ES2239229T3 - APPARATUS AND METHOD FOR WEARING THE SURFACE OF COLADOS CONCRETE BLOCKS. - Google Patents

Abstract

An apparatus (10, 10A, 10B, 10C, 10D) and method for roughing surfaces and edges (C') of concrete casted blocks (C), comprising a block support surface (12) having a plurality of surface sections (17, 18, 19, 20). A first (17, 18, 19) of the surface sections has a rear end (17R, 18R, 19R) thereof above an adjacent front end (18F, 19F, 20F) of a second (18, 19, 20) of the surface sections to create a ledge (L) for projecting a leading edge portion (C') of concrete blocks (C) conveyed over the first surface section (17, 18, 19). A first roughing device (30, 40, 50) has a plurality of impacting elements (34, 44, 54) thereon for roughing concrete blocks (C). The first roughing device (30, 40, 50) is disposed generally above the rear end (17R, 18R, 19R) of the first surface section (17, 18, 19) for abrading a projecting leading edge portion (C') of each concrete block (C) as they are conveyed over the rear end (17R, 18R, 19R). A conveyor (60) displaces concrete blocks (C) over the first (17, 18, 19) and second (18, 19, 20) surface sections, the blocks (C) being tilted when reaching a predetermined position over the ledge (L) to avoid being abraded by the roughing device (30, 40, 50).

Description

Apparatus and method for roughing the surface of cast concrete blocks.

Technical field

The present invention relates to manufacturing of cast concrete blocks and, more particularly, to an apparatus and to a method for roughing blocks in order to Provide them with a worn or rough look.

Prior art

The concrete block casting industry It is well developed and highly automated in its procedural operations for the manufacture of blocks of Conventional and similar rectangular concrete. The blocks castings have a rectangular prism configuration geometrically uniform, in which the surfaces thereof are substantially flat, so that adjacent surfaces They are bounded by sharp or sharp edges.

The treatment of concrete blocks to get a rough or uneven appearance, more natural. As it is known that authentic stone blocks have rounded edges and irregularly shaped surfaces have been provided systems in order to produce such an effect on cast concrete blocks. However, the equipment used to treat these blocks has been incompatible with the fully automated handling equipment used in the other operations of the block production process concrete. A substantial amount of manual labor is inherent and high costs to block slab systems that are They use today.

For example, a known method consists of arrange the cast blocks in large rotating drums of roughing. These rotating roughing drums are spun around its longitudinal axes so that the blocks concrete turn or tip inside and collide so They are damaged. This method, although it produces an aspect generally satisfactory, carries substantial costs due to irreparable damage to the concrete blocks. Some blocks are damaged to the point that they can no longer be used and therefore discarded or recycled. Also some concrete block configurations may contain blocks of different sizes, and these have to be classified and assembled, which consumes a lot of time. Also, if any particular block of the configuration blocks are destroyed to a greater extent than other blocks, then often the other blocks are no longer of utility, since a certain relationship or proportion between the blocks. By its very nature, the drum Rough swivel requires frequent repairs. In addition, the personnel used for these purposes must face a noisy environment as a result of the flipping action, and are frequent injuries due to operations and handling dangerous that they require. It is difficult to maintain a stable work team for this job.

US Patent No. 5,133,915, issued July 28, 1992 to Metten et al ., Describes a surface on which a plurality of concrete blocks are disposed in relative positions separated from each other. A roller brush moves over the surfaces of the concrete blocks in an reciprocating or reciprocating motion, thereby stripping and roughing the surface of the concrete blocks. While this method provides substantial advantages over the rotary drum method described above, it requires that the concrete blocks be separated from each other so that their sharp edges are treated. Otherwise, only the upper surface will be subjected to abrasion or removal of material. In addition, the brush type roller provides a relatively uniform abrasion of the concrete blocks, which is not a desired result for use in pavement blocks. Finally, since the concrete blocks are separated from each other, the brush can only hit them at a certain speed so as not to displace them. If they are displaced, they may end up in full contact with each other, so that only the upper surfaces will be subjected to abrasion, leaving the sharp edges of the block intact. These blocks are usually treated before the concrete solidifies or sets. This patent may not provide the desired result of producing a rough and irregular appearance in the concrete blocks.

