ES1316632U - SET OF PANELS FOR ENCLOSURE AND THERMAL INSULATION OF VENTILATED FACADES (Machine-translation by Google Translate, not legally binding) - Google Patents

Abstract

A set of panels for the enclosure and thermal insulation of ventilated facades, characterized in that it consists of four panels (1) (3) (4) (6) arranged in succession and joined by means of steel anchors (7, 9) fixed to the structure of the building in the following manner: 1. Exterior panel (1) of parallelepiped shape with a thickness of approximately 1/5 in relation to its other two dimensions. This panel is fixed by means of front steel anchors (9) at the top and bottom, which in turn are adhesively attached to the next panel (3). The exterior panel (1) is preferably made of a mixture of white sand, marble, white cement, gray cement, fiberglass mesh and coloring pigments, all bound with water. (Machine-translation by Google Translate, not legally binding)

Description

DESCRIPTION

Set of panels for enclosure and thermal insulation of ventilated facades

TECHNICAL SECTOR

The present invention belongs to the sector of composite panel manufacturers and facade installers.

The main object of the present invention is a set of panels for enclosure and thermal insulation of ventilated facades based on the application of four panels of different compositions and with different ventilations between them, joined by anchors that are fixed to the formwork.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

There are some precedents referring to similar devices.

They are known devices for cladding building facades, which essentially consist of a structure of support elements, normally horizontal and/or vertical beams, which are fixed to the building facade and which support a plurality of panels or cladding elements, such as glass, stone cladding, insulating panels, etc.

Specifically, there are devices of this type that allow the fixing of first cladding elements and the fixing of second cladding elements.

The first cladding elements consist of intermediate layers or panels of thermal, acoustic, water-repellent, etc. insulation.

The second cladding elements form the outer layer or wall of the building, and may consist of stone slabs, glass, etc.

One such device is described in EP 1338 719 A1, which discloses a panel fixing system for wall construction.

Said system comprises a support structure formed by a plurality of vertical beams, fixed to the exterior of a building, and by a plurality of horizontal beams for supporting the panels, mounted with a vertical separation on the exterior face of said vertical beams.

Each stone panel is mounted and supported between a pair of upper and lower horizontal beams. The vertical beams have lateral fins to support the insulation panels.

In this device, the insulating panels must be screwed to the side fins of the vertical beams to support their weight and wind loads, which makes installation slower.

Furthermore, the insulation panels are not supported by any horizontal element, so the entire weight of the panels is borne by the screws, reducing the strength of the system.

On the other hand, because the horizontal beams are mounted on the outer face of the vertical beams, the overall thickness of the device is considerable and the support profiles are often visible.

Currently, the implementation of exterior thermal insulation solutions for buildings is mainly resolved in two ways.

In the first case, insulation is applied, followed by successive layers of mortar and binders until a continuous finish is achieved.

These layers constitute the final finish, over which mortar or paint solutions can be applied. The surface finish in this case is very limited, and does not allow for cladding, whether ceramic or stone.

In the second scenario, facade solutions are implemented mounted on a substructure that separates the finish from the facade, with the use of insulation in the chamber as a solution to improve the building's envelope.

This system, known as a ventilated façade, must prevent the spread of fire inside, with the mandatory firebreaks in place.

As a final finish, solutions ranging from aluminum or composite panels to pieces made of rigid materials such as stone, fiber cement panels, etc. are used.

The versatility of this solution is achieved at a high cost due to the complex substructure of profiles and anchors required and the heterogeneous installation of insulation.

The system we propose adapts to the building, is robust, and its main advantage is that it achieves high insulation performance for ventilated façades, at a very low cost and with significant ease of construction, since the modules are simply fitted together vertically and horizontally.

The proposed solution solves the problems of traditional coatings.

Since the panel is manufactured in the factory under strict control and supervision, the finish is reliable and uniform.

At the same time, the panels of the proposed system, with their high impact resistance, offer the possibility of use in any situation, whether in interior spaces where the walls could be subject to impacts, or in exterior spaces, with the capacity to withstand the normal actions to which a public space is subjected.

The performance of the solution provided adds complete preservation of the building, without requiring any additional equipment other than that of the present panel, to achieve the targeted energy savings.

All materials used in the production of this product are tested, resulting in a highly environmentally friendly system that poses no health risks to end users or those handling it. It also possesses solar photocatalysis, which prevents the growth of bacteria and mold.

