ES2270716B1 - INSTALLATION FOR NATURAL ASSISTED INSULATION FOR SELF-SAVING PERSONS IN CASE OF FIRE. - Google Patents

Abstract

Installation for natural assisted isolation to self-safeguard people in case of fire, in all types of buildings built and to be built that comprises a primary conduit (1) installed below street level (2) configured to act as the main oxygen outlet, pipes (15) connected to the said primary conduit for the transport of oxygen, allocating an outlet for each of the designated environments to be isolated, said pipe for combining the transport of oxygen with ventilation pipes (21), and exclusive ventilation of the basement ( 16), producing a stream of natural oxygen, two exclusive doors, an inner blind (45) of aluminum metal and a sliding outer door with implements installed in the environment to be insulated designated indispensable to survive, emergency light, towels, sealing material , drinking water, an oxygen outlet, a vent and a plug.

Description

Installation for natural assisted isolation to auto safeguard people in case of fire.

Field and object of the invention

The present invention relates to a installation for natural and auto-assisted isolation save people in case of fire in all types of buildings, built and to be built, through an everyday environment Designed with a double function, on the one hand by installing of pipes isolated from natural oxygen transports from abroad and on the other by installing ventilation pipes with openings, designed to withstand high temperatures, smoke, gases, provided the insulation object of the present invention of essential implements to survive installed in the environment to isolate designated and therefore making integrity effective physics of people who are within that environment.

State of the art

Currently, different media are known to safeguard the physical integrity of the people they occupy The interior of the buildings.

The most widespread and known system are the fire stairs, which are usually installed in parts exterior of the building and that are used by the occupants of the building when a fire is detected to descend from the building. This system has the disadvantage that when the fire is of large dimensions, the passage through these stairs is cut by high temperatures and even by the flames produced by the fire, the occupants of the building cannot descend if the fire It is produced in the lower floors of it, leaving caught and therefore being able to perish.

Another system used especially in buildings of Small height residential type such as chalets, consists of make an exit through the roof on the roof of the house from it to access from it to the roof of a building contiguous which may be connected to it by means of a Gateway for example. Although this system can be effective in the case of low-rise buildings like those mentioned results from low efficiency for high-rise buildings since how much the higher the height of the highest building on the ground is the commented walkway and the passage from one building to another involves great danger. In addition the great height of the building makes the shot of the combustion produced in the fire increases and that the flames quickly reach the terraces and roofs of the building, not there is barely time to evacuate with guarantees to the whole of the occupants of the building.

Another system used is the construction of a helipad on the terraces or upper decks of the building intended to serve as an evacuation point in case of fire using a rescue helicopter. This system although it is one of the most effective, it has the disadvantage of its high costs, It can only be used in large buildings and the most important has a great limitation in the capacity of the number of people that can be picked up, being this circumstance of great importance in the case of fires in which the occupancy level It is high, not giving material time to pick up all people.

Finally, another system used mainly in museums and similar public buildings in which the most important is to preserve the integrity of works of art exposed, consists of the provision of a hermetic closing system of the different entrances to and from the enclosure, proceeding to an exterior insulation either from the building complete or by compartmentalizations of different areas of the same, proceeding subsequently to the extraction of oxygen from inside the building through a decompression in order to combustion does not occur in the fire of the fire and so proceed to extinction by suffocation thereof. This system It obviously has the main drawback that it is not suitable for the use of high-density buildings since oxygen bottle kits would be necessary for each person and need sophisticated and expensive subsystems electronic fire detection and drive and control of the different access and exit points of the building.

Therefore, a need has been detected to provide a new system capable of solving as much as possible the commented problems of the existing systems, for this the system object of the present invention has a primary conduit called " mono omni " which is arranged at a certain distance from the building, serving as a main oxygen outlet and being connected to an oxygen transport pipe that has a socket for each of the environments or rooms designed to insulate. The system also has the aforementioned oxygen transport pipe of a ventilation pipe and an exclusive ventilation pipe for the basement. The system is completed thanks to a double door to isolate the environment or room to be insulated and essential implements to survive for a certain time inside the environment. In this way, the people inside the building are safeguarded inside the building in an environment designated for this purpose in which they will have the minimum conditions to survive until the fire ceases, therefore not having the need to leave of the building.