Referring then to the Patent No. 4,147,491, an apparatus for form a simulated old brick. The device consists of split a soft clay ingot in order to form bricks rectangular. These bricks are passed in a sequence final, under rollers that have peripheral flanges equipped with opposing textures, in order to impart with it a form repetitive to clay to simulate an old brick. This form only conferred along opposite longitudinal edges of one of the faces of the soft clay bricks. The Bricks are tilted under associated rollers, and the reason why the one that the alternate rollers are made to swing is to provide I accommodate the printing rollers.

Description of the invention

It is a feature of the present invention the providing a device and method of roughing a block of concrete, which substantially overcome the disadvantages of prior art mentioned above.

According to the above characteristics, from a broad point of view, the present invention provides an apparatus for roughing at least one of the surfaces and one of the edges of solid concrete cast blocks. The device comprises a block support surface that has at least Two surface sections. At least one first is provided roughing device having a plurality of elements of impact on it, in order to rough concrete blocks. Be they provide means of transport for the displacement of Concrete blocks on the surface sections. The device It is characterized by the fact that the surface sections have an edge straight front and a rear end edge, arranged parallel to each other and that extend across the width of a travel path of a plurality of the blocks that They are being transported in relative positions side by side. A first of the surface sections has the edge of rear end thereof disposed above an edge of adjacent front end of a second of said sections of surface, in order to create a ledge or shelf to protrude of it a leading edge portion of the concrete blocks transported on the first surface section. The first roughing device is arranged at a distance default above block support surfaces and generally above the rear end of the first surface section, in order to rough up cast blocks of concrete in a non-uniform manner, by way of an edge portion protruding front of each of the concrete blocks castings, as they are transported over the end rear. The cast blocks become tilted when they reach a default position on the shelf, so that they fall on a second of the two surface sections, by the edges previous straight of the same.

According to an additional broad aspect of the present invention, a method for roughing is provided portions of solid concrete cast blocks. The method is characterized by the stages of transporting a plurality of blocks concrete castings with the use of means of transport, such so that the blocks are arranged in relative positions of side-by-side alignment on a support surface of blocks, arranged parallel to each other. At least one section of the support surface is inclined in order to create a ledge or ledge on the rear end edge, which extends to through a panel path of the plurality of cast blocks of concrete, in relative positions side by side, so that a leading edge of the building blocks protrudes on the shelf concrete transported. At least one device has been provided of roughing, which has a plurality of impact elements in it and has been set at a predetermined distance by above the block support surface, forward with with respect to the rear end edge. Edge portions front of the concrete blocks found in relative positions side by side, are impacted by the roughing device as projected or excelled  on the ledge by the means of transport. The blocks are tilt facts when they reach a predetermined position on the shelf.

Brief description of the drawings

An embodiment will be described below. preferred of the present invention, as illustrated by examples thereof, with reference to the drawings that are accompany, in which:

Figure 1 is a perspective view of a apparatus for roughing concrete blocks, according to the present invention;

Figure 2 is an elevational and enlarged view of sloping or inclined support panels and a tool roughing according to the present invention;

Figure 3 is a perspective view and augmented by one embodiment of the roughing tool;

Figure 4 is a top plan view, simplified and schematic, of a series of devices for roughing of concrete blocks;

Figure 5 is a side elevation view and augmented by another embodiment of the apparatus for roughing blocks of concrete of the present invention; Y

Figure 6 is a side elevation view and increased from yet another embodiment of the roughing apparatus Concrete blocks of the present invention.

Way of carrying out the invention

According to the drawings and, more particularly, with Figure 1, it is generally shown with the numerical reference 10 an apparatus for roughing concrete blocks (i.e. bricks, stones or paving slabs, retention blocks of walls, masonry stones or ashlars). The apparatus 10 comprises a table 11 having an upper surface 12, a front end 13, a rear end 14 and side faces 15 and 16. The upper surface 12 is defined by rectangular honeycombs 17, 18, 19 and 20. It can be seen that the rectangular panel 17 is in the front end 13 of the table 11, while the panel rectangular 20 is at the rear end 14 thereof.