The inventor is not aware of any prior invention that incorporates the provisions presented in the present invention, nor of the advantages that such a provision entails.

EXPLANATION OF THE INVENTION

The invention advocated in this patent is a set of panels for enclosure and thermal insulation of ventilated facades based on the union of four panels joined by adhesive and metal anchors fixed to the structure resulting from the set of panels.

Specifically, the assembly consists of a parallelepiped-shaped outer panel, approximately 1/5 thick compared to its other three dimensions. This panel is secured and connected to the assembly by steel anchors at the top and bottom, which are in turn glued to the next panel. The front steel anchors are responsible for securing the outer panel at the top and bottom.

The material from which this exterior panel is made will preferably be a mixture of white sand, marble, white cement, gray cement, fiberglass mesh, and coloring pigments, all bound with water.

The next panel towards the interior, separated from the previous one by an exterior ventilation area, is a parallelepiped-shaped expanded polystyrene panel with a thickness of approximately 3/10 in relation to its other two dimensions.

In said expanded polystyrene panel, a right quadrangular prism-shaped rim can be seen in the center of its upper part, along the entire upper part of the panel, and in its lower part, an identical inner notch in the negative of the upper rim can be seen.

This panel is completely covered by an aluminum plate of the same dimensions, covering the upper edge and the inner notch.

The next panel, an interior expanded polystyrene panel separated from the previous one by an intermediate zone, is a panel with identical shape and characteristics to the previous expanded polystyrene panel. The intermediate zone between the two panels has characteristics that will be defined later.

The innermost panel is a plasterboard interior panel, completely symmetrical to the outer panel. This panel is attached to the other panels by a metal profile screwed to the steel surface of the rear anchor. This profile is screwed to a rear anchor glued to the top of the expanded polystyrene interior panel. This space between the metal profile, the previous expanded polystyrene panel, and the plasterboard interior panel is intended for ventilation and the passage of installations.

The intermediate area between the two exterior panels and the two interior panels is composed of four expanded polystyrene blocks, leaving three spaces to be filled with inert material. These central spaces, when combined with the other blocks, form a grid that gives consistency to the entire façade.

The front and rear steel anchors are fixed to the top of the notches using adhesive and have a tab oriented and located in the central spaces of the intermediate zone to fix the piece to the rest of the panels by pouring inert material inside the set of panels.

The material of the panels, instead of expanded polystyrene, can be any other material with similar technical characteristics.

The main advantages of this invention are summarized as follows:

• Thanks to its easy handling and placement, construction time is reduced by 70%.

• Maximum energy efficiency thanks to the thermal properties of the materials that make up the product.

• They are flexible blocks that can be cut to fit the surface to be closed.

• Optimization of the use of materials, which reduces the waste generated during the construction process.

• Reduced costs by concentrating five trades into one and reducing construction time.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

To complement the description being made and in order to help better understand the characteristics of the invention, two sheets of drawings are attached in which the following can be seen:

Figure 1 shows a side view of the panel assembly.

Figure 2 shows a perspective view of the panel assembly.

Figure 3 shows a top view of the panel assembly.

Figure 4 shows an interior section of the intermediate zone of the set of panels that acts as the skeleton of the assembly.

In these figures, identical elements are named with the same reference, among which we distinguish:

(1) - Outer panel,

(2) - Exterior ventilation area,

(3) - Expanded polystyrene outer panel,

(4) - Inner panel made of expanded polystyrene,

(5) - Interior ventilation and installation passage area,

(6) - Interior plaster panel,

(7) - Rear steel anchor,

(8) - Metal profile for the passage of installations,

(9) - Front steel anchor,

(10) - Tab for anchoring the exterior panel (1),

(11) - Slot for inserting anchor tab (10),

(12) - Upper edge of the expanded polystyrene panels,

(13) - Lower edge of expanded polystyrene panels,

(14) - Intermediate panel made of expanded polystyrene,

(15) - Inner area for filling,

(16) - Aluminum plate,

PREFERRED EMBODIMENT OF THE INVENTION

The panel assembly comprises an outer panel (1), of parallelepiped shape, with a thickness of approximately 1/5 in relation to its other two dimensions. This panel (1) is secured and connected to the assembly by means of front steel anchors (9) located at the top and bottom, which are glued to the adjacent panel (3). These anchors (9) are responsible for securing the outer panel (1).

