ES2151069T3 - Recubrimiento de conversion y procedimiento y solucion para la formacion del mismo. - Google Patents
Recubrimiento de conversion y procedimiento y solucion para la formacion del mismo.Info
- Publication number
- ES2151069T3 ES2151069T3 ES95921651T ES95921651T ES2151069T3 ES 2151069 T3 ES2151069 T3 ES 2151069T3 ES 95921651 T ES95921651 T ES 95921651T ES 95921651 T ES95921651 T ES 95921651T ES 2151069 T3 ES2151069 T3 ES 2151069T3
- Authority
- ES
- Spain
- Prior art keywords
- metal
- pct
- conversion coating
- procedure
- formation
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 238000007739 conversion coating Methods 0.000 title abstract 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title abstract 2
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 title 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 5
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 abstract 5
- 229910044991 metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 3
- 150000004706 metal oxides Chemical class 0.000 abstract 2
- 239000003929 acidic solution Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000007800 oxidant agent Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 229910052761 rare earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C22/00—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals
- C23C22/05—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using aqueous solutions
- C23C22/06—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using aqueous solutions using aqueous acidic solutions with pH less than 6
- C23C22/48—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using aqueous solutions using aqueous acidic solutions with pH less than 6 not containing phosphates, hexavalent chromium compounds, fluorides or complex fluorides, molybdates, tungstates, vanadates or oxalates
- C23C22/56—Treatment of aluminium or alloys based thereon
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C22/00—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals
- C23C22/82—After-treatment
- C23C22/83—Chemical after-treatment
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C22/00—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals
- C23C22/05—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using aqueous solutions
- C23C22/06—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using aqueous solutions using aqueous acidic solutions with pH less than 6
- C23C22/48—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using aqueous solutions using aqueous acidic solutions with pH less than 6 not containing phosphates, hexavalent chromium compounds, fluorides or complex fluorides, molybdates, tungstates, vanadates or oxalates
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C22/00—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals
- C23C22/78—Pretreatment of the material to be coated
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Chemical Treatment Of Metals (AREA)
- Application Of Or Painting With Fluid Materials (AREA)
- Materials For Medical Uses (AREA)
- Fuel Cell (AREA)
- Chemically Coating (AREA)
- Other Surface Treatments For Metallic Materials (AREA)
- Glass Compositions (AREA)
- Battery Electrode And Active Subsutance (AREA)
- Hybrid Cells (AREA)
Abstract
UN PROCESO PARA FORMAR UN REVESTIMIENTO DE CONVERSION EN LA SUPERFICIE DE UN METAL, QUE INCLUYE LA PUESTA EN CONTACTO DEL METAL CON UNA SOLUCION ACIDA QUE CONTENGA UN OXIDANTE CON EL FIN DE INICIAR EL CRECIMIENTO DE UNA ESTRUCTURA DE CELULA DE OXIDO DE METAL EN LA SUPERFICIE DE METAL; PUESTA EN CONTACTO DEL METAL CON AGUA DURANTE UN PERIODO DE TIEMPO SUFICIENTE PARA ESPESAR EL OXIDO Y FORMAR UN OXIDO DE METAL QUE CONTENGA UNA CAPA DE UN GROSOR DESEADO; Y TRATAMIENTO DEL METAL CON UNO O MAS ELEMENTOS DE TIERRA RARA CON EL FIN DE IMPREGNAR Y SUSTANCIALMENTE OBTURAR EL OXIDO DE METAL.