Rectangular panels 17, 18 and 19 are they find, each of them, secured to table 11 in a slope or inclined position with respect to the horizontal, of such that each of the rectangular panels 17 and 18 has its front face edge in a lower position than its face edge rear The rectangular panel 19 is flat on the table for reasons that will be discussed later. Consequently, as is see in Figure 1, a rear face edge 17R of the panel rectangular 17 is offset vertically with respect to the adjacent front face edge 18F of the rectangular panel 18, of so that it is above it to create a ledge L. It stresses that there is a similar relationship between face edges front and back side of rectangular panels 18 and 19. It also highlights that rectangular panel 20 is substantially horizontal and is in relative position contained in a same plane with respect to rectangular panel 19. If face edge Rear 20R represents the rear end 14 of table 11. Also, the present invention is not limited to four panels. rectangular, since the table 11 could be formed by less or more than four rectangular panels. In addition, the successive panels rectangular, cascaded, could be found, each of them, in a horizontal position instead of in a position in pending, with a decrease or decrease in position vertical from the front end 14 of the table 11 towards the end rear 15 of it, so that, again, there are relative positions in cascade between panels rectangular.

Support posts 25A and 25B protrude towards up from the side faces 15 and 16, respectively, of the table 11, on opposite sides of the joint between the panels rectangular 17 and 18. Similar support posts 26A and 26B, and 27A and 27B, extend upward on opposite sides of the joints between rectangular panels 18 and 19, and panels rectangular 19 and 20, respectively.

Each of the support posts has, in a upper end thereof, a through hole that has a pad or plain bearing inside (not shown). The posts support 25A and 25B support a roughing tool 30 per middle of its plain bearings. The roughing tool 30 is composed of a pair of disks 31A and 31B, associated or joined together removable or removable by means of support bars 32. A tree drive 33A is secured to disk 31A, while the another 31B disc is attached to a crazy tree and free to spin (no shown), articulated by bearing at the upper end of the support post 25A. There is a plurality of sections or sections of chain links 34 secured to the support bars 32, the  which are composed of at least two chain links in loop, interconnected or linked together. The support bars 32 they extend through an end loop of each section 34 of chain links By rotating the roughing tool 30 on its longitudinal axis, sections 34 of chain links impact on predetermined areas of concrete blocks C arranged on table 11, as will be described later. The roughing tool 30 is rotated by means of a motor M1, connected to drive shaft 33A by means of a belt assembly B1 and pulley P1. The M1 engine can consist of a variable speed electric motor.

Roughing tools 40 and 50 generally identical they are articulated by bearing between support posts 26A and 26B, and 27A and 27B, respectively. The roughing tools 40 and 50 comprise the same elements as the roughing tool 30. In Consequently, roughing tools 40 and 50 will not be described. However, when referring to Figure 1, similar elements will be related by having the same last digits For example, disks 31A and 31B for roughing tool 30 are generally identical to the discs 41A and 41B of the roughing tool 40. Similarly, the 51A and 51B discs of the roughing tool 50 are generally identical to disks 31A and 31B of the roughing tool 30. However, for clarity purposes, the engines are not shown and belt / pulley assemblies that drive the tools of roughing 40 and 50.

The slope or slope of the rectangular panels 17 and 18, under which they are located cascading, allows certain given portions of the blocks of concrete C arranged on top surface 12 of the table 11, are exposed to sections 34 and 44 of chain links of roughing tools 30 and 40, respectively, during their displacement on the panels and, specifically, on the shelves As best seen in Figure 2, the configuration of the rectangular panel 17 with respect to panel 18 only allows an edge C 'of a concrete block is exposed, so that impact sections 34 of chain links, as is this transported by the conveyor bars 65 on the Ledge L. When projected or protruded, the underside of the concrete block C on shelf L, block C will swing towards below and will fall on the rectangular panel 18, and its surface upper will avoid sections 34 of chain links. According the concrete block C advances further on the table 11, it continues to avoid contact with sections 34 of links in chain, until this one is made stand out again on the Next shelf. The roughing tools 30, 40 and 50 can be strategically placed with respect to table 11, with the so that they undergo abrasion or removal of certain material predetermined portions of the concrete blocks C.

