ES1171183U - Recuperable formwork for the manufacture of niches (Machine-translation by Google Translate, not legally binding) - Google Patents

Abstract

Device (1) recoverable formwork for the manufacture of niches, characterized in that it is constituted by a plurality of modules that are associated forming a prismatic body with a single open box corresponding to the front face, with an extraction head (2) of the mold disposed on said front face of greater dimension than the general body, and with an extraction hook (3) preferably placed in the upper central part of the body and close to the front face, and where the lower part of the prismatic body is a lower plate (8) movable, with an extraction hook (3') and a track plate (7) around it, to allow sliding, through some mounting plates (6) for the rail plate (7), arranged along the side walls of the prismatic body and in its lower part. (Machine-translation by Google Translate, not legally binding)

Description

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D E S C R I P C I O N

RECOVERY FORMWORK FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF NICHES

TECHNICAL SECTOR

The present invention relates to a formwork system for the construction of cemetery niches. This formwork system has the advantage of being recoverable and, in addition, allows the realization of several niches at the same time, which makes time and economic savings possible.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

Many are the recoverable formworks that are used for the manufacture of side graves in cemeteries. The drawback of these formwork is twofold.

On the one hand, its specific inverted U-shape implies that only one row of niches can be built at a time, waiting for the complete setting of the concrete (which constitutes the upper parameter of the niche made and the lower one, or ground, of the next) to form the top row The present invention solves these problems, allowing the direct and simultaneous construction of as many rows of niches as required with the consequent savings in waiting times and costs.

The next drawback is precisely its recovery, a task that sometimes involves the realization of great efforts and an investment of time too high.

There are some formwork that to facilitate this task have means of extraction. This is the case of documents ES 1030499 U, ES 1038258 U and ES 2203338, which inside the structure have provided mechanisms such as an axial axis, as in ES 1030499 U, with threaded end for coupling of a washer and nut of fastening to the back front, and articulation points regularly distributed in its length; or as in the case of ES 1038258 U consisting of an L-shaped part XXXX and the rear mold comprises plates whose width corresponds to the separation distance between two adjacent niches. In ES 2203338, the structure of some knots has been provided at their crossing points, with some of these knots and in the socket having metal flanges that,

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by means of cams, they are attached to a series of rods that in turn are connected by means of cams to a series of interconnected metal stringers, whose ends access the outside of the mold, joining by means of plates and disposing in this union an lug to which they connect by means of a pin other parallel lugs arranged at the ends of the rod of a hydraulic piston extractor of the mold, mounting in a C-shaped structure, whose ends rest on the front of the niche.

The disadvantage of these systems is that, although they have these mechanisms for the extraction of the structure, thus facilitating the task, they deform the external structure. With the proposed invention, mold decoupling is carried out easily, quickly, and most importantly, recovering the original structure without deforming it.

To facilitate the task of decoupling and recovering the mold without deforming or breaking its structure, different types of molds have been designed, with a general inverted "U" shape. Document ES 1019580 U describes a formwork element consisting of an orthopedic general configuration body, with a rectangular frame. In this invention, to facilitate the removal of the formwork, the general body has been designed in such a way that the upper base has a slight inclination towards the back. In document 1019581 U a recoverable formwork is described, constituted by a plurality of modular components, provided with a frame, and where in said frame reinforcement posters have been placed to facilitate the extraction. A variant of this model would be document 1019581, where a parallel central crossbar has been placed at the top for extraction.

Even with these new designs for the formwork, the extraction is still complicated, needing great efforts to carry it out, even having to use machines for the extraction. In addition, the fact that these formwork does not have a lower part due to its inverted "U" configuration, does not allow the direct construction of several rows of niches by means of their stacking and subsequent filling of concrete, so the construction must be done row by row.

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EXPLANATION OF THE INVENTION Object of the invention

The present invention deals with a recoverable formwork for the manufacture of niches, which thanks to a movable bottom plate enables the simultaneous construction of several rows of niches. The set has side and rear plates that create a kind of chamber between adjacent formwork, allowing concrete filling after stacking and subsequent formwork extraction. In addition, thanks to a square pin in the front and the rollers arranged in the lower part of the formwork, extraction is possible without using traction machines or similar.

Description of the invention

The proposed invention solves in a fully satisfactory manner the problems set forth above. It consists of a recoverable formwork for the manufacture of niches, consisting of a plurality of modules that are associated forming a prismatic body with an open face, which corresponds to the front face. The set has a frame on the front face of dimension larger than the body with coupling means on the sides for the formwork side plates and the supplement, thus generating a filler content as a camera, which is then filled by concrete injection , and that allows multiple stacks for the simultaneous construction of several "floors". In the central upper part of the formwork a plate with a hook for the extraction has been placed, in addition to some rollers in the lower part that facilitate the sliding when it is removed.

One of the novelties of the invention consists in the provision of a sliding bottom plate that closes the general form of inverted "U" of the formwork, provided with an extraction hook and with lane rails for later displacement. Once the niche has been manufactured and the concrete is dried, said lower plate slides through fixing plates for the rail of the sheet, arranged along the lower part of the side walls, which allows the subsequent deformation inwards of the side walls of the mold, for its extraction.

