EP4683810A1 - Elektronische steuereinheit einer niveauregulierungseinrichtung eines fahrzeugs sowie verfahren zur achslastermittlung mit einer solchen steuereinheit - Google Patents
Elektronische steuereinheit einer niveauregulierungseinrichtung eines fahrzeugs sowie verfahren zur achslastermittlung mit einer solchen steuereinheitInfo
- Publication number
- EP4683810A1 EP4683810A1 EP24705408.3A EP24705408A EP4683810A1 EP 4683810 A1 EP4683810 A1 EP 4683810A1 EP 24705408 A EP24705408 A EP 24705408A EP 4683810 A1 EP4683810 A1 EP 4683810A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- vehicle
- sensor
- axle
- axle load
- control unit
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60G—VEHICLE SUSPENSION ARRANGEMENTS
- B60G11/00—Resilient suspensions characterised by arrangement, location or kind of springs
- B60G11/14—Resilient suspensions characterised by arrangement, location or kind of springs having helical, spiral or coil springs only
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60G—VEHICLE SUSPENSION ARRANGEMENTS
- B60G17/00—Resilient suspensions having means for adjusting the spring or vibration-damper characteristics, for regulating the distance between a supporting surface and a sprung part of vehicle or for locking suspension during use to meet varying vehicular or surface conditions, e.g. due to speed or load
- B60G17/015—Resilient suspensions having means for adjusting the spring or vibration-damper characteristics, for regulating the distance between a supporting surface and a sprung part of vehicle or for locking suspension during use to meet varying vehicular or surface conditions, e.g. due to speed or load the regulating means comprising electric or electronic elements
- B60G17/0152—Resilient suspensions having means for adjusting the spring or vibration-damper characteristics, for regulating the distance between a supporting surface and a sprung part of vehicle or for locking suspension during use to meet varying vehicular or surface conditions, e.g. due to speed or load the regulating means comprising electric or electronic elements characterised by the action on a particular type of suspension unit
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60G—VEHICLE SUSPENSION ARRANGEMENTS
- B60G11/00—Resilient suspensions characterised by arrangement, location or kind of springs
- B60G11/26—Resilient suspensions characterised by arrangement, location or kind of springs having fluid springs only, e.g. hydropneumatic springs
- B60G11/27—Resilient suspensions characterised by arrangement, location or kind of springs having fluid springs only, e.g. hydropneumatic springs wherein the fluid is a gas
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60G—VEHICLE SUSPENSION ARRANGEMENTS
- B60G11/00—Resilient suspensions characterised by arrangement, location or kind of springs
- B60G11/32—Resilient suspensions characterised by arrangement, location or kind of springs having springs of different kinds
- B60G11/48—Resilient suspensions characterised by arrangement, location or kind of springs having springs of different kinds not including leaf springs
- B60G11/56—Resilient suspensions characterised by arrangement, location or kind of springs having springs of different kinds not including leaf springs having helical, spiral or coil springs, and also fluid springs
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60G—VEHICLE SUSPENSION ARRANGEMENTS
- B60G17/00—Resilient suspensions having means for adjusting the spring or vibration-damper characteristics, for regulating the distance between a supporting surface and a sprung part of vehicle or for locking suspension during use to meet varying vehicular or surface conditions, e.g. due to speed or load
- B60G17/015—Resilient suspensions having means for adjusting the spring or vibration-damper characteristics, for regulating the distance between a supporting surface and a sprung part of vehicle or for locking suspension during use to meet varying vehicular or surface conditions, e.g. due to speed or load the regulating means comprising electric or electronic elements
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60G—VEHICLE SUSPENSION ARRANGEMENTS
- B60G17/00—Resilient suspensions having means for adjusting the spring or vibration-damper characteristics, for regulating the distance between a supporting surface and a sprung part of vehicle or for locking suspension during use to meet varying vehicular or surface conditions, e.g. due to speed or load
- B60G17/015—Resilient suspensions having means for adjusting the spring or vibration-damper characteristics, for regulating the distance between a supporting surface and a sprung part of vehicle or for locking suspension during use to meet varying vehicular or surface conditions, e.g. due to speed or load the regulating means comprising electric or electronic elements
- B60G17/0152—Resilient suspensions having means for adjusting the spring or vibration-damper characteristics, for regulating the distance between a supporting surface and a sprung part of vehicle or for locking suspension during use to meet varying vehicular or surface conditions, e.g. due to speed or load the regulating means comprising electric or electronic elements characterised by the action on a particular type of suspension unit
- B60G17/0155—Resilient suspensions having means for adjusting the spring or vibration-damper characteristics, for regulating the distance between a supporting surface and a sprung part of vehicle or for locking suspension during use to meet varying vehicular or surface conditions, e.g. due to speed or load the regulating means comprising electric or electronic elements characterised by the action on a particular type of suspension unit pneumatic unit
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60G—VEHICLE SUSPENSION ARRANGEMENTS