Consequently, the pending configuration of the rectangular panels 17 and 18 make it possible that only the exposed edge portions of the concrete blocks C are rough. In the embodiment shown, they have been provided three roughing tools in order to treat the blocks of C concrete arranged on them for various purposes. The roughing tool 30 is positioned so that it hits the exposed edges C 'of the concrete blocks C, such that conduct a rude treatment of them and extract larger fragments of material. The roughing tool 40 is positioned so that it treats the edges of the C blocks up to Get a smoother finish. As can be seen, the panel rectangular 19 is flat, and roughing tool 50 is positioned in such a way that the surface is removed from material upper C '' of blocks C.

The roughing tools 30, 40 and 50 are driven by a variable speed motor (not shown) and they can, in this way, spin at various speeds with the in order to impact concrete blocks C with various forces. They can also be operated independently. How I know see in Figure 3, a bolt B and nuts N have been added an end chain link of a section 34 of links of string, so that a random configuration is provided to concrete blocks C with the beating of them.

Going back to Figure 1, the apparatus 10 is provided with a conveyor 60 intended to move concrete blocks C on panels 17, 18, 19 and 20. The conveyor 60 comprises a pair of chain loops 61A and 61B, adjacent to the side faces 15 and 16, respectively, of the table 11. Chain loop 61A is operatively held around a pair of sprockets 62F and 62R, such that the wheel Toothed 62R is driven by an M2 engine and a B2 belt assembly and pulley P2. The chain loop 61B has been arranged around a 63F sprocket and 63R driven sprocket, which is last attached to an opposite end of an axis 64 on which it is secured the 62R sprocket. Chain loops 61A and 61B are joined by a plurality of bars 65 that are separated equidistant. The bars 65 come into contact with the concrete blocks C arranged on top surface 12 of the table 11, in such a way that they move the concrete blocks C from the front end 13 to the rear end 14 of the same. It is noteworthy that the M2 engine can be several speeds in order to confer various speeds to blocks moving forward.

As shown in the schematic representation of Figure 4, a plurality of apparatus or tables for roughing concrete blocks, according to the present invention, arranged in series, in order to treat the various edge surfaces and top surfaces of the concrete blocks C. The concrete blocks C are initially loaded on an apparatus 10A such that the first ones are treated side face edges thereof by means of tools roughing 30A (more rough or coarse edge finish) and 40A (finish softer edge). For clarity purposes, it has been associated with the elements of a device the same letter (for example, the roughing tool 30A of the apparatus 10A). The blocks of concrete C are then transferred to a transfer table 100A, in which a push bar 101A will be responsible for loading the concrete blocks C in an apparatus 10B. It is worth noting that front face edges of concrete blocks C will be treated now as a result of the apparatus 10B is perpendicular to the apparatus 10A.

The concrete blocks C will move to then forward in the direction of devices 10C and 10D, to through the transfer tables 100B and 100C, so that be treated in all its lateral edges. It has been provided a third roughing tool 50D in the apparatus 10D, in order to treat the upper surface of the concrete blocks C. This operation only needs to be performed once, since all side edges of concrete blocks C share the same upper surface. Concrete blocks can be loaded in a pile of concrete blocks (not shown), by means of the table 100D transfer located at one end of the series of appliances It is noted that a plurality of  concrete blocks C on the series of devices, so this configuration allows, advantageously, a continuous production of treated concrete blocks.

The panels that form the support surface Device blocks may be solid or solid. It has been thought also in providing a grill surface, such as sample with reference G for one of the panels of the apparatus 10B which is illustrated in Figure 4, so that the particles of concrete produced when concrete blocks are treated they fall through the grill surface G to the ground, so that do not accumulate on the upper surface of the panels.

