ES2240065T3 - DETERGENT PAD. - Google Patents

Abstract

A detergent tablet for use in a washing machine, the tablet having one or more phases at least one of which is in the form of a compressed particulate solid comprising: a) a polymeric disintegrant having a particle size distribution such that at least 90 % by weight thereof has a particle size below about 0.3 mm and at least 30 % by weight thereof has a particle size below about 0.2 mm; and b) a water-soluble hydrated salt having a melting point in the range from about 30 DEG C to about 95 DEG C. The detergent tablets display improved dissolution, strength and long-term storage characteristics.

Description

Detergent tablet

Technical field

The present invention relates to tablets of Detergent. The invention relates in particular to tablets of single phase and multiphase detergent that have a resistance improved, especially in prolonged storage, along with excellent dissolution characteristics.

Background of the invention

Detergent compositions in the form of tablet are known in the art. It is known that the compositions Pill-shaped detergents have some advantages in comparison with detergent compositions in the form of particles, for example, ease of dosing, handling, transport and storage

Detergent tablets are prepared usually by pre-mixing components of a composition detergent and conformation of detergent components previously mixed to obtain a pill using any equipment appropriate, preferably a tablet press. Pills they are typically formed by compression of the components of the detergent composition so that the tablets produced are strong enough to withstand handling and transport without permanent damage. In addition to being strong, the pills also have to dissolve relatively soon to that the detergent components are released into the wash water as soon as possible at the beginning of the wash cycle.

However, there is a dichotomy in the fact that as the compression force is increased, the speed of Dissolution of the pills decreases. Moreover, a force of Low compression improves dissolution at the expense of the resistance of The pill. This problem is compounded by the fact that the conventional tablet compositions have about stability characteristics during prolonged storage relatively low and, to compensate, they have to be manufactured with A more demanding compression specification. For this reason, the The present invention seeks to provide compositions of tablets with improved tablet dissolution characteristics that provide at the same time excellent characteristics of prolonged storage stability in terms of resistance and strength.

Polymeric disintegrants and salts Water-soluble hydrates such as sodium acetate trihydrate are Well known components of the tablet compositions. Without However, it has now been discovered that mixtures of polymeric disintegrants of defined distribution of sizes of particle along with certain hydrosoluble hydrated salts are especially beneficial to improve the behavior of dissolution of detergent tablets, providing excellent weather resistance and strength at same during prolonged storage.

Therefore, the present invention provides single-phase and multi-phase detergent tablets for use in dishwasher, laundry, etc. and that show an improvement of the dissolution, strength and storage characteristics dragged on. The tablet compositions formulated for use in dishwashing machines are especially preferred herein invention.

Summary of the invention

According to a first aspect of the invention, provides a detergent tablet for use in a machine washing machine, the tablet having one or more phases, at least one of the which is as a compressed solid in the form of particles that understands:

to)

a polymeric disintegrant selected from starch, cellulose and derivatives thereof, alginates, sugars, polyvinylpyrrolidones, clays inflatables and mixtures thereof having a distribution of particle size such that at least 90% by weight thereof it has a particle size of less than 0.3 mm and at least 30% in their weight has a particle size of less than 0.2 mm; Y

b)

a hydrosoluble hydrated salt with a solubility in distilled water of at least 25 g / 100 g at 25 ° C, where the detergent tablets contain from 0.5% to 10% by weight of both disintegrant and salt hydrosoluble hydrated.

In preferred embodiments, the disintegrant polymeric has a particle size distribution such that at minus 90% by weight thereof has a particle size less than 0.25 mm and at least 50% by weight thereof has a particle size less than 0.2 mm. What's more, the disintegrants preferred have a particle size distribution such that at least 90% by weight thereof has a particle size greater than 0.05 mm, preferably greater than 0.075 mm.

