ES2197324T3 - DEVICE FOR LOCKING AND UNLOCKING A DOOR, ESPECIALLY A SECURITY DOOR. - Google Patents

Abstract

The security door lock and release has a remotely controlled electromagnet (32) and a mechanical unit (30) made up of a hook (50) with an open recess (54). The motion of the hook is linked to the movement of the electromagnet. The recess in the hook co-operates with a pin (74) fixed to the corresponding vertical upright of the door frame. The mechanical unit has support for each pin to absorb the vertical forces. The hook is mounted so that it pivots between two extreme positions, one clear of the pin and the other engaging the pin. The hook absorbs the horizontal forces.

Description

Locking and unlocking device of a door, especially a security door.

The present invention aims at a door locking and unlocking device, especially of a security door installed at an interior or exterior point of a sporting event, such as a stadium. The invention It also aims at the door equipped in this way.

The problems that can be known are well known. engender mass movements, especially when it occurs A general panic In the stadiums, for example, the spectators they are imprisoned against the bars that surround the land of the sports tests for those who descend to the ground, without they can escape, which causes catastrophes.

To remedy this problem, they have been put to point some systems of bars that can be opened remotely. These bars are joined together and the opening of one of they also release the others that can also be opened. This is The object of patent FR-A-2 586 057

It is therefore necessary that the door in charge of block the others open when necessary, forcing to the use of means of blocking and releasing large reliability

It is even planned to multiply the doors with remote opening so that reliability must be high but also reliability for obvious reasons of maintenance.

However, it is equally necessary that the indicated bars develop their functions when there is no problem or any danger, that is, the function of preventing access to the field, especially to spectators and More sick fans.

It has been found that the pressure on the bars exercised by the indicated group viewers can achieve very important values that can be expressed in tons.

It has also been verified that the personnel of these facilities was not always certain of a setting in correct installation service so that they result Several people needed to ensure controls. In effect, these locks are activated only when it occurs a test, but they are inactive in the absence of public, and this as minimum for two reasons, one of installation verification every once it is put into service and another to allow free circulation between the stands and the ground in view of the Entertainment operations

Another problem that needs to be resolved when Doors open by voluntary unlocking in case of danger, it consists in the fact that the door must be ajar immediately as a result of the thrust of the spectators, but also without this push action to put manifest that the door is really open and induce Some of them are heading towards these doors.

On the contrary, it is also necessary that the door is retained in its movement towards the position of opening so that it does not open excessively easily, engendering the risk of causing the first fall spectators who present themselves, complicating the evacuation of the following viewers.

Locking elements are already known that they use electromagnetic elements in the form of suction cups. In this arrangement, high power suction cups guarantee only the door lock when these suckers are fed, but it is understood that if there is a drop in network intensity, viewers who are leaning against door and exert considerable pressure against it, they will tend to cause the opening of said door, which It can also determine certain movements of the masses.

Through GB-A-2 179 626 is already known a locking device - unlocking a door comprising a frame one of whose vertical uprights involves turning means with with respect to a vertical post of absorption of efforts, remaining leaning the other vertical upright against a vertical post of closing. The lock-unlock device comprises, mounted on the closing post, at least one unit mechanical locking / unlocking and at least one unit of electromagnetic lock / unlock, comprising that unit mechanical a fixed block equipped with a slit arranged to receive a locking lug attached to the corresponding vertical amount of the door frame and provided with a step circular. The fixed block also includes a ball and some projections   mobiles of this ball so that it penetrates the circular hole of the lug inserted in the slit, blocking the lug in this way with respect to the block fixed.

There is still a problem, related to cost of the devices given that those responsible for these sports facilities must provide for installation costs, maintenance costs and, especially, pursues the highest possible degree of reliability for the investments made of this way.

Therefore, the present invention proposes a Remote governed lock / unlock system, which features a very high degree of reliability, even in the event of a fall network current, which is very easy to maintain, which allows to directly visualize the proper functioning of the blocking when put into service, that is, when the manual closing of the door, which reaches a cost price compatible with existing products and comprising a mechanical demultiplication element that allows to resist significant thrust efforts.

