EP4676829A1 - Voilure d'embarcation nautique et embarcation nautique la comportant - Google Patents
Voilure d'embarcation nautique et embarcation nautique la comportantInfo
- Publication number
- EP4676829A1 EP4676829A1 EP24709066.5A EP24709066A EP4676829A1 EP 4676829 A1 EP4676829 A1 EP 4676829A1 EP 24709066 A EP24709066 A EP 24709066A EP 4676829 A1 EP4676829 A1 EP 4676829A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- sail
- mast
- sails
- axis
- yards
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
- B63H—MARINE PROPULSION OR STEERING
- B63H9/00—Marine propulsion provided directly by wind power
- B63H9/04—Marine propulsion provided directly by wind power using sails or like wind-catching surfaces
- B63H9/06—Types of sail; Constructional features of sails; Arrangements thereof on vessels
- B63H9/061—Rigid sails; Aerofoil sails
- B63H9/0621—Rigid sails comprising one or more pivotally supported panels
- B63H9/0635—Rigid sails comprising one or more pivotally supported panels the panels being pivotable about vertical axes
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
- B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING
- B63B15/00—Superstructures, deckhouses, wheelhouses or the like; Arrangements or adaptations of masts or spars, e.g. bowsprits
- B63B15/0083—Masts for sailing ships or boats
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
- B63H—MARINE PROPULSION OR STEERING
- B63H9/00—Marine propulsion provided directly by wind power
- B63H9/04—Marine propulsion provided directly by wind power using sails or like wind-catching surfaces
- B63H9/08—Connections of sails to masts, spars, or the like
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
- B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING
- B63B15/00—Superstructures, deckhouses, wheelhouses or the like; Arrangements or adaptations of masts or spars, e.g. bowsprits
- B63B2015/0016—Masts characterized by mast configuration or construction
- B63B2015/005—Masts characterized by mast configuration or construction with means for varying mast position or orientation with respect to the hull
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
- B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING
- B63B35/00—Vessels or similar floating structures specially adapted for specific purposes and not otherwise provided for
- B63B2035/009—Wind propelled vessels comprising arrangements, installations or devices specially adapted therefor, other than wind propulsion arrangements, installations, or devices, such as sails, running rigging, or the like, and other than sailboards or the like or related equipment
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
- B63H—MARINE PROPULSION OR STEERING
- B63H9/00—Marine propulsion provided directly by wind power
- B63H9/04—Marine propulsion provided directly by wind power using sails or like wind-catching surfaces
- B63H9/08—Connections of sails to masts, spars, or the like
- B63H2009/082—Booms, or the like
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T70/00—Maritime or waterways transport
- Y02T70/50—Measures to reduce greenhouse gas emissions related to the propulsion system
- Y02T70/5218—Less carbon-intensive fuels, e.g. natural gas, biofuels
- Y02T70/5236—Renewable or hybrid-electric solutions
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a sail of a nautical vessel and a nautical vessel comprising it. It applies, in particular, to the field of sailing a merchant ship.
- V is the apparent wind speed
- Coef is the efficiency coefficient depending on the shape of the roughness elongation, the Reynolds number etc.
- the lift coefficient generated by an asymmetrical thick profile peaks at around 1.7.
- a thick symmetrical profile requires twice as much material as a thin profile, for example a soft sail, which will have a roughly similar lift coefficient, between 1 and 1.2.
- the relative reduction in drag with a thick profile will be a major advantage for configurations in which the apparent wind angle is very close to the sailboat's course (racing multihull or cargo using the sail as an additional feature).
- the wind speed at 200 m altitude is 50% higher than on the ground, because of the square of the speed we can hope to double the propulsive force for an equal surface area. It is enough to stabilize a kite with a surface area of several hundred square meters.
- the Japanese utility model JP S60 110098 U is known, which discloses a boat whose rigid sail comprises three half-sails, together forming an arc of a circle, positioned at the top of a rotating mast. However, these three half-sails only form a sail positioned on one side of the mast.