In general terms the disintegrating agents of pills can be described as materials that improve the dissolution rate of the tablets in the wash solution. The appropriate polymeric disintegrants for use herein invention include polymers that swell in contact with water, as well as those that facilitate the influx and / or the evacuation of water by formation of channels in the detergent tablet. Some polymeric disintegrants suitable for use herein invention can also act as tablet binders, in other words, they act to increase the resistance of the pill and to improve dissolution speed. The disintegrants Polymers for use in the present invention include starch, cellulose and derivatives thereof, alginates, sugars, polyvinylpyrrolidones, inflatable clays and mixtures thereof. Examples of suitable disintegrants include base materials of starch and cellulose such as Arbocel (trade name), Vivapur (trade name) both marketed by Rettenmaier, Nymcel (trade name) marketed by Metsa-serla, burkeite, methylcellulose, hydroxypropylcellulose, carboxymethyl cellulose, crosslinked celluloses such as cross-linked carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC), dextrans, cross-linked polyvinylpyrrolidones. Among these Vivapur is preferred and in particular especially Vivapur G200 (a cellulose microcrystalline with an average particle size of approximately 0.18 mm) from the point of view of the contribution of higher dissolution rate and greater resistance to tablet, as well as excellent stability during storage.

On the other hand, the hydrosoluble hydrated salt is preferably soluble up to at least 40 g / 100 g, more preferably up to at least 60 g / 100 g of distilled water at 25 ° C. In addition, the hydrosoluble hydrated salt preferably has a melting point in the range of 30 ° C to 95 ° C, more preferably 30 ° C to 75 ° C. Preferred hydrosoluble hydrated salts are selected from sodium acetate hydrates, sodium metaborate, sodium orthophosphate, sodium diacid phosphate, disodium acid phosphate, sodium and potassium tartrate, potassium aluminum sulfate, calcium bromide, calcium nitrate , sodium citrate, potassium citrate and mixtures thereof. Especially suitable materials include sodium acetate trihydrate, sodium metaborate trihydrate or octahydrate, sodium orthophosphate dodecahydrate, sodium diacid phosphate dihydrate, dihydrate, heptahydrate or dodecahydrate phosphate disodium, sodium potassium tartrate tetrahydrate, potassium aluminum sulfate dodecahydrate, calcium bromide hexahydrate, tripotassium citrate monohydrate, calcium nitrate tetrahydrate and sodium citrate dihydrate. In preferred embodiments, the water-soluble hydrated salt is selected from monohydrated, dihydrated, trihydrated and water-soluble tetrahydrate salts and mixtures thereof. In the present invention sodium trihydrate acetate, tripotassium citrate monohydrate, mixtures of alkali metal citrates containing at least one potassium ion and mixtures thereof are very preferred. Sodium acetate trihydrate and tripotassium citrate are very preferred
monohydrate

During the preparation of the detergent tablets of the invention, the particulate solid comprising the polymeric disintegrant and the hydrated salt will normally be compressed at a pressure of at least 10 kg / cm 2, preferably at least 40 kg / cm2, more preferably at least 250 kg / cm2 and especially at least 350 kg / cm2. In general, the detergent tablets of the invention contain from 0.5% to 10%, preferably from 0.8% to 5%, more preferably from 1% to 3% by weight of both polymeric disintegrant and hydrated salt.
water soluble.

The detergent tablets of the invention include single phase tablets and multiphase tablets. The multiphase detergent tablets suitable in the present invention will normally comprise a first phase in adhesive contact with one or more second phases (sometimes referred to herein as "optional subsequent phases"). In preferred embodiments, the first phase is a compressed shaped body prepared at an applied compression pressure of at least 250 kg / cm 2, preferably at least 350 kg / cm 2 (3.43 kN / cm 2 or 34.3 MPa), more preferably 400 to 2000 kg / cm 2, and especially 600 to 1200 kg / cm 2 (compression pressure herein is the force applied divided by the cross-sectional area of the tablet in a plane transverse to the force applied, in fact, the cross-sectional area of the rotary press die). On the other hand, the second phase is preferably formed at a compression pressure of less than about 350 kg / cm 2, preferably in the range of 40 kg / cm 2 to 300 kg / cm 2 and more preferably from 70 to 270 kg / cm2. On the other hand, in preferred embodiments the first phase is formed by compression at a pressure higher than that applied to the second phase. In these embodiments the compression pressures applied to the first phase and the second phase will generally be in a ratio of at least 1.2: 1, preferably at least 2: 1, more preferably at least 4: 1. The polymeric disintegrant and hydrated salt defined herein will normally be incorporated as part of the first phase, although they may also be included in the second phase and subsequent phases.
optional

While simple multiphase tablets are devised for use in the present invention, preferred, from the point of view of the optimal integrity characteristics, resistance (measured, for example, by the "resistance" test a child bite "or Child Bite Strength [CBS]) and dissolution, are the multiphase pads that comprise a first phase in form of a shaped body, which has at least one mold inside, and a second phase in the form of a solid in the form of particles compressed within said mold. This type of realization is They are sometimes referred to herein as "mold." The tablets of the invention, mold and other embodiments will have preferably a CBS of at least about 6 kg, preferably greater than about 8 kg, more preferably greater than about 10 kg, especially greater than approximately 12 kg, and more especially greater than approximately 14 kg, measuring CBS according to memory description of the Commission's essay on Product Safety Consumption of the United States.