Referring to Figure 5, it is shown in it a further embodiment of the apparatus 10, in which the concrete blocks C will be subject to material removal by of a roughing tool 60, similar to the tools of roughing 30, 40 and 50 described above, but arranged by below the upper surface 12, shown here below rectangular panels 17 and 18. Rectangular panels 17 and 18 of this embodiment additionally spaced one of another for a G2 separation space, as well as in positions offset by the shelf L, in order to make it possible for the edges bottom or bottom backs of concrete blocks C fall into the separation space G2 to be exposed to sections 64 of material starter chain links, belonging to the roughing tool 60, in order to undergo to material removal by them. Have been provided guides (not shown), so that bars 65 and chain loops 61A and 61B avoid sections 64 of links of roughing tool chain 60 when moving to through the separation space G2.

Referring to Figure 6, the tool of roughing 60 has been represented once again below the upper surface 12 of the roughing apparatus 10, although the rectangular panels 17 and 18 are not offset by the shelf L, so that the concrete blocks driven or driven to through the gap G will see their surfaces bottom or bottom rear exposed to material removal by sections 64 'of chain links of the 60 'roughing tool.

The fact of arranging the roughing tool 60 below the top surface 12 ensures that the lacquers or the dust that is produced as a result of the action of material removal on concrete blocks C, it is not they will accumulate on the upper surface 12 of the apparatus 10. The roughing tool located below the upper surface 12 is used in combination with roughing tools arranged above the upper surface 12 of the apparatus 10, as described above, so they undergo material removal on the same device two sides and edges opposite of concrete blocks C.

It is within the scope of this invention the fact of covering any obvious modifications of the embodiments described herein, as long as such modifications fall within the scope of the claims that They accompany each other.

Claims (23)