- B60G17/00—Resilient suspensions having means for adjusting the spring or vibration-damper characteristics, for regulating the distance between a supporting surface and a sprung part of vehicle or for locking suspension during use to meet varying vehicular or surface conditions, e.g. due to speed or load
- B60G17/015—Resilient suspensions having means for adjusting the spring or vibration-damper characteristics, for regulating the distance between a supporting surface and a sprung part of vehicle or for locking suspension during use to meet varying vehicular or surface conditions, e.g. due to speed or load the regulating means comprising electric or electronic elements
- B60G17/019—Resilient suspensions having means for adjusting the spring or vibration-damper characteristics, for regulating the distance between a supporting surface and a sprung part of vehicle or for locking suspension during use to meet varying vehicular or surface conditions, e.g. due to speed or load the regulating means comprising electric or electronic elements characterised by the type of sensor or the arrangement thereof
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60G—VEHICLE SUSPENSION ARRANGEMENTS
- B60G17/00—Resilient suspensions having means for adjusting the spring or vibration-damper characteristics, for regulating the distance between a supporting surface and a sprung part of vehicle or for locking suspension during use to meet varying vehicular or surface conditions, e.g. due to speed or load
- B60G17/02—Spring characteristics, e.g. mechanical springs and mechanical adjusting means
- B60G17/04—Spring characteristics, e.g. mechanical springs and mechanical adjusting means fluid spring characteristics
- B60G17/052—Pneumatic spring characteristics
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60G—VEHICLE SUSPENSION ARRANGEMENTS
- B60G2202/00—Indexing codes relating to the type of spring, damper or actuator
- B60G2202/10—Type of spring
- B60G2202/12—Wound spring
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60G—VEHICLE SUSPENSION ARRANGEMENTS
- B60G2202/00—Indexing codes relating to the type of spring, damper or actuator
- B60G2202/10—Type of spring
- B60G2202/15—Fluid spring
- B60G2202/152—Pneumatic spring
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60G—VEHICLE SUSPENSION ARRANGEMENTS
- B60G2400/00—Indexing codes relating to detected, measured or calculated conditions or factors
- B60G2400/25—Stroke; Height; Displacement
- B60G2400/252—Stroke; Height; Displacement vertical
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60G—VEHICLE SUSPENSION ARRANGEMENTS
- B60G2400/00—Indexing codes relating to detected, measured or calculated conditions or factors
- B60G2400/50—Pressure
- B60G2400/51—Pressure in suspension unit
- B60G2400/512—Pressure in suspension unit in spring
- B60G2400/5122—Fluid spring
- B60G2400/51222—Pneumatic
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60G—VEHICLE SUSPENSION ARRANGEMENTS
- B60G2400/00—Indexing codes relating to detected, measured or calculated conditions or factors
- B60G2400/60—Load
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60G—VEHICLE SUSPENSION ARRANGEMENTS
- B60G2500/00—Indexing codes relating to the regulated action or device
- B60G2500/20—Spring action or springs
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60G—VEHICLE SUSPENSION ARRANGEMENTS
- B60G2500/00—Indexing codes relating to the regulated action or device
- B60G2500/30—Height or ground clearance
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60G—VEHICLE SUSPENSION ARRANGEMENTS
- B60G2600/00—Indexing codes relating to particular elements, systems or processes used on suspension systems or suspension control systems
- B60G2600/18—Automatic control means
- B60G2600/181—Signal modulation; pulse-width, frequency-phase
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60G—VEHICLE SUSPENSION ARRANGEMENTS
- B60G2800/00—Indexing codes relating to the type of movement or to the condition of the vehicle and to the end result to be achieved by the control action
- B60G2800/87—System configuration based on vehicle type or model
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60G—VEHICLE SUSPENSION ARRANGEMENTS
- B60G2800/00—Indexing codes relating to the type of movement or to the condition of the vehicle and to the end result to be achieved by the control action
- B60G2800/90—System Controller type
- B60G2800/91—Suspension Control
- B60G2800/912—Attitude Control; levelling control
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60G—VEHICLE SUSPENSION ARRANGEMENTS
- B60G2800/00—Indexing codes relating to the type of movement or to the condition of the vehicle and to the end result to be achieved by the control action
- B60G2800/90—System Controller type
- B60G2800/91—Suspension Control
- B60G2800/914—Height Control System
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01G—WEIGHING
- G01G19/00—Weighing apparatus or methods adapted for special purposes not provided for in the preceding groups
- G01G19/08—Weighing apparatus or methods adapted for special purposes not provided for in the preceding groups for incorporation in vehicles
- G01G19/10—Weighing apparatus or methods adapted for special purposes not provided for in the preceding groups for incorporation in vehicles having fluid weight-sensitive devices
Definitions
- the invention relates to an electronic control unit of an electronically controlled level control device of a mechanically and/or pneumatically/hydraulically sprung vehicle, with control means and sensor means provided for level control, which are installed and/or functionally expanded in the vehicle in such a way that, in addition to or instead of level control, functions for determining the axle load on mechanically sprung vehicle axles and for determining the axle load on pneumatically/hydraulically sprung vehicle axles are available.