- Chinese patent application CN 104 176 222 A is known, which discloses a sail consisting of three rigid sails sliding along a mast. However, these three sails are positioned on the same side of the mast.
- German patent application DE 37 18 414 A1 is known, which discloses a flexible sail whose sails are superimposed one under the other and fixed along the entire length of the spars. Similarly, the sails are mounted on one side of the mast only.
- the present invention proposes, with at least one biplane wing, to obtain all or part of the qualities listed above.
- FIG. 2 represents, schematically and in top view, a first particular embodiment of the wing object of the invention
- - figure 3 represents, schematically and in perspective, the sail illustrated in figure 2, partially deployed and partially folded
- - figure 4 represents, schematically and in perspective, a second particular embodiment of the wing object of the invention partially deployed and partially folded
- FIG. 5 represents, schematically and in side view, a first particular embodiment of a boat which is the subject of the invention
- FIG. 6 represents, schematically and in top view, different speeds of a second particular embodiment of a boat which is the subject of the invention, all sails deployed,
- FIG. 7 represents, schematically and in side view, a third particular embodiment of a boat which is the subject of the invention, with partially deployed and partially folded sails,
- FIG. 8 shows, schematically and in top view, the boat illustrated in figure 5, the masts being pivoted to clear the deck of the boat,
- FIG. 9 represents, schematically and in perspective, a third particular embodiment of the wing object of the invention partially deployed and partially folded,
- figure 10 represents, schematically and in top view, a mechanism for deploying and folding the wing illustrated in figure 9,
- FIG. 11 represents, schematically and in top view, different speeds of a fourth particular embodiment of a boat which is the subject of the invention, all sails deployed,
- FIG. 12 represents, schematically and in side view, a fifth particular embodiment of a boat which is the subject of the invention.
- figure 13 represents, schematically and in top view, a third particular embodiment of the wing illustrated in figure 9,
- FIG. 14 shows, schematically and in top view, different speeds of a sixth particular embodiment of a boat which is the subject of the invention, all sails deployed and
- figure 15 represents, schematically and in top view, the sail illustrated in figure 2, with sails deployed in various ways.
- the present invention aims to remedy all or part of the drawbacks of the prior art.
- the present invention aims at a biplane sail of a nautical craft comprising a deck, which comprises:
- a mast extending along an axis, mounted inclined relative to the deck of the boat, on a motorized shaft with an axis of rotation inclined relative to the deck of the boat,
- a biplane wing or one with a small angle of incidence between its two sails of the same spar has better lift and does not stall in the wind.
- the sail comprises a yard at each end of each spar, each yard extending along an axis perpendicular to the axis of the mast, each sail being flexible and mounted between two parallel yards, the yards on one side of the mast being parallel to each other.
- the axis of a yard on one side of the mast is parallel to the axis of a yard on the other side of the mast.
- the axis of a yard on one side of the mast intersects the axis of a yard on the other side of the mast.
- the sail comprises, for each flexible sail, a retaining rope between the yards surrounding the sail, this rope being positioned to windward of the yards and the motorized means for deploying and folding this sail comprises a sail furler consisting of a cylindrical tube rotating around a fixed cable, the sail being associated with the furler by a rope passing through a groove in the furler.
- the deployment of the sails can be motorized.
- the sail comprises two parallel masts jointly carrying the spars.
- At least one sail comprises a rigid upstream half-sail and a rigid downstream half-sail connected to each other by a hinge mounted between two ends of successive spars.
- the half-sails on one side of a spar have the same orientation as the half-sails on the other side of that spar.
- the half-sails on one side of a spar have a different orientation than the half-sails on the other side of that spar.
- the sail can be folded or deployed by rotating one half-sail relative to the hinge shared with the other half-sail.
- each half-sail is a parabola arc.
- the shape of the deployed sail corresponds substantially to that of a flexible sail catching the wind.
- the motorized means of deploying and folding this sail comprises a jack.
- the sail comprises a means for controlling the motorized means for deploying and folding an upstream half-sail relative to the downstream half-sail, this control means being configured to fold the half-sails on top of each other when tacking and jibing and to reverse the curvature between starboard and port tack.
