ES2216655B1 - TOWING TOWER. - Google Patents

Abstract

Shoring tower comprising: at least two telescopic floors of polygonal section each comprising angle braces braced by reinforcements that each include a crossbeam that extends between the ends of two consecutive uprights and an intermediate guide slide that it extends, from the crossbar, parallel to the uprights to its opposite ends; the uprights slide telescopically two by two into each other; the reinforcements being displaced transversely and sliding the sliders freely axially to provide vertical mutual guidance; and means for blocking the floors in an extended or retracted position; This telescopic unitary shoring tower has, in a retracted position, a restricted vertical volume that facilitates its storage and transport and, in an unfolded position, an adaptable height.

Description

Shoring tower

The present invention relates to a tower of shoring that is located in the field of public works and is refers more particularly to the construction or installation of large-area, or relatively large-area structures, in particular of bridges, especially constituted by concrete.

It is known, when construction takes place of said structures, hold the parts in the process of installation or construction by means of shoring towers Provisions arranged between the final supports.

Shoring towers are known and are widely used, particularly when the bridge construction However, shoring towers currently employed have the notable disadvantage of having to be assembled at the construction site from a set of constituent parts that are stored and transported disassembled The assembly and disassembly of a structure of this Type are long and need a specialized workforce. Further, labor is also required to load parts constitutive in a truck and for unloading. In total, the cost operating a shoring tower turns out to be constituted, for the most part, by the labor force necessary for its implementation.

An advantage that structures present currently employed is to be relatively easily adapted, in the course of assembly, to different heights of One work to the other. However, this advantage must be relativized, since it is currently common to have to build series of bridges that all have approximately same characteristics, and in particular substantially the same height (highways or railway lines on flat ground by example), for the construction of which the same towers of shoring can be used successively.

It is in this context that the invention provides propose a shoring tower that only needs a hand of very reduced work for its installation, and that is why it is of a operating cost much lower than the towers of current shoring, and that can be used as is for series constructions of structures all approximately identical, for example for series constructions of bridges.

To this end, a shoring tower is characterized, being arranged in accordance with the invention, because it includes:

- at least two section telescopic floors polygonal each comprising an angle uprights braced by reinforcements that each include a sleeper which extends between the ends of the consecutive uprights and an intermediate guide slide that extends from said naughty,) substantially parallel to said uprights until significantly opposite opposite ends of the uprights,

- the uprights of the floors being coupled two to two in each other slidingly telescopically,

- the corresponding reinforcements of the floors displaced transversely and the slides being corresponding solidarity in free axial sliding for provide vertical mutual guidance,

- and blocking means to block the floors in extended or retracted position.

Thanks to this provision, a shoring tower that is unitary, and that can therefore be used with only a very small workforce. It is easy give it transversal dimensions that allow its load on a standard truck platform and its load on this platform or its Unloading is done with the help of a crane, which is ubiquitous In all the works.

In addition, this shoring tower is telescopic and is therefore the tower assembly of shoring that is stored or transported in unit form. The conformation of the shoring tower, and the layout and the number of its constituent floors define a fork of Useful operating height and tower height can be adapted very simply and very quickly to the useful height of job.

The vertical deployment of the tower from its delayed shaping of storage and transport is done very simply raising, with the help of a crane, the upper floor which in turn drags the or lower floors. Conversely, the delayed commissioning of the tower is effect, after removal of the pins, retaining the floor upper with the help of a crane, and then letting down successively the floors one after the other with embedded mutual telescopic.

The operating cost of a tower of shoring in accordance with the invention is thus found considerably reduced, in particular because of the consequent decrease in labor cost, but also in reason for the speed with which placement and removal They can be done. The greatest security will also be observed obtained, since fall risks are eliminated until present run by the assemblers working on the parts high of the tower when the assembly and the disassembly

A shoring towers formed of so that they provide two or three forks of working heights they should allow to cover in a practical way most of the needs, in particular in terms of bridge construction in Serie.