- the invention also relates to a method for determining an axle load with such a control unit on a mechanically and/or pneumatically/hydraulically sprung vehicle, a correspondingly designed level control device and a vehicle with such devices.
- Determining the axle load on a vehicle is used to display and monitor its loading status. This is intended to prevent overloads that endanger safety and unfavourable weight distribution on the vehicle.
- the installation of overload indicators is already mandatory, or will be in the future, in commercial vehicles in particular. Weighing the vehicle at an external weighing station will therefore not be sufficient in the future to meet legal requirements. There is therefore an increasing need for simple and cost-effective on-board weighing systems, i.e. those built into the vehicle.
- So-called on-board weighing systems are already known, such as the Air-WeighTM product, which can be installed in vehicles with steel suspension, air suspension or mixed suspension.
- the disadvantage is that such devices are relatively expensive separate installation systems with which a commercial vehicle can be equipped, but which are designed exclusively to determine the axle load and in particular cannot be integrated into an existing level control device. Two separate systems are then required for level control and axle load determination.
- a well-known system for level control is, for example, the modular ECAS (Electronically Controlled Air Suspension) system described in the WABCO GmbH company brochure "ECAS in Motor Vehicles", 2nd edition, 2007, which has long been used in commercial vehicles such as trucks, buses and trailers, as well as in passenger cars.
- This system already has extended functions that can also be used to determine the axle load, at least on air-sprung axles.
- Such an electronically controlled air suspension system for level control in vehicles essentially consists of several adjustable air suspension elements designed as support bellows, an electronic control unit that can be integrated into a data bus system (CAN), a distance measuring device for recording distance variables for level determination, a control valve device for operating the air suspension elements and an operating unit for the user.
- CAN data bus system
- this air suspension system enables level control to make loading and unloading a vehicle easier.
- trailers a constant body height and improved tire freewheeling can be achieved with every load.
- existing so-called lifting axles can be raised or lowered as required.
- Systems such as the ECAS mentioned above can have one or more pressure sensors assigned to the air suspension elements, by means of which pressure measurements can be used to determine the axle load on air-sprung axles.
- a method for determining the axle load of a vehicle by measuring pressures in axle-side air suspension bellows is described, for example, in DE 44 39 064 B4.
- Height sensors which are also often referred to as displacement sensors due to their measuring principle, are generally used to determine the axle load on mechanically sprung vehicle axles.
- the axle load determination is based on the measurement of the spring travel of a spring element by which a vehicle axle or individual vehicle wheels are spring-coupled to a vehicle body.
- the displacement sensor is usually located on the vehicle body near the vehicle axle whose axle load is to be measured.
- the displacement sensor is connected to the relevant axle via a lever, whereby the displacement sensor, which is designed as a rotation angle sensor, detects a rotary movement of the lever and can be used to determine an axle load.
- DE 10 2016 004 721 A1 describes such a measuring device for measuring an axle load on a vehicle.
- a method for determining an axle load on a mechanically and/or pneumatically/hydraulic-sprung vehicle is known from the unpublished DE 10 2017 011 753.5.
- the axle load is determined using control and sensor means which are provided for an electronically controlled, pneumatic/hydraulic level control system, for example ECAS, and which are functionally expanded if necessary.
- ECAS electronically controlled, pneumatic/hydraulic level control system
- a plausibility check is carried out, based on which the level control system recognizes the respective suspension type (mechanical or pneumatic/hydraulic) of a vehicle axle.
- the corresponding function for determining the axle load is then activated.
- the axle load on a mechanically sprung vehicle axle is determined using a distance measuring device.
- the axle load on a pneumatically/hydraulic-sprung vehicle axle is determined using a pressure measuring device.
- the invention was based on the object of providing an electronic control unit with which, on the one hand, at least one axle load determination can be carried out on mechanically suspended vehicles and, on the other hand, an axle load determination with the option of level control can be carried out on pneumatically/hydraulically suspended or mixed-suspended vehicles.