This objective is achieved through the invention as defined in claim 1, in the dependent claims defined preferred embodiments of the invention.

Description of the invention

The present invention relates to an installation for natural assisted isolation to self-safeguard people in case of fire, in all types of buildings constructed and to build which is characterized in that it comprises a primary conduit installed under the street level called " mono omni " configured to act as a main oxygen outlet, pipes connected to said primary conduit for the transport of oxygen, allocating a socket for each of the designated environments or rooms to be insulated, combining said pipe for the transport of oxygen with ventilation pipes, and exclusive ventilation of the basement, producing a stream of natural oxygen and two exclusive doors, an interior blind of aluminum metal with counter frame and double hinge "T" for daily use, and a sliding exterior door with recessed box designed to withstand high temperature , smoke and gases, with implements installed inside Or from the environment to be isolated, which are essential for survival, emergency light, towels, sealant material, drinking water, an oxygen outlet, a ventilation grill and a plug.

This way you get that when it occurs the fire, the people who occupy the building are introduced quickly from the environment to be isolated, to subsequently seal from within said space, remaining inside said atmosphere for some time, waiting for the fire to be extinguished either by the action of the extinction services or by the completion of the combustion itself. Through the system described it is possible to gain precious time when it comes to avoiding misfortunes personal, being also a system of great simplicity and low cost that only requires the installation of a ventilation system natural independent of the usual ventilation systems of the building.

The installation for natural assisted isolation to auto safeguard people in case of fire additionally may include tamper pipes independent of the rest of the installation with side or rear exit of the building, from where said conduit begins to the interior of the environment to insulate designated and will have a plug of precise adjustment with a handle in the center of the cap, presenting the end of each conduit an opening that ends in elbow facing below whose end is covered with stainless steel fabric of Mesh fastened with a clamp.

In this way it is possible to arrange a system Natural ventilation auxiliary in case the duct primary is rendered useless by some fortuitous cause as well as intentional, in addition to according to said configuration it ensures That said auxiliary system is more protected against possible obstructions of the same thanks to the mentioned elbow.

The internal measurement of the transport pipes of oxygen including the primary duct will be at least one hundred Eighty square millimeters per person occupying the building. By On the other hand, the surface of the environment to be isolated will be estimated at least one hundred seventy thousand square millimeters per person that occupy the building.

The high temperature mixture to settle masonry and to cover exposed pipes, except pipes protruding from the terrace level and the primary conduit, it has a proportion of sand: lime: cement: clay: salt: water from 4: 2: 1/2: 3: 1/4: 2.

The mixture for thick plaster inside of the buildings, it has a proportion of sand: lime: cement: Water is 3: 1 + 1/4: 1/4: 1/4 - 1/2.

For its part, the mixture of the sealant material used to seal the interior of the environments to be insulated has the following components in the following proportions 850 grams of clay, 850 grams of common plaster, 850 cubic centimeters of water in which 2 cubic centimeters of salt dissolves gross.

In this way and with the exact proportions mentioned in the different mixtures used in both the construction of the building as in the areas where it is going to be located the pipes, pipes and different components of the installation, suitable mixtures are achieved in its thermal behavior to Resist the high temperatures produced during the fire.

Description of the drawings

Then it goes on to describe very brief a series of drawings that help to better understand the invention and that expressly relate to embodiments of said invention which are presented as illustrative examples and not Limitations of this one.

Figure 1 represents a sectional view right side with the components of the installation object of the Present invention represented separately.

Figure 2 shows a perspective view of the complement of the connection of the pipes of transport of oxygen, ventilation and exclusive basement ventilation.

