ES2227914T3 - BLOCK BRICK TO ERIR A DRY WORK AND DRY MAMPOSTERY BUILT FROM THESE BLOCK BRICKS. - Google Patents

Abstract

THE BRICK BLOCK (1) SERVES TO RAISE A DRY MAMPOSTERY WORK. HIS LENGTH IS A WHOLE MULTIPLE (2A) OF THE WIDTH (A) OF HIS NARROW FACE. VERTICALLY TAKES UNIFORM DISTRIBUTION SOME CHANNELS (2) THROUGH IT SIDE BY SIDE, WHOSE TRANSVERSAL DIMENSIONS ARE APPROXIMATELY 1/6 TO 1/5 OF THE WIDTH (A) OF THE NARROW FACE. IN THE CHANNELS (2) FROM SIDE TO SIDE ARE PROVIDED A LONG (3) THAT THROUGH THEM, FOR EXAMPLE BASED ON STEEL BARS OF ARMOR. THE BRICK BLOCK (1) IS MANUFACTURED IN A MATERIAL THAT CAN BE COLLECTED, IN PARTICULAR OF HEAVY CONCRETE. THE LENGTHS (3) THROUGH THE VERTICAL CHANNELS (2) MAY BE LOCATED AT MID-HEIGHT OF THE BRICK BLOCK (1) OR MAY BE DECALATED UP OR DOWN WITH RESPECT TO THE HALF OF THE HEIGHT.

Description

Block brick to erect a work of drywall and drywall work erected from of these block bricks.

The invention relates to a block brick to erect drywall works and to a work of drywall erected from these bricks of block.

It is known to erect drywall works, for example, as partition walls for boxes of Bulk storage of all kinds. Depending of necessity, a drywall work of this type can disassemble again and the block bricks that make up the work drywall can be reassembled in it or elsewhere for a drywall work of this type with the same horizontal or modified projection. These bricks  block are cast from concrete and have on their side upper or on its lower side in each case a tongue that runs longitudinally or a corresponding slot for it. These block bricks have dimensions relatively large and weighing up to a ton or even higher. Since these block bricks have a surface Smooth, its handling with lifting equipment is really difficult. By therefore, it has already been proposed to merge together, on the upper side Corresponding of these block bricks, threaded bushings inside, in which anchoring devices can be screwed threading of lifting equipment. Starting from that this kind of bushings with internal thread are relatively expensive, the screw and release threaded anchoring devices during laying these block bricks requires quite weather.

Wall bricks (DE 833 407) are known for erect a masonry work with a support skeleton inside. These wall bricks are built with several transverse layers at its wide side and, in the central plane longitudinal, channels are provided that pass through vertical. These bricks for walls, which as a rule are equipped with keys and tabs on its longitudinal sides and frontal, they are placed in such a way that in the brick rig the aforementioned channels are arranged over each other in a way aligned. Then, these channels are molded with concrete that, after hardening, it forms the inner support skeleton. In addition, these channels are formed in such a way that, in the area of the horizontal butt joints inside the brick rig, The concrete introduced forms separation beams. In these channels reinforcement irons that run in can also be introduced parallel to the longitudinal directions of the channels. The dimensions of this type of brick for walls are selected from such that they can be handled manually.

From documents WO 92/04513 and GB 1 064 451 (1967) block bricks are known for masonry works dry that have several depressions down and up in their horizontal surfaces In the first case mentioned, you are depressions have the shape of a bucket or a cylinder, in the second case, these depressions are configured as caps hemispherical By erecting the masonry work formed by these block bricks previously known, bodies of molding in the mentioned depressions that are configured of mode corresponding to the form of depression, in one case, as cylinder, otherwise, as a sphere. These molding bodies cylindrical or spherical are sized in such a way that, when they are introduced in the depressions planned for accommodation, protrude upward and protrude above the boundary surface of block brick. This parts protruding molding bodies are then housed in drag in the depressions that are provided on the side bottom of the block brick that is arranged above in the rig of bricks.

In addition, block bricks with channels that pass through its height (FR 2 425 512 Al), so that the upper or lower mouth openings of these channels are arranged in cone-shaped elevations truncated in the upper side or in the corresponding depressions in the form of truncated cone on the bottom side. If these block bricks are placed in a brick rig, then the elevations or Mentioned depressions are assembled together in drag form. In addition, these vertical channels that pass through are applied tension rods that have one of their front ends a threaded bolt and, at its other front end, a threaded nut. These tension rods, whose length corresponds to the height of the block brick, can be joined with the joining means mentioned to give rise to any length.