- the control unit should have an extended functionality with regard to the detection of a sensor signal for axle load determination on the mechanically suspended vehicle axles.
- a further object was to present a method for axle load determination with such a control unit. In particular, this control unit and this method should be suitable for use in a commercial vehicle.
- the invention was based on the finding that an already available air spring level control system for vehicles basically has all the components that are also required for an axle load measuring system, regardless of the type of suspension of the vehicle. Such a system can be adapted and expanded with relatively little effort in order to be able to operate largely independently of the sensor type when determining the axle load. This makes it possible to provide a very versatile system for level control and axle load measurement on pneumatic/hydraulic, mechanical or mixed-sprung vehicles.
- the invention is based on an electronic control unit of an electronically controlled level control device of a mechanically and/or pneumatically/hydraulically sprung vehicle, with control means and sensor means provided for level control, which are installed and/or functionally expanded in the vehicle in such a way that in addition to or instead of level control, functions for axle load determination on mechanically sprung vehicle axles as well as for axle load determination on pneumatically/hydraulically sprung vehicle axles.
- the control unit has an electrical interface which is designed to receive electrical measurement signals from sensors of different sensor types, at least suitable for determining the axle load on mechanically sprung vehicle axles, and that the control unit has a first non-volatile memory for storing sensor-specific characteristic curves and a second non-volatile memory for storing an algorithm for processing or further processing the sensor-specific measurement signals forwarded or processed by the interface, wherein the current axle load on a respective mechanically sprung vehicle axle can be determined for each stored sensor type by means of a correlation of the respective sensor-specific measurement signal forwarded or processed via the interface with the characteristic curve stored for the respective sensor type.
- the term mechanical suspension is usually understood to mean a steel suspension.
- a mechanical suspension can also have springs made of other materials, such as other alloys or fiber composite materials, instead of steel springs.
- steel-sprung axles are mentioned here, this is not intended to restrict the invention to mechanical springs made of this material.
- air-sprung vehicle axles the same can be applied to hydraulically sprung axles.
- a pneumatic/hydraulic suspension is understood to mean a suspension that can be based either on air springs (pneumatic) or on fluid springs (hydraulic).
- ECAS Electronicically Controlled Air Suspension
- the invention provides an integrated axle load measuring system that can determine the axle load on the axles of a vehicle independently of pneumatic/hydraulic or mechanical suspension, and is not limited to a specific type of sensor on the mechanical axles.
- the particular advantage of the invention is that the same electronic control unit can determine the axle load on a mechanically sprung axle not only using conventional displacement sensors, but also using load sensors. This enables the control unit, for example, to evaluate the signal from particularly sensitive and precisely measuring load sensors.
- the invention proposes storing a calculation algorithm in a reserved, non-volatile memory area in an electronic control unit of an electronically controlled level control device of a mechanically and/or pneumatically/hydraulically suspended vehicle, for example in an ECAS system, which can calculate the axle load on a mechanically suspended axle from measurement data from a sensor, for example a height sensor or a load sensor, depending on the type of sensor.
- a sensor for example a height sensor or a load sensor, depending on the type of sensor.
- a height sensor and/or a load sensor can thus be arranged on the relevant axle, for example.
- control unit of an air suspension level control system is therefore expanded in such a way that, in addition to the already existing functions of level control on the air suspension and axle load determination on air-sprung axles as well as axle load determination on mechanically sprung axles with a travel sensor, axle load determination on mechanically sprung axles with a load sensor can now also be carried out with this control unit.
- an interface is arranged that is designed to record signals from various sensor types, all of which are suitable for determining the axle load on mechanically suspended axles.
- This common, i.e. sensor type-independent The interface is particularly capable of recording signals from a height sensor as well as signals from a load sensor and transmitting them to the control unit. Characteristic curves for various possible sensor types are stored in a non-volatile memory in the control unit. The calculation algorithm can then evaluate the sensor signal using the respective sensor-specific characteristic curve in order to determine the axle load.
- the interface can be designed as a pulse width modulation interface.
- the method of pulse width modulation (PWM) is particularly well suited to transmitting analog sensor measurements to an electronic control system and has already proven itself many times over. Accordingly, the electrical sensor measurements from height sensors and/or load sensors, which are generated on mechanically sprung vehicle axles, can be recorded using the interface either via electrical or optical lines or via a radio link, converted into PWM signals and fed to the calculation algorithm for further processing.
