ES2222765A1 - Mini type hydrocarbon accumulated hydraulic power station for use in dam, has air-hydrogen fuel cells located on foot part of dam for generating electricity, where water is stored in energy storage cell of dam - Google Patents
Mini type hydrocarbon accumulated hydraulic power station for use in dam, has air-hydrogen fuel cells located on foot part of dam for generating electricity, where water is stored in energy storage cell of damInfo
- Publication number
- ES2222765A1 ES2222765A1 ES200101717A ES200101717A ES2222765A1 ES 2222765 A1 ES2222765 A1 ES 2222765A1 ES 200101717 A ES200101717 A ES 200101717A ES 200101717 A ES200101717 A ES 200101717A ES 2222765 A1 ES2222765 A1 ES 2222765A1
- Authority
- ES
- Spain
- Prior art keywords
- dam
- water
- fuel cells
- air
- energy storage
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 25
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 19
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 19
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 9
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 8
- 238000004146 energy storage Methods 0.000 title abstract description 3
- 210000004027 cell Anatomy 0.000 title abstract 2
- 210000000352 storage cell Anatomy 0.000 title abstract 2
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 title 1
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 title 1
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 title 1
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 15
- 230000032258 transport Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 241001000171 Chira Species 0.000 description 3
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005381 potential energy Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000013535 sea water Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008400 supply water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 231100000331 toxic Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000002588 toxic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003643 water by type Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03B—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS
- F03B13/00—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates
- F03B13/06—Stations or aggregates of water-storage type, e.g. comprising a turbine and a pump
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/20—Hydro energy
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/16—Mechanical energy storage, e.g. flywheels or pressurised fluids
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Fuel Cell (AREA)
- Other Liquid Machine Or Engine Such As Wave Power Use (AREA)
- Wind Motors (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Central de hidroacumulación.Hydroaccumulation plant
La presente invención se refiere al transporte de hidrógeno a centrales minihidráulicas donde, mediante pilas de combustible, se combine el hidrógeno con oxígeno del aire para producir electricidad y agua para llenar los embalses de las centrales antes mencionadas. Esta agua será turbinada para la producción de corriente eléctrica, así como para su utilización como agua de abasto. El hidrógeno se obtendrá mediante pilas electrolíticas, utilizándose agua de mar, tras ser desalada, o bien haciendo uso de los recursos hídricos del lugar (un lago, un río, etc.). La energía necesaria para dicho proceso, así como para el bombeo del hidrógeno a las centrales, será suministrada por aerogeneradores, pudiendo utilizarse también otras fuentes de energía renovable como la fotovoltaica, maremotriz y geotérmica, dependiendo de los recursos disponibles del lugar.The present invention relates to the transport of hydrogen to mini-hydroelectric plants where, through batteries of fuel, combine hydrogen with oxygen from the air to produce electricity and water to fill the reservoirs of the Centrals mentioned above. This water will be turbinated for the electric current production, as well as for its use as supply water. Hydrogen will be obtained by batteries electrolytic, using seawater, after being desalted, or making use of the water resources of the place (a lake, a river, etc.). The energy needed for this process, as well as for the Hydrogen pumping to the power plants, will be supplied by wind turbines, and other sources of renewable energy such as photovoltaic, tidal and geothermal, depending on the available resources of the place.
Aunque las energías renovables han experimentado un espectacular crecimiento en los últimos años, destacando entre ellas la eólica, se plantea el problema de no poder ajustar la oferta de energía disponible en un determinado momento con la demanda registrada. Para poder equilibrar oferta y demanda, se hace necesaria la creación de sistemas de almacenaje de energía. Así, se han presentado proyectos encaminados al almacenaje del excedente de energía proveniente de les aerogeneradores, como las centrales hidroeólicas o el proyecto CANARH2Y.Although renewable energies have experienced spectacular growth in recent years, standing out among wind power, the problem of not being able to adjust the supply of energy available at a certain time with the registered demand. In order to balance supply and demand, it is done necessary the creation of energy storage systems. Thus have submitted projects aimed at the storage of surplus of energy from wind turbines, such as power plants hydroelectric or the CANARH2Y project.
La idea presentada parte de ambos proyectos, pero presenta las siguientes diferencias:The idea presented part of both projects, but It presents the following differences:
1. A diferencia de la hidroeólica, se conduce hidrógeno a las centrales minihidráulicas, en vez de agua desalada. Se requiere mucha menor energía para bombear el hidrógeno a cierta altura que agua, teniéndose la ventaja de generar electricidad a la hora de volver a obtener agua al final del proceso de transporte.1. Unlike the hydroelectric, it drives hydrogen to mini-hydroelectric plants, instead of desalinated water. Much less energy is required to pump hydrogen to certain height than water, having the advantage of generating electricity at time to get water again at the end of the process transport.