In the multiphase embodiments of the invention, he also prefers that the first and second phase in the present invention be with each other in a relatively high weight ratio, for example, at least 6: 1, preferably at least 10: 1; and also that the composition of the tablet contains one or more substances active detergents (e.g. enzymes, bleach, bleach activators, bleach catalysts, surfactants, chelating agents, etc.) that are predominantly concentrated in the second phase of the tablet, for example, at least 50%, preferably at least 60%, especially 80% by weight of active substance (based on the total weight of the active substance in The pill). Again, said compositions are optimal for characteristics of resistance, dissolution, cleaning and regulation of pH of the tablet providing, for example, compositions of tablet capable of dissolving in the washing solution and of supply at least 50%, preferably at least 60% and more preferably at least 80% by weight of the active substance of the detergent to the wash solution at 10, 5, 4 or even 3 minutes from the beginning of the washing process.

The compositions in the present invention preferably include an effervescent agent, with preferred use said agents together with polymeric disintegrant and salt water soluble from the perspective of an optimal contribution of dissolution characteristics and resistance to the tablet.

Therefore, according to another embodiment of the invention the detergent tablet further comprises an agent effervescent.

Detailed description of the invention

An objective of the present invention is provide a detergent tablet that is not only strong enough to withstand handling and transport, but also that at least a considerable part of it dissolve quickly in the wash water by supplying immediately The detergent active substance. It is preferred that at least one phase of the tablet dissolves in the wash water in the first ten minutes, preferably in the five minutes, more preferably in four minutes of the washing cycle of a dishwasher or A laundry machine. Preferably the washing machine It is a dishwashing machine or a laundry machine. He dissolution time of the multiphase tablet or a phase of the same or a component of detergent active substance is determined according to DIN 44990 using a dishwashing machine marketed by Bosch in the normal wash program at 65ºC with a water of hardness 18ºH using a minimum of six repetitions or a sufficient number of these to guarantee the reproducibility

The detergent tablets of the present invention comprise a first phase and, in the embodiments of multiphase pads, also comprise a second phase and phases subsequent optional. The first phase is in the form of a body forming a detergent composition comprising one or more detergent components as described below. Besides of polymeric disintegrant and hydrated salt defined herein memory, the preferred detergent components of the first phase include other additive detergent builder components, bleaches, enzymes, effervescent agents and surfactant. The components of the detergent composition are mixed together, by example mixing dry components or liquid components sprayable. The components are then formed in a first phase using any appropriate compression equipment but, preferably, a tablet press.

In mold embodiments the first phase is elaborated so that it comprises at least one mold on the body surface conformed. In a preferred embodiment the mold is created using a specially designed tablet press, in which the surface of the punch that comes into contact with the composition detergent is shaped so that upon contact and pressing the detergent composition creates a mold by pressure, or multiple molds in the first phase of the multiphase tablet Detergent. Preferably, the mold will have an internal surface concave or basically concave to provide improved adhesion to The second phase

The tablets of the invention may also include one or more additional phases prepared from a composition or compositions comprising one or more detergent components as described below. At least one phase (referred to herein as the second phase) preferably takes the form of a solid in the form of particles (the term encompasses powders, granules, agglomerates and other solids in the form of particles including mixtures thereof with liquid, solid binders fuses, sprayable materials, etc.) compressed as a layer or inside / inside the mold or molds of the first phase of the detergent tablet, so that the second phase itself adopts the shape of a shaped body. Preferred detergent components include detergency builder additives, colorants, binders, surfactants, effervescent agents and enzymes, in particular amylase enzymes and protease. Suitable effervescent agents are those that produce a gas, especially oxygen, nitrogen dioxide or carbon dioxide, in contact with water. Examples of suitable effervescent agents include perborates, percarbonates, carbonates, bicarbonates together with inorganic acids such as sulfamic acid and / or carboxylic acids such as citric acid, malic acid and maleic acid and mixtures thereof.
same.