In addition, from document FR 2 652 845 A1, knows a block brick that also has channels that pass to through vertically, in which rods are introduced tensioners These tension rods have threads in both extremes Sleeves are used for joining the tension rods threads that can be introduced into widenings on the side of the end of the vertical channels that pass through the block bricks. Regarding the dimensions of the brick of block, these channels that pass through vertically, for the tension rod housing, only have a diameter relatively small, which is sized precisely so large that the tension rod can be introduced without difficulty.

Finally, the block brick has to be mentioned according to document CH-A-251 310, which presents channels that pass vertically distributed in grid shape.

Starting from this state of the art, the invention aims to create a block brick to erect a work drywall that can be handled better in relation to the known block bricks and that, in addition, is configured of structurally very simple way. The block brick according to the The invention is the subject of claim 1.

The channels that pass through vertically, that have a relatively large diameter and that are crossed by the stringers mentioned, offer, as opposed to the known constructions according to WO 92/04513 or GB 1 064 451 (1967), the advantage that, with the same mass and with the default height of the block brick, the basic brick surface, an essential feature for block bricks for drywall work, and this to Despite maintaining the same weight. The stringers that run from transversal form to the vertical channels, which as a rule They are usually formed by a reinforcing iron, they can serve for the application of hooks of the lifting equipment. The block bricks of this type for drywall works They are very large and heavy and can only be handled by mechanical lifting equipment.

In the case of a drywall work erected with this type of block bricks according to the claim 12 are provided profile pieces for joining block bricks arranged on top of each other, whose cross section is set corresponding to the cross section of the channels, bringing their dimensions of cross section are somewhat smaller than those of the channels that pass through to form the accommodation with game through the latter and whose axial length is sized in such a way protruding from the upper side of the block brick that hosts when they are introduced in the channels provided for housing and placed with its lower front side in each case on the crossbar that runs transversely to the channel.

The drawing illustrates several embodiments of the invention. They show:

Figure 1, a block brick in view inclined in a first embodiment;

Figure 2, a longitudinal section through a block brick according to figure 1, and

Figure 3, a cross section correspondent;

Figure 4, a longitudinal section through a block brick in a modified embodiment in relationship with figure 2, and

Figure 5, cross section correspondent;

Figure 6, schematically, the construction of a drywall work from block bricks according to figure 1;

Figure 7, a vertical cross section to through a drywall work formed by bricks of block according to figures 1 to 3, and

Figure 8, a vertical longitudinal section through through this drywall work, with what here in the case of this embodiment according to figure 7 and 8, the individual block bricks are stretched together;

Figure 9, in inclined view, an element tensioner, as used in the embodiment according to the Figures 7 and 8;

Figure 10, a vertical cross section to through a drywall work as in figure 7, although here with modified tensioning elements;

Figure 11, a representation of a detail to from figure 10;

Figure 12, an inclined view of a brick block in a modified form in relation to figure 1, Y

Figure 13, its longitudinal section;

Figure 14, an inclined view of a brick block in another embodiment, and

Figure 15, its longitudinal section.

The individual figures have different scales; the same pieces or pieces with the same function are endowed in all representations with the same numbers indicative

Block brick 1, molded in shape convenient from heavy concrete, it has a section transverse square with lateral length A, and its side longitudinal is an integer multiple of its lateral length A, in the example shown this block brick is twice as long as of width. The shape of the cross section is not fundamental to the invention. The shape of the cross section could also be rectangular. In the central vertical longitudinal plane they have left free on the entire height of block 1 brick corresponding channels 2 that pass through, which are here configured cylindrically and whose diameter is approximately 1/6 to 1/5 of the lateral length A. The reciprocal separation of these channels correspond to the lateral length A. These channels 2 they are crossed at approximately half the height A / 2 of the block brick 1 by a stringer 3 which is formed by example, reinforcing steel. This stringer 3 can run from parallel to the longitudinal side of block brick 1 (figure 2) or parallel to its narrow side (figure 4). Dimensions of the cross section of the channels 2 are so large that in the channel can be introduced a hook or chain of a team elevator and can join with stringer 3 to lift a brick Heavy block of this type. The wall of channels 2 can be formed by introduced profile pieces that form a lost formwork. The side surfaces of the block brick They are flat. Basically it is possible to configure wide sides somewhat inclined, so that the shape of the cross section of the block brick be trapezoidal. In the scope of the invention, the position shown here of the beam 3 can be modified in approximately half the height A / 2 of block 1 brick. The stringer 3 can be arranged in such a way that it is arranged, for example, in the first third of the brick height of block. This is valid regardless of whether the stringer 3 is arranged in the longitudinal direction of the block brick or transversal to her.