In practice, so that the tower of shoring in retracted state can be loaded onto a truck without exceeding the current standard gauge, it is necessary that the height of the tower in a retracted state is not excessive: it is desirable that the tower comprises at least three floors telescopic

In a preferred embodiment, the tower It comprises three telescopic floors,

the uprights of the lower and upper floors they are telescopically sliding on the respective uprights of the central floor,

reinforcements of the lower and upper floors are displaced transversely respectively to each other side of the corresponding reinforcements of the central floor, and

the sleepers of the lower floor reinforcements they extend between the lower ends of the uprights and of the sleepers of the upper floor reinforcements extend between the upper ends of the uprights. In a simple way then, each reinforcement of the lower and upper floors comprises in addition two reinforcement legs that extend in V from the end free from the guide slide to the respective ends of the naughty; likewise, each reinforcement of the central floor comprises two lower and upper sleepers respectively and legs of reinforcement arranged diagonally between the respective ends of the sleepers and the center of the guide slide.

In a simple but reliable embodiment example and robust, means of solidarity in free axial sliding of the sliders of the two consecutive floors are of the type of rod inserted into a narrow opening throat, belonging the rod and throat respectively to both sliders; in the case of the cited preferred embodiment, it can be advantageously provided that the slide of each reinforcement of the central floor is conformed in double rod with a section transverse approximately in I and that the sliders corresponding reinforcements of the lower and upper floors are conformed with a throat with narrow opening.

Always in a simple way, the blocking means they include holes provided in the uprights and some pins inserted in said facing holes.

Advantageously, the upper floor comprises a Work platform for some workers.

In practice, the shoring tower has a quadrangular contour, particularly rectangular or square.

The invention will be better understood with reading of the detailed description that follows in some ways realization given only by way of non-limiting examples. In this description reference will be made to the attached plans, in the which:

- Figure 1 is a side view of a tower unitary telescopic shoring arranged in accordance with the invention, represented in deployed situation;

- Figure 2 is a side view of the tower of shoring of figure 1 represented in situation withdrawn

- Figure 3 is a partial view above the shoring tower of figures 1 and 2;

- Figure 4 is a side view of a mode of preferred embodiment of a shoring tower according to the invention, represented in a deployed situation;

- Figure 5 is a side view of the tower of shoring of figure 6 represented in a retracted situation; Y

- Figure 6 is a view above one side of the tower of figures 4 and 5.

In the description that follows, reference will be made more particularly to a contour shoring tower quadrangular polygonal, and more specifically rectangular or square, since it is this conformation that seems to have to be the most commonly used in practice, remaining understood however that the provisions of the invention find an application in any shoring tower that have any polygonal contour, regular or irregular.

Referring in principle to figures 1 to 3, the shoring tower 1 comprises several floors 2_ {1}, 2_ {2}, 2_ {3}, ... telescopic contour type polygonal.

Each floor comprises an angle 3 braced by reinforcements 4.

Each reinforcement 4 is made up of at least a crossbar 5 (located in the upper position in the assembly illustrated in figures 1 to 3) that extends between the ends of two uprights 3 and an intermediate guide slide 6 which is extends, substantially from the center of said cross member 5, substantially parallel to the uprights 3 until noticeably facing opposite ends of said uprights 3.

To reinforce the structure, reinforcements 4 of the upper floors 2_ {2}, 2_ {3}, ... may comprise also two reinforcement legs 7 arranged in V that join approximately the free end (bottom in figures 1 to 3) of the slide 6 to the respective ends of the cross member 5.

To provide increased rigidity at lower floor 2_ {1}, you can expect reinforcements 4_ {1} of this floor comprise, on the one hand, a second naughty 8 arranged inferiorly and receiving the lower end of the corresponding slide and, on the other hand, two diagonals 9 that cross significantly in the center of the slide and in solidarity with it.

In the illustrated example, the uprights 2 of the floors successively telescoping the ones in the others: 3_ {3} uprights can enter the uprights 3_ {2}, and these in turn in the 3_ {1} uprights.

The reinforcements of the successive floors are transversely displaced with respect to each other's progressive way as it appears best in partial view by above figure 3: if for example each floor reinforcement 4_ {1}  lower 2_ {1} is located in the plane defined by two 3_ {1} uprights, the corresponding reinforcement 4_ {2} of the second floor 2_ {2} is shifted outwards, and then the corresponding reinforcement 4_ {3} of the third floor 2_ {3} is displaced outward with respect to the reinforcement 4_ {2}, etc.

Thanks to this mutual displacement of reinforcements, can be done so that the sliders corresponding 6 intermediate can be solidarity two to two in free axial sliding to provide mutual guidance vertical. In particular this solidarity in free sliding axial can be obtained using an assembly structure with protruding rod inserted into an opening throat narrowed In the example illustrated in Figure 3, each slide  It is shaped, on the one hand, in the form of an outstanding rod (in general approximately T) 10 and, on the other hand, in throat with narrow opening 11 that receives the head of the rod 10.