Figure 3 shows a front view of the sliding exterior door of the environment to be insulated with box embed.

Figure 4 shows a front view of the Interior door of the environment to be isolated from the inside.

Figure 5 shows a top view of the Interior door of the environment to be isolated.

Figure 6 shows a front view of the cap of oxygen intake.

Figure 7 shows a top view of the cap of oxygen intake.

Figure 8 shows a left side view of the intake and modalities of the different ducts tamper.

Below are all references of the figures for a better understanding of the invention, having note that in all the drawings the same references indicate same or equivalent elements

Figures 1 and 2

one.

primary duct called " mono omni "

2.

Street

3.

edge of the street

Four.

bonnet

5.

cap stand with ring precise adjustment in the primary duct

6.

screws to fix the cap to the support ring and primary duct

7.

5x5 heavy mesh fabric millimeters

8.

clamps

9.

base of concrete

10.

land lines

eleven.

spout secondary

12.

elbow underground

13.

"T" cast

14.

"T" connection

fifteen.

transport pipe oxygen

16.

exclusive ventilation pipe basement

17.

bottom of the primary duct

18.

top clamp

19.

limit of the environment to be isolated

twenty.

revocation court and masonry

twenty-one.

plant ventilation pipe low, first and second floor

22

"T" connection to ventilation of the bathrooms

2. 3.

curve and counter curve at 45 degrees

24.

caps

25.

exclusive ventilation connection to basement bathroom

Figure 3

26.

car channel and guide

27.

base lower of the upper guide

28.

representative staple of the three right sides and three left sides

29.

recessed box width

30

nerves made by folding (four in total) from the inside to the outside of both sides

31.

two door transport carts

32

thymes to hold the sheet to the door flush in the rail

33.

"T" iron nerves of twenty, on the inside of the door

3. 4.

door limit when it is closed inside the "U" iron

35

lower U-shaped iron in the corridor and door guide

36.

door width

37.

Ground level

38.

metal mesh overlay by welding stitch

39.

handle to manipulate the door

40

two centimeters of adjustment of the door in the iron in "U" lower

41.

boundary of the box to be embedded in the outer part

42

sheet that covers the space between the door and rail

Figure 4

43

rear side frame position, door seat

44.

blind door

Four. Five.

representative staple of the three right sides and three left sides

46.

two double "T" hinges

47

tilt crank

48.

pin adjustment clips

49.

Barrette

fifty.

door bottom

51.

Ground level

52

three millimeters of space between the ground and the bottom of the door

53.

door counter frame

54

latch

Figure 5

55.

framework

56.

representative staple of the three right sides and three left sides

57.

pin adjustment clips

58.

rear side frame position, door seat

59.

Barrette

60

tilt crank

61.

door counter frame

62

blind door

63.

latch

Figures 6 and 7

63.

inscription "in case of fire withdraw "

64.

side male position higher

65

circumference ten millimeters larger that the width

66.

handle

67.

air passage drilling

68.

measure of the male to designate

69.

circumference ten millimeters larger that the width

70.

handle

Figure 8

71.

taking oxygen tamper

72.

feeding ducts

73

exclusive feeding duct basement

74.

land line

75.

elbow in dump position with fabric and steel clamp stainless.

Description of an embodiment of the invention

The present invention is based on the purpose paramount of self-saving lives through an environment designated for fire cases. In the present embodiment of the invention we start from a two-story building with a basement, With a room for each height.