- the present invention relates to a nautical vessel comprising at least one sail according to the invention.
- the watercraft comprises a sail according to the invention around a foremast and a sail according to the invention around a mizzenmast.
- inventive concepts may be implemented by one or more methods or devices described hereinafter, several examples of which are provided herein.
- the actions or steps performed in carrying out the method or device may be ordered in any appropriate manner. Accordingly, it is possible to construct embodiments in which the actions or steps are performed in a different order than that illustrated, which may include performing certain acts simultaneously, even if they are presented as sequential acts in the illustrated embodiments.
- a reference to "A and/or B", when used in conjunction with open language such as “comprising” may refer, in one embodiment, to A only (optionally including elements other than B); in another embodiment, to B only (optionally including elements other than A); in yet another embodiment, to A and B (possibly including other elements); etc.
- the expression "at least one”, in reference to a list of one or more elements, should be understood to mean at least one element selected from one or more elements in the list of elements, but not necessarily including at least one of each element specifically listed in the list of elements and not excluding any combination of elements in the list of elements.
- This definition also allows for the optional presence of elements other than the elements specifically identified in the list of elements to which the expression “at least one” refers, whether or not related to those specifically identified elements.
- “at least one of A and B” may refer, in one embodiment, to at least one, optionally including more than one, A, without B present (and optionally including elements other than B); in another embodiment, to at least one, optionally including more than one, B, without A present (and optionally including elements other than A); in yet another embodiment, at least one, optionally including more than one, A, and at least one, optionally including more than one, B (and optionally including other elements); etc.
- a sail 20 of a watercraft comprising a deck 24.
- This sail 20 comprises a mast 21 mounted inclined relative to the deck 24 of the craft, on a motorized shaft (not shown) with an axis of rotation 25 inclined relative to the deck of the craft.
- the mast and the axis of rotation 25 are vertical, but, in variants, they are oblique.
- the axis of the shaft generally corresponds to the axis of the mast 21.
- the sail 20 also comprises a plurality of spars (not shown) mounted inclined relative to the mast 21, on either side of the mast 21.
- the sail 20 comprises, on each side of the mast 21, at least one sail 22 and 23 and motorized means for deploying and folding this sail (not shown).
- furlers are positioned at the windward end of the yards, 34 and/or 36, and allow the flexible sails 32 and 33 to be deployed or folded.
- the sail furling system generally consists of a cylindrical tube rotating around a fixed rope.
- the sail is associated with the furler by a bolt rope passing through a groove in the furler.
- the 20 sail is thus a biplane, with sails 22 and 23 allowing it to capture a greater part of the wind force.
- the mast 31 carries several spars 35 inclined relative to the mast 31.
- the spars 35 extend in planes perpendicular to the mast 31, at different heights on the mast 31.
- Each end of each spar 35 carries a yard, 34 and/or 36.
- the yards, 34 and/or 36 may be parallel to each other.
- Each yard, 34 and/or 36 extends along an axis, respectively, 26 and/or 28, parallel to a plane perpendicular, not shown, to the axis 25 of the mast 31.
- Each sail is, for example, flexible and mounted between two yards, 34 and/or 36, parallel.
- the yards, 34 and/or 36, on one side of the mast 31 are parallel to each other.
- the yards 36 on one side of the mast 31 are preferentially parallel to the yards 34 on the other side of the mast 31.
- the axes 26 of the yards 34 are preferentially parallel to the axes 28 of the yards 36.
- the axes 26 of the yards 34 on one side of the mast 31 intersect the axes 28 of the yards 36 on the other side of the mast 31.
- the yards 34 on one side of the mast 31 are parallel to each other.
- the yards 36 on one side of the mast 31 have, for example, different orientations to those of the yards 34 on the other side of the mast 31.
- the orientations of the yards 91 on one side of the mast 93 may be independent of the orientations of the yards 92 on the other side of the mast, the connections between the yards and the spars being pivoting and motorized for this purpose.
- An acute salient angle, called an “incident” angle, not shown, formed by the intersecting axes 26 and/or 28 may be less than or equal to 20°.
