ES2277699A1 - Construction tensile system for use in construction of steps of stairs, has two sliding component pieces with metallic rectangular trays provided with cross-sectional ties and screws for connecting and fixing trays together - Google Patents

Construction tensile system for use in construction of steps of stairs, has two sliding component pieces with metallic rectangular trays provided with cross-sectional ties and screws for connecting and fixing trays together Download PDF

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Publication number
ES2277699A1
ES2277699A1 ES200401041A ES200401041A ES2277699A1 ES 2277699 A1 ES2277699 A1 ES 2277699A1 ES 200401041 A ES200401041 A ES 200401041A ES 200401041 A ES200401041 A ES 200401041A ES 2277699 A1 ES2277699 A1 ES 2277699A1
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formwork
steps
trays
construction
tray
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ES2277699B1 (en
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Jose Angel Moreno Ibañez
Manuel Caballero Escamilla
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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04G—SCAFFOLDING; FORMS; SHUTTERING; BUILDING IMPLEMENTS OR AIDS, OR THEIR USE; HANDLING BUILDING MATERIALS ON THE SITE; REPAIRING, BREAKING-UP OR OTHER WORK ON EXISTING BUILDINGS
    • E04G13/00—Falsework, forms, or shutterings for particular parts of buildings, e.g. stairs, steps, cornices, balconies foundations, sills
    • E04G13/06—Falsework, forms, or shutterings for particular parts of buildings, e.g. stairs, steps, cornices, balconies foundations, sills for stairs, steps, cornices, balconies, or other parts corbelled out of the wall

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Forms Removed On Construction Sites Or Auxiliary Members Thereof (AREA)

Abstract

The system includes two sliding component pieces, each having a metallic rectangular tray formed with low edges and sidewalls perpendicular to a flat bottom and located on outer ends of each tray. One of the trays is wide but slightly smaller than the other so that it can adjustably slide by its interior. The wide tray has two cross-sectional ties that receive wedges to pressure and immobilize the trays in necessary length. Screws are coupled to respective orifices for fixation of the sidewalls of the trays.

Description

Sistema de encofrado extensible para peldaños de escalera.Extensible formwork system for steps of stairs.

Objeto de la invenciónObject of the invention

El objeto al cual se refiere la invención que se protege en esta Patente, consiste en un "Sistema de encofrado extensible para peldaños de escalera".The object to which the invention relates to protects in this Patent, consists of a "Formwork System extensible for stair steps ".

Antecedentes Background

En la actualidad son conocidos y utilizados diversos sistemas de construcción de escaleras, cuyo proceso operativo se describe seguidamente, comentando los inconvenientes que comporta cada uno.They are currently known and used various stair building systems, whose process Operation is described below, commenting on the drawbacks that each one behaves.

Un primer sistema consiste en la construcción de una losa de hormigón armado y posterior peldañeado de la misma, comprendiendo las operaciones de: Encofrado de la losa de escalera; Hormigonado de la misma; Desencofrado de la losa, una vez transcurrido el tiempo de fraguado; Construcción de los peldaños con ladrillo huecos.A first system consists in the construction of a reinforced concrete slab and subsequent step of it, comprising the operations of: Formwork of the staircase slab; Concreting it; De-formwork of the slab once the setting time has elapsed; Rung Construction With hollow brick.

Este sistema presenta los inconvenientes de requerir la intervención de varios oficios (encofradores, albañiles) y de consumir el tiempo muerto del fraguado.This system has the disadvantages of require the intervention of several trades (formwork, bricklayers) and consume the dead time of setting.

Otro sistema consiste en la construcción de la rampa de escalera mediante una bóveda de ladrillo hueco y yeso y su posterior peldañeado, comprendiendo las operaciones de: Construcción de la bóveda; Vertido de una capa de compresión de hormigón; Construcción de los peldaños con ladrillo hueco.Another system consists in the construction of the stair ramp using a hollow brick and plaster vault and its subsequent stepping, comprising the operations of: Construction of the vault; Pouring a compression layer of concrete; Construction of the steps with hollow brick.

Este sistema es el tradicional y requiere la intervención de personal altamente especializado, por lo que es cada vez menos utilizado por su carácter casi artesanal.This system is the traditional one and requires the highly specialized personnel intervention, so it is less and less used for its almost handmade character.