For this purpose, the invention aims at a security gate especially for demonstration stages public, provided with a locking / unlocking device, said door comprising a frame and a sealing device positioned between the frame studs, comprising one of the amounts of this frame tilting means with respect to the vertical post of absorption of stresses while the other vertical stud stops against a vertical closing post, comprising the said locking / unlocking device, mounted on said closing post, at least one unit of mechanical locking / unlocking and at least one unit of electromagnetic lock / unlock, said unit cooperating mechanics with at least one element fixed to the corresponding vertical amount of the frame, characterized in that said element fixed to the vertical upright is a nail arranged to cooperate with an open housing of a hook of said mechanical unit, the latter comprising support means for each nail, absorbing the vertical forces, the hook being mounted so that you can swing between two extreme positions, in a from which the nail is released, while the other is raised, under the action of the electromagnetic unit, in whose position is locked said nail, absorbing the aforementioned hook horizontal efforts.

According to a special provision, the support means comprise at least one square with a branch horizontal on which you can slide the nail and a vertical branch oriented upwards, this square being in solidarity closing post and the hook being mounted so that it can swing with respect to this square. More particularly, the support means comprise two brackets forming a fork,  between which the hook is mounted so that it can rotate on an axis.

According to a preferred form of realization it is further provided that the mechanical unit comprises a solidarity lever of the hook, which starts in front of the housing open and supports on its limb a counterplate arranged to Cooperate with the electromagnetic unit, presenting this lever a slope immediately above the open housing of the hook intended to facilitate the cooperation of the nail with said open hook housing.

In order to facilitate the assembly of the counterplate, it is articulated with respect to the lever.

According to a preferred arrangement, the unit mechanical comprises several mechanical units joined by rocker arms, one of whose mechanical units are coupled to a single electromagnetic unit.

According to an improvement, the unit mechanics comprises at least one complementary square, whose branch vertical is facing down and a supplementary nail ready to cooperate with this square so that the door be held above and below between these squares.

The electromagnetic unit comprises a suction cup electromagnetic, solidary of the closing post, fed with Electric power and governed at a distance.

A refinement provides for bright means supported by one of the posts to inform about the status of opening or closing the door.

The invention also aims at the door equipped with a device comprising a lower python and a upper python, supportive of the stress absorption post and planned to cooperate with the corresponding vertical amount of the frame, the lower python being provided with means of gravity opening equipped with angle adjustment means opening.

According to some improvements, the set comprises braking means of the door opening, as well as mechanical means to open it when they are Inactive electromagnetic media.

The present invention is described in a manner detailed through a particular embodiment, not limiting, referring to the attached drawings, whose different figures represent:

- figure 1, an elevation view of a door equipped with the device that is the subject of the invention,

- figure 2, a detail of the whole device,

- Figures 3A and 3B, detailed views of one of the device locking / unlocking means, in position active and inactive, respectively,

- figure 4, a front view, in position active, of one of the locking / unlocking means,

- figure 5, a media view complementary maintenance of the fence in position inactive,

- figure 6, a vertical section view of the lower door pivot,

- figure 7, a horizontal section view of the lower door pivot,

- figure 8, a view of the upper pivot of the door.

In figure 1 a door 10 is shown made from a frame 12, mounted so that it can rotate with respect to a vertical support post 14 by means of two upper 16 and lower 18 pivots.

Another vertical post 20, of closure, supports the device constituting object of the invention, being solidarity this post to the support post 14 by means of a crossbar 22.

The door also includes a strong fence metal 24 tensioned between the frames of the frame 12.

In the embodiment shown, the support post 14 has a U-shaped section such as It is visible in Figures 6 and 7.

The closing post 20 is preferably located constituted by a section profile in H, as can be seen in the embodiment represented in figure 2, being parallel the wings 26 to the plane of the door when it is in the closing position, so that the central branch 28 of said H profile is perpendicular to this plane.

The locking / unlocking device comprises at least one mechanical locking / unlocking unit 30 and one unit electromagnetic locking / unlocking 32 combined with the unit mechanics.

In figure 2, it has also been represented a connecting rod 34 between the two mechanical units 30.

Details 3A and 3B can be seen of each of the mechanical 30 and electromagnetic units 32.

Reference is made indifferently to these figures in the description below.

The mechanical unit comprises a fork 36 formed by two squares 38 that have a horizontal branch 40 and a vertical branch 42 directed upwards.

The horizontal branch presents a profile particular, in the sense that its limb 44 is rounded to facilitate placement in the locked position as will be indicated later in the description.

This fork is fixed to bore 28 of the post in a rigid way, by screwing or welding.

Crosswise with respect to the fork is mounted a bearing 46 that supports a shaft 48.