- PWM pulse width modulation
- measurement signals from a sensor arranged on a mechanically sprung vehicle axle or associated therewith for determining the axle load can be detected by means of the interface, wherein the sensor is based on a measuring principle that works with contact between the vehicle axle and the vehicle body or on a measuring principle that works without contact between the vehicle axle and the vehicle body.
- the electrical interface is largely independent of the sensor type and can interact with sensors in which the vehicle body is mechanically coupled to a mechanically sprung vehicle axle, as well as with sensors in which a transmitting device and a receiving device are arranged on the vehicle body and on a mechanically sprung vehicle axle.
- the electronic control unit it can be provided that measurement signals from a sensor arranged on or in the area of a mechanically sprung vehicle axle and designed as a load sensor for determining the axle load can be detected by means of the interface.
- axle load determination is suitable for determining when the maximum permissible axle load of the vehicle has been reached or exceeded and has proven itself. With a partial load, however, the determination of the axle load is relatively inaccurate due to the amount of deflection.
- Load sensors are better suited for reliable and accurate determination of the axle load and the total weight of the vehicle in the entire range from unloaded to fully loaded.
- the interface is suitable for receiving measurement signals from such sensors.
- strain gauge load sensors can be used to determine axle load on mechanically sprung vehicle axles. These are based on measuring a change in electrical resistance due to a load-dependent deformation of a component.
- Magnetic field load sensors are already in development.
- Such future load sensors can, for example, use effects that are based on a load-dependent change in the magnetic properties of a ferromagnetic component, as described in DE 10 2007 048 569 B4.
- the corresponding characteristics of such sensor types can already be stored in the control unit or can be stored in the future with little effort.
- measurement signals from a sensor designed as a displacement sensor for determining axle load can be recorded by means of the interface.
- conventional displacement sensors can also be used to determine the axle load. These can be based on a mechanical coupling of a rotation angle sensor between the vehicle body and the vehicle axle, whereby a measured distance between the vehicle body and the vehicle axle is converted into an axle load value using a level signal characteristic curve.
- non-contact displacement sensors i.e. without a mechanical coupling between the vehicle axle and the chassis, which work with an electromagnetic transceiver, as described for example in DE 10 2015 002 167 A1.
- the invention is based on a method for determining an axle load on a mechanically and/or pneumatically/hydraulically sprung vehicle, in which the axle load is determined with the aid of an electronic control unit of an electronically controlled level control device of the vehicle, wherein control and sensor means provided for the level control are installed and/or functionally expanded in the vehicle in such a way that in addition to a level control or instead of a level control, functions for determining the axle load on mechanically sprung vehicle axles and for determining the axle load on pneumatically/hydraulically sprung vehicle axles are available.
- this method provides that in order to determine the axle load on a mechanically sprung vehicle axle, a measurement signal from such a sensor is recorded via an electrical interface of the control unit, which is designed to receive electrical measurement signals from sensors of different sensor types, at least those suitable for determining the axle load on mechanically sprung vehicle axles, and is evaluated using an algorithm stored in the control unit.
- the sensor type intended for determining the axle load on the mechanically sprung vehicle axle is first preselected or determined and then a characteristic curve stored for this recognized sensor type in a memory of the control unit is selected. With the help of this characteristic curve An axle load is assigned to the respective measured value of the recorded measuring signal and a corresponding axle load-dependent signal is output.
- an existing control unit of a level control device such as ECAS can also be used advantageously for vehicle applications in which the vehicle does not have an air spring, i.e. no support bellows, control valves and pressure sensors, or in which the vehicle not only has air-sprung axles with these components, but also mechanically sprung axles without these components.
- the control unit is modified in terms of software and expanded with an electrical interface that is independent of the sensor type so that the axle load can also be determined on these mechanically sprung axles.
- the control unit records measured values from sensors installed on the mechanically sprung axles and converts them into axle load values using a characteristic curve. Suitable sensors can be displacement sensors or load sensors.
- the type of sensor present on the mechanically sprung vehicle axles of the vehicle is preselected in the control unit and calibrated if necessary.
- the method can be used to advantage on both mechanically suspended and mixed-suspension vehicles.
- a plausibility check can be carried out before determining the axle load on the mechanically suspended vehicle axles on vehicles with mixed suspension in order to distinguish between mechanically suspended axles and pneumatically suspended axles. For example, the presence of supporting bellows, pressure sensors and the valve devices associated with them on existing air-suspended vehicle axles can be verified.
- the method is repeated at certain time intervals or if at least the respective sensor signals are recorded several times over a predetermined period of time and time-averaged output signals are formed from them. This can increase the accuracy and reliability of the axle load values determined. At a minimum, the method should be carried out every time the control unit of the level control device is switched on. This ensures that the system is ready for operation without any problems.