Finalmente, es también conocido otro sistema consistente en la construcción de una losa de hormigón armado y simultáneamente, de los peldaños de hormigón, encofrando a la vez ambos elementos.Finally, another system is also known consisting of the construction of a reinforced concrete slab and simultaneously, of the concrete steps, formwork at the same time both elements

Las piezas de encofrado de los escalones son de madera, cortadas en cada caso a la longitud requerida, con el consiguiente incremento de coste por la inutilización de madera debida a su uso único.The formwork pieces of the steps are of wood, cut in each case to the required length, with the consequent increase in cost due to the use of wood due to its unique use.

Descripción de la invenciónDescription of the invention

El sistema de encofrado que se describe en esta Patente, está orientado al perfeccionamiento del sistema de construcción simultánea de la losa de hormigón armado y los peldaños, precedentemente descrito.The formwork system described in this Patent, is aimed at improving the system of simultaneous construction of the reinforced concrete slab and the steps, previously described.

El encofrado de la losa de hormigón se realiza según el proceso convencional, por su cara inferior, al mismo tiempo que el de los parapastas; y una vez montada la armadura de la losa, se colocan los encofrados transversales para el moldeo de los peldaños, en disposición tal que definen la posición y la altura de la tabica o cara frontal de los escalones, adaptándose su longitud al ancho de la escalera mediante el deslizamiento ajustado de una de las dos piezas que componen cada encofrado, por el interior de la otra.The concrete slab formwork is done according to the conventional process, by its inferior face, at the same time than that of parapastas; and once mounted the armor of the slab, the transverse formwork for the molding of the steps, in arrangement such that they define the position and the height of the partition or front face of the steps, adapting its length to the width of the ladder by sliding adjusted of one of the two pieces that make up each formwork, by the inside of the other.

Cada una de las dos piezas que componen un encofrado extensible para peldaños de escalera, adopta una configuración de bandeja metálica de fondo plano rectangular alargado, con bordes longitudinales de escasa altura, planos y perpendiculares al fondo, y un solo testero constituido por una plancha rectangular dispuesta ortogonalmente al plano del fondo, de mayor altura que los bordes longitudinales y situados en los extremos opuestos exteriores de cada bandeja.Each of the two pieces that make up a Extendable formwork for stair steps, adopts a configuration of rectangular flat bottom metal tray elongated, with longitudinal edges of low height, flat and perpendicular to the fund, and a single tester consisting of a rectangular plate arranged orthogonally to the bottom plane, of greater height than the longitudinal edges and located in the opposite outer ends of each tray.

Una de las dos bandejas que componen un encofrado extensible, es de dimensiones ligeramente inferiores que las de la otra, tanto en el ancho de sus fondos respectivos como en la altura de sus bordes longitudinales, con el fin de facilitar la introducción ajustada y el deslizamiento relativo de la bandeja de dimensiones menores en la de dimensiones mayores, la cual dispone de dos trabas transversales metálicas, rectangulares, paralelas al fondo y perpendiculares al eje longitudinal de la bandeja, destinadas a recibir cuñas elásticas a presión, para inmovilizar el deslizamiento relativo de las bandejas cuando alcanza el encofrado extensible la longitud correspondiente al ancho de la escalera, fijándose el encofrado en su posición correcta, bien mediante claveteado al parapastas cuando este sea de madera, a cuyo efecto los testeros disponen de orificios de pequeño diámetro, dispuestos en proximidad a sus vértices, o bien mediante atornillado a las paredes de la caja de escalera, a cuyo efecto disponen de orificios de mayor diámetro también dispuestos en proximidad a los vértices de los testeros.One of the two trays that make up a extensible formwork, is slightly smaller than those of the other, both in the width of their respective funds and in the height of its longitudinal edges, in order to facilitate the tight introduction and relative sliding of the tray smaller dimensions in the larger dimensions, which has of two metal crossbars, rectangular, parallel to the bottom and perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the tray, intended to receive elastic pressure wedges, to immobilize the relative sliding of the trays when it reaches the formwork the length corresponding to the width of the ladder, fixing the formwork in its correct position, either by nailed to the parapastas when it is made of wood, for which purpose the heads have small diameter holes, arranged in proximity to its vertices, or by screwing the Staircase walls, for which purpose they have holes of greater diameter also arranged in proximity to the vertices of the pointers.

Obviamente, cada uno de los encofrados extensibles puede ser retirado tras el fraguado de la losa y los peldaños, y recuperado para una nueva utilización, con el evidente ahorro de materiales y mano de obra a que da lugar su versatilidad funcional.Obviously, each formwork Extensible can be removed after setting the slab and the rungs, and recovered for a new use, with the obvious material and labor savings to which its versatility results functional.