The components of the detergent composition are mix with each other by, for example, pre-mixing of components dried and mixed liquid components, preferably by spray. The components of the second phase and the phases subsequent options are then compressed to form a or several layers or are fed to the mold provided by the first phase and are retained inside.

Preferred mold embodiments of the present invention comprise two phases; A first phase and a second phase. The first phase will normally comprise a mold and the second phase it will normally consist of a single active substance composition Detergent. However, it is planned that the first phase may comprise more than one mold and that the second phase can be prepared to from more than one detergent active substance composition. In addition, it is also planned that the second phase may include more than one composition of detergent active substance contained Inside a mold It is also planned that several compositions of detergent active substance are contained in separate molds. In this way potentially detergent components can be separated chemically sensitive to prevent any loss of performance due to the reaction between components, which could be deactivated or sold out.

In a preferred aspect of the present invention the first phase, the second phase and / or the subsequent phases optional may additionally comprise a non-binder disintegrant, that is, a material that increases the resistance of the tablet without increasing the dissolution rate of the tablet. The Preferred non-disintegrating binders are selected from glycols of polyethylene and / or polypropylene, for example, glycols of polyethylene and / or polypropylene with an average molecular weight of about 1000 to about 12000, especially those of molecular weight 4000, 6000 and 9000. Non-disintegrating binders of polyethylene glycol are very preferred in the present invention.

In a preferred aspect of the present invention The first phase weighs more than 4 g. More preferably the first phase weighs from 10 g to 30 g, even more preferably from 15 g to 25 g and with maximum preference from 18 g to 24 g. The second phase and the phases Subsequent options weigh less than 4 g. More preferably the second phase and / or subsequent optional phases weigh between 1 g and 3.5 g, most preferably from 1.3 g to 2.5 g.

Detergent tablets are prepared using any suitable tablet manufacturing equipment. Preferably, the multiphase tablets in the present invention will be they prepare by compression in a tablet press capable of Prepare a pill that includes a mold. In one embodiment Especially preferred of the present invention the first phase is Prepare using a specially designed tablet press. The punches of this tablet press are modified to that the surface of the punch that comes into contact with the Detergent composition has a convex surface.

A first detergent composition, including the polymeric disintegrant and hydrated salt, as defined by the This report is fed to the press matrix to pills and the punch is lowered until it comes into contact and compresses the detergent composition to form a first phase. The first detergent composition is compressed by applying a pressure of at least 250 kg / cm2, preferably 350 to 2000 kg / cm2, more preferably from 500 to 1500 kg / cm2, most preferably 600 to 1200 kg / cm2. Then the punch is raised, remaining exposed the first phase that contains a mold. Then you feeds a second detergent composition into the mold and optional subsequent detergent compositions. The punch of the specially designed tablet press is lowered then for the second time to slightly compress the second composition detergent and subsequent detergent compositions optional to form the second phase and subsequent optional phases. In another embodiment of the present invention, in which there is present an optional subsequent phase, the optional subsequent phase is prepares at a basically similar subsequent compression stage to the second compression stage described above. The second detergent composition and subsequent detergent compositions optional are compressed at a pressure of preferably less than 350 kg / cm2, more preferably 40 to 300 kg / cm2, with highest preference of 70 to 270 kg / cm2. After compression of the second detergent composition the punch is raised a second time and the multiphase detergent tablet is ejected out of the tablet press Similarly pills can be prepared simple and multilayer tablets without molds, but using for Pills a flat surface punch.

The detergent tablets of the invention are they prepare by compression of one or more compositions comprising components of detergent active substance. Suitably, the compositions may include a variety of detergent components distinct including additive compounds reinforcing the detergency, surfactants, enzymes, bleaching agents, sources alkalinity, dyes, perfume, calcareous soap dispersants, organic polymeric compounds including polymeric agents dye transfer inhibitors, inhibitors of crystal growth, heavy metal ion sequestrants, metal ion salts, enzyme stabilizers, inhibitors of corrosion, suds suppressors, solvents, agents fabric softeners, optical brighteners and hydrotropes. In successively, the proportions of these active substance components they are expressed by weight of the corresponding component composition of detergent active substance, unless otherwise specified mode.

In multiphase tablets, the components Very preferred first phase detergents include a compound detergency builder additive, a surfactant, an enzyme and a bleaching agent. The most preferred detergent components of the second phase include detergency builder additive, Enzymes and a disruptive agent.