The installation object of the present invention comprises a primary conduit 1 called " mono omni ", located in the street 2 in front of the building located seven hundred fifty millimeters from the edge 3 of the street and one thousand millimeters below the level of the street 2, the bottom 17 of the primary conduit 1 will not have a cover and will be in direct contact with the earth. The primary conduit 1 will protrude at a certain height from the level of the street 2 of a thousand millimeters and will have a flat top cap 4, the height will be 50% of the measure of the primary conduit with the diameter double that the external measure of the primary conduit 1, connected to it by three iron plate supports 5 of fifteen by three millimeters, both parts with screws 6 for sheet metal, the inner edge of the cap 4 being ten millimeters below the upper level of the primary conduit 1 coupled to the same by means of a parallel ring or clamp ring 18 inside the cap 4. The consequent flight in its lower part will be covered with heavy mesh fabric 7 of five by five millimeters. From a hundred and fifty millimeters below the level of the street 2, a male "T" of distribution 13 will be installed in the primary duct 1 in an upright position facing the building.

The lower part of the primary duct 1 is would concrete with a concrete base 9 one hundred millimeters in its contour to street level 2.

The internal measurement of all pipes is will estimate in one hundred eighty square millimeters per person that occupy the building, and the designated environment to be isolated shall be estimated at one hundred seventy thousand square millimeters per person occupying the building.

From the "T" distribution 13 of the duct primary 1 will split a secondary pipe 11 of oxygen transport continuing below street level 2 entering through the roof from the basement to the bathroom line, it will have an elevation of ten  millimeters per thousand millimeters linear from the duct Primary 1 towards the building. A female "T" of connection 14 with an outlet to the environment to be isolated designated in the basement and a male exit to the upper levels, being connected by an oxygen transport pipe 15, this pipe will culminate at two thousand millimeters above the terrace level with a cap 24 of a conical water with a flight of a third greater than that of the ventilation pipe, being fixed to the pipe 15 by means of four plates 5 screwed and finished with heavy maya fabric 7 five by five millimeters fastened with rivets and a clamp 8.

In each level it will connect to thirty degrees ascending to the bathroom, a pipe that will supply oxygen, located flush with the tile and five hundred millimeters from the floor and called oxygen intake, which will be clogged with a plug polyethylene male with two centimeters of plain insert to the oxygen intake being ten millimeters larger in the contour outside, in the front view you will have a handle 66 and the inscription 63: "in case of fire withdraw".

From "T" 13 of the secondary pipe 11, will insert an oxygen transport pipe 15 with outlet to basement bathroom that enters ninety degrees and five hundred millimeters from floor level to tile level. Taking oxygen will have a male plug with the same construction order that the previous one, a pipe of exclusive basement ventilation 16 entering the bathroom at thirty degrees down and two hundred millimeters from the ceiling towards below ending flush with the tile, being covered with a metal ventilation grill fixed with screws to the masonry. Said basement exclusive ventilation pipe 16 ends at two thousand millimeters above the terrace level with a 24 conical water cap with a third flight greater than the exclusive ventilation pipe 16, fixed thereto by four plates 5 screwed and finished with fabric Mayan 7 heavy five by five millimeters fastened with rivets, and a clamp 8.

From the bathroom on the ground floor to two hundred millimeters below the roof begins a ventilation pipe from the ground floor, first and second floor 21 to thirty degrees towards the interior of the bathroom in decline, ending flush with the tile with the installation of a metal ventilation grill screwed the masonry; the first and second floor will follow the same order of continuous connection up to two thousand millimeters above the level of the terrace with a 7 cap is the same as the main exclusive basement ventilation 16. The plumbing caps that are placed above the terraces will be distanced of the pipes through a support at a distance equal to the width The pipes themselves.

The pipes will be stapled and fixed to the walls every thousand eight hundred millimeters except the pipes of the outside, the rest will be covered with common brick masonry cooked adobe base or ceramic carriers, seated with mixture for high temperature The pipes will not be exposed to the air inside or outside.

All pipes, elbows, plates, "T", curves, caps, etc. they will be galvanized metal, in small and medium-sized buildings the couplings will be riveted with At least four rivets in its contour.