Breve descripción de los dibujosBrief description of the drawings

Para complementar la descripción de la invención y facilitar la interpretación de las características formales, estructurales y funcionales de su objeto, se acompañan dibujos en los que se representan esquemáticamente diferentes aspectos de una realización preferente del "Sistema de encofrado extensible para peldaños de escalera" que constituye el objeto de esta Patente. En dichos dibujos:To complement the description of the invention and facilitate the interpretation of formal characteristics, structural and functional of its object, drawings are accompanied in those that schematically represent different aspects of a preferred embodiment of the "Extensible formwork system for stair steps "which is the subject of this patent. In these drawings:

- La Figura 1 muestra, en perspectiva, la disposición general de los encofrados extensibles para la construcción de un tramo de escalera de seis peldaños.- Figure 1 shows, in perspective, the general arrangement of extendable formwork for the construction of a six-step ladder section.

- La Figura 2 representa en perspectiva a las dos bandejas que componen un encofrado extensible, en disposición enfrentada, antes de iniciar su acoplamiento deslizante, mientras que la Figura 3 las muestra acopladas, inmovilizadas por acuñamiento en su posición de uso.- Figure 2 represents in perspective the two trays that make up an extendable formwork, in arrangement facing, before starting its sliding coupling, while that Figure 3 shows them coupled, immobilized by coining in its position of use.

- La Figura 4 representa, en alzado lateral, las dos bandejas en disposición enfrentada y sus testeros respectivos girados para mostrarlos sobre el plano de representación; mientras que en la Figura 5 se representan las dos bandejas en la misma disposición que en la Figura 4, pero vistas en planta, con los testeros respectivos abatidos sobre el plano de representación.- Figure 4 represents, in side elevation, the two trays in opposite arrangement and their respective heads rotated to show them on the representation plane; While that in Figure 5 the two trays in the same are represented provision as in Figure 4, but plan views, with the respective treasurers shot down on the level of representation.

Descripción de una realización preferenteDescription of a preferred embodiment

Para mostrar con claridad la naturaleza y el alcance de la aplicación ventajosa del "Sistema de encofrado extensible para peldaños de escalera" que constituye el objeto de la invención reivindicada, se describen seguidamente la estructura de los encofrados extensibles y su utilización, haciendo referencia a los dibujos que, por representar una realización preferente de dicho objeto, con carácter informativo, deben considerarse en su sentido más amplio y no como limitadores de la aplicación y el contenido de la invención reivindicada.To clearly show nature and the Advantageous application scope of the "Formwork system extensible for stair steps "that constitutes the object of the claimed invention, the following are described Extensible formwork structure and its use, making reference to the drawings that, to represent an embodiment preference of said object, for informational purposes, must be considered in its broadest sense and not as limiting the application and content of the claimed invention.

El sistema de encofrado extensible para peldaños de escalera que se reivindica, es aplicable preferentemente al método de construcción simultánea de la losa de hormigón armado de la escalera y de los peldaños de hormigón.The extensible formwork system for steps of the claimed staircase, it is preferably applicable to the Simultaneous construction method of reinforced concrete slab the staircase and the concrete steps.

El encofrado de la losa de hormigón se realiza según el proceso convencional, por su cara inferior, y una vez montada la armadura de la losa, se colocan los encofrados transversalmente para el moldeo de los peldaños, en disposición tal que definen la posición y la altura de la tabica o cara frontal de los escalones, adaptándose su longitud al ancho de la escalera mediante el deslizamiento de una de las dos piezas que componen cada encofrado, por el interior de la obra.The concrete slab formwork is done according to the conventional process, for its lower face, and once mounted the slab reinforcement, the formwork is placed transversely for the molding of the steps, in such arrangement that define the position and height of the tactic or front face of the steps, adapting their length to the width of the stairs by sliding one of the two pieces that make up each formwork, inside the work.

Cada una de las dos piezas que componen un encofrado extensible para peldaños de escalera, adopta una configuración de bandeja metálica (1)-(1'), de fondo plano, rectangular alargado, con bordes longitudinales de escasa altura, planos y perpendiculares al fondo, y un solo testero (3)-(3') constituido por una plancha rectangular dispuesta ortogonalmente al plano del fondo, de mayor altura que los bordes longitudinales (2) y situado en los extremos opuestos exteriores de cada bandeja (1)-(1').Each of the two pieces that make up a Extendable formwork for stair steps, adopts a metal tray configuration (1) - (1 '), flat bottom, elongated rectangular, with longitudinal edges of low height, flat and perpendicular to the bottom, and a single tester (3) - (3 ') constituted by a rectangular plate arranged orthogonally to the bottom plane, higher than the longitudinal edges (2) and located at opposite outer ends of each tray (1) - (1 ').