Suitable detergency builder additives for use in the present invention include water soluble builder builders such as citrates, carbonates and polyphosphates, e.g. e.g., sodium tripolyphosphate and sodium tripolyphosphate hexahydrate and partially water-soluble or insoluble detergency builders such as lamellar crystalline silicates (EP-A-0164514 and EP-A-0293640) and the aluminosilicates included in zeolites A, B, P, X, HS and MAP. The detergent builder is typically present at a level of about 1% to about 80% by weight, preferably from about 10% to about 70% by weight, most preferably from about 20% to about 60% by weight. of the
composition.

They can also be used in the present invention. amorphous sodium silicates having a SiO2 ratio: Na2O from 1.8 to 3.0, preferably from 1.8 to 2.4, most preferably 2.0, although from the standpoint of stability during the long-term storage compositions are very preferred containing less than about 22%, preferably less than approximately 15% total silicate (amorphous and crystalline).

Suitable surfactants herein invention include anionic surfactants such as alkyl sulfates, alkyl ether sulfates, alkylbenzenesulfonates, alkyl glyceryl sulfonates, alkyl sulfonates and alkenyl sulfonates, alkylethoxycarboxylates, N-acylsarcosinates, N-acyl restaurants and alkylsuccinates and sulphosuccinates, in which the alkyl, alkenyl or acyl moiety is C 5 -C 20, preferably C 10 -C 18 linear or branched; surfactants cationic as choline esters (US-A-4228042, US-A-4239660 and US-A-4260529) and surfactants N-monoalkyl or monoalkenyl C_ {6} -C_ {16} of ammonium, in which the rest of N positions are substituted by methyl, hydroxyethyl or hydroxypropyl; non-ionic cloud point surfactants low and high and mixtures thereof including non-surfactants alkoxylated ionics (especially alcohol derived ethoxylates C 6 -C 18 primary), alcohols ethoxylated-propoxylated (e.g., Poly-Tergent® SLF18 from Olin Corporation), alcohols poly (oxyalkylated) with epoxy-protected terminal groups (e.g. e.g., Poly-Tergent® SLF18B from Olin Corporation, see WO-A-94/22800), poly (oxyalkylated) alcohol surfactants with groups ether protected terminals, and polymeric block compounds polyoxyethylene-polyoxypropylene as PLURONIC®, REVERSED PLURONIC® and TETRONIC® by BASF-Wyandotte Corp., Wyandotte, Michigan; amphoteric surfactants such as oxides of amine and alkyl-amphocarboxylic surfactants as Miranol ™ C2M; and hybrid ion surfactants such as betaines and sultains; and mixtures thereof. Surfactants suitable herein are described, for example, in the US-A-3,929,678, US-A-4,259,217, EP-A-0414 549, the document WO-A-93/08876 and the document WO-A-93/08874. Surfactants are typically present at a level of approximately 0.2% at about 30% by weight, more preferably about 0.5% to about 10% by weight, most preferably about 1% to about 5% by weight of the composition. In the preferred dishwashing aspect of the invention, the surfactant concentration is generally about 1% at about 5% by weight of the composition.

Suitable enzymes in the present invention include cellulases of bacterial and fungal origin such as Carezyme and Celluzyme (Novo Nordisk A / S); peroxidases; lipases like Amano-P (Amano Pharmaceutical Co.), M1 Lipase R and Lipomax R (Gist-Brocades) and Lipolase R and Lipolase Ultra R (Novo); cutinases; proteases like Expect R, Alcalase R, Durazym R and Savinase R (Novo) and Maxatase R, Maxacal R, Properase R and Maxapem R (Gist-Brocades); and? and? amylases such as Purafect Ox Am R (Genencor) and Termamyl R, Ban R, Fungamyl R, Duramyl R, and Natalase R (Novo); Y mixtures thereof. Enzymes are preferably added in the present invention in the form of pellets, granules or cogranulates to levels typically in the range of approximately 0.0001% to approximately 2% pure enzyme by weight of the composition.