Another important novelty, which greatly facilitates the task of decoupling, focuses on the use of one (or several) square pins, which are coupled to the formwork by means of hooking arranged on the outermost sides of

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the side walls of the assembly, so that when it is stretched, and thanks to the fact that it has been designed with a central hinge, it causes a retraction into the side walls of the mold, limited by the possible angle of the bar to prevent the mold is broken, and thus facilitating the formwork.

Finally, it is worth mentioning one more addition to this invention that would facilitate its extraction and that we have already mentioned. It involves the incorporation of rollers in the lower part of the assembly, specifically three rollers on each side of the formwork, and which greatly facilitate the task of extraction by facilitating the sliding of the assembly.

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BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

To complete the description that is being made and in order to help a better understanding of the features of the invention, according to a preferred example of the practical realization of the same, a set of drawings is accompanied as an integral part of said description. where the following has been represented by way of illustration and not limitation:

Figure 1.- shows a perspective view of the formwork as the components would be assembled, with the side and rear plates.

Figure 2.- shows a perspective view of the formwork with the plate (3) with extraction hook.

Figure 3.- shows a preferred embodiment of the square pin (9), in the different positions that can be adopted, the position (9a) being the extraction one. This square pin can include any type of hook to pull it, through, for example, a chain, thus facilitating extraction.

Figure 4.- shows a set of the arrangement of four adjacent formworks. Figure 5.- shows a front and side view of the formwork of the invention, including the bottom plate.

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PREFERRED EMBODIMENT OF THE INVENTION

The invention relates to a recoverable formwork for the manufacture of niches, consisting of a plurality of modules that are associated forming a prismatic body with a single open face corresponding to the front face. In said front face a frame has been placed, head of extraction (2) of the mold, of dimension greater than the general body, for the purpose of serving as a stop, or equalizer for the subsequent filling of concrete, and with an extraction hook ( 3) preferably placed in the upper central part of the body near the front face.

The lower part of the prismatic body is a movable lower plate (8), with an extraction hook (3 ') and a rail plate (7) around it, to allow sliding, through fixing plates (6) for the rail plate (7), arranged along the side walls of the prismatic body and in its lower part. Thus, thanks to this lower plate (8) it is possible to construct several rows on floors simultaneously.

On the sides of said prismatic body a side plate (12) and a back plate (13) have been placed, coupled to the prismatic body through the joining means arranged in the extraction head (2), so that it is created a kind of chamber between the prismatic body and the lateral (12) and rear (13) plates, thanks to a supplement (11) and a union dog (10).

To make extraction easier and without the need to use traction machines for this purpose, the assembly has been provided with at least one square pin (9), housed in plates (4) placed on the outermost part of the prismatic body. Said pin (9) can be provided with any type of hook to facilitate extraction, adopting a broken position (9a) thanks to a central hinge, which causes an inward retraction of the side walls of the mold, limited by the possible angle of the bar to prevent the mold from breaking. In addition, the set of rollers (14) has been provided in the lower part of the formwork, housed within a profile coupled thereto. Thanks to these rollers, the assembly slides more easily at the time of extraction.

In another preferred embodiment of the invention, several square pins (9) may be provided, for example two, located symmetrically in the outermost and innermost part of the prismatic assembly, which will have a connecting element, such as a chain or the like. , that connect both square pins, so that when pulling the first one, housed in the outermost part of the set

At the same time, both pins adopt the aforementioned broken position (9a) producing a retraction inward of the more regular mold side walls and distributed throughout the mold assembly, greatly facilitating the extraction.

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Claims (4)

5 10 fifteen twenty 25 30 35 1. Device (1) Recoverable formwork for the manufacture of niches, characterized in that it is constituted by a plurality of modules that are associated forming a prismatic body with a single open box corresponding to the front face, with an extraction head (2) of the mold arranged on said front face of larger dimension than the general body, and with an extraction hook (3) preferably placed in the upper central part of the body and close to the front face, and where the lower part of the prismatic body is a bottom plate (8) movable, with an extraction hook (3 ') and a rail plate (7) around it, to allow sliding, through fixing plates (6) for the rail plate (7), arranged along the side walls of the prismatic body and in its lower part. 2. Device (1), recoverable formwork for the manufacture of niches, according to revindication 1, characterized in that on the sides of said prismatic body it has a side plate (12) and a rear plate (13), coupled to the prismatic body through of the joining means arranged in the extraction head (2), so that a kind of chamber is created between the prismatic body and the lateral (12) and rear (13) plates, thanks to a supplement (11) and a union dog (10). 3. Device (1), recoverable formwork for the manufacture of niches, according to any of claims 1 or 2, characterized in that the assembly of at least one square pin (9), housed in plates (4) placed in the outermost and innermost part of the prismatic body, where said pin (9) can be provided with any type of hook to facilitate extraction, adopting a broken position (9a) thanks to a central hinge, which causes a retraction into the side walls of the mold, limited by the possible angle of the bar to prevent the mold from breaking. And also characterized by rollers coupled to the assembly at the bottom through a profile, which facilitates the sliding of the assembly at the time of extraction. 4. Device (1), recoverable formwork for the manufacture of niches, according to claim 3, characterized in that if more than one pin is available of square (9), these will be joined by a chain or similar so that when pulling the one located in the outermost part of the mold, both pins adopt their broken position (9a) in a solidary and simultaneous way. image 1 image2 14 image3 one 3 8 3 7 FIGURE 2 image4 image5 FIGURE 4 image6 image7