Una de las dos bandejas (1') que componen un encofrado extensible, es de dimensiones ligeramente inferiores que las de la otra (1), tanto en el ancho de sus fondos respectivos como en la altura de sus bordes longitudinales, con el fin de facilitar la introducción ajustada y el deslizamiento relativo de la bandeja de dimensiones menores (1') en la de dimensiones mayores (1), la cual dispone de dos trabas transversales (4) metálicas, rectangulares, paralelas al fondo y perpendiculares al eje longitudinal de la bandeja, destinadas a recibir cuñas elásticas (5) a presión, para inmovilizar el deslizamiento relativo de las bandejas cuando alcanza el encofrado extensible la longitud correspondiente al ancho de la escalera, fijándose el encofrado en su posición correcta, bien mediante claveteado al parapastas cuando este sea de madera, a cuyo efecto los testeros (3)-(3') disponen de orificios (6) de pequeño diámetro, dispuestos en proximidad a sus vértices, o bien mediante atornillado a las paredes de la caja de escalera, a cuyo efecto disponen de orificios (7) de mayor diámetro también dispuestos en proximidad a los vértices de los testeros (3)-(3').One of the two trays (1 ') that make up a extensible formwork, is slightly smaller than those of the other (1), both in the width of their respective funds as in the height of its longitudinal edges, in order to facilitate tight introduction and relative slippage of the tray of smaller dimensions (1 ') in that of larger dimensions (1), which has two metal crossbars (4), rectangular, parallel to the bottom and perpendicular to the axis longitudinal of the tray, intended to receive elastic wedges (5) under pressure, to immobilize the relative sliding of the trays when the length formwork reaches the length corresponding to the width of the stairs, fixing the formwork in its correct position, either by means of spiked to the pastas when this is made of wood, for which purpose the heads (3) - (3 ') have holes (6) of small diameter, arranged in proximity to their vertices, or by screwing the walls of the box stairs, for which purpose they have holes (7) of greater diameter also arranged in proximity to the vertices of the testeros (3) - (3 ').

Claims (3)