Suitable bleaching agents in the This report includes chlorinated bleaches and bleaches oxygen releasers, especially perhydrated salts inorganic, such as sodium perborate monohydrate and tetrahydrate and sodium percarbonate optionally coated to provide a controlled release rate (see, for example, sulfate / carbonate coatings in the application GB-A-1466799), peroxyacids preformed organic and mixtures thereof with precursors of organic bleaching peroxyacid and / or bleaching catalysts that They contain transition metals (especially manganese or cobalt). Inorganic perhydrated salts are typically incorporated into levels in the range of about 1% to about 40% by weight, preferably from about 2% to about 30% by weight and more preferably about 5% at approximately 25% by weight of the composition. The precursors of Preferred bleaching peroxyacid for use in the present invention include perbenzoic acid and perbenzoic acid precursors replaced; cationic peroxyacid precursors; precursors of peracetic acid, such as TAED, sodium acetoxybenzene sulfonate and pentaacetylglucose; pernonanoic acid precursors, such as Sodium 3,5,5-trimethylhexanoyloxybenzene sulfonate (iso-NOBS) and sodium nonanoyloxybenzene sulfonate (NOBS); amide substituted alkyl peroxyacid precursors (EP-A-0170386) and precursors of benzoxazine peroxyacid (EP-A-0332294 and EP-A-0482807). The precursors of bleach are typically incorporated at levels in the range from about 0.5% to about 25%, preferably from about 1% to about 10% by weight of composition, while the preformed organic peroxyacids themselves are typically incorporate levels in the range of 0.5% to 25% by weight, more preferably from 1% to 10% by weight of the composition. Preferred bleaching catalysts for use herein invention include manganese triazacyclononane and complexes related (US-A-4246612, US-A-5227084); bispyridylamine from Co, Cu, Mn and Fe and related complexes (US-A-5114611) and pentamine cobalt (III) acetate and related complexes (US-A-4810410).

Other suitable components herein invention include organic polymers having properties dispersants, anti-redeposition, dirt release or other detergency properties at levels of approximately 0.1% at about 30%, preferably about 0.5% at about 15% and most preferably about 1% at approximately 10%, by weight of the composition. Polymers Preferred anti-redeposition in the present invention include the polymers containing acrylic acid, such as Sokalan PA30, PA20, PA15, PA10 and Sokalan CP10 (BASF GmbH), Acusol 45N, 480N, 460N (Rohm and Haas), acrylic acid / maleic acid copolymers, such such as Sokalan CP5, and acrylic / methacrylic copolymers. The preferred soil release polymers in the Present invention include alkyl celluloses and hydroxyalkyl celluloses (US-A-4,000,093), polyoxyethylene, polyoxypropylenes and copolymers thereof, and polymers not ionic and anionic based on terephthalate esters of ethylene glycol, propylene glycol and mixtures thereof.

Heavy metal sequestrants and crystal growth inhibitors are suitable for use in the present invention at levels generally of about 0.005% to about 20%, preferably about 0.1% to about 10%, more preferably about 0.25% to approximately 7.5% and most preferably about 0.5% to about 5%, by weight of the composition, for example, diethylenetriamine penta (methylene phosphonate), ethylenediamine tetra (methylene phosphonate) hexamethylenediamine tetra (methylene phosphonate), ethylenediphosphonate, hydroxy-ethylene-1,1-diphosphonate, nitrilotriacetate, ethylenediaminetetracetate, ethylenediamino-N, N'-disuccinate in its salt and free acid forms

The compositions of the present invention, especially for use in dishwashing, they may contain a corrosion inhibitor as organic coating agents of silver at levels of about 0.05% to about 10%, preferably from about 0.1% to about 5% by weight of composition (especially paraffins such as Winog 70 marketed by Wintershall, Salzbergen, Germany), compounds that inhibit corrosion containing nitrogen (for example benzotriazoles and benzoimidazoles, see GB-A-1137741) and Mn (II) compounds, particularly Mn (II) salts of organic ligands at levels of approximately 0.005% at about 5%, preferably about 0.01% at about 1%, more preferably about 0.02% at about 0.4% by weight of the composition.

Other suitable components herein invention include dyes, water-soluble bismuth compounds such as bismuth acetate and bismuth citrate at levels of about 0.01% to about 5%, enzyme stabilizers such as calcium ion, boric acid, propylene glycol and eliminators of chlorinated bleaching agent at levels of approximately 0.01% at approximately 6%, calcareous soap dispersants (see document WO-A-93/08877), suppressors of soaps (see document WO-93/08876 and EP-A-0705324), polymeric agents dye transfer inhibitors, brighteners optical, perfumes, fillers and fabric softeners of clay type and cationic type

Detergent components suitable for use in the present invention they are described in greater detail in the Appendix of the description (Ref: ADW1L).

