ES1221664U - INTEGRAL SYSTEM OF CULTIVATION AND COLLECTION OF FRUIT TREES IN LIÑO OR SETO (Machine-translation by Google Translate, not legally binding) - Google Patents

Abstract

Integral system of cultivation and collection of fruit trees in lignins or hedges, characterized in that it comprises a chassis in which two lateral structures (1) participate, related to each other from a plurality of transverse bridges (12), counting the lateral structures (1) with platforms (2) horizontal for operators, as well as plateaus (3) for the placement of collection boxes (4), the chassis presenting a rolling character from two pairs of front wheels (7) addressable and subsequent (8) with its corresponding height and suspension regulation systems (9), counting the machine with batteries (6) assisted by a power generating system based on photovoltaic panels (15) provided for this purpose in a support (14) established on the bridges (12), with a lighting system (16) and means (13) for adjusting in height and width the structure formed by the bridges (12); it being provided that between the sides (1) of the chassis are capable of coupling and uncoupling a hoppers comprising a base area (17) and an extensible zone (18), supplemented with front wings (20) and rear wings (21) as means of guiding the branches of the plants, base area (17) in which the corresponding conveyor belt (23) for feeding the fruit collection boxes is established, counting the machine with phytosanitary treatment system formed by suction pipes (26) and drive (27), associated with a high-pressure motor pump and nozzles (28) for the sprayed product output from a tank (31), being able to incorporate the machine, with a practical nature, a pruning system (25) based on long oscillating toothed blades driven from an electric motor-reducer group, as well as vibrating/agitator means (32) for the fall of the corresponding nte fruit. (Machine-translation by Google Translate, not legally binding)

Description

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INTEGRAL SYSTEM OF CULTIVATION AND COLLECTION OF FRUIT TREES IN LINO OR SETO

D E S C R I P C I O N

OBJECT OF THE INVENTION

The present invention relates to an integral system for growing fruits in flax or hedge.

The object of the invention is to provide the market and the agricultural sector with a solution that adapts to both phytosanitary treatments, pruning and automated collection of the fruits on the same platform that presents interchangeable tools for each purpose.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

The costs of harvesting and cultivation due to the high quality demand by the market are very high, since it is usually done manually, so that taking into account the exponential evolution of this type of crop that has occurred in recent years It takes a lot of manpower to carry out its treatment, pruning and harvesting.

In addition, in a situation of global competition, low prices and an increase in quality are always required, which can only be achieved by being efficient in production costs.

To this we can add the lack of labor in the field, being hired at source a palliative to meet this need.

In order to solve this problem, automated collection devices are known, such as the one described in patent US 5113644A, in which a self-propelled harvester is described that has mechanized means of collection by vibration and systems of automatic collection and packaging of the fruits

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This type of machines presents a problematic with a double slope, first of all its great bulk, does not make them suitable for all types of crops according to the arrangement in which these are planted even more if they are under greenhouse. In the second place, their large size and the technology they have incorporated make them expensive and the investment in small areas of cultivation is not justified. To this we must add the limitations presented by not offering additional benefits and usually necessary in this type of plantations such as being able to carry out the pruning and fumigation of plants.

DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

The present solution is solved in a completely satisfactory way the problem previously exposed, based on a simple but highly effective solution, allowing to carry out a mechanized harvesting of the fruits, also allowing to carry out a phytosanitary treatment of the plants, as well as facilitating its pruning sensibly.

More specifically, the solution of the invention is constituted from a chassis with lateral platforms for the operators and provided with front and rear wheels for its displacement, said wheels being provided with height adjustment means thereof with respect to the chassis, either continuously or individually, with the particularity that the front wheels are directional and are related to a handlebar with two handles, one on each side, which can be independent, one for each wheel, or be synchronized through a crossbar to form a directional system.

The chassis is a support for bridges that run from one side to the other and that are adjustable both in height and width, bridges that in the upper part have a support for a power generating system, such as photovoltaic panels for to feed a system of illumination of the machine, based on LED diodes preferably.

The machine can be of assisted traction, or incorporate an engine, so that in the second case there are some batteries that can be charged by means of their connection to the network or

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well by means of the energy generating system formed by the photovoltaic panels provided above.

Also, between the sides that form the chassis of the machine, hoppers have been provided for the reception of the fruits that are harvested, hoppers that are complemented with front and rear ailerons, so that the hoppers have extensible areas and base areas, joined together by nylon bristles for adjustment between the parts of the hoppers and avoid gaps through which the fruits could fall during their collection.

The hoppers, laterally are complemented with modular lifting conveyor belts, which by means of the drive of a belt transmission motor drag the fruits that are collected in the hoppers to the top of said conveyor belts, redirecting them towards containers or collection boxes that are conveniently located on platforms or plateaus established in the back of the chassis of the machine.

In relation to the means of regulating the wheels, both before and after, these include independent suspension means based on self-locking gas cylinders.