- the invention also relates to a level control device of a vehicle, which is designed for level control and for determining the axle load on mechanically and/or pneumatically/hydraulically sprung vehicle axles according to at least one of the features of the device claims mentioned and can be operated to carry out a method according to the above-mentioned method or the method claim.
- the invention relates to a vehicle, such as a commercial vehicle or passenger car, with a level control device for level control and for determining the axle load on mechanically and/or pneumatically/hydraulically sprung vehicle axles, which is designed according to at least one of the device claims and can be operated to carry out a method according to at least one of the method claims.
- Fig. 1 shows a highly schematically simplified level control device which is designed for axle load determination and level control on a vehicle equipped with mechanically and pneumatically suspended axles, and
- Fig. 2 is a flow chart of an embodiment of a method according to the invention for determining an axle load on a mixed-suspension vehicle according to Fig. 1.
- the level control device 1 of a vehicle for example an ECAS system, for example of a truck, shown in simplified form in Fig. 1, has two adjustable air spring elements 3a, 3b designed as support bellows for a springy support of a vehicle body (not shown) against a rear vehicle axle 2 designed as a drive axle.
- a front vehicle axle 4 is supported by two helical compression springs.
- Steel spring elements 5a, 5b are supported relative to the vehicle body, i.e. mechanically sprung.
- the pneumatic/hydraulic, in this case air-sprung rear vehicle axle 2 is assigned a displacement measuring device 6 with a displacement sensor 6a for recording displacement variables for level control, a pressure measuring device 7 with at least one pressure sensor 7a for recording pressure values for determining the axle load on the air-sprung vehicle axle 2 and a control valve device 8 designed as a valve circuit with one control valve 8a, 8b designed as a solenoid valve for each air spring element 3a, 3b.
- the control valve device 8 is switchably pneumatically connected to the air spring elements 3a, 3b and has a compressed air connection (not specified in more detail).
- the mechanical, in this case steel-sprung front vehicle axle 4 is assigned an axle load measuring device 9 with an axle load sensor 9a for determining the axle load on this axle 4.
- an electronic control unit 10 is arranged between the vehicle body and the air-sprung vehicle axle 2 for evaluating the travel, axle load and pressure measurements and for controlling the air spring elements 3a, 3b for setting a driving level.
- the electronic control unit 10 has an electrical interface 10a which is designed to receive and transmit measurement signals from various sensor types.
- the interface 10a is particularly capable of detecting and further processing measurement signals from various sensor types which, depending on the vehicle's equipment, can be arranged on the mechanically sprung vehicle axle 4.
- the interface 10a can be used to pulse width modulate the received measurement signals, whereupon the modulated measurement values are fed to the control unit 10.
- the electronic control unit 10 also has a non-volatile memory 10b in which several characteristic curves of various sensor types are stored, for example in tables or value pairs.
- an operating unit 11 for a respective user is electrically connected to the control unit 10.
- the user can Settings and calibration of the level control device 1 can be initiated or carried out, for example as described in EP 2 097 278 B1.
- the control valve device 8, distance measuring device 6 and pressure measuring device 7 assigned to the air-sprung axle 2, as well as the axle load measuring device 9 assigned to the mechanically sprung axle are connected to the control unit 10 by means of signals.
- the control unit 10 has a CAN controller, via which the control unit 10 is connected to a CAN bus 12.
- the CAN controller controls interruption requests and regulates the data transfer.
- the structure of a CAN bus in a vehicle and the connection of various bus participants to the CAN bus are known.
- the displacement sensor 6a for level control is attached to the vehicle body near its associated air-sprung vehicle axle 2 and is connected to the vehicle axle 2 via a lever system (not shown).
- the displacement sensor 6a has a rotation angle sensor (not shown) which detects the respective angular position of the lever system mentioned.
- the rotational movement of the lever system can be converted into a linear movement inside the displacement sensor 6a, for example in the form of an armature being immersed in a coil, whereby the immersion movement of the ferromagnetic armature in the fixed coil creates a path-dependent phase shift between current and voltage, which is made available as an output signal which the control unit 10 receives.
- An actual level of the distance between the vehicle axle 2, 4 and the vehicle body can be determined from this signal. The value of the actual level can be used on the air-sprung vehicle axle 2 for level control.
- Level control of an air suspension with such a system is known per se.
- the travel sensor 6a for level control measures the distance between the vehicle axle and the vehicle body at certain time intervals.
- the measured value determined is the actual value of a control circuit and is forwarded to the control unit 10.
- this actual value is compared with a setpoint value specified in the control unit 10. If there is an impermissible difference between the actual value and the setpoint value, the control unit 10 sends a control signal to the control valve 8a, 8b. transmitted.