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| AUPM6211A AUPM621194A0 (en) | 1994-06-10 | 1994-06-10 | Conversion coating and process for its formation |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| ES2151069T3 true ES2151069T3 (es) | 2000-12-16 |
Family
ID=3780781
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| ES95921651T Expired - Lifetime ES2151069T3 (es) | 1994-06-10 | 1995-06-09 | Recubrimiento de conversion y procedimiento y solucion para la formacion del mismo. |
Country Status (13)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US6022425A (es) |
| EP (1) | EP0769080B1 (es) |
| JP (1) | JP3963944B2 (es) |
| KR (1) | KR970704070A (es) |
| AT (1) | ATE196514T1 (es) |
| AU (2) | AUPM621194A0 (es) |
| CA (1) | CA2192449C (es) |
| CZ (1) | CZ359896A3 (es) |
| DE (1) | DE69518923T2 (es) |
| ES (1) | ES2151069T3 (es) |
| NO (1) | NO315569B1 (es) |
| PL (1) | PL317482A1 (es) |
| WO (1) | WO1995034693A1 (es) |
Families Citing this family (29)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| NZ273541A (en) | 1993-09-13 | 1997-11-24 | Commw Scient Ind Res Org | Cleaning metal surfaces by treatment with alkaline cleaning solution and then with rare earth ion-containing, acidic solution; metal surfaces coated with rare earth (compounds) |
| AUPM621194A0 (en) * | 1994-06-10 | 1994-07-07 | Commonwealth Scientific And Industrial Research Organisation | Conversion coating and process for its formation |
| PL320138A1 (en) | 1994-11-11 | 1997-09-15 | Commw Scient Ind Res Org | Method of and solution for obtaining a conversive coating on metal surface |
| GB2328447A (en) * | 1997-08-16 | 1999-02-24 | British Aerospace | A desmutting solution for use prior to anodising |
| US6620519B2 (en) | 1998-04-08 | 2003-09-16 | Lockheed Martin Corporation | System and method for inhibiting corrosion of metal containers and components |
| US6500276B1 (en) * | 1998-12-15 | 2002-12-31 | Lynntech Coatings, Ltd. | Polymetalate and heteropolymetalate conversion coatings for metal substrates |
| AUPQ633200A0 (en) | 2000-03-20 | 2000-04-15 | Commonwealth Scientific And Industrial Research Organisation | Process and solution for providing a conversion coating on a metallic surface I |
| AUPQ633300A0 (en) | 2000-03-20 | 2000-04-15 | Commonwealth Scientific And Industrial Research Organisation | Process and solution for providing a conversion coating on a metallic surface ii |
| US6461683B1 (en) | 2000-10-04 | 2002-10-08 | Lockheed Martin Corporation | Method for inorganic paint to protect metallic surfaces exposed to moisture, salt and extreme temperatures against corrosion |
| US7005056B2 (en) * | 2000-10-04 | 2006-02-28 | The Johns Hopkins University | Method for inhibiting corrosion of alloys employing electrochemistry |
| US7235142B2 (en) * | 2002-01-04 | 2007-06-26 | University Of Dayton | Non-toxic corrosion-protection rinses and seals based on cobalt |
| US7294211B2 (en) * | 2002-01-04 | 2007-11-13 | University Of Dayton | Non-toxic corrosion-protection conversion coats based on cobalt |
| AU2002953190A0 (en) * | 2002-12-09 | 2002-12-19 | Commonwealth Scientific And Industrial Research Organisation | Aqueous coating solutions and method for the treatment of a metal surface |
| ES2717205T3 (es) * | 2003-01-17 | 2019-06-19 | Univ Missouri | Revestimientos resistentes a la corrosión que contienen carbono |
| US7601425B2 (en) * | 2003-03-07 | 2009-10-13 | The Curators Of The University Of Missouri | Corrosion resistant coatings containing carbon |
| WO2005047565A1 (de) * | 2003-11-07 | 2005-05-26 | Henkel Kommanditgesellschaft Auf Aktien | Farbige chromfreie konversionsschichten auf metalloberflächen |
| US7452427B2 (en) | 2004-12-01 | 2008-11-18 | Deft, Inc. | Corrosion resistant conversion coatings |
| DE102005023729A1 (de) * | 2005-05-23 | 2006-11-30 | Basf Coatings Ag | Korrosionsschutzmittel und Verfahren zu dessen stromfreier Applikation |
| US20080286588A1 (en) * | 2007-05-18 | 2008-11-20 | Biomedflex, Llc | Metallic component with wear and corrosion resistant coatings and methods therefor |