To join the block bricks that are arranged one on top of the other in the case of erecting a masonry work dry (figure 6) are provided profile pieces 4 whose section cross section is configured corresponding to the section transverse of channels 2 and whose axial length is somewhat more shorter than the height A of the block brick, although greater than the half of its height A / 2. However, in any case, the length axial of these profile pieces 4 is sized in such a way that these profile pieces 4 protrude from the upper side of the block brick 1 that houses them when they are introduced in the 2 channels provided for accommodation and placed with its side lower front in each case in the stringer 3 that runs from transverse shape to channel 2. Section dimensions Transverse of these profile pieces 4 are somewhat smaller than those of the 2 channels that pass through, so that these pieces of profile can be hosted with game on channels 2. If you place a horizontal row of block bricks, then it they introduce in the channels 2 these profile pieces 4 that are placed with its lower front side on the stringers 3 that run from transverse shape and protruding from the upper side of brick 1 of block that houses them. This outstanding section of piece 4 profile is then hosted by the block bricks that are They will arrange on top. These profile pieces 4 are made of Convenient shape from steel tubes. Instead of one rounded cross section, channels 2 also have a polygonal cross section. The cross section of the pieces Profile 4 is configured in each case corresponding to the cross section of these channels.

Due to the structural shape, the dimensions selected and the mass, can be erected with these bricks of drywall block up to a height of almost five meters, and, specifically, with any horizontal projection. The 4 pieces of profile are used for centering block 1 bricks arranged on top of each other in the brick rig and ensure their position against transverse forces acting on the drywall work when said work of Drywall is planned, for example, as a box of storage for bulk goods. A masonry work in dry erected from this type of block bricks can disassemble at any time and mount again in the same or in another place with another projection in plan.

Block brick 1 described here too offers the possibility of tensioning each other additionally block bricks arranged on top of each other in the rig of bricks. Figures 7 and 8 show a first example of this. Here are shown the 5 tensioning elements in the form of strips and Made of spring steel. These 5 shaped tension elements of strips (figure 9) have at their upper end a curvature 6 in the form of a hook and, at its lower end, a fold 7 in the form of fork. With an appropriate tool for this, not shown here in detail, these 5 tensioning elements are suspended under previous tension when placing block bricks 1. In the vertical row of this type of elements 5 tensioners hook in each case the hook-shaped curvatures 6 between the spikes of the fold 7 in the form of a fork. With this element 5 tensioner no only bricks 1 of block, it is also possible to manufacture a tension in front of the iron 19 foundation that supports the dry wall. In this case it is set to the foundation plate 19 a retention device 8 in which then the first tension element 5 is suspended. This is illustrated by Figures 7 and 8.

Figure 10 illustrates, also in section transverse, block bricks 1 tensioned together in the vertical direction The tension element 5 is composed here of a pull rod 9 at the lower end of which a hook 10, for example, is welded. At the upper end of the tensioning element is also provided a hook 11 which, however,  is positioned so that it can move in the direction longitudinal element 5 tensioner. The upper end of the pull rod 9, which serves as tension element 5, carries a thread and a nut 12 that is screwed into this thread. This item 5 tensioner can be suspended, so to speak, without tension, and, after suspension, nut 12 is tightened with a screw wrench adequate and with this the tension element 5 is tensioned. From the Figure 10 can also be seen that on the upper side 13 of the Dry wall 14 structural pieces can be fixed with the help of tensioning elements. A structural part 14 of this type is composes here of a 15 base plate on which tubes are welded 16 support, which can in turn form parts of a structure of roof. The mentioned base plate 15 is arranged flat on the crown of the dry wall and is fixed in front of it by means of a tensioning element.

The block brick 1 shown by way of Example in Figure 1 is twice as long as it is wide. But nevertheless, a block brick of this type can also be configured square shaped, or its length can be three or four times its width. Then the vertical channels 2 that pass must be provided through corresponding number and distribution. In the figures 1 to 5, channels 2 that pass through vertically are arranged in each case in the longitudinal central plane of the 1 block brick. It should also be mentioned here that it is absolutely another possible arrangement of these 2 passing channels through vertically, for example, in several rows. The provision must always be found in such a way that the channels 2 passing through dispose of each other in an aligned manner 1 block bricks placed in the brick rig. This is then achieved when these channels 2 passing through vertically they are arranged in the form of a grid in the 1 block brick.