- An acute salient angle formed, not shown, by the secant axes, 26 and/or 28, is preferably less than or equal to 10°.
- the side members are in two parts mounted on a pivot connection with an axis parallel to that of the mast and a motor varies the angle between these two parts of the side members.
- a flexible sail for example made of canvas.
- the flexible sails to the left of the mast 31 are referenced 32 and the flexible sails to the right of the mast 31 are referenced 33.
- a rope 37 connects two ends of yards, 34 and/or 36, successive on the same side of the mast 31, in front of the sail (on the left in figures 2 and 3), that is to say to the wind. This rope 37 holds the front edge of the flexible sail 32 or 33.
- Figures 2 and 3 there are shown, on each side of the mast 31, three flexible sails 32 and 33 stretched between four yards, 34 and/or 36.
- the number of sails and yards may be different in variants of this first embodiment of the sail structure which is the subject of the invention.
- the sail 30 automatically orients itself towards the wind, which has the effect of cancelling the resultants of the aerodynamic forces.
- sails, 32 and/or 33 variously deployed.
- furlers are positioned at the windward end of the yards, 34 and/or 36, and allow the flexible sails, 32 and 33, to be deployed or folded.
- a furler can further deploy or fold one sail, 32 and/or 33, relative to the other.
- the wing 30 is, for example, free to rotate around the mast 31 while retaining its biplane configuration.
- the sail 30 is free to rotate around the mast 31 while maintaining the same acute salient angle formed by the axes, 26 and/or 28, of the yards, 34 and/or 36.
- the second embodiment of the sail 40 illustrated in FIG. 4 is similar to the first embodiment, with two flexible sails on each side of the mast, except that the mast 31 is replaced by two parallel masts 38 and 39 which jointly carry the spars 35 and the yards, 34 and/or 36.
- these sails are fabric-covered and self-erasing biplanes.
- the yards are straight and the aerodynamic forces are behind the axis of rotation 25 of the mast 31 or 38 and 39.
- a mast 81 carries several spars 85 inclined relative to the mast 81.
- the spars 85 extend in planes perpendicular to the mast 81, at different heights on the mast 81.
- Each end of each spar 85 carries a rotation shaft 89 (see FIG. 10) of a rigid half-sail 83 relative to a downstream rigid half-sail 82.
- a hinge 86 and a deployment and folding means 87 connect the downstream half-sail 82 to an upstream half-sail 83. It is noted that the rotation shafts 89 (see FIG.
- the deployment and folding means 87 connecting the downstream half-sail 82 to an upstream half-sail 83 may be a jack, for example electric or hydraulic. Increasing the extension of this jack allows the deployment of the upstream half-sail 83. On the contrary, reducing the extension of the jack allows the folding of the upstream half-sail 83 onto the downstream half-sail 82.
- each half-sail, 82 and/or 83 is an arc of a parabola.
- the half-sails, 82 and 83 follow, for example, a symmetrical profile with respect to an axis of rotation of the rotation shaft 89.
- a means of controlling the means 87 for deploying and folding the upstream rigid half-sails 83 is configured to fold the half-sails 83 when tacking and jibing the craft 90 and to reverse the curvature of the deployed sail, between starboard and port tack.
- the half-sails, 82 and 83, on one side of the spar are, for example, symmetrical to the half-sails, 82 and 83, on another side of the spar relative to an axis 95, the axis 95 being the axis of symmetry of the mast 93, perpendicular to the axis 25.
- the half-sails, 82 and 83, on one side of a spar 85 have, for example, the same orientation as the half-sails, 82 and 83, on another side of this spar 85.
- Figure 13 shows a third particular embodiment of the wing illustrated in Figure 9.
- the half-sails, 82 and 83, on one side of the spar are, for example, asymmetrical to the half-sails, 82 and 83, on another side of the spar, relative to the axis 95.
- the half-sails, 82 and 83, on one side of a spar 85 have, for example, a different orientation from the half-sails, 82 and 83, on another side of this spar 85.
