ES1078450U - Hollow brick with front resistance and longitudinal resistance (Machine-translation by Google Translate, not legally binding) - Google Patents

Abstract

Hollow brick with frontal resistance and longitudinal resistance that has a hollow rectangular prism shape and comprises an upper face (2), a lower face (3) and four parallel side faces two to two, the two side faces being longer (4) ) those that remain visible on the wall and the two shorter side faces (5) are in contact with the adjacent bricks characterized in that on one of the short faces of the brick there is a male connecting element (6) and on the face opposite short there is a complementary female joining element (7) such that the joining of two adjacent bricks is done by tongue and groove with the male and female connecting elements, said joining elements being placed in the central part of the shorter faces (5) of the brick (1) and extending in a vertical direction from the upper end to the lower end, furthermore in the male connecting element (6) there is a recess of the python (12) and in the female connecting means (7) there is on one side a recess of the female connecting element (13) and on the other side a groove (14) that are aligned, and the brick (1) comprises a semicircular recess (8) extending in the longitudinal direction of the brick (1) by the center thereof, also affecting the male connecting element (6), and the brick (1) comprises a recess (15) and in the lower face (3) of the brick there is a projection (9) in correspondence with the surface of the recess (15) in the upper face (2). (Machine-translation by Google Translate, not legally binding)

Description

HOLLOW BRICK WITH FRONT RESISTANCE AND LONGITUDINAL RESISTANCE

The present invention is framed within the field of construction. It is a brick specially designed to be mounted as a chain adjacent to other bricks of the same type.

STATE OF THE PREVIOUS TECHNIQUE

Currently, the bricks are laid together by mass with one another and in the same way to the concrete pillar, which has the disadvantage that a strong seismic movement makes the rigid wall as it is, is not able to follow the pendular movement of the formwork, producing detachments. This is what has



happened for example in Spanish towns like Lorca where an earthquake struck the city in 2011.

From the state of the art some techniques used in construction are known as prevention against possible seismic movements. It is known for example document ES 2297967 which presents a security fixation of enclosures between pillars or concrete walls by using sheaths and rods that once embedded in the concrete of said pillars or walls, are intended to prevent the enclosures of brick and mortar as a result of seismic movements, explosions, implosions, wind currents, or any foreign agent that endangers the enclosures when they press on them will collapse.

Document ES 0473055 is also known which describes improvements in the earthquake constructions, in particular construction with subfloors that constitute antiatomic shelters, characterized in that the buried basement of the construction is constituted by a plurality of independent elements that present a mechanical resistance such that each of them it is able to resist without damage the seismic wave of maximum intensity.

EXPLANATION OF THE INVENTION

The present invention features a hollow brick with frontal resistance and longitudinal resistance. This brick is specially designed to be mounted as a chain adjacent to other bricks of the same type. This brick is attached to the pillar so that the entire wall follows the formwork movement in case seismic movements occur.

The brick of the present invention comprises a male joint element on one of its short faces and a female joint element on the opposite short face. This brick is specially designed to be placed attached to adjacent bricks the same as him, by tongue and groove since the male joint element and the female joint element are complementary, and by a lattice that is perpendicular to the direction of the wall.

Also, the brick of the present invention comprises on the upper face a semicircular recess that remains in the central part of the face, crossing it longitudinally, through which another trellis joins all the bricks of the wall. Thus, the semicircular recess also affects the male and female junction elements. In the lower face the brick has a projection that corresponds to the semicircular recess of the upper face. This highlight also affects the male and female means of attachment. By placing a brick on another like the first, the projection of the lower part of one is in correspondence with the semicircular recess of the upper face of the one below. In the gap between them is the trellis that crosses each row of bricks in the wall.

In the corners bricks are used that are slightly different from those previously described since one of the bricks that is used has its male union element in the long face of the brick to join a brick of the wall like the rest and one that it is placed perpendicular to it, thus forming the corner. Another of the bricks that are placed in the corner has its female union element in the long face of the brick so that when placed on a corner brick like those described above, it breaks together.