On this axis 48 it is mounted so that you can freely rotate a hook 50, which is arranged between the two squares 38 that constitute the expressed fork.

This hook has a free tip 52 rounded to facilitate blocking as explained in the description that follows, as well as an open concave housing 54 intended to ensure blocking.

This hook 50 is integral with a lever 56 of demultiplication consisting of two plates 58 with a crossbar 60

This lever is in solidarity with you inferior to the hook through any suitable system such as a weld and in the part corresponding to this union, the plates 58 have a special profile with a slope 62 that is in extension of the open housing 54 of the hook.

An articulated head 64 is integral with this gear lever or, more exactly, a crossbar 65 solidarity of the plates 58.

The sphere 66 of the head is integral with the lever and shaft 68 perpendicular to crossbar 65 supports a counterplate 70.

This counterplate 70 is this way articulated with respect to lever 56.

The electromagnetic locking / unlocking unit it comprises a magnetic suction cup 72, of the type known per se, powered by electric power through the power grid general and governed by the remote control circuit centralized in a central position.

In the embodiment that has been represented, when the suction cup is fed with energy electric develops a traction capable of resisting some Hundreds of kilograms.

The suction cup is in solidarity with the post of closure, more particularly to wing 26 of the H profile.

The device understands as it already is known some protrusions 74, remarkably sized, supportive of the door frame 12 and intended to cooperate with the unit Mechanical lock / unlock. These projections are constituted by a cylinder made from a material resistant to mechanical stress and wear and preferably self-lubricated, a material sold under the trade name "ERTALON".

These projections present their axis of revolution oriented parallel to the axis of rotation 48 of the bearing 46.

The operation of the units of Mechanical and electromagnetic locking / unlocking is simple, since it is sufficient to power the suction cup 72 with electric power and of manually pushing the door. Indeed, the nail 74 stops against the tip 44 of the brackets 38 of the fork 36 which,  because of its rounded shape, it facilitates the sliding of that outgoing.

This python slides over the horizontal branches 40 of the squares until you trip on lever 56 of demultiplication, more accurately, with slope 62, and pushes this lever 56 which produces as a direct consequence the tilting of the hook 50 around the axis 48.

The open housing 54 of the hook cooperates with the nail 74.

The gearbox lever 56 scales also until the counter plate is close enough to suction cup 72, applying against it, attracted by forces   Electromagnetic generated.

It can be verified that the python is supported by the fork and its two brackets, while the hook prevents the recoil movement, consequently preventing the opening of the door.

From the moment the power is cut of the suction cup, the hook by its own weight determines the tilting the lever, releasing the door in view of its opening.

It should be noted that even in case of thrust over the door simultaneously with the interruption of the power supply, the form adopted by the housing Open hook allows opening, since the eventual force thrust is exercised in the same direction so that safety in regards to openness it should be considered total.

With regard to the second mechanical unit, the hook is governed by connecting rod 34 rising so synchronized with the first.

This allows to dispense with a second suction cup, counting at the same time with a double point of lock / unlock.

It should also be noted that the power of the suction cup may be diminished since it develops only one maintenance function in hook position with one arm demultiplier and should not support live all of the exerted efforts

In this way it is possible to reduce the power required and the number of suction cups, which decreases the Failure production risks, as well as costs, number of power and government points and the expenses of conservation, while maintaining the system of Lock / unlock through several points.

The individualization of the functions and of the action of each of the organs of the device allows each of them to be sized adequate.

Improvements are also planned such as a guide system 76 at the top.

This guidance system is constituted by a square 78 analogous to the square 38, fixed so identical on the closing post, being provided the frame of the door of an additional python 80. analogous to the projections 74.

On the contrary, the squad is oriented with its vertical branch 82 directed downwards.

In this way, the door fits perfectly guided between the different squares 38 and 78, which guarantees that the hooks should not withstand any effort, owing only retain the corresponding pythons.

In the same way, in order to allow control of the proper functioning of the lock / unlock, it has planned a set of two electroluminescent diodes one of the which lights up when the counter plate is away from the suction cup, while the other remains off, what happens opposite when the counter plate is applied against the suction cup electromagnetic, which allows the person who closes the door can know when closing or also in any another moment that the door is perfectly closed and locked in this position.

In figure 5 a position is represented of the device that is the subject of the invention, in the one that the gearbox lever and the counter plate are sufficiently separated from the suction cup so that, even in case not feeding the latter, the hook keeps the pythons only for the door to remain ajar.

