ES2222811B1

ES2222811B1 - PERFECTED PROCEDURE FOR OBTAINING A NUTRIENT FOR THE SELF-DEFENSE OF PLANTS.

Info

Publication number: ES2222811B1
Application number: ES200301729A
Authority: ES
Inventors: Luis Carlos Espinosa Monteagudo
Original assignee: Polimeros Ecologicos S L; POLIMEROS ECOLOGICOS SL
Current assignee: Polimeros Ecologicos S L; POLIMEROS ECOLOGICOS SL
Priority date: 2003-07-23
Filing date: 2003-07-23
Publication date: 2005-12-16
Anticipated expiration: 2023-07-23
Also published as: ES2222811A1

Abstract

Procedimiento para obtener un nutriente como autodefensa de las plantas que incorpora un compuesto de una matriz acuosa a pH ácido que contiene un carboxilato de poli-glucosamina en disolución obtenido por quitina que proviene del calamar, gamba u otro animal marino como fuente de quitina, realizándose la disolución de la quitina en matriz acuosa en tanque agitado, con una masa M de ácido fuerte y sobre éste la masa M/10 de quitina dejando la mezcla 24 horas en reposo hasta su total disolución a temperatura ambiente, adicionándose ácido aminocarboxílico en forma de sal sódica soluble en proporción de 2 a 5% agitando posteriormente sin cesar durante una hora, incorporando el producto al tanque agitado base fuerte hasta un pH entre 5 y 7, agregando ácido acético u otro ácido carboxílico en proporción del 1% con agitación entre 3 y 5 horas, introduciéndose agua al 60% sin dejar de agitar durante media hora, separando las materias inertes insolubles en fase sólida, por centrifugación o decantación y filtrado tras 48 horas de reposo.Procedure to obtain a nutrient as plant self-defense that incorporates a compound of an aqueous matrix at acidic pH containing a solution of polyglucosamine carboxylate in solution obtained by chitin that comes from squid, shrimp or other marine animal as a source of chitin, performing the solution of the chitin in an aqueous matrix in a stirred tank, with a mass M of strong acid and on it the mass M / 10 of chitin leaving the mixture 24 hours at rest until its total dissolution at room temperature, adding aminocarboxylic acid in the form of soluble sodium salt in a proportion of 2 to 5%, stirring continuously incessantly for one hour, incorporating the product into the stirred base strong tank up to a pH between 5 and 7, adding acetic acid or other carboxylic acid in a proportion of 1% with stirring between 3 and 5 hours, introducing 60% water while stirring for half an hour, separating the insoluble inert materials in solid phase, by centrifugation or decantation and filtering after 48 hours of rest.

Description

Procedimiento perfeccionado para la obtención de un nutriente para la autodefensa de las plantas.Improved procedure to obtain a nutrient for plant self defense.

El objeto de la invención, corresponde a un nuevo procedimiento perfeccionado con el que se obtiene un nutriente para la fertilización de las plantas cultivables, aportando unos medios de autodefensa de las propias plantas, siendo utilizable por aplicación foliar y/o fertirrigación, de forma que la aportación de un tipo de "quitosano", signifique una dosis de materia orgánica natural de origen marino, de modo que la nutrición de las plantas, significa asimismo un equilibrio para mejorar y/o propiciar la sanidad vegetal del cultivo, ofreciendo un perfecto trato ecológico que beneficia sus cultivos.The object of the invention corresponds to a new perfected procedure with which a nutrient is obtained for fertilization of arable plants, providing a means of self-defense of the plants themselves, being usable by foliar application and / or fertirrigation, so that the contribution of a type of "chitosan" means a dose of matter natural organic of marine origin, so that the nutrition of plants, also means a balance to improve and / or promote plant health of the crop, offering a perfect Ecological treatment that benefits your crops.

La técnica actual contempla la existencia de diversos medios para la obtención de protectores y nutrientes para las plantas, pero todos los procedimientos y sistemas conocidos, incluyen diversos productos químicos, presentando pH muy ácidos o alcalinos que en algunos casos, su utilización puede resultar de capacidad muy limitada, mientras que el procedimiento para la obtención de un nutriente con los perfeccionamientos, mejora sensiblemente las prestaciones en la autodefensa de las plantas, dado el perfecto equilibrio ecológico de sus componentes.The current technique contemplates the existence of various means for obtaining protectors and nutrients for the plants, but all known procedures and systems, They include various chemical products, presenting very acidic pH or alkalis that in some cases, their use may result from very limited capacity, while the procedure for obtaining a nutrient with improvements, improvement noticeably the benefits in plant self-defense, given the perfect ecological balance of its components.