As for the ailerons provided both in the front and in the back of the machine, in correspondence with the hoppers, say that they are intended for the guidance of the branches of the plants.

The machine is further complemented with panels or side structures that form a protective casing, including also means for pruning the plants and even means for the phytosanitary treatment of said plants, these phytosanitary treatment means being constituted by aspiration pipes. and impulsion of the corresponding phytosanitary product, driven by a high-pressure motor-pump, counting the pipes with the appropriate nozzles for the exit of the sprayed product.

The machine can include vibrating means that in combination with the different parts and

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previously mentioned elements, avoid collecting the fruit by hand, accessing this automatically to the hoppers located on both sides of the plant.

The machine is also capable of incorporating pruning paths that are arranged to the sides of the hoppers, using in this case the hoppers for the collection of pruned branches.

Through the proposed machine a series of benefits and advantages are achieved, which can be summarized in the following:

• Mechanization in the harvesting of fruits grown in lmos or hedges, with the corresponding increase in productivity.

• Significant decrease in collection costs.

• Elimination of labor competition in the collection of different crops of fruits grown in lmos or hedges.

• Growing capacity of cultivation by reducing the labor force.

• Substitution of unskilled labor (collectors) by skilled labor (technicians, operators, etc.).

• Rapid amortization of the investment as it is a simple and low cost machinery.

• Improvement of the application and reduction of phytosanitary costs by reducing the dispersion of the broth to apply directing to the plant.

• Saving of time and costs in the pruning when loading the remains of the same in the hopper. It is not necessary to go later to collect it.

In short, it is a solution that constitutes an integral platform of cultivation for all the species of fruit trees grown in lmos or hedges, of shrub size in greenhouse or outdoors, so that using the same structure, that is, the same chassis and the same frame, elements can be exchanged to perform

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different tasks of harvesting, pruning and spraying or application of phytosanitary treatments of plants.

DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

To complement the description that will be made next and in order to help a better understanding of the features of the invention, according to a preferred example of practical embodiment thereof, a set of drawings is included as an integral part of said description. where with illustrative and non-limiting character, the following has been represented:

Figure 1 shows a perspective view of the chassis of the system of cultivation and collection of fruits grown in lmos or hedges made according to the object of the invention, machine that appears represented without any of the three machines incorporated thereto.

Figure 2 shows a perspective view of the back side of the assembly of the previous figure.

Figure 3 shows a plan view of the machine of the invention.

Figure 4 shows a perspective view of the collection hoppers participating in the machine of the invention.

Figure 5 shows a perspective view of the picking machine with the hoppers disposed on the chassis of the system described in figure 1.

Figure 6 shows a front perspective view of the chassis incorporating the application machinery and in disposition to apply a phytosanitary product on the plants to be treated.

Figure 7 shows a perspective view of the chassis equipped with pruning paths, so that the machine can be used for the pruning of the plants, so that the pruned branches are picked up directly by the hoppers of the machine.

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Figure 8 shows a front perspective view of the reception hoppers of the fruits or, where appropriate, of the pruned branches.

Figure 9 shows a perspective view of the chassis with the harvesting implement equipped with the corresponding vibrators.

PREFERRED EMBODIMENT OF THE INVENTION

In view of the resented figures, it can be observed how the system of cultivation and collection of fruits in linens or hedges, is constituted from a chassis in which there are two lateral structures (1), each of which includes a platform horizontal (2) for operators, with a plateau (3) that can serve as support for boxes (4) receiving the fruits harvested and also constitutes a means of protection for, for example, a traction motor (5) assisted for some batteries (6), although the device can be of assisted traction.

The chassis includes a rolling system composed of two front wheels (7) addressable and two rear wheels (8), counting one and other wheels with height and suspension regulation systems (9).

The frame formed by the lateral structures (1) with their platforms (2) and the set of wheels (7-8) is complemented by a frame formed by bridges (12) adjustable both in width and height, based on elements of appropriate regulation (13), with the special feature that said bridges (12) in their upper part establish a support (14) for a power generating system, based on photovoltaic panels (15), so that they feed the batteries, motor, as well as a lighting system (16) based on LED diodes.

The lighting system (16) located on the frame formed by the bridges (12) allows the crop to be illuminated in all directions and enables work to be carried out in the absence of natural light.

As for the means of suspension of the wheels (7-8) will be constituted by

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Blocking gas springs that allow each of the wheels to be adjusted to the height necessary to overcome the obstacles of a farm (roads, streams, streams, etc.), as well as adapting to the height of the crop by presenting different sizes or before the possibility of cultivating on horse.