1. Sistema de encofrado extensible para peldaños de escalera, aplicable preferentemente al método de construcción simultánea de la losa de hormigón armado de la escalera y de los peldaños de hormigón, caracterizado porque una vez montada la armadura de la losa, se colocan los encofrados transversalmente para el moldeo de los peldaños, en disposición tal que definen la posición y la altura de la tabica o cara frontal de los escalones, adaptándose su longitud al ancho de la escalera mediante el deslizamiento de una de las dos piezas que componen cada encofrado, por el interior de la obra.1. Extensible formwork system for stair steps, preferably applicable to the method of simultaneous construction of the reinforced concrete slab of the staircase and of the concrete steps, characterized in that once the slab reinforcement is mounted, the formwork is placed transversely for the molding of the steps, in arrangement such that they define the position and height of the partition or front face of the steps, adapting its length to the width of the stairs by sliding one of the two pieces that make up each formwork, by The interior of the work. 2. Sistema de encofrado extensible para peldaños de escalera, según la Reivindicación 1ª, caracterizado porque cada una de las dos piezas que componen un encofrado extensible para peldaños de escalera, adopta una configuración de bandeja metálica (1)-(1') de fondo plano, rectangular alargado, con bordes longitudinales de escasa altura, planos y perpendiculares al fondo, y un solo testero (3)-(3') constituido por una plancha rectangular dispuesta ortogonalmente al plano del fondo, de mayor altura que los bordes longitudinales (2) y situado en los extremos opuestos exteriores de cada bandeja (1)-(1').2. Extensible formwork system for stair steps, according to Claim 1, characterized in that each of the two parts that make up an extensible formwork for stair steps, adopts a metal tray configuration (1) - (1 ') in the background flat, elongated rectangular, with longitudinal edges of low height, flat and perpendicular to the bottom, and a single tester (3) - (3 ') consisting of a rectangular plate arranged orthogonally to the bottom plane, of greater height than the longitudinal edges ( 2) and located at opposite outer ends of each tray (1) - (1 '). 3. Sistema de encofrado extensible para peldaños de escalera, según las Reivindicaciones precedentes, caracterizado porque una de las dos bandejas (1') que componen un encofrado extensible, es de dimensiones ligeramente inferiores que las de la otra (1), tanto en el ancho de sus fondos respectivos como en la altura de sus bordes longitudinales, con el fin de facilitar la introducción ajustada y el deslizamiento relativo de la bandeja de dimensiones menores (1') en la de dimensiones mayores (1), la cual dispone de dos trabas transversales (4) metálicas, rectangulares, paralelas al fondo y perpendiculares al eje longitudinal de la bandeja, destinadas a recibir cuñas elásticas (5) a presión, para inmovilizar el deslizamiento relativo de las bandejas cuando alcanza el encofrado extensible la longitud correspondiente al ancho de la escalera, fijándose el encofrado en su posición correcta, bien mediante claveteado al parapastas cuando este sea de madera, a cuyo efecto los testeros (3)-(3') disponen de orificios (6) de pequeño diámetro, dispuestos en proximidad a sus vértices, o bien mediante atornillado a las paredes de la caja de escalera, a cuyo efecto disponen de orificios (7) de mayor diámetro también dispuestos en proximidad a los vértices de los testeros (3)-(3').3. Extensible formwork system for stair steps, according to the preceding claims, characterized in that one of the two trays (1 ') that make up an extendable formwork, is of slightly smaller dimensions than those of the other (1), both in the width of their respective bottoms as in the height of their longitudinal edges, in order to facilitate the tight introduction and the relative sliding of the tray of smaller dimensions (1 ') in that of larger dimensions (1), which has two metal (rectangular), rectangular, parallel to the bottom and perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the tray locks, intended to receive elastic wedges (5) under pressure, to immobilize the relative sliding of the trays when the length of the formwork reaches the length corresponding to the width of the ladder, fixing the formwork in its correct position, either by means of nailing the parapastas when it is made of wood, for which purpose the pointers ( 3) - (3 ') have holes (6) of small diameter, arranged in proximity to their vertices, or by bolting to the walls of the staircase, for which purpose they have holes (7) of larger diameter also arranged in proximity to the vertices of the heads (3) - (3 ').
ES200401041A 2004-04-30 2004-04-30 EXTENSIBLE WRAPPING SYSTEM FOR STAIRCASE. Expired - Fee Related ES2277699B1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
ES200401041A ES2277699B1 (en) 2004-04-30 2004-04-30 EXTENSIBLE WRAPPING SYSTEM FOR STAIRCASE.

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ES200401041A ES2277699B1 (en) 2004-04-30 2004-04-30 EXTENSIBLE WRAPPING SYSTEM FOR STAIRCASE.

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN110409817A (en) * 2018-04-27 2019-11-05 湖南好快省建筑科技有限公司 Stair template with stair cover board

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2306722A (en) * 1941-04-05 1942-12-29 Paul F Fox Stair form
DE817363C (en) * 1950-07-06 1951-10-18 Josef Gehlen Formwork for windowsill panels over niches
US3284042A (en) * 1964-06-01 1966-11-08 Samuel A Rizzuto Form for concrete stair
DE2411423A1 (en) * 1973-07-05 1975-01-30 Bruno Gonzato Shuttering for making concrete stairs - has side members with interposed raiser and tread members whose length can be extended
DE29703004U1 (en) * 1997-02-20 1997-04-03 Baumann Verwertungsgesellschaft Gmbh, 88471 Laupheim Device to be used in construction for the manufacture of formwork for one step
DE29705006U1 (en) * 1997-01-17 1997-06-05 W-K Basisbau GmbH, 48683 Ahaus Formwork for a step

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2306722A (en) * 1941-04-05 1942-12-29 Paul F Fox Stair form
DE817363C (en) * 1950-07-06 1951-10-18 Josef Gehlen Formwork for windowsill panels over niches
US3284042A (en) * 1964-06-01 1966-11-08 Samuel A Rizzuto Form for concrete stair
DE2411423A1 (en) * 1973-07-05 1975-01-30 Bruno Gonzato Shuttering for making concrete stairs - has side members with interposed raiser and tread members whose length can be extended
DE29705006U1 (en) * 1997-01-17 1997-06-05 W-K Basisbau GmbH, 48683 Ahaus Formwork for a step
DE29703004U1 (en) * 1997-02-20 1997-04-03 Baumann Verwertungsgesellschaft Gmbh, 88471 Laupheim Device to be used in construction for the manufacture of formwork for one step

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN110409817A (en) * 2018-04-27 2019-11-05 湖南好快省建筑科技有限公司 Stair template with stair cover board

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