Esencialmente, el procedimiento perfeccionado para la obtención de un nutriente para la autodefensa de las plantas objeto del presente registro para uso agrícola y/o alimentario, consiste en la aplicación de una matriz acuosa a pH ácido que contiene un carboxilato de poli-\gamma-glucosamina en disolución, realizando en esencia, el siguiente proceso de fabricación:Essentially, the perfected procedure to obtain a nutrient for the self-defense of plants subject to this register for agricultural use and / or food, is the application of an aqueous matrix at pH acid containing a carboxylate of polygamma glucosamine in dissolution, essentially performing the following process of manufacturing:

1. Provision of marine origin chitin

La quitina como materia prima, será proveniente de calamar, camarón, cangrejo, gamba, centollo, o cualquier otro animal marino susceptible de ser fuente fácil de quitina. La quitina suministrada de cualquier región del mundo, se almacena en bolsas de polietileno y se va suministrando incorporándola al proceso productivo en función de las necesidades del procedimiento.Chitin as raw material, will come from of squid, shrimp, crab, shrimp, spider crab, or any other Marine animal likely to be an easy source of chitin. The Chitin supplied from any region of the world, is stored in polyethylene bags and is supplied incorporating it to the production process based on the needs of the process.

2. Dissolution of chitin in aqueous matrix

La disolución de la quitina, pasa por introducir en tanque agitado una masa M de ácido fuerte y sobre este la misma masa M/10 de quitina. Tras 24 horas de reposo, se consigue disolver perfectamente la quitina a temperatura ambiente.The chitin dissolution goes through introducing in a stirred tank a mass M of strong acid and on it the same M / 10 mass of chitin. After 24 hours of rest, dissolve perfectly the chitin at room temperature.

3. Addition of adjuvants and stabilizers

A la disolución ácida de quitina, se le adiciona ácido aminocarboxílico bajo la forma de sal sódica soluble en proporción de 2 a 5%, agitando posteriormente sin cesar durante una hora. Tras ello, se incorpora al tanque agitado base fuerte hasta alcanzar el pH entre 5 y 7, y a continuación se agrega ácido acético en proporción del 1%, se mantiene la agitación durante un periodo entre 3 y 5 horas y por último se introduce el 60% de agua sin dejar de agitar durante media hora.To the acid solution of chitin, is added aminocarboxylic acid in the form of sodium salt soluble in proportion of 2 to 5%, then stirring incessantly during a hour. After that, the strong base agitated tank is incorporated until reach the pH between 5 and 7, and then acetic acid is added in proportion of 1%, stirring is maintained for a period between 3 and 5 hours and finally 60% of water is introduced without Stop stirring for half an hour.

La matriz acuosa de quitina en disolución, se mantiene en el tanque, en reposo hasta que se separa una fase sólida y otra fase líquida sobrenadante y en estas condiciones la fase sólida se separa por centrifugación o por decantación y filtrado tras 48 horas de reposo, mientras que la fase líquida ya estable es el quitosano, para ser utilizado como nutriente para la autodefensa de las plantas.The aqueous chitin matrix in solution is keeps in the tank, at rest until a phase separates solid and other liquid phase supernatant and under these conditions the solid phase is separated by centrifugation or by decantation and filtered after 48 hours of rest, while the liquid phase is already The chitosan is stable, to be used as a nutrient for plant self defense.

5. Packaging

El producto obtenido mediante el procedimiento perfeccionado que nos ocupa como nutriente y como medio de autoprotección de las plantas, así como para uso alimentario que conforma el quitosano en fase líquida estable, se envasa indistintamente en garrafas y recipientes de polietileno que pueden ser de 1,5 y 20 litros, para ser distribuido y aplicado en el sector agrícola y/o en la industria agroalimentaria.The product obtained by the procedure perfected that concerns us as a nutrient and as a means of self-protection of plants, as well as for food use that forms the chitosan in stable liquid phase, is packaged interchangeably in containers and polyethylene containers that can be 1.5 and 20 liters, to be distributed and applied in the agricultural sector and / or in the agri-food industry.

El quitosano para su utilización agrícola, se aplicará por fertirrigación o por nebulización foliar a las dosis adecuadas según cultivos y periodos vegetativos, utilizándose también como tratamiento poscosecha, para el mantenimiento de frutas, cítricos y hortalizas en los almacenes de las centrales hortofrutícolas o en los puntos de venta al público de esos mismos productos.Chitosan for agricultural use, is apply by fertirrigation or foliar spray at doses suitable according to crops and vegetative periods, using also as a post-harvest treatment, for the maintenance of fruits, citrus fruits and vegetables in the warehouses of the plants horticultural or in the points of sale to the public of those same products.