The brick of the present invention is placed dry and the concrete filling is produced inside. It also provides an added advantage since the risk of collapse on the operators is reduced since the materials circulate mostly inside.

The brick of the present invention can be of ample measures and few thicknesses, always complying with the construction regulations. In addition with this brick it is not necessary to make a joint when mounting a wall. Also, the proposed brick has very good adaptation for circular structures.

This brick can be longer than the bricks that are used in the state of the art because the interior is filled with concrete and this gives it greater strength. In addition the present brick, a

Once placed on a wall, it breaks together in more places and more irregularly than the bricks of the state of the art which makes the walls constructed with them more resistant.

Throughout the description and claims the word "comprises" and its variants are not intended to exclude

5 other technical characteristics, additives, components or steps. For those skilled in the art, other objects, advantages and features of the invention will be derived partly from the description and partly from the practice of the invention. The following examples and drawings are provided by way of illustration, and are not intended to be limiting of the present invention. In addition, the present invention covers all possible combinations of particular and preferred embodiments indicated herein.

10 BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

FIG. 1 shows a perspective view of the brick where the underside of the brick is visible.

15 FIG. 2 shows a perspective view of the brick where the upper face of the brick can be seen.

FIG. 3 shows a side profile view of the brick.

FIG. 4 shows a section of the side junction of two bricks where the first trellis can be seen.

20 FIG. 5 shows a first brick to form a corner in which the male joint element is on one of the long side faces of the brick.

FIG. 6 shows a second brick to form a corner in which the male joint element is in one of the 25 short side faces of the brick.

FIG. 7 shows a sectional view of the bricks from above when joined to form a wall and the first trellis and the second trellis are appreciated.

30 References:

1: brick; 2: Upper face; 3: Bottom face; 4: long side face, 5: short side face; 6: Male union element; 7: Female union element; 8: Semicircular recess; 9: Highlight; 10: First trellis; 11: Second lattice; 12: Python recess; 13: Female element recess; 14: Notch; 15: Hollow

35 DETAILED EXHIBITION OF REALIZATION MODES

The brick (1) of the present invention is in the form of a hollow rectangular prism (15) and comprises an upper face (2), a lower face (3) and four two to two parallel side faces. The two longest side faces

40 (4) are the faces that are visible on the wall and the two shorter side faces (5) are in contact with the adjacent bricks in the wall.

On one of the short faces (5) of the brick there is a male connecting element (6) and on the opposite short face (5) there is a female joining element (7). The male (6) and female (7) brick joining elements have about 45 recesses that are complementary and that are perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the brick. The bricks are placed adjacently to form a row of the wall so that the male joint element (6) of one is embedded in the female joint means (7) of the adjacent brick and the recesses of said elements coincide in a way that a first trellis (10) is placed in them that is perpendicular to the direction of the wall. Thus, the union between adjacent bricks (1) is done by tongue and groove and by

50 the corresponding first trellis (10). The joining means are placed in the central part of the shorter faces and extend in the vertical direction of said smaller faces (5) from the upper end to the lower end. The male joint element (6) is a projection while the female joint element (7) is a recess in correspondence with the recess that is the male joint means (6).

On the upper face (2), the brick comprises a semicircular recess (8) that extends in the longitudinal direction of the brick (1) through the center of the brick, also affecting the male joint element (6). Inside this recess a second lattice (11) is placed that crosses all the bricks of the same row of bricks in a wall ensuring the union of all the bricks in the row. On the underside (3) the brick comprises a protrusion

(9) in correspondence with a hole (15) in the center of the brick that runs from the upper face to the face

60, being of greater surface in the upper face so that the projection (9) of the lower face (3) of a brick that is placed on it is in correspondence with said hollow (15), fixing the position of the second lattice (11) that crosses the bricks in their longitudinal direction.