The detergent tablets of the present invention are preferably formulated to have a pH not excessively high, preferably a pH in 1% solution in water distilled from about 8.0 to about 12.5, more preferably from about 9.0 to about 11.8, with highest preference of about 9.5 to about 11.5

A preferred method of dishwashing a machine comprises treating selected stained earthenware items, glass, silver, metal objects, cutlery and mixtures of the same with an aqueous liquid having dissolved or added in it an effective amount of the compositions described herein memory. Effective quantity means from 8 g to 60 g of product dissolved or dispersed in a wash solution of 3 to 10 liters of volume, according to the typical product dosages and volumes of wash solution commonly used in conventional machine dishwashing methods. Preferably, the detergent tablets have a weight of 15 g at 40 g, more preferably from 20 g to 35 g weight.

Methods of washing machine clothes in the present invention typically comprise treating dirty clothes with an aqueous solution in a washing machine having dissolved or added to it an effective amount of the compositions described in This memory. By effective amount is meant from 40 g to 300 g of product dissolved or dispersed in a wash solution of 5 to 65 liters of volume, according to the typical dosages of product and volumes of washing solution commonly used in conventional machine wash methods.

In an aspect of preferred use in the method of Washing a dispensing device is used. The device Dispenser is loaded with detergent product and used to Introduce the product directly into the drum of the washing machine before the wash cycle begins. Your capacity should be such that it can contain enough detergent product like the one It is normally used in the washing method.

To allow the release of the detergent product during washing, the device may have several openings through which the product can pass. Alternatively, the device may be made of a material that is permeable to liquid but impervious to solid product, which allows the release of the dissolved product. Preferably, the detergent product will be rapidly released at the beginning of the washing cycle, thus providing high transient local concentrations of product in the washer drum at this stage of the washing cycle.
washed.

Preferred dispensing devices are reusable and are designed in such a way that the integrity of the container both in the dry state and during the cycle washing

Alternatively, the dispensing device It can be a flexible container, such as a sack or bag. The bag it can be of fibrous structure covered with a protective material waterproof to retain the contents, such as the one described in EP-A-0018678. So alternative may be formed of a synthetic polymeric material insoluble in water provided with a joint or closure at the edge designed to break into aqueous medium as described in EP-A-0011500, EP-A-0011501, EP-A-0011502 and EP-A-0011968. A useful way of Water-frangible closure comprises a water-soluble adhesive sealant arranged along an edge of a bag formed by a water-impermeable polymeric film such as polyethylene or Polypropylene.

Examples Abbreviations used in the examples

In detergent compositions, the component abbreviations have the meanings following:

STPP

: Sodium Tripolyphosphate

Baking soda

: Sodium hydrogen carbonate

Citric acid

: Anhydrous citric acid

Carbonate

: Anhydrous sodium carbonate

Citrate

: Tripotassium citrate monohydrate

Silicate

: Amorphous Sodium Silicate (Quotient SiO 2: Na 2 O = 2.0)

SKS-6

: Crystalline laminar silicate of formula δ-Na_ {2} Si_ {2} O_ {2}

PB1

: Anhydrous sodium perborate monohydrate

Nonionic

: C 13 -C 15 fatty alcohol mixed ethoxylated / propoxylated with an average degree of ethoxylation of 3.8 and an average degree of propoxylation of {} \} {4,5}, marketed under the registered trademark Plurafac by BASF

TAED

: Tetraacetyl ethylenediamine

HEDP

: Acid ethane-1-hydroxy-1,1-diphosphonic

PAAC

: Cobalt pentaamine acetate salt (III)

Paraffin

: Paraffin oil marketed under the name Winog 70 by Wintershall.

Protease

: Proteolytic Enzyme

Amylase

: Amylolytic enzyme.

BTA

: Benzotriazol

Sulfate

: Anhydrous sodium sulfate.