The material of the outer panel (1) is preferably composed of a mixture of white sand, marble, white cement, grey cement, fibreglass mesh, colouring pigments, all bound with water.

The next panel (3), located towards the interior and separated from the previous one (1) by an exterior ventilation area (2), is made of expanded polystyrene. This panel (3) has a thickness of approximately 3/10 in relation to its other two dimensions. In its upper part, it has a rim (12) in the shape of a quadrangular right prism, while in the lower part it shows a lower rim (13) identical in negative to the upper rim. This panel (3) is completely covered by an aluminum plate (16) of the same dimension and which covers the upper rim (12) and the lower rim (13).

The third panel (4), also made of expanded polystyrene and located towards the interior, has the same characteristics as the previous panel (3), separated by an intermediate zone (14) (15) whose characteristics will be detailed later.

The innermost panel (6) is made of plaster and has a symmetrical shape to the outer panel (1). This panel (6) is connected to the rest of the assembly by means of a metal profile (8) screwed to the surface of a rear anchor (7), which is glued to the inner panel (4). This metal profile (8) has the necessary spaces to allow the passage of installations and ensure ventilation of the interior area (5).

The intermediate zone (14) (15) between the two outer panels (1) (3) and the two inner panels (4) (6) is composed of four blocks of expanded polystyrene (14), leaving three intermediate spaces (15) to be filled with inert material. These spaces form a grid that provides consistency to the entire façade.

The front (9) and rear (7) steel anchors are fixed to the top of the flanges by means of adhesive and have a tab facing the central spaces of the intermediate zone (15). These tabs allow additional fixing by pouring inert material into the designated spaces within the panel assembly (15).

Finally, the material of the panels, instead of expanded polystyrene, can be replaced by any other material with similar technical characteristics, without altering the fundamental principles of the invention.

Having sufficiently described the nature of the invention, as well as the manner of putting it into practice, it should be noted that the provisions indicated above and represented in the attached drawings are susceptible to modifications in detail as long as they do not alter their fundamental principles, established in the preceding paragraphs and summarized in the following claims.

Claims (6)

1a.- SET OF PANELS FOR CLOSURE AND THERMAL INSULATION OF VENTILATED FACADES, characterized by being made up of four panels (1) (3) (4) (6) arranged in succession and joined by steel anchors (7,9) fixed to the structure of the building in the following way: 1. A parallelepiped-shaped outer panel (1) with a thickness of approximately 1/5 in relation to its other two dimensions. This panel is fixed by means of front steel anchors (9) at the top and bottom, which are in turn glued to the next panel (3). The outer panel (1) is preferably made of a mixture of white sand, marble, white cement, grey cement, fibreglass mesh and colouring pigments, all bound with water. 2. The next panel towards the interior made of expanded polystyrene (3), separated from the outer panel (1) by a ventilation area (2), has a parallelepiped shape and an approximate thickness of 3/10 in relation to its other dimensions. On its upper part it has a rim (12) in the shape of a quadrangular right prism, while on its lower part it has a lower rim (13) corresponding in negative to the upper one. This panel is completely covered by an aluminum plate (16) that also covers the upper rim (12) and the lower rim (13). 3. Next panel (4), separated from the previous one (3) by an intermediate zone (14) (15), is a panel of identical shape and characteristics as the previous expanded polystyrene panel (3). 4. Interior panel (6) separated from the previous one (4) by a space for the passage of installations (5). It is a plaster panel (6) completely symmetrical to the exterior panel (1). This panel (6) is joined to the rest by means of a metal profile (8), which is screwed to a rear steel anchor (7) adhered to the interior expanded polystyrene panel (4) at its top. This space between the metal profile (8), the interior extruded polystyrene panel (4) and the interior plaster panel (6) allows ventilation and the passage of installations. 5. The intermediate zone (14) (15) between the two exterior panels (1) (6) and the two interior panels (3) (4) is made up of four blocks of expanded polystyrene (14) which leave three intermediate spaces (15) to be filled with inert material. These central spaces (15), when combined with the rest of the blocks, form a grid that provides consistency to the entire façade. 6. The front and rear steel anchors (9, 7) are fixed to the upper and lower edges of the expanded polystyrene panels (3, 4) by means of adhesive, and have a common tab (10) facing the central spaces of the intermediate zone (15). This tab allows the assembly to be fixed by pouring inert matter into the central spaces, ensuring the structural stability of the system.