Finally, blocking means are used to block successive floors in extension position, as illustrated in figure 1. In a simple way, these means of blocking may consist of holes 12 provided at the lower and upper ends of the uprights 3 and by pins or pins inserted in holes 12, placed in coincidence, which belong respectively to the extremes upper levels of a floor and at the lower ends of the immediately upper floor studs.

In addition, at least one of the floors (for example the floor 2_ {3} in figure 1) can have its uprights 3 provided with a succession of holes 13 in all or part of its height so that the vertical highlight of the corresponding floor 2_ {3} with respect to the lower floor 2_ {2} can be adjusted depending on the total height that the tower must present shoring for the required use. Of course, it's the uprights of any floor that can be so equipped and eventually the amounts of all the floors can be.

Thanks to the provisions provided in the framework of the invention, each floor can be retracted on an adjacent floor so that in a fully retracted situation, the tower of shoring is virtually reduced to its lower floor as It is illustrated in Figure 2.

Giving the tower a maximum transverse dimension on the order of 2.20 m x 2.20 m, with a height of the order of 3 m a 3.50 m in a retracted position, it is possible to place the assembly illustrated in figure 2 on a truck platform for your transport. At the place of use, the unit block is manipulated with the crane for unloading and placement. Is also with the help of the crane that unfolds the tower: the upper floor is raised, then provided with pins on the underlying floor, and so on.

In practice, it seems that some structures with two or three floors must allow to cover most of the needs In the case of a structure with three floors, you can advantageously resorting to the preferred embodiment illustrated in figures 4 and 5.

This preferred embodiment differs from embodiment described above with respect to Figures 1 to 3 essentially because of the fact that the main floor (ie the one that is appropriate to accommodate the other two floors telescopically retracted in the retracted conformation of the shoring tower) is no longer the lower floor 2_ {1}, but the central floor 2_ {c}. The section of the tubular uprights 3 of  this central floor is then appropriate to receive telescopic the uprights 3 of the lower floor 2_ {i} ;, the which in turn have an appropriate section to receive telescopic the uprights 3 of the upper floor 2_ {s}.

Likewise, floor reinforcements are arranged in relation to the particular conformation cited.

The reinforcements 4 'of the central floor 2_ {c} are constituted identically to those of the lower floor 2_ {1} cited, with a slide 6 'supported by two sleepers high 5 and low 8 and by two diagonals 9 '. These reinforcements are located substantially in the respective planes defined by some 3 consecutive stiles.

The 2_ {i} and 2_ {s} telescopic floors are constituted identically to floors 2_ {2}, 2_ {3}, ... cited. Each reinforcement 4 comprises a slide 6 positioned by a sleeper 5 and two reinforcement legs 7. So that the slides 6 of the reinforcements 4 of the floors 2_ {i} and 2_ {s} can cooperate in free axial sliding with the 6 'slide from the central floor 2_ {c}, the reinforcements 4 are arranged in position displaced transversely to either side of the reinforcement 4'. In addition the two floors 2_ {i} and 2_ {c} are mounted gualdrapeados, the free end of the floor slide 6 bottom 2_ {i} turned up and the end being free of the slide 6 of the upper floor 2_ {s} turned down.

To simplify the structure, it can be foreseen, as illustrated in the partial view above the figure 6, that the slide 6 'of the central floor 2_ {c}, be double and It consists of a profile of approximately I whose two crossbars are highlighted respectively towards the inside and out and form the cited rods. In this case, the sliders 6 of the lower floors 2_ {i} and upper 2_ {s} can each be constituted by a U-profile that cover one end of the I profile, with transverse fingers inserted in the back of the crossbar corresponding to the I to ensure retention and mutual guidance of slides 6 and 6 'in the manner of an opening throat narrow.

In the example illustrated in Figures 4 to 6, the slide 6 of the lower floor 2_ {i} is displaced transversely outward and thus cooperates with the bar  cross section of the I profile turned outward while the slide 6 of the upper floor 2_ {s} is displaced transversely inwards and cooperates with the bar cross section of the I profile turned inwards.

In this preferred embodiment, on the bottom 3 pillars 2_ {i} that are equipped with the set of regulating holes 13 that allow adjustment in height of the shoring tower 1 '.