1. An apparatus (10, 10A, 10B, 10C, 10D) for roughing at least one of the surfaces and edges (C ') of cast and solid concrete blocks (C), which comprises a support surface (12) of blocks, which has at least two sections or surface sections (17, 18, 19, 20), at least a first roughing device (30, 40, 50), which has a plurality of impact elements (34, 44 , 54) therein, intended for roughing the concrete blocks (C), means of transport (60), intended to move the concrete blocks (C) on said surface sections (17, 18, 19, 20), characterized in that: said surface sections have an edge straight front (18F) and a rear end edge (17R), arranged parallel to each other and so that they extend through the width of a travel path of a plurality of said blocks, which is being moved in relative positions side by side; a first (17, 18, 19) of said sections of surface (17, 18, 19, 20) has a rear end edge (17R, 18R, 19R) thereof disposed above an end edge adjacent front (18F, 19F, 20F) of a second (18, 19, 20) of said surface sections (17, 18, 19, 20), in order to create a ledge or shelf (L) to project or protrude a portion leading edge (C ') of concrete blocks (C) transported on said first surface section (17, 18, 19); said first roughing device (30, 40, 50) is arranged at a predetermined distance above said block support surfaces and generally above said rear end (17R, 18R, 19R) of said first section of surface (17, 18, 19), in order to rough up cast blocks of concrete in a non-uniform way in the form of a portion protruding leading edge (C ') of each of said blocks of cast concrete (C), as these are transported on said rear end (17R, 18R, 19R); Y said cast blocks (C) are made to swing or dumps when they reach a predetermined position on said shelf (L), so that they fall on a second of said surface sections by said straight front edge of the same. 2. The apparatus (10, 10A, 10B, 10C, 10D) according to claim 1, characterized in that said surface sections (17, 18, 19, 20) are also separated by a separation space (G2), said apparatus (10, 10A, 10B, 10C, 10D) having at least one additional roughing device (60, 60 ') having a plurality of elements (64, 64') therein, intended to rough the concrete blocks (C), such that said additional roughing device (60, 60 ') is generally arranged below said rear end edge (17, 18, 19) of said first surface section, for the purpose of abrasion or material removal a rear end portion (C ') of each of said concrete blocks (C) that falls into said separation space (G2), upon leaving said first surface section (17, 18, 18). 3. The apparatus (10, 10A, 10B, 10C, 10D) according to claim 2, characterized in that said apparatus (10, 10A, 10B, 10C, 10D) comprises additional surface sections (18, 19, 20), such that said additional surface sections (18, 19, 20) generally extend in the same plane and are separated by an additional separation space (G2), such that said apparatus (10, 10A, 10B, 10C, 10D) has at least yet another additional roughing device (60, 60 '), provided with a plurality of elements (64, 64') therein for roughing the concrete blocks (C), said other device being arranged still additional roughing (60, 60 ') generally below said additional separation space (G2), between said surface sections, in order to subject the bottom or bottom surface (C') of each of said said material to tear off concrete blocks (C) that is being displaced on said separation space (G2). The apparatus (10, 10A, 10B, 10C, 10D) according to claim 1, characterized in that said surface sections (17, 18, 19, 20) are inclined such that said rear end edge (17R , 18R, 19R) of said first surface section (17, 18, 19) is located above said front end edge (18F, 19F, 20F) of said subsequent second surface section (18, 19, 20). The apparatus (10, 10A, 10B, 10C, 10D) according to claim 4, characterized in that said block support surface (12) consists of solid and inclined panels, whereby said surface sections (17 , 18, 19, 20) are upper surfaces of said inclined panels. The apparatus (10, 10A, 10B, 10C, 10D) according to claim 4, characterized in that each of said surface sections (17, 18, 19, 20) is constituted by an inclined grid panel (G ), in such a way that the concrete particles fall through it. The apparatus (10, 10A, 10B, 10C, 10D) according to claim 1, characterized in that said means of transport (60) are in coupling or butt contact (65) with said concrete blocks (C) , in order to slide said concrete blocks (C) over said block support surface (12), from said front end edge to said rear end edge thereof. 8. The device (10, 10A, 10B, 10C, 10D) according with claim 1, wherein said roughing device (30, 40, 50) is an elongated impact rotor, such that said rotor is supported horizontally and has a shaft of drive (33A, 43A, 53A) at one end thereof, and there is a motor (M1), attached to said drive shaft (33A, 43A, 53A) in order to impart an axial rotation to said rotor around a central longitudinal axis thereof, and said plurality of impact elements (34, 44, 54) is secured at along a working section of said rotor, so that said impact elements (34, 44, 54) are flexible and constructed of a material that has a hardness greater than the hardness of said concrete blocks (C), having been conferred on said elements of impact (34, 44, 54) such dimensions that start up of material or remove flakes from said concrete blocks (C) when impact on them by the rotation of said tree of drive (33A, 43A, 53A). 9. The device (10, 10A, 10B, 10C, 10D) according with claim 8, wherein said motor (M1) is an engine Electric variable speed. 10. The apparatus (10, 10A, 10B, 10C, 10D) of according to claim 8, wherein said elements of impact (34, 44, 54) of said roughing device (30, 40, 50) they are sections or sections of chain links. 