In the coupling of the pipes, the male will always place towards the oxygen transport pipes and ventilation, will be installed as straight as possible and will be established as a minimum diameter of the primary conduit 1, the pipes of ventilation 16 and 21 and oxygen transport pipe 15 in 101.6 mm

In buildings towers from thirty to one hundred and ten floors rectangular or square ducts will be used in the joints, by protruding folding, screwing in its contour. The oxygen and ventilation intakes will have a minimum of 76.2 millimeters

The insulation will be provided by a door blind inside 45 aluminum, with the two lateral edges and the upper edge with counter frame and double hinge "T", as lock will have a latch 54 that is operated towards both sides and a small pin 49 on the inner side, from the bottom of the door to the floor will be finished with a light of three millimeters, a second iron-oriented outer sliding sliding door of according to the opening of the inner door, with flush-mounted box conformed by a rail in the upper part 26 and an iron 35 in "U" of thirty by thirty millimeters, as a guide in the part lower this one will be embedded in the floor, in the vertical frame of the closure with 35 "U" iron thirty millimeters in front by sixty millimeters deep, it will be welded to iron 35 in "U" lower and to the upper lane forming a channel release.

The door will be built in the shape of a rectangle with angular profile of twenty by twenty millimeters, the inner part of the rectangle will be covered with sheet, eighteen millimeters and joins it with rivets of soft iron tinned on its contour every seventy millimeters, the inner part of the angle that makes up the door facing inside the bathroom, and on the outside of the door metal will be applied folding mesh 38 fifty-thirty-four millimeters attached to the sheet with interval welding. The material Folding mesh can vary in width and thickness from ten by twenty by two millimeters at least.

Two carts 31 of iron with 32 adjustable screws from where the door will hang inserted twenty millimeters in the bottom guide, three will be welded nerves 33 across the door averaging the height in the part interior, with fifteen millimeter "T" iron. In closing from the door two handles 39 with slits, one of Each side, halfway up.

The recessed box conformed with sheet metal twenty millimeters completely blind by folding and angle of twenty-twenty-millimeter iron with two nerves 30 toward the half the height, made by folding groove between the door and lane 26, will be covered with a sheet 42 of eighteen millimeters of the width of the door to rest on rail 26 of so that it moves flush bolted to the door, finished with paint for high temperature resistance.

The bathroom will be provided with a light emergency, five hundred cubic centimeters of mineral water per person, towel to clog toilets and drainage box, it install a five-liter bucket as a container within reach of the hand, to introduce a plastic bottle with eight hundred fifty cubic centimeters of water, dissolved in it two cubic centimeters of coarse salt, covering later, it prepare eight hundred and fifty grams of clay previously sieved plus eight hundred and fifty grams of common plaster both Materials are mixed dry, and packed in a paper bag two hundred and three hundred millimeters thick, with a bag of superimposed nylon the mixture is packaged, the air is removed, formed a fold and buckles being formed a seam, is located inside the container plus a plastic spatula with handle.

In the case of installing emergency lights in the room will be placed two hundred millimeters above the Ground level.

On the doors of the interior bathrooms and the outside a sign will be said that says "insulation in case of fire".

In existing buildings, a environment to be isolated, estimating the measures according to the population. The ducts may be installed inside their own environments to isolate or adjoining.

Estimating the population of the room, as and as can be seen in the figure, it will be installed in the environment to be isolated designated, a conduit 72, 73 from tile level, and two hundred millimeters from the ground you will find an oxygen outlet 71 with its cap equal to that of the invention mentioned above. In this case will be given continuity up to eighty millimeters outside the building (at the back), away from any kind of opening, ending with an elbow 75 to ninety degrees facing below, this entrance will be covered with a fabric of the type stainless mosquito net fastened with stainless clamp.

A concrete mixture should be prepared high temperature resistant using a mixing machine, being the measures of the proportional buckets and the time of mixed for fifteen minutes to achieve a correct dissolution of the materials and a uniform mixture of water, salt, cement, lime, land, sand in the following proportions and order:

1st - Two buckets of Water (adding) 2nd - A quarter of salt bucket (gross) 3rd - Middle cement bucket (Portland) 4th - Two buckets of sand (common shaken) 5th - Two buckets of lime (hydrated) 6th - Two buckets of sand (common shaking) 7th - Three clay buckets (shaken)

A bucket will equal a volume of 10 cubic centimeters.