- the control valve 8a, 8b now controls the air spring element 3a, 3b designed as a bellows and inflates or deflates it.
- the change in pressure in the air spring element 3a, 3b also changes the distance between the vehicle axle and the vehicle body. The distance is again detected by the travel sensor 6a and the cycle starts again from there.
- the axle load sensor 9a for determining the axle load on the mechanically sprung vehicle axle 4 is attached to the vehicle body near its associated vehicle axle 4.
- the axle load sensor 9a can be designed, for example, as a displacement sensor which is essentially identical in construction to the displacement sensor 6a for level control. On the mechanically sprung vehicle axle 4, the value of the actual level is used for determining the axle load with such an axle load sensor 9a.
- the axle load determination on the mechanically sprung vehicle axle 4 makes use of the simple relationship that the force on the vehicle axle 4 is determined from the spring constant of the spring element 5a, 5b and the measured deflection, whereby the axle load of the vehicle can be determined by means of a level signal characteristic curve.
- This embodiment of an axle load sensor 9a is only to be seen as an example.
- axle load sensors 9a can be considered which directly generate a load-dependent signal instead of a displacement-dependent signal.
- Such axle load sensors 9a are already known and are constantly being further developed.
- the interface 10a of the control unit 10 is designed in such a way that it can process both signals from displacement sensors and signals from load sensors that are generated on mechanically sprung vehicle axles as a common interface. All that is required is an algorithm that uses a stored sensor-specific characteristic curve to convert the measurement signal of the sensor detected by the control unit 10 into an axle load value.
- control unit 10 can receive additional signals from the pressure measuring device 7 via the interface 10a in order to determine the axle load on the air-sprung vehicle axle 2.
- the axle load determination makes use of the combination
- the invention takes advantage of the fact that the force acting on the vehicle axle 4 can be deduced from a pressure value in the air spring element 3a, 3b, whereby an axle load value of the vehicle can be determined by means of a pressure signal characteristic curve.
- Fig. 2 serves to explain this method. Accordingly, Fig. 2 shows a flow chart with function blocks F1 to F21 of method steps for determining an axle load on the air-sprung vehicle axle 2 and on the mechanically sprung vehicle axle 4.
- the method starts with the activation of the level control device 1, for example when switching on an ignition system of the vehicle according to a first function block F1.
- an axle-specific plausibility check is carried out with three component queries, based on which the program is divided into two program branches. These are a first routine which determines the axle load on the air-sprung vehicle axle 2 and a second routine which determines the axle load on the mechanically sprung vehicle axle 4.
- An axle-specific plausibility check for identifying the type of suspension and a first routine for determining the axle load on an air-sprung vehicle axle are already described in the applicant's DE 10 2017 011 753.5 mentioned at the beginning.
- an adapted plausibility check and a new second routine according to the invention are presented here, which determines the axle load on the mechanically sprung vehicle axle 4.
- the plausibility check begins with a first query F2 as to whether a signal from a control valve 8a, 8b is not equal to zero within a predetermined period of time. This is followed by a second query F3 as to whether a signal from a control valve 8a, 8b is not equal to zero within a predetermined period of time. of a displacement sensor 6a is not equal to zero. A third query F4 is then made as to whether a signal from a pressure sensor 7a is not equal to zero within a predetermined period of time. These queries are carried out equally on each vehicle axle 2, 4 or their associated components.
- the air-suspended vehicle axle 2 is detected in block F5 and the associated routine for determining the axle load starts in block F6.
- the pressure sensor signal is read out in block F7.
- the axle load on the air-suspended vehicle axle 2 is determined using a pressure signal characteristic curve stored in a memory 10b of the control unit 10 and sent to the CAN bus 12 in block F9.
- the axle load information of the air-suspended vehicle axle 2 can be shown to the driver via a display and/or used by other electronic control systems. If no travel sensor signal is detected, although a control valve signal is present, level control is not possible on the air-suspended vehicle axle 2 according to block F10.
- the mechanically suspended vehicle axle 2 is detected in block F13 and the associated routine for determining the axle load starts in block F14.
- the displacement sensor signal or angle sensor signal is read out.
- the actual level is determined from this.
- the axle load is determined using a level signal characteristic curve stored in the memory 10b of the control unit 10, in which the measured actual level is correlated with the axle load, or using an angle signal characteristic curve in which the measured angle of rotation of the angle sensor is correlated with the axle load. the mechanically sprung vehicle axle 4 and sent in block F18 on the CAN bus 12.