| JP2010202924A (ja) * | 2009-03-02 | 2010-09-16 | Central Glass Co Ltd | 網目状多孔質構造体およびその製造方法 |
| WO2010101136A1 (ja) * | 2009-03-02 | 2010-09-10 | セントラル硝子株式会社 | 網目状多孔質構造体およびそれを用いた親水性部材およびこれらの製造方法 |
| US9347134B2 (en) | 2010-06-04 | 2016-05-24 | Prc-Desoto International, Inc. | Corrosion resistant metallate compositions |
| CN102108507A (zh) * | 2010-12-09 | 2011-06-29 | 中国海洋大学 | 铝合金表面铈耐腐蚀膜的制备工艺 |
| WO2012085987A1 (ja) * | 2010-12-24 | 2012-06-28 | パナソニック株式会社 | 半導体トランジスタの製造方法、並びに該方法で製造した半導体トランジスタを用いた駆動回路、該駆動回路と表示素子とを含んでなる画素回路、該画素回路が行列状に配置された表示パネル、及び該パネルを備えた表示装置 |
| US10876211B2 (en) | 2011-09-16 | 2020-12-29 | Prc-Desoto International, Inc. | Compositions for application to a metal substrate |
| CN104099589A (zh) * | 2014-06-19 | 2014-10-15 | 锐展(铜陵)科技有限公司 | 一种无铬酸盐的铝合金表面处理剂 |
| CZ2014778A3 (cs) * | 2014-11-11 | 2016-02-17 | Univerzita J. E. Purkyně V Ústí Nad Labem | Způsob povlakování kovových forem ze slitin typu Al - Mg a Al - Si, zejména pro výrobu pneumatik motorových vozidel v automobilovém průmyslu |
| KR102410808B1 (ko) | 2020-09-08 | 2022-06-20 | 주식회사 포스코 | 아연도금강판의 표면개질 방법 및 그에 따라 표면개질된 아연도금강판 |
| US11926899B2 (en) * | 2020-12-04 | 2024-03-12 | Raytheon Company | Process for application of oxyhydroxides coating for aluminum containing material |
Family Cites Families (36)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3728188A (en) * | 1971-07-29 | 1973-04-17 | Amchem Prod | Chrome-free deoxidizing and desmutting composition and method |
| CA1014831A (en) * | 1973-06-06 | 1977-08-02 | Donald J. Melotik | Rare earth metal rinse for metal coatings |
| US4310390A (en) * | 1977-08-10 | 1982-01-12 | Lockheed Corporation | Protective coating process for aluminum and aluminum alloys |
| US4264278A (en) * | 1977-10-31 | 1981-04-28 | Oscar Weingart | Blade or spar |
| US4298404A (en) * | 1979-09-06 | 1981-11-03 | Richardson Chemical Company | Chromium-free or low-chromium metal surface passivation |
| CA1228000A (en) * | 1981-04-16 | 1987-10-13 | David E. Crotty | Chromium appearance passivate solution and process |
| US4349392A (en) * | 1981-05-20 | 1982-09-14 | Occidental Chemical Corporation | Trivalent chromium passivate solution and process |
| US4359347A (en) * | 1981-04-16 | 1982-11-16 | Occidental Chemical Corporation | Chromium-free passivate solution and process |
| AU572825B2 (en) * | 1983-03-03 | 1988-05-19 | Fmc Corporation (Uk) Limited | Inhibition of corrosion and scale formation of metal surfaces |
| EP0182306B1 (en) * | 1984-11-17 | 1991-07-24 | Daikin Industries, Limited | Etchant composition |
| JPS61231188A (ja) * | 1985-04-04 | 1986-10-15 | Nippon Paint Co Ltd | アルミニウム表面洗浄剤の管理方法 |
| US4755224A (en) * | 1986-09-18 | 1988-07-05 | Sanchem, Inc. | Corrosion resistant aluminum coating composition |
| US4878963A (en) * | 1986-09-18 | 1989-11-07 | Sanchem, Inc. | Corrosion resistant aluminum coating composition |
| CA1292155C (en) * | 1987-03-03 | 1991-11-19 | Lance Wilson | Method of forming a corrosion resistant coating |
| US5030323A (en) * | 1987-06-01 | 1991-07-09 | Henkel Corporation | Surface conditioner for formed metal surfaces |
| EP0331284B1 (en) * | 1988-02-03 | 1992-12-09 | The British Petroleum Company p.l.c. | A process for the treatment of a metal oxdie layer, a process for bonding a metal object comprising a metal oxide layer and structure produced therefrom |
| US4921552A (en) * | 1988-05-03 | 1990-05-01 | Betz Laboratories, Inc. | Composition and method for non-chromate coating of aluminum |
| GB8825482D0 (en) * | 1988-11-01 | 1988-12-07 | British Petroleum Co Plc | Surface treatment of metals |
| US4883541A (en) * | 1989-01-17 | 1989-11-28 | Martin Marietta Corporation | Nonchromate deoxidizer for aluminum alloys |
| US4988396A (en) * | 1989-04-26 | 1991-01-29 | Sanchem, Inc. | Corrosion resistant aluminum coating composition |
| US5194138A (en) * | 1990-07-20 | 1993-03-16 | The University Of Southern California | Method for creating a corrosion-resistant aluminum surface |
| US5118356A (en) * | 1990-11-19 | 1992-06-02 | Eastman Kodak Company | Process for cleaning a photographic processing device |