The coarse plaster inside all buildings, will be composed of a bucket of hydrated lime, if it is off three sand buckets will be estimated, a quarter of a bucket of cement or cement (for the fattening of the mixture the lime).

The mode of use of the system will be the next:

In case of fire, if there is time they will open all the doors and windows, the family group will meet in the environment to be designated designated, the sliding door will be closed outside, then the inner door, the plug will be removed from the socket of oxygen and in case of sighting smoke a container will be taken that have the inscription "mode and application" and the contents of the bag and the liquid in the bottle in the container, stirring with the spatula, for approximately twenty seconds and the mixture will be applied on the slits of the inner door by using the spatula or with your hands, taking into account that the mixture begins to harden in five minutes.

In the event that or to the sink emit bubbles or Gas will be plugged with a towel.

It will wait two to three hours before leaving from the designated environment to be insulated, carefully opening the door, removing the mixture, taking into account that the materials can be hot Finally the mixture and water of the container every three years.

In case the family is absent from the housing should be closed insulation doors, both the inside as outside.

Claims (7)

1. Installation for natural assisted isolation to auto safeguard people in case of fire, in all types of buildings built and to build characterized because it comprises:

-

a primary conduit (1) installed under the street level (2) called " mono omni " configured to act as the main oxygen outlet,

-

pipes (15) connected to the mentioned primary conduit for oxygen transport, allocating a takes for each of the designated environments to be isolated, said pipe being combined for the transport of oxygen with ventilation pipes (21), and exclusive basement ventilation (16), producing a stream of natural oxygen,

-

two Exclusive doors, a blind interior (45) of aluminum metal with Counter frame and double hinge "T" for everyday use, and a door exterior sliding blind with recessed box designed for resist high temperatures, smoke and gases, with implements installed in the environment to insulate designated indispensable for survive, emergency light, towels, sealant, water drinking, an oxygen outlet, a ventilation grill and a plug.

2. Installation for natural assisted isolation to self-safeguard people in case of fire according to claim 1, characterized in that it comprises anti-tampering ducts (72,73) independent of the rest of the installation with side or rear exit of the building, from where said duct begins until the interior of the designated environment to be insulated and which has a plug of precise adjustment with a handle in the center of the cap, the end of each conduit presenting an opening that ends in elbow facing down whose end is covered with stainless steel fabric Mesh fastened with a clamp. 3. Installation for natural assisted isolation to self-protect people in case of fire according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the internal measurement of the oxygen transport pipes (15) including the primary conduit (1) is at least one hundred and eighty square millimeters per person occupying the building. 4. Installation for natural assisted isolation to auto safeguard people in case of fire according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that, the surface of the designated environment to be insulated shall be estimated at at least one hundred seventy thousand square millimeters per person occupying the building. 5. Installation for natural assisted insulation to self-safeguard people in case of fire according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the high temperature mixture to settle masonry and to cover exposed pipes, except the pipes that protrude from the terrace level and the duct primary, it has a proportion of sand: lime: cement: clay: salt: water of 4: 2: 1/2: 3: 1/4: 2. 6. Installation for natural assisted insulation to self-safeguard people in case of fire according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the mixture for the coarse plaster inside the buildings, has a proportion of sand: lime: cement: water of 3 : 1 + 1/4: 1/4: 1/4 to 1/2. 7. Installation for natural assisted insulation to self-safeguard people in case of fire according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the mixture of the sealant material used to seal the interior of the environments to be insulated has the following components in the following proportions 850 grams of clay, 850 grams of common plaster, 850 cubic centimeters of water in which two cubic centimeters of coarse salt dissolves.