It is necessary to provide an accessory supplementary in the form of a latch 84.

A pivot is provided in figures 6 and 7 bottom comprising a socket 90, a U section profile 92, the corresponding amount 93 of frame 12 can be rotated on a 64 axis integral with the socket. A tubular support 96 is integral of a stage 98 mounted so that it can rotate freely around the aforementioned axis 94.

Between the frame and the amount of the frame is interposed a ring 100 of an antifriction material.

In order to allow automatic opening of the door a few degrees when the counter plate is released by interrupting the power supply, it has provided a known means comprising an axis 102, integral with the upright 93 of frame 12 that rests against the limb of tubular support 96, cut according to a certain pending.

As can be seen in figure 7, the plate can be adjusted angularly thanks to the forecast of an opening 104, in view of modifying the opening angle.

Figure 8 shows the pivot upper comprising a shaft 106, welded to a plate 108, the which, in turn, is welded to profile 92.

A ring 110 guarantees the centering of the profile 93 of the frame 12.

It is also possible to provide for improvement  useful in the form of a hydraulic shock absorber door commonly called `` groom '' that is arranged according to a reverse operation, that is to say that it stops the door opening when this opening is triggered  which prevents the first people susceptible to rushing over the door run the risk of experiencing a fall, being slightly slowed and can even lean slightly against the door without it opening in a way excessively sharp.

Claims (13)

1. Security door especially for public demonstration stages, provided with a locking / unlocking device, said door comprising a frame (12) and a sealing element (24) positioned between the uprights of this frame, comprising one of the uprights vertical of said frame means of rotation with respect to a stress absorbing post (14) while the other vertical upright abuts against a closing post (20), said locking / unlocking device, mounted on the said post of closure (20), at least one mechanical locking / unlocking unit (30) and at least one electromagnetic locking / unlocking unit (32), said mechanical unit cooperating with at least one element (74) fixed to the corresponding vertical upright of the frame (12), characterized in that said element (74) fixed to the vertical upright is a python arranged to cooperate with an open housing (54) of a hook (50) of said unit me tapered (30), the latter comprising support means (35) of each python (74), absorbing the vertical stresses, the hook (50) being mounted in a tilting manner with the possibility of adopting two extreme positions, one tilted, in the that the python (74) is released, and another raised, under the action of an electromagnetic unit (32), in which the said python (74) is blocked, absorbing the said hook (50) horizontal forces. 2. Security door according to claim 1, characterized in that the support means comprise at least one square (38) with a horizontal branch (40) on which the python slides and a vertical branch (42) oriented upwards, said being Solidarity square to the closing post (20), and the hook being pivotally mounted on this square. 3. Security door according to claim 2, characterized in that the support means comprise two brackets (38) forming a fork (36), between which the hook is mounted so that it can swing around an axis (48). Security door according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the mechanical unit (30) comprises a lever (56) integral with the hook (50), which starts next to the open housing (54) and which at its opposite end carries a counter plate (70) arranged to cooperate with the electromagnetic unit (32). 5. Security door according to claim 4, characterized in that the lever (56) has a part (62) immediately located above the open housing of the hook arranged to facilitate the cooperation of the python with this open housing of the hook. 6. Security door according to claim 4 or 5, characterized in that the counter plate (70) has an articulation (64) with respect to the lever. Security door according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it comprises several mechanical units (30) coupled by means of connecting rods (34), one of whose mechanical units is coupled to a single electromagnetic unit (32). Security door according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the mechanical unit (30) comprises at least one additional square (78), whose vertical branch (82) is oriented downwards and a supplementary python (80), arranged to cooperate with this square so that the door (10) is held above and below between said squares. Security door according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the electromagnetic unit comprises an electromagnetic suction cup (72), integral with the closing post (20), powered by electrical energy and remotely governed. 10. Security door according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that one of the posts supports luminous means for informing about the state of opening or closing of the door. 11. Security door according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it comprises an upper pivot and a lower pivot, integral with the stress absorbing post and intended to cooperate with the corresponding vertical upright of the frame, the lower pivot comprising opening means by gravity (96, 102) equipped with means of adjustment (98) of the opening angle. 12. Security door according to claim 11, characterized in that it comprises braking means of the door opening movement. 13. Security door according to claim 11 or 12, characterized in that it comprises mechanical means (84) for determining that the door is ajar when the electromagnetic means are inactive.