Triacetate

: Sodium Acetate Trihydrate

Vivapur G200

: Microcrystalline cellulose with an average size of 0.18 mm particle

PEG 400

: Molecular Weight Polyethylene Glycol approximately 400 marketed by Hoechst

PEG 4000

: Molecular Weight Polyethylene Glycol approximately 4000 marketed by Hoechst

In the following examples all concentrations are expressed as parts by weight:

Examples I-VI

The following examples illustrate tablets of detergent of the present invention suitable for use in a dishwashing machine

one

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The compositions of the tablet are prepared as follows. The detergent active substance composition of phase 1 is prepared by mixing the granulated and liquid components and then passed to the matrix of a conventional rotary press. The press includes a punch of the proper shape to form a mold. The cross section of the press is approximately 30x38 mm. The composition is then subjected to a compression force of 940 kg / cm2 and then the punch is raised leaving the first phase of the tablet containing the mold on its upper surface exposed. The detergent active substance composition of phase 2 is similarly prepared and passed to the matrix. The active substance composition in the form of particles is then subjected to a compression force of 170 kg / cm2, the punch is raised and the multiphase tablet is ejected from the tablet press. The tablets obtained demonstrate improved dissolution, resistance and storage characteristics.
dragged on.

Examples VII-XII

The following examples better illustrate the detergent tablets of the present invention suitable for use in a dishwashing machine.

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3

4

The compositions of the tablet are prepared as those of examples I to VI. The pills obtained prove to have improved dissolution, resistance and prolonged storage

Claims (14)

1. A detergent tablet for use in a washing machine, the tablet having one or several phases at least one of which is as a solid in the form of compressed particles which includes:

to)

a polymeric disintegrant selected from starch, cellulose and derivatives thereof, alginates, sugars, polyvinylpyrrolidones, clays inflatables and mixtures thereof having a distribution of particle size such that at least 90% by weight thereof they have a particle size of less than 0.3 mm and at least 30% in Their weight has a particle size of less than 0.2 mm; Y

b)

a hydrosoluble hydrated salt that has a water solubility distilled at least 25 g / 100 g at 25 ° C, where the tablets detergent contain 0.5% to 10% by weight of both disintegrant polymeric as hydrosoluble hydrated salt.

2. A detergent tablet according to the claim 1, wherein the polymeric disintegrant has a particle size distribution such that at least 90% by weight of they have a particle size of less than 0.25 mm and at minus 50% by weight of them have a particle size less than 0.2 mm. 3. A detergent tablet according to claims 1 or 2, wherein the polymeric disintegrant has a particle size distribution such that at least 90% in Their weight has a particle size greater than 0.05 mm, preferably greater than 0.075 mm. 4. A detergent tablet according to any of claims 1 to 3 further comprising an agent effervescent. 5. A detergent tablet according to any of claims 1 to 4, wherein the hydrosoluble hydrated salt is selected from sodium acetate hydrates, sodium metaborate, sodium orthophosphate, sodium diacid phosphate, acid phosphate disodium, potassium and sodium tartrate, potassium sulfate and aluminum, calcium bromide, calcium nitrate, sodium citrate, potassium citrate and mixtures thereof. 6. A detergent tablet according to any of claims 1 to 5, wherein the hydrosoluble hydrated salt is selected from monohydrated, dihydrated water-soluble salts, trihydrates and tetrahydrates and mixtures thereof. 7. A detergent tablet according to any of claims 1 to 6, wherein the hydrosoluble hydrated salt It has a melting point in the range of 30 ° C to 95 ° C. 8. A detergent tablet according to any of claims 1 to 7, wherein the hydrosoluble hydrated salt It has a melting point in the range of 30 ° C to 75 ° C. 9. A detergent tablet according to any of claims 1 to 8, containing from 0.5% to 10% by weight both of the polymeric disintegrant as of hydrosoluble hydrated salt. 10. A detergent tablet according to any of claims 1 to 9, which has a bite resistance infantile (CBS) of at least 6 kg, preferably greater than 14 kg 11. A detergent tablet according to any of claims 1 to 10, wherein the solid in the form of particles are compressed at a pressure of at least 40 kg / cm2, preferably of at least 250 kg / cm2, more preferably of at least 350 kg / cm2. 12. A detergent tablet according to any of claims 1 to 11, the tablet comprising Detergent

to)

a first phase in the form of a shaped body that has at least one mold inside; Y

b)

a second phase in the form of compressed particulate solid within said mold.

13. A detergent tablet according to any of claims 1 to 12, wherein the second phase is compresses at a pressure of less than 350 kg / cm2. 14. A detergent tablet according to claims 11 or 13, wherein the first phase is compressed to a pressure of at least 350 kg / cm2.