The male joint element (6) has a recess of the python (12) and the female joint element (7) has a recess of the female element (13) on one side, which is through that side, and has a notch (14) on the other side that is not an intern. The recess of the python (12), the recess of the female element (13) and the notch (14) are all at the same height so that the first lattice (10) is placed between them, passing through the recess of the female element ( 13) and by recessing the python (12) and relying on the notch (14) so that the adjacent bricks are joined. When the wall is constructed, the bricks are placed adjacently so that the male joint element (6) is between the sides of the female joint means (7) of the adjacent brick.

The concrete filling is done by the hollow (15) of the brick (1) so that it has a greater resistance.

The bricks that are placed in the corners have slight modifications thanks to which the breakage of the joint occurs. Thus, as shown in Figure 5, one of the bricks (1) that is placed in the corners has the female connecting element (7) in the same place as the rest of the bricks (1), that is to say on one of the short faces (5) and the male connecting element (6) it is located at one end of one of the long faces (4). Thus, to construct the corner of the wall, one of these bricks (1) is placed at the end of the wall, joined with its female joint element (7) to the male joint element (6) of the short face ( 5) of another brick (1) adjacent to it, and joined with its male joint element (6) to the female joint element (7) of a brick (1) that is placed perpendicular to it.

On the other hand, in another embodiment shown in Figure 6, another of the bricks (1) that is placed in the corners has the male joint element (6) located in the same place as the bricks (1) that are placed at along the wall, that is, on one of the short faces (5) and has the female connecting element (7) at the end of one of the long faces (4). These bricks (1) are placed in the corner of the wall so that they are joined by their male joint element (6) and the female joint element (7) of the short face (5) of the brick (1) adjacent to it and are joined by its female joint element (7) to the male joint element (6) of the short letter (5) of a brick (1) that is placed perpendicular to it.

The brick (1) of the present invention can be made of cement, clay or plaster. The invention also comprises a brick (1) made of any other material suitable for construction.

The bricks include a close staggered joints. The close together must save the brick wall below to match the board to give more or less. In addition there is a lateral modification to slightly lengthen the joint at the front to create a joint between bricks.

The bricks of the present invention have a geometry similar to that of the state-of-the-art bricks but they always have tongue and groove modifications and also in the center there is a projection. In the part below the bricks there is a story to link with the piece below. There is a generalized recess of the rear part which in a preferred embodiment is 2 cm. In the center there are three for anchoring with the male piece always with a suitable thickness for the brick.

The brick of the present invention can be made of cement, clay, plaster or any other material suitable for construction.

Claims (1)

1-Hollow brick with frontal resistance and longitudinal resistance that is shaped like a rectangular hollow prism and comprises an upper face (2), a lower face (3) and four lateral faces parallel two to two, the two being 5 longer lateral faces ( 4) those that are visible on the wall and the two shorter side faces (5) are in contact with the adjacent bricks characterized in that on one of the short faces of the brick there is a male connecting element (6) and in on the opposite short face there is a complementary female connecting element (7) such that the joining of two adjacent bricks is done by tongue and groove with the male and female joining elements, said joining elements being placed in the central part of the shorter faces 10 (5) of the brick (1) and extending vertically from the upper end to the lower end, in addition in the male connecting element (6) there is a recess of the python (12) and in the female joining means ( 7) there is on one side a recess of the female connecting element (13) and on the other side a notch (14) that are aligned, and the brick (1) comprises a semicircular recess (8) extending in the direction longitudinal of the brick (1) through the center of the brick, also affecting the male connecting element (6), and the brick (1) comprises a hollow (15) and in the lower face (3) of the brick there is a projection ( 9) in correspondence with the surface of the hole (15) on the upper face (2). 2-Brick according to claim 1 comprising a first trellis (10) that passes through the recess of the female element (13) and is supported by the notch (14). 3-Brick according to any one of the preceding claims comprising a second lattice (11) which is located in the semicircular recess (8).  FIG. one    FIG. 2    FIG. 3    FIG. 4    FIG. 5    FIG. 6   FIG. 7