Figure 5 illustrates the shoring tower 1 ' of figure 4 in retracted conformation for storage or transport.

Taking into account the general conformation telescopic tubular tower shoring, can be take advantage of the presence of the central free space to equip the upper floor with a work platform 14 mounted so permanent (see figure 4) which, in the retracted position illustrated in Figure 5, goes into the central space.

Of course, the shoring tower of according to the invention is equipped with usual accessories in this type of structure; in particular, as shown in the Figure 4, it can be equipped with jacks 15 fixed in the upper ends of the uprights 3 of the upper floor at the end of load bearing and deepening feet 16 fixed in the lower ends of the uprights 3 of the lower floor in order to allow the removal of the shoring tower once Finished the work.

The shoring tower according to the invention is appropriate to confer a very large security, both when placement / removal takes place and when Work on the construction site takes place:

- the suppression of the assembly / disassembly phases eliminates the presence of assemblers and there is therefore no longer personnel at height (elimination of fall hazards): Tower placement is done with the help of a crane;

- for work on site, presence integrated of a work platform constitutes a security for the workers (formwork for concrete works).

Claims (10)

1. Shoring tower, characterized in that it comprises: - at least two telescopic floors (2_ {1}, 2_ {2}, ...; 2_ {s}, 2_ {c}, 2_ {i}) of polygonal section that each one comprises angle struts (3) braced by reinforcements (4, 4 ') that each include a sleeper (5, 8) that extends between the ends of two consecutive uprights (3) and an intermediate guide slide (6, 6 ') that is extends, from said naughty (5), substantially parallel to said uprights until substantially against the opposite ends of the uprights, - the stiles (3) of the floors being coupled two by two in a sliding way telescopically, - the corresponding reinforcements being (4, 4 ') of floors displaced transversely and the corresponding sliders (6, 6 ') solidarity in free axial sliding to provide vertical mutual guidance, - and blocking means (12, 13) to block floors in an extended or retracted position, thanks to which it constitutes a telescopic unitary shoring tower that, in retracted position, has a restricted vertical volume that facilitates its storage and transport and, in an unfolded position It can have an adaptable height. 2. Shoring tower according to claim 1, characterized in that it comprises at least three telescopic floors. 3. Shoring tower according to claim 2, characterized in that it comprises three telescopic floors (2_ {s}, 2_ {c}, 2_ {i}), because the uprights (3) of the lower floors (2_ {i}) and upper (2_ {s}) are telescopically sliding on the respective uprights (3) of the central floor (2_ {c}), because the reinforcements (4) of the lower floors (2_ {i}) and (2_ {s}) they are displaced transversely respectively on either side of the corresponding reinforcements (4 ') of the central floor (2_ {c}), and because the sleepers (5) of the reinforcements (4) of the lower floor (2_ {i}) are they extend between the lower ends of the uprights (3) and the sleepers (5) of the reinforcements (4) of the upper floor (2_s) extend between the upper ends of the uprights (3). 4. Shoring tower according to claim 3, characterized in that each reinforcement (4) of the lower (2_ {) and upper (2_ {s)) floors further comprises two reinforcement legs (7) extending in V from the free end of the guide slide (6) to the respective ends of the cross member (5). 5. Shoring tower according to claim 3 or 4, characterized in that each reinforcement (4 ') of the central floor comprises two crossbeams respectively lower (8) and upper (5) and reinforcement legs (9) arranged diagonally between the ends respective of the sleepers (5, 8) and the center of the guide slide (6 '). 6. Shoring tower according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the means of solidarity in free axial sliding of the slides (6, 6 ') of two consecutive floors are of the type of rod introduced in a throat with narrow opening, the rod and throat respectively to the two sliders. 7. Shoring tower according to claims 3 and 6, characterized in that the slide (6 ') of each reinforcement (4') of the central floor (2_ {c}) is formed in double rod with a cross-section approximately in I and because the corresponding slides (6) of the reinforcements (4) of the lower (2_ {i}) and upper (2_ {s}) floors are formed with a throat with a narrow opening. 8. Shoring tower according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the blocking means comprise holes (12, 13) provided in the uprights (3) and pins inserted in said facing holes. 9. Shoring tower according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the upper floor comprises a work platform (14) for workers. 10. Shoring tower according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that it has a quadrangular contour, in particular rectangular or square.