For its part, the front wheels (7) will be addressable through handlebars (10) that can be independent or be synchronized through a horizontal bar (11)

The structure described so far is complemented by some movable and removable hoppers on the structure, on which the fruit falls in collection, hoppers comprising a base area (17) and an extensible zone (18), so that the two parts extensibles (18) are complemented with nylon bristles (19) to seal possible gaps between hoppers, complementing with front wings (20) and rear wings (21) to form grñas for the branches of the plants, thereby preventing suffering Give us both the plants and the fruits when colliding with, for example, the boxes (4), extensible zones (18) with material for cushioning the fruit and guided to the canjilones (19) facing each other.

The set of hoppers with the ailerons have a system of abatement (22), having conveyor belts (23) on its bottom, which run upwards in correspondence with the rear, being driven by means of respective electric motors (24). ), so that said tapes automatically discharge the fruits collected on the boxes established in the plateaus (3).

Obviously, the hoppers (17-18) are perfectly adapted to the crop, being located under the plants, thus preventing the fall of the fruit to the ground, so that the mentioned hoppers are adjustable in inclination and in turn extensible, as has been said with anteriority.

The nylon bristles (19) in addition to eliminating gaps, to be located perpendicular to the extensible areas (18) and the crop line itself, allows to save the trunks of the plants in the displacement of the machine based on its flexibility .

In this way, the bristles overlap those of one hopper with respect to the other, avoiding generating gaps through which the fruit could fall.

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The front (20) and rear (21) ailerons are designed to guide the branches of the plants towards the interior of the machine and to guide the plant to the outside of the machine, since these ailerons are located both in correspondence with the part above as from the back of the machine.

The machine is also complemented with a vibrating-vaneador equipment, supported on the own structure, which serves to force the fall of the ripe fruit on the hoppers, although the fruit tumbling can also be carried out manually to avoid, for example, the Fall of unripe fruits.

The machine also includes means (25) to perform the pruning of the plant itself, coupled and uncoupled, based on long oscillating toothed blades, driven from the classic electric motor-reducer group, as well as a phytosanitary treatment system, which includes some aspiration pipes (26) and product impulse pipes (27), with nozzles (28) for their ejection by means of impulsion of a high-pressure motor pump (29), and vibrators (32) can also be installed, as shown in figure 9.

Finally say that the machine is capable of supplementing with a high lateral structure (30) and folding, constituting a protective casing, as shown in Figure 6, which appears the tank (31), in correspondence with each one of the sides, for dispensing the phytosanitary product applicable through the nozzles (28) of the described treatment system.

Claims (1)

5 10 fifteen twenty 25 30 R E I V I N D I C A C I O N S 1§.- Integral system of cultivation and collection of fruit trees in linens or hedges, characterized in that it comprises a chassis in which two lateral structures (1) are involved, related to each other from a plurality of transversal bridges (12), counting the side structures (1) with platforms (2) horizontal for operators, as well as plateaus (3) for the placement of collection boxes (4), the chassis presenting a rolling character from two couples of front wheels (7) addressable and subsequent (8) with their corresponding height and suspension regulation systems (9), counting the machine with batteries (6) assisted by a power generator system based on photovoltaic panels (15) provided for this purpose on a support (14) established on the bridges (12), with a lighting system (16) and means (13) for the regulation in height and width of the structure formed by the bridges (12); having provided that between the sides (1) of the chassis are capable of coupling and uncoupling a hoppers comprising a base area (17) and an expandable area (18), complemented by front wings (20) and rear spoilers (21) as means of guiding the branches of the plants, base area (17) in which the corresponding conveyor belt (23) for feeding the fruit collection boxes is established, counting the machine with phytosanitary treatment system formed by aspiration pipes (26) and of impulsion (27), associated with a high-pressure motor pump as well as nozzles (28) for the sprayed output of the phytosanitary product coming from a tank (31), being able to incorporate the machine, with practicable character, a pruning system (25) based on long oscillating toothed blades driven from an electric motor-reducer group, as well as vibrating / agitating means (32) for the cascade of the corresponding fruit. 2 .- Integral system of cultivation and collection of fruit trees in linens or hedges, according to claim 1, characterized in that the front wheels (7) are assisted by respective handlebars (10) independent of each other. 3§.- Integral system of cultivation and collection of fruit trees in linens or hedges, according to claim 1, characterized in that the front wheels (7) are assisted by respective handlebars (10) linked together by a horizontal bar (11). 4§.- Integral system of cultivation and collection of fruit trees in linens or hedges, according to 5 10 fifteen twenty 25 30 claim 1, characterized in that it includes an electric traction motor (5) as a transmission element of movement to the wheels of the machine. 5§.- Integral system of cultivation and collection of fruit trees in linos or hedges, according to claim 1§, characterized in that the hoppers are adjustable in inclination, finishing the extensible zones (18) with material of cushioning of the fruit and guided to the canjilones ( 19) confronted with each other. 6§.- Integral system of cultivation and collection of fruit trees in linens or hedges, according to claim 1§, characterized in that the machine is complemented with a high lateral structure (30) and folding, constituting a protective casing.