Del mismo modo, el quitosano para uso alimentario, se aplicará a las dosis más convenientes, actuando como dispersante, emulgente, clarificante, espesante, como aporte energético, endurecedor de superficies, conservante, antioxidante, depresor de la actividad del agua, exaltador del gusto, humectante, gelificante, antiespumante, aglomerante, antiincrustante, reforzador de textura, activador de procesos biológicos y coadyuvante de procesos de la industria agroalimentaria.Similarly, chitosan for use food, will be applied at the most convenient doses, acting as dispersant, emulsifier, clarifier, thickener, as input energy, surface hardener, preservative, antioxidant, water activity depressant, taste exalter, moisturizer, gelling, antifoaming, binder, antifouling, texture enhancer, activator of biological processes and process aid of the agri-food industry.

Dadas las múltiples aplicaciones y utilidades que confluyen en el producto nutriente y de autodefensa obtenido con el procedimiento perfeccionado a que nos venimos refiriendo, estimamos de gran interés y utilidad su utilización, siendo además ecológico para las plantas.Given the multiple applications and utilities that converge on the nutrient and self-defense product obtained with the perfected procedure that we are referring to, we estimate its use is of great interest and utility, being also ecological for the plants.

Estimando ampliamente descritas todas y cada una de las partes que constituyen el procedimiento perfeccionado para la obtención de un nutriente para la autodefensa de las plantas objeto de la invención, solamente nos resta consignar la posibilidad de que las diversas partes de que consta así como las proporciones a incorporar de las mismas, podrán variar en su contenido, pudiendo igualmente introducirse en su constitución, aquellas variaciones de tipo general que la práctica aconseje, siempre y cuando las mismas, no sean capaces de alterar los puntos esenciales de que es objeto el presente registro de Patente de Invención.Estimating widely described each and every one of the parties that constitute the perfected procedure for obtaining a nutrient for plant self defense object of the invention, we only have to record the possibility that the various parts of which consists as well as the proportions to incorporate them, may vary in their content, and can also be introduced into its constitution, those variations of general type that the practice advises, as long as they are not able to alter the points Essentials of the present Patent Registration of Invention.

Claims

1. Improved procedure for obtaining a nutrient for plant self-defense, essentially characterized by comprising a compound consisting of an aqueous matrix at acidic pH containing a polygamma-glucosamine carboxylate in solution usable for agricultural use and / or food.

2. Improved procedure for obtaining a nutrient for plant self-defense according to the preceding claim, essentially characterized by obtaining chitin as raw material from squid, shrimp, crab, prawn or any other marine animal that can be an easy source chitin, whose product is stored in polyethylene bags for progressive incorporation into the production process depending on the needs of the procedure.

3. Improved procedure for obtaining a nutrient for the self-defense of the plants according to the preceding claim, essentially characterized in that the dissolution of the chitin in aqueous matrix, passes through a stirred tank, a mass M of strong acid and on this the same M / 10 mass of chitin, leaving the mixture for 24 hours of rest, until the chitin is dissolved perfectly, performing the operation at room temperature.

4. Improved process for obtaining a nutrient for self-defense of the plants according to claims 2 and 3, essentially characterized in that adjuvants and stabilizers are added to the acid chitin solution, such as aminocarboxylic acid in the form of soluble sodium salt in a proportion of 2 to 5%, stirring continuously incessantly for one hour, then incorporated into the stirred tank of strong base, until reaching a pH between 5 and 7, then adding acetic acid in proportion of 1%, maintaining the stirring for a period between 3 and 5 hours, finally introducing 60% of water while stirring for half an hour.

5. Improved procedure for obtaining a nutrient for plant self-defense according to the preceding claim, essentially characterized in that for the separation of insoluble inert materials, the aqueous matrix of chitin in solution, is kept in the tank at rest, until a solid phase and another supernatant liquid phase are separated, so that the solid phase is separated by centrifugation or by decantation and filtered after 48 hours of rest, while the already stable liquid phase is the product to be used as a nutrient for self-defense of the plants, proceeding to their packaging in liquid form, in bottles and polyethylene containers that can be in volumes of 1, 5 or 20 liters interchangeably, for distribution and application in the agricultural sector and / or in the agri-food industry.