- a further query is made in block F21 as to whether a signal from a load sensor is present within a predetermined period of time. If this is the case, the mechanically sprung vehicle axle 2 is detected in block F13 and the associated routine for determining the axle load starts in block F14.
- the load sensor signal is read out in block F15a.
- the axle load on the mechanically sprung vehicle axle 4 is determined using a load signal characteristic curve stored in the memory 10b of the control unit 10, in which the measured load signal is correlated with the axle load, and is sent on the CAN bus 12 in block F18.
- the axle load information for the mechanically sprung vehicle axle 4 can be shown to the driver via a display and/or used by other electronic control systems.
- the axle load information is therefore available on all vehicle axles 2, 4.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Vehicle Body Suspensions (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE102023106891.1A DE102023106891A1 (de) | 2023-03-20 | 2023-03-20 | Elektronische Steuereinheit einer Niveauregulierungseinrichtung eines Fahrzeugs so-wie Verfahren zur Achslastermittlung mit einer solchen Steuereinheit |
| PCT/EP2024/053539 WO2024193904A1 (de) | 2023-03-20 | 2024-02-13 | Elektronische steuereinheit einer niveauregulierungseinrichtung eines fahrzeugs sowie verfahren zur achslastermittlung mit einer solchen steuereinheit |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP4683810A1 true EP4683810A1 (de) | 2026-01-28 |
Family
ID=89942599
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP24705408.3A Withdrawn EP4683810A1 (de) | 2023-03-20 | 2024-02-13 | Elektronische steuereinheit einer niveauregulierungseinrichtung eines fahrzeugs sowie verfahren zur achslastermittlung mit einer solchen steuereinheit |
Country Status (5)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US20260008313A1 (de) |
| EP (1) | EP4683810A1 (de) |
| CN (1) | CN120813490A (de) |
| DE (1) | DE102023106891A1 (de) |
| WO (1) | WO2024193904A1 (de) |
Family Cites Families (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE4439064B4 (de) | 1994-11-02 | 2004-01-15 | Wabco Gmbh & Co. Ohg | Verfahren zum Ermitteln der Achslast eines Fahrzeugs |
| DE102006054977B4 (de) | 2006-11-22 | 2017-05-04 | Wabco Gmbh | Verfahren zur Kalibrierung der Achslastanzeige eines ECAS-Niveauregelsystems |
| DE102007048569B4 (de) | 2007-10-10 | 2018-07-05 | Ab Skf | Fahrzeugachsenvorrichtung zum Bestimmen einer Achslast |
| CA2756470C (en) * | 2010-11-01 | 2015-09-01 | Wheel Monitor Inc. | Monitoring system for controlling liftable and steer axles on trucks or tractor trailers |
| US12552213B2 (en) * | 2014-12-16 | 2026-02-17 | Aktv 8 Llc | Systems and methods for vehicle load management |
| DE102015002167A1 (de) | 2015-02-24 | 2016-08-25 | Wabco Gmbh | Verfahren und System zur Höhenmessung in einem Fahrzeug |
| DE102016004721A1 (de) | 2016-04-19 | 2017-02-09 | Daimler Ag | Kraftfahrzeug mit mindestens einer Messeinrichtung zur Messung einer Achslast und/oder einer Radlast |
| DE102017011753A1 (de) | 2017-12-19 | 2019-06-19 | Wabco Gmbh | Verfahren zur Ermittlung einer Achslast an einem mechanisch und/oder pneumatisch/hydraulisch gefederten Fahrzeug sowie Vorrichtung hierzu |
| DE102019111187A1 (de) * | 2019-04-30 | 2020-11-05 | Wabco Gmbh | Verfahren zur Ermittlung einer Achslast an einem mechanisch gefederten Fahrzeug |
| DE102019130087A1 (de) * | 2019-11-07 | 2021-05-12 | Wabco Europe Bvba | Luftfedersteuerungssystem und Luftfedersystem sowie Fahrzeug damit und Verfahren dafür |
-
2023
- 2023-03-20 DE DE102023106891.1A patent/DE102023106891A1/de active Pending
-
2024
- 2024-02-13 WO PCT/EP2024/053539 patent/WO2024193904A1/de not_active Ceased
- 2024-02-13 CN CN202480019603.8A patent/CN120813490A/zh active Pending
- 2024-02-13 EP EP24705408.3A patent/EP4683810A1/de not_active Withdrawn
-
2025
- 2025-09-11 US US19/326,427 patent/US20260008313A1/en active Pending
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| WO2024193904A1 (de) | 2024-09-26 |
| CN120813490A (zh) | 2025-10-17 |
| DE102023106891A1 (de) | 2024-09-26 |
| US20260008313A1 (en) | 2026-01-08 |
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