2. A diferencia del proyecto CANARH2Y se propone almacenar la energía en forma de agua en las presas, evitando complejos sistemas de almacenaje de hidrógeno, y lo que es más, incrementando la eficiencia energética ya que además de utilizarse las pilas de combustible se dispone del agua obtenida de las pilas para ser turbinada, aprovechando la energía potencial acumulada.2. Unlike the CANARH2Y project, it is proposed store energy in the form of water in dams, avoiding complex hydrogen storage systems, and what's more, increasing energy efficiency since in addition to being used the fuel cells have the water obtained from the batteries to be turbinated, taking advantage of the accumulated potential energy.
3. En vez de destinarse los excedentes de energía al almacenaje, con esta idea se propone que las energías de origen renovable se destinen en mayor o menor medida a la generación de hidrógeno en función del volumen de agua embalsada, susceptible de ser turbinada. Así, si tenemos poca agua embalsada, se destinará toda la energía de las fuentes renovables a la producción de hidrógeno. En caso de que el, o los embalses estén a plena capacidad, la energía se verterá directamente a la red eléctrica.3. Instead of allocating surplus energy to storage, with this idea it is proposed that the source energies renewable are allocated to a greater or lesser extent to the generation of hydrogen depending on the volume of water reservoir, susceptible to be turbinated Thus, if we have little reservoir water, it will be used all energy from renewable sources to the production of hydrogen. In case the or reservoirs are full capacity, energy will be poured directly into the network electric
\sqbullet Transporte con un bajo coste energético de hidrógeno para su posterior conversión en agua a puntos de mayor cota con el uso exclusivo de fuentes renovables. Se da solución a los problemas de escasez existentes en zonas de cota elevada.\ sqbullet Transport with low cost hydrogen energy for subsequent conversion into water to Highest points with the exclusive use of renewable sources. Be it gives solution to the problems of shortage existing in elevation zones high.
\sqbullet Generación de corriente eléctrica y almacenado de la misma en forma de energía potencial, que permite su ajuste a la demanda registrada en cada momento.Electricity generation and stored therein in the form of potential energy, which allows its adjustment to the demand registered at all times.
\sqbullet Mejoras medioambientales y sociales en las zonas beneficiadas por el agua y energía generada.\ sqbullet Environmental and social improvements in the areas benefited by the water and energy generated.
\sqbullet Reducción de las emisiones de gases tóxicos a la atmósfera.■ Reduction of gas emissions Toxic to the atmosphere.
\sqbullet Se establece una red de generación y distribución de hidrógeno susceptibles de ser utilizados también para el suministro de vehículos provistos de pilas de combustible.\ sqbullet A generation network is established and hydrogen distribution that can also be used for the supply of vehicles equipped with batteries of fuel.
\sqbullet Se genera una nueva industria generadora de nuevos puestos de trabajo y con amplias posibilidades de expansión.\ sqbullet A new industry is generated generator of new jobs and with wide possibilities of expansion
En la figura n° 1 puede apreciarse un esquema de los distintos pasos del sistema descrito. En este esquema se muestra como mediante fuentes renovables, por ejemplo aerogeneradores, se produce corriente alterna que se transforma en corriente continua mediante rectificadores para su posterior uso en las pilas electrolíticas. En estas pilas, se obtiene hidrógeno a partir de agua de mar desalada, liberándose a la atmósfera oxígeno. Mediante el uso de bombas alimentadas por los propios aerogeneradores, y a través de hidroductos (gasoductos adaptados al transporte de hidrógeno) se transporta el hidrógeno. Este se combina con oxígeno del aire en pilas de combustible para producir corriente eléctrica, y vapor de agua que habrá de condensarse para tener agua líquida. Esta agua pura, pasa por un equipo mineralizador-neutralizador que la potabilice. Luego quedará embalsada para ser utilizada tanto para producir corriente eléctrica, como para el abasto.Figure 1 shows a scheme of the different steps of the system described. In this scheme you shows how through renewable sources, for example wind turbines, alternating current is produced that transforms into direct current through rectifiers for later use in The electrolytic batteries. In these batteries, hydrogen is obtained at from desalinated seawater, releasing oxygen into the atmosphere. Through the use of pumps powered by their own wind turbines, and through hydroducts (gas pipelines adapted to hydrogen transport) hydrogen is transported. This is combines with oxygen from the air in fuel cells to produce electric current, and water vapor to be condensed to have liquid water This pure water passes through a team Mineralizer-neutralizer that makes it drinkable. Then will be dammed to be used both to produce current electric, as for the supply.
En la figura n° 2 se muestra una aplicación de central de hidroacumulación en la que tenemos los aerogeneradores (1) que generan la corriente eléctrica, las pilas electrolíticas (2), el hidroducto (3), las células de combustible (4), en las que se produce electricidad (5) y agua para la presa de la minicentral (6). Luego esta agua, aprovechando el salto existente entre la presa y el embalse (9), será conducida mediante tuberías forzadas (7) hasta las turbinas (8), donde se produce corriente eléctrica (10).Figure 2 shows an application of hydroaccumulation plant in which we have wind turbines (1) that generate electric current, electrolytic batteries (2), the hydroduct (3), the fuel cells (4), in which electricity (5) and water is produced for the minicentral dam (6). Then this water, taking advantage of the leap between the dam and reservoir (9), will be conducted by forced pipes (7) to the turbines (8), where electric current is produced (10)
Esta aplicación está especialmente indicada en zonas con escasez de agua y con una orografía que la haga apta para la instalación de minicentrales hidráulicas.This application is especially indicated in areas with water scarcity and with a orography that makes it suitable for the installation of hydraulic mini-plants.