| US5198141A (en) * | 1990-11-19 | 1993-03-30 | Eastman Kodak Company | Process for cleaning a photographic process device |
| ES2104655T3 (es) * | 1990-11-30 | 1997-10-16 | Boeing Co | Revestimiento de conversion de cobalto exento de cromato. |
| US5221371A (en) * | 1991-09-03 | 1993-06-22 | Lockheed Corporation | Non-toxic corrosion resistant conversion coating for aluminum and aluminum alloys and the process for making the same |
| AU653251B2 (en) * | 1991-09-10 | 1994-09-22 | Gibson Chemetall Pty Ltd | Improved coating solution |
| US5166223A (en) * | 1991-09-20 | 1992-11-24 | Air Products And Chemicals, Inc. | Hydroxyl group-containing amine-boron adducts are reduced odor catalyst compositions for the production of polyurethanes |
| US5118138A (en) * | 1991-09-25 | 1992-06-02 | Brotz Gregory R | Self-illuminating book |
| US5192374A (en) * | 1991-09-27 | 1993-03-09 | Hughes Aircraft Company | Chromium-free method and composition to protect aluminum |
| DE4243214A1 (de) * | 1992-12-19 | 1994-06-23 | Metallgesellschaft Ag | Verfahren zur Erzeugung von Phosphatüberzügen |
| US5362335A (en) * | 1993-03-25 | 1994-11-08 | General Motors Corporation | Rare earth coating process for aluminum alloys |
| US5356492A (en) * | 1993-04-30 | 1994-10-18 | Locheed Corporation | Non-toxic corrosion resistant conversion process coating for aluminum and aluminum alloys |
| AU7110494A (en) * | 1993-06-18 | 1995-01-17 | Rexham Graphics Inc. | Ink jet receiver sheet |
| NZ273541A (en) * | 1993-09-13 | 1997-11-24 | Commw Scient Ind Res Org | Cleaning metal surfaces by treatment with alkaline cleaning solution and then with rare earth ion-containing, acidic solution; metal surfaces coated with rare earth (compounds) |
| AUPM621194A0 (en) * | 1994-06-10 | 1994-07-07 | Commonwealth Scientific And Industrial Research Organisation | Conversion coating and process for its formation |
| GB9420295D0 (en) * | 1994-10-07 | 1994-11-23 | Lu Yucheng | Method of increasing corrosion resistance of steels by treatment with cerium |
-
1994
- 1994-06-10 AU AUPM6211A patent/AUPM621194A0/en not_active Abandoned
-
1995
- 1995-06-09 KR KR1019960707020A patent/KR970704070A/ko not_active Withdrawn
- 1995-06-09 AT AT95921651T patent/ATE196514T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1995-06-09 AU AU26649/95A patent/AU683388B2/en not_active Expired
- 1995-06-09 CA CA002192449A patent/CA2192449C/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1995-06-09 JP JP50139096A patent/JP3963944B2/ja not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1995-06-09 EP EP95921651A patent/EP0769080B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1995-06-09 DE DE69518923T patent/DE69518923T2/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1995-06-09 PL PL95317482A patent/PL317482A1/xx unknown
- 1995-06-09 ES ES95921651T patent/ES2151069T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1995-06-09 US US08/750,784 patent/US6022425A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1995-06-09 CZ CZ963598A patent/CZ359896A3/cs unknown
- 1995-06-09 WO PCT/AU1995/000340 patent/WO1995034693A1/en not_active Ceased
-
1996
- 1996-12-09 NO NO19965256A patent/NO315569B1/no not_active IP Right Cessation
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| NO965256L (no) | 1997-02-07 |
| AU683388B2 (en) | 1997-11-06 |
| PL317482A1 (en) | 1997-04-14 |
| NO965256D0 (no) | 1996-12-09 |
| CA2192449C (en) | 2001-01-16 |
| NO315569B1 (no) | 2003-09-22 |
| DE69518923T2 (de) | 2001-03-29 |
| ATE196514T1 (de) | 2000-10-15 |
| JP3963944B2 (ja) | 2007-08-22 |
| KR970704070A (ko) | 1997-08-09 |
| CA2192449A1 (en) | 1995-12-21 |
| DE69518923D1 (de) | 2000-10-26 |
| CZ359896A3 (en) | 1997-06-11 |
| AU2664995A (en) | 1996-01-05 |
| WO1995034693A1 (en) | 1995-12-21 |
| EP0769080A4 (en) | 1997-09-03 |
| AUPM621194A0 (en) | 1994-07-07 |
| EP0769080A1 (en) | 1997-04-23 |
| US6022425A (en) | 2000-02-08 |
| EP0769080B1 (en) | 2000-09-20 |
| JPH10501303A (ja) | 1998-02-03 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| FG2A | Definitive protection |
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