11. The apparatus (10, 10A, 10B, 10C, 10D) of according to claim 10, wherein said sections of chain links are secured to one or more bars of support (32, 42, 52), joined between a pair of fixing discs of bar (31A, 31B, 41A, 41B, 51A, 51B), such that said tree of  drive (33A, 43A, 53A) is secured to one (31A, 41A, 51A) of said discs (31A, 31B, 41A, 41B, 51A, 51B), the other having (31B, 41B, 51B) of said disks (31A, 31B, 41A, 41B, 51B) a tree crazy or free spin, attached to it. 12. The apparatus (10, 10A, 10B, 10C, 10D) of according to claim 11, wherein said sections of chain links have at least two chain links of loop interconnected or linked together, so that each of said support bars (32, 42, 52) extends through a end loop of a plurality of link sections of chain, and said support bars (32, 42, 52) are joined by removable or removable form to said discs (31A, 31B, 41A, 41B, 51A, 51B) bar fixation. 13. The apparatus (10, 10A, 10B, 10C, 10D) of according to claim 12, wherein at least one of the free end loops of said plurality of sections of chain links have, secured to it, a device impact (B, N). 14. The apparatus (10, 10A, 10B, 10C, 10D) of according to claim 13, wherein said device of Impact is a set of bolt (B) and nut (N). 15. The apparatus according to claim 1, in which said means of transport (60) consist of means of transport by pushing, intended to push a plurality of cast blocks (C), such that the blocks are have arranged side by side in at least two rows or rows of blocks in contact with each other; so that these blocks castings (C) of a first of said at least two rows, when fall to said second surface section (18), expose or leave the said front transverse edge portions (C ') discovered, that stand out, from the cast concrete blocks that follow them, belonging to a second of said at least two rows, of so that they are subject to material removal by said device of roughing (30, 40, 50), as they are projected or made protruding above said rear end edge (17R). 16. The apparatus (10, 10A, 10B, 10C, 10D) of according to claim 7, wherein said means of transport (60) have a pair of chains (61A, 61B) driven by motor, interconnected or linked together by a plurality of spaced push bars (65), such that said chains (61A, 61B) are arranged on opposite sides (15, 16) of said table (11), so that said push bars (65) push the concrete blocks (C) from a front end (13) of said table (11) to a rear end (14) thereof. 17. The apparatus (10, 10A, 10B, 10C, 10D) of according to claim 16, wherein said chains (61A, 61B) are dragged around driven sprockets and crazy spin (62F, 62R, 63R), which are actuated motorized, by means of a variable speed motor (M2). 18. A roughing line or chain of cast concrete blocks, comprising at least two devices (10A, 10B, 10C, 10D) according to claim 1, characterized in that one first (10A) of said devices (10A, 10B , 10C, 10D) is placed upstream with respect to at least one second (10B) of said apparatus (10A, 10B, 10C, 10D), whereby the concrete blocks (C) transferred from said first one (10A) of said devices (10A, 10B, 10C, 10D) to said one second (10B) of said devices (10A, 10B, 10C, 10D), are positioned such that they have lateral edges (C ') not subject to start-up of material in said first one (10A) of said devices (10A, 10B, 10C, 10D), which are subjected to material removal in said second one (10B) of said devices (10A, 10B, 10C, 10D). 19. The roughing line of cast concrete blocks, according to claim 18, characterized in that the subsequent apparatus (10B, 10C, 10D) are in relative positions generally perpendicular to each other, such that the edges sides not subject to material removal are subjected to material removal in a downstream apparatus of said subsequent apparatus (10B, 10C, 10D). 20. A method for roughing portions (C ', C'') of cast and solid concrete blocks (C), characterized by the steps of: (i) transport a plurality of blocks of cast concrete (C) with the use of means of transport (6), of such such blocks are placed in relative positions aligned side by side, on a support surface (12) (17R) of blocks, arranged parallel to each other, so that at least one section or section of said support surface is inclined with the in order to create a ledge or shelf (L) at said end edge rear, which extends through a panel path of said plurality of cast concrete blocks, in relative positions side by side, in order to project or project a portion of leading edge (C ') of said concrete blocks that are transport on said shelf; (ii) provide at least one device roughing (30, 40, 50), which has a plurality of elements of impact (34, 44, 54) on it, and that is available at a distance predetermined above said support surface of blocks, forward with respect to said rear end edge (17R); Y (iii) make said edge portions front (C '') of said concrete blocks (C), in positions relative side by side, are impacted by said device roughing (30, 40, 50) as projected or excelled on said shelf (L) by said means of transport (60), of such so that these blocks are made tilted or overturned when they reach a predetermined position on said shelf (L). 21. The method according to claim 20, in which said step (i) includes the fact that said block surface (17, 18, 19, 20) has a space of separation (G2) on said shelf (L), in order to expose or leave the discovered a bottom back edge portion (C '') of each of said concrete blocks (C) in said separation space (G2), in which said step (ii) includes providing at least another roughing device (60, 60 '), which has a plurality of impact elements (64, 64 ') on it and arranged in a predetermined position below said separation space (G2), and in which step (iii) includes making said portions  of bottom back edge (C ') of said concrete blocks (C) are impacted, as they fall into said separation space (G2), by said means of transport (60). 22. The method according to claim 20, in which a plurality of block support surfaces (17, 18, 19, 20), in such a way that said concrete blocks (C) have edge portions without treat (C '), located in a forward position when they are transferred between subsequent surfaces (17, 18, 19, 20) of block support, repeating steps (i), (ii) and (iii) on each of said support surfaces (17, 18, 19, 20) of blocks, in order to treat all edge portions (C ') of each of said concrete blocks (C). 23. The method according to claim 22, which further comprises the step of treating a surface upper (C ') of each of said concrete blocks (C) by means of an additional roughing device (40, 50).