristics or manufacturing processes.

Por su parte el núcleo interior (2) consiste en un material celular compuesto por una espuma de aluminio con un pequeño contenido en titanio, utilizado como agente de expansión o agente espumante, presentando dicho núcleo una morfología uniforme de células cerradas y un alto nivel de porosidad. Las células son esféricas o poliédricas, separadas unas de otras por delgadas capas de aluminio, constituyendo una estructura homogénea, rígida y estable, con una porosidad media del 85%.For its part, the inner core (2) consists of a cellular material composed of an aluminum foam with a small titanium content, used as an expansion agent or foaming agent, said core presenting a uniform morphology of closed cells and a high level of porosity. The cells are spherical or polyhedral, separated from each other by thin layers of aluminum, constituting a homogeneous structure, rigid and stable, with an average porosity of 85%.

El titanio actuante como agente de expansión consiste específicamente en hidruro de titanio, se mezcla con polvo de aleación de aluminio en una proporción comprendida entre el 0,6 y el 1% en peso y dicha aleación de aluminio puede ser entre otras, "AlSi7", "AlSi12" o "AlMgSi - 6061", dependiendo también de las características mecánicas, resistencia y módulo de elasticidad, de las propiedades físicas o de los procesos de fabricación y tratamientos térmicos empleados en la elaboración de dicha espuma.Titanium acting as an expanding agent It consists specifically of titanium hydride, mixed with powder of aluminum alloy in a proportion between 0.6 and 1% by weight and said aluminum alloy may be among others, "AlSi7", "AlSi12" or "AlMgSi - 6061", depending also of the mechanical characteristics, resistance and modulus of elasticity, of the physical properties or of the processes of manufacturing and heat treatments used in the elaboration of said foam.

Tal como también se ha dicho con anterioridad, las chapas exteriores (1-1') se fijan al núcleo de espuma (2) en un proceso térmico en el que se produce una unión metalúrgica entre ambos elementos y la consecuente estructuración monopieza del panel.As also stated previously, the outer plates (1-1 ') are fixed to the core of foam (2) in a thermal process in which a joint occurs metallurgical between both elements and the consequent structuring single piece panel.

Se consigue de ésta manera un panel sándwich que normalmente tendrá un espesor comprendido entre 8 y 10 mm y que puede ser fabricado en dimensiones estándar, de hasta 3 x 1,2 m, con un peso por unidad de superficie comprendido entre 5 y 7 Kg/m^{2}, de manera que estos espesores de panel, conjuntamente con sus características de resistencia y la unión metálica entre sus componentes, le confieren un elevado momento de inercia y una gran rigidez y resistencia mecánica, especialmente idóneos cuando el panel se destina a fachadas donde debe soportar grandes cargas de viento.In this way a sandwich panel is achieved that normally it will have a thickness between 8 and 10 mm and that It can be manufactured in standard dimensions, up to 3 x 1.2 m, with a weight per unit area between 5 and 7 Kg / m2, so that these panel thicknesses, together with its strength characteristics and the metallic bond between its components, give it a high moment of inertia and a great rigidity and mechanical resistance, especially suitable when The panel is intended for facades where it must bear large loads of wind.

Solo resta señalar por último que el panel puede ser finalmente sometido a cualquier tratamiento de acabado superficial convencional, tales como analizado, lacado, o pintado, y se procesa a operaciones de corte, taladrado, fresado, conformado, plegado, etc, necesarias para la construcción de fachadas, con la misma facilidad y medios que se utilizan habitualmente en la industria manufacturera de los productos de aluminio.It only remains to note that the panel can be finally subjected to any finishing treatment conventional surface, such as analyzed, lacquered, or painted, and it is processed to cutting, drilling, milling operations, forming, folding, etc., necessary for the construction of facades, with the same ease and means that are used usually in the manufacturing industry of the products of aluminum.

Claims

1. Sandwich panel for construction, those used on facades, exterior enclosures, ceilings, interior decorative panels and the like, and those that use two thin aluminum outer sheets between which a thicker core core is established, characterized because said core is also made of aluminum, specifically of aluminum foam, with a uniform morphology of closed cells and a high level of porosity constituting a homogeneous and rigid structure.

2. Sandwich panel for construction, according to claim 1, characterized in that the outer sheets preferably have a thickness of 0.5 or 0.6 mm, while the foam core has a thickness preferably between 6 and 9 mm, with a density between 0.25 and 0.5 gr / cm3.

3. Sandwich panel for construction, according to previous claims, characterized in that titanium hydride participates in the aluminum foam, initially in the form of titanium hydride, in a proportion comprised between 0.6 and 1%, acting as an expanding agent for the foam.

4. Sandwich panel for construction, according to previous claims, characterized in that, depending on the mechanical characteristics of the panel, additives such as manganese, magnesium or silicon participate in its outer sheets, forming alloys with aluminum.

5. Sandwich panel for construction, according to previous claims, characterized in that, depending on the mechanical, strength and elastic modulus characteristics of the aluminum foam of the core, additives such as silicon or magnesium in the form of alloys with the aluminum.

6. Sandwich panel for construction, according to previous claims, characterized in that the outer plates are fixed to the central core by means of a metallurgical joint in a thermal process.