If the upper or lower boundary surfaces of the block bricks 1 according to figures 1 to 5 are flat, then, within the scope of the invention, it is arranged to configure them in such a way that the mouth openings of the channels 2 that pass through vertically are arranged in one of the sides of block brick 1 at elevations 17, 18 pyramidal or in the shape of a truncated cone and, on the other side of brick 1 of block, in depressions configured corresponding to it. This type of elevations and depressions known in themselves facilitate the centering of the block bricks when placing them. In the case of the embodiment according to figures 12 and 13, the basic surface of the upper 17 pyramidal elevation is, by example, square, against which the basic surface of the Lower pyramidal depression is rectangular. In addition, the dimensions measured parallel to the narrow side of the brick block are fundamentally equal to each other, on the contrary, in the longitudinal direction of the block brick, the extent of the rectangular pyramidal depression is greater than that of the elevation. With this it is possible to move with respect to each other in the direction longitudinal block bricks that are arranged directly about each other. On the contrary, a shift in the cross direction. If the depressions or elevations 18 are in the form of a truncated cone, then the basic diameter of the depression is conveniently somewhat greater than that of elevation, so that a sufficiently large game is available between the pieces in pairs to move with respect to each other the block bricks that are arranged on top of each other, something that in this case it is possible both in the longitudinal direction, and also in the transverse direction of the block bricks.

List of reference numbers

one

Block brick

2

Channel

3

Crossbar

4

Piece Profile

5

Tension element

6

Hook-shaped curvature

7

Fold fork-shaped

8

Retention device

9

Pull rod

10

Hook

eleven

Hook

12

Nut

13

Side higher

14

Structural element

fifteen

Base iron

16

Tube of support

17

Pyramid shaped elevation truncated

18

Cone-shaped lift truncated

19

License plate of foundations

Claims (16)

1. Block brick to erect a work of drywall, so that

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the length of the long side is an integer multiple (nA) of the width (A) from its narrow side,

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they have emptied channels (2) that pass through vertically, being its transverse dimensions approximately 1/6 to 1/5 of the width (A) of the narrow side, and these channels (2) are distributed in grid form,

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in the channels (2) that pass through are arranged in each case a crossbar (3) running transversely, and

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he block brick (1) is made of material that can sneak, for example, heavy concrete.

2. Block brick according to claim 1, characterized in that the channels (2) passing through are cylindrical. 3. Block brick according to claim 1, characterized in that the stringers (3) that run transversely to the channels (2) that pass through run parallel to the longitudinal side of the block brick (1). 4. Block brick according to claim 1, characterized in that the stringers (3) that run transversely to the channels (2) that pass through run parallel to the narrow side of the block brick (1). 5. Block brick according to claim 1, characterized in that the wall of the channels (2) passing through is formed by a profile piece, preferably made of metallic material or a plastic, inserted into the brick (1) of block. 6. Block brick according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that its cross section is square. 7. Block brick according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the crossbar (3) running transversely to the channels (2) passing through it is offset with respect to the average height of the corresponding channel (2). 8. Block brick according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the crossbar (3) running transversely to the channels (2) that pass through vertically is arranged at half the height (A / 2) of these channels (2). 9. Block brick according to claim 1, characterized in that a row of channels (2) that pass through vertically is provided and this row is arranged in the longitudinal central piano of the block brick (1). 10. Block brick according to claim 1 or 9, characterized in that the separation of the channels (2) corresponds to the width (A) of the narrow side. A brick according to claim 1 or 9, characterized in that the mouth openings of the channels (2) that pass through vertically on one of the sides of the block brick (1) are arranged in elevations (17, 18) in the form of truncated pyramids or cones and, on the other side of the block brick (1), in depressions configured correspondingly thereto in relation to size and shape. 12. Drywall work made of block bricks according to one of claims 1 to 11, of so that to join the block bricks (1) that are arranged about on top of others are provided parts (4) of profile whose section cross section is configured corresponding to the section transversal of the channels (2), being the dimensions of its cross section somewhat smaller than those of the channels (2) that they pass through to give rise to an accommodation with game through of the latter, and its axial length being dimensioned of such so that they protrude from the upper side of the block brick (1) which hosts them when they are introduced in the channels (2) provided  for accommodation and placed with its lower front side in each case on the crossbar (3) that runs transverse to the channel (2). 13. Drywall work according to claim 12, characterized in that the introduced profile pieces (4) protrude from the surface of the block brick (1) which houses them approximately half its length. 14. Dry masonry work according to one of claims 12 or 13, characterized in that tensioning elements (5) can be fixed in the stringers, which run transversely to the vertical channels, of block bricks arranged one above the other. 15. Drywall work according to claim 14, characterized in that the tensioning elements (5) are configured in the form of strips, and have bends in the final area, which hook the stringers (3) that run in a hook transverse of the block bricks (1) that are arranged on top of each other and these tensioning elements (5) are made at least in part of spring steel (figure 9). 16. Drywall work according to claim 14, characterized in that the tensioning elements (5), if necessary in the form of a rod, have hook-shaped extensions (10, 11) at least one of these Hook-shaped projections (11) can be adjusted by threads and nuts (12) in the longitudinal direction of the tensioning element (5).