- FIG 12 we observe a fifth embodiment of a nautical vessel 100 equipped with a sail 80 around a foremast 81 and a sail 80 around a mizzenmast 81.
- the upstream half-sails 83 are folded. It is noted that, in strong winds, the upstream half-sails 83 can be folded, while maintaining a wind catch to move the vessel forward. On the contrary, in light winds, the upstream half-sails 83 are deployed to maximize the windward reach.
- FIG 14 we observe different appearances of a sixth particular embodiment of a nautical vessel 105 comprising the sails 80.
- the orientations of the spars 85 of the upstream mast 81 may be different from the orientations of the spars of the downstream mast 81.
- the orientations of the half-sails, 82 and/or 83, of the upstream mast 81 may be the same as the orientations of the half-sails, 82 and/or 83, of the downstream mast 81, even if the respective spars 85 of the upstream mast 81 and the downstream mast 81 have a different orientation.
- the third embodiment of the wing 80 which is the subject of the invention has the following advantages:
- the mast 81 can be replaced by two parallel masts jointly carrying the spars 85.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Ocean & Marine Engineering (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Sustainable Development (AREA)
- Sustainable Energy (AREA)
- Wind Motors (AREA)
- Toys (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| FR2302152A FR3146458A1 (fr) | 2023-03-08 | 2023-03-08 | Voilure d’embarcation nautique et embarcation nautique la comportant |
| PCT/EP2024/055977 WO2024184447A1 (fr) | 2023-03-08 | 2024-03-07 | Voilure d'embarcation nautique et embarcation nautique la comportant |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP4676829A1 true EP4676829A1 (fr) | 2026-01-14 |
Family
ID=87280359
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP24709066.5A Pending EP4676829A1 (fr) | 2023-03-08 | 2024-03-07 | Voilure d'embarcation nautique et embarcation nautique la comportant |
Country Status (8)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP4676829A1 (fr) |
| JP (1) | JP2026508433A (fr) |
| KR (1) | KR20250157524A (fr) |
| CN (1) | CN120858053A (fr) |
| AU (1) | AU2024232208A1 (fr) |
| FR (1) | FR3146458A1 (fr) |
| MX (1) | MX2025010471A (fr) |
| WO (1) | WO2024184447A1 (fr) |
Family Cites Families (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS60110098U (ja) * | 1983-12-28 | 1985-07-26 | 三菱重工業株式会社 | 帆柱装置 |
| DE3718414A1 (de) * | 1987-06-02 | 1988-12-15 | Blohm Voss Ag | Rahbesegelung fuer schiffe, insbesondere zusatzbesegelung fuer kreuzfahrtschiffe |
| CN104176222B (zh) * | 2014-09-11 | 2016-08-17 | 上海海事大学 | 一种船舶用多桅杆回转式层叠风帆 |
| GB2578085B (en) * | 2018-08-14 | 2022-04-06 | Stephen Smith Darrell | A propulsion system for a boat |
-
2023
- 2023-03-08 FR FR2302152A patent/FR3146458A1/fr active Pending
-
2024
- 2024-03-07 KR KR1020257033329A patent/KR20250157524A/ko active Pending
- 2024-03-07 WO PCT/EP2024/055977 patent/WO2024184447A1/fr not_active Ceased
- 2024-03-07 EP EP24709066.5A patent/EP4676829A1/fr active Pending
- 2024-03-07 CN CN202480017162.8A patent/CN120858053A/zh active Pending
- 2024-03-07 AU AU2024232208A patent/AU2024232208A1/en active Pending
- 2024-03-07 JP JP2025552365A patent/JP2026508433A/ja active Pending
-
2025
- 2025-09-04 MX MX2025010471A patent/MX2025010471A/es unknown
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| MX2025010471A (es) | 2025-11-03 |
| WO2024184447A1 (fr) | 2024-09-12 |
| AU2024232208A1 (en) | 2025-09-18 |
| KR20250157524A (ko) | 2025-11-04 |
| JP2026508433A (ja) | 2026-03-10 |
| FR3146458A1 (fr) | 2024-09-13 |
| CN120858053A (zh) | 2025-10-28 |
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