Así se disponen de unas condiciones ideales en la isla de Gran Canaria, donde además de las condiciones antes descritas, se dispone de abundante energía eólica y solar.Thus, ideal conditions are available in the Gran Canaria Island, where besides the conditions before described, there is abundant wind and solar energy.
El autor propone que se haga uso de los aerogeneradores ya existentes en el municipio de Santa Lucía de Tirajana, para generar hidrógeno a partir de agua desalada y conducirlo mediante un hidroducto a la presa de Chira. Al pie de dicha presa se instalarían las células de combustible, en las que el hidrógeno se combinaría con el aire produciendo electricidad que se vertería a la red eléctrica, y el vapor de agua generado se condensaría para ser tratado y posteriormente vertido en dicha presa. Dado que existe una caída de unos trescientos metros entre Chira y la presa de Soria, y de hecho ya existe un conducto de conexión entre ambas presas para aprovechar las aguas sobrantes de Chira; se hace evidente su aprovechamiento hidráulico, con la instalación de turbinas Pelton acopladas a sus respectivos generadores eléctricos. Por lo mencionado antes, la mayor parte de las infraestructuras ya existen, por lo que se reducirían considerablemente los gastos de puesta en marcha del sistema planteado. Al disponerse de dos embalses, cabe la posibilidad de convertir la central minihidráulica, en una central mixta con bombeo, que permitiría un mejor ajuste de la red en los momentos de menor demanda de energía. Mencionar las grandes ventajas de llevar agua a los municipios cumbreros, en los que la escasez de agua no sólo afecta a la agricultura y a sus gentes, sino a un medio ambiente cada vez mas amenazado por los extensos periodos de sequía.The author proposes that use be made of wind turbines already existing in the municipality of Santa Lucía de Tirajana, to generate hydrogen from desalinated water and conduct it by means of a hydroduct to the Chira dam. At the foot of said dam would install fuel cells, in which hydrogen would combine with air producing electricity that would be poured into the power grid, and the generated water vapor would would condense to be treated and subsequently poured into said dam. Since there is a fall of about three hundred meters between Chira and the Soria dam, and in fact there is already a conduit of connection between both dams to take advantage of the surplus waters of Chira; its hydraulic use is evident, with the installation of Pelton turbines coupled to their respective Electric generators. As mentioned before, most of infrastructure already exists, so it would be reduced considerably the start-up costs of the system raised. By having two reservoirs, it is possible to convert the minihydraulic power plant into a mixed power plant with pumping, which would allow a better network adjustment at times of Less energy demand. Mention the great advantages of carrying water to the ridge municipalities, in which the water shortage does not it only affects agriculture and its people, but a medium environment increasingly threatened by the extended periods of drought.
Claims (1)
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| ES200101717A ES2222765A1 (en) | 2001-07-13 | 2001-07-13 | Mini type hydrocarbon accumulated hydraulic power station for use in dam, has air-hydrogen fuel cells located on foot part of dam for generating electricity, where water is stored in energy storage cell of dam |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| ES200101717A ES2222765A1 (en) | 2001-07-13 | 2001-07-13 | Mini type hydrocarbon accumulated hydraulic power station for use in dam, has air-hydrogen fuel cells located on foot part of dam for generating electricity, where water is stored in energy storage cell of dam |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| ES2222765A1 true ES2222765A1 (en) | 2005-02-01 |
Family
ID=34354685
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| ES200101717A Pending ES2222765A1 (en) | 2001-07-13 | 2001-07-13 | Mini type hydrocarbon accumulated hydraulic power station for use in dam, has air-hydrogen fuel cells located on foot part of dam for generating electricity, where water is stored in energy storage cell of dam |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| ES (1) | ES2222765A1 (en) |
Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB2053966A (en) * | 1979-07-19 | 1981-02-11 | Wright G N | Storing electrical energy by electrolysis of water to produce hydrogen and oxygen |
| US4284899A (en) * | 1979-03-08 | 1981-08-18 | Bendiks Donald J | Gravity fed power generator |
| US4443707A (en) * | 1982-11-19 | 1984-04-17 | Frank Scieri | Hydro electric generating system |
-
2001
- 2001-07-13 ES ES200101717A patent/ES2222765A1/en active Pending
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4284899A (en) * | 1979-03-08 | 1981-08-18 | Bendiks Donald J | Gravity fed power generator |
| GB2053966A (en) * | 1979-07-19 | 1981-02-11 | Wright G N | Storing electrical energy by electrolysis of water to produce hydrogen and oxygen |
| US4443707A (en) * | 1982-11-19 | 1984-04-17 | Frank Scieri | Hydro electric generating system |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| EC2A | Search report published |
Date of ref document: 20050201 Kind code of ref document: A1 |
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| FC2A | Grant refused |
Effective date: 20061121 |