EP4665548A1 - Beschichtungsverfahren und zugehörige beschichtungsanlage - Google Patents
Beschichtungsverfahren und zugehörige beschichtungsanlageInfo
- Publication number
- EP4665548A1 EP4665548A1 EP24716180.5A EP24716180A EP4665548A1 EP 4665548 A1 EP4665548 A1 EP 4665548A1 EP 24716180 A EP24716180 A EP 24716180A EP 4665548 A1 EP4665548 A1 EP 4665548A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- coating
- reference path
- component
- defects
- path
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
- B05B12/00—Arrangements for controlling delivery; Arrangements for controlling the spray area
- B05B12/08—Arrangements for controlling delivery; Arrangements for controlling the spray area responsive to condition of liquid or other fluent material to be discharged, of ambient medium or of target ; responsive to condition of spray devices or of supply means, e.g. pipes, pumps or their drive means
- B05B12/12—Arrangements for controlling delivery; Arrangements for controlling the spray area responsive to condition of liquid or other fluent material to be discharged, of ambient medium or of target ; responsive to condition of spray devices or of supply means, e.g. pipes, pumps or their drive means responsive to conditions of ambient medium or target, e.g. humidity, temperature position or movement of the target relative to the spray apparatus
- B05B12/122—Arrangements for controlling delivery; Arrangements for controlling the spray area responsive to condition of liquid or other fluent material to be discharged, of ambient medium or of target ; responsive to condition of spray devices or of supply means, e.g. pipes, pumps or their drive means responsive to conditions of ambient medium or target, e.g. humidity, temperature position or movement of the target relative to the spray apparatus responsive to presence or shape of target
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
- B05B13/00—Machines or plants for applying liquids or other fluent materials to surfaces of objects or other work by spraying, not covered by groups B05B1/00 - B05B11/00
- B05B13/002—Machines or plants for applying coating liquids or other fluent materials by inkjet
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
- B05B13/00—Machines or plants for applying liquids or other fluent materials to surfaces of objects or other work by spraying, not covered by groups B05B1/00 - B05B11/00
- B05B13/02—Means for supporting work; Arrangement or mounting of spray heads; Adaptation or arrangement of means for feeding work
- B05B13/04—Means for supporting work; Arrangement or mounting of spray heads; Adaptation or arrangement of means for feeding work the spray heads being moved during spraying operation
- B05B13/0431—Means for supporting work; Arrangement or mounting of spray heads; Adaptation or arrangement of means for feeding work the spray heads being moved during spraying operation with spray heads moved by robots or articulated arms, e.g. for applying liquid or other fluent material to three-dimensional [3D] surfaces
- B05B13/0433—Means for supporting work; Arrangement or mounting of spray heads; Adaptation or arrangement of means for feeding work the spray heads being moved during spraying operation with spray heads moved by robots or articulated arms, e.g. for applying liquid or other fluent material to three-dimensional [3D] surfaces the work being vehicle components, e.g. vehicle bodies
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D5/00—Processes for applying liquids or other fluent materials to surfaces to obtain special surface effects, finishes or structures
- B05D5/005—Repairing damaged coatings
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B25—HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
- B25J—MANIPULATORS; CHAMBERS PROVIDED WITH MANIPULATION DEVICES
- B25J9/00—Program-controlled manipulators
- B25J9/16—Program controls
- B25J9/1679—Program controls characterised by the tasks executed
- B25J9/1684—Tracking a line or surface by means of sensors
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
- G05B—CONTROL OR REGULATING SYSTEMS IN GENERAL; FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS OF SUCH SYSTEMS; MONITORING OR TESTING ARRANGEMENTS FOR SUCH SYSTEMS OR ELEMENTS
- G05B2219/00—Program-control systems
- G05B2219/30—Nc systems
- G05B2219/45—Nc applications
- G05B2219/45065—Sealing, painting robot
Definitions
- the invention relates to a coating method for coating a component (e.g. motor vehicle body components) with a coating agent (e.g. paint).
- a coating agent e.g. paint
- the invention also relates to a corresponding coating system.
- paint defects are sanded off if necessary, which creates annoying sanding marks on the freshly painted component surface. In many cases, such sanding marks can be removed by polishing, resulting in a flawless overall impression.
- the vehicle body component is painted over in a subsequent process, polishing is not necessary.
- This subsequent painting process can be carried out using an overspray-free applicator or print head, for example.
- an overspray-free applicator or print head for example.
- print head includes all applicators that apply coating agents without loss (i.e. overspray-free).
- a painting robot paints a reference track on this component surface.
- the spatial course of the reference track is then recorded by an optical sensor (e.g. camera system) by measuring the longitudinal edge of the reference track.
- another paint track can be applied, which borders on the reference track and is positioned according to the previous measurement of the reference track, as is known, for example, from DE 10 2021 108 563 Al.
- the optical sensor can usually measure the reference track well. However, if the sensor looks at a grinding point in the paint layer, the sensor may no longer be able to accurately determine the course of the reference track. because the grinding point has different optical properties than the paint layer underneath. There is therefore a risk that the reference path cannot be measured precisely because of the interfering grinding points.
- the invention is therefore based on the object of solving the above-described problem of measuring the reference path when defects (e.g. grinding points) make the measurement difficult.
- defects used in the context of the invention is to be understood in general terms and is not limited to the grinding points mentioned above as examples. Defects can be defined by disturbances such as foreign particles, paint accumulations or craters or dents in the paint film. In order to remove these, they are ground manually or automatically in the further process. This creates grinding points in their place that are usually larger than the original defects.
- the term "defect” includes the term “grinding point”.
- the coating method according to the invention is generally suitable for applying a coating agent to a component.
- the applied coating agent is paint
- the coated component is preferably a motor vehicle body component.
- the invention is not limited to motor vehicle body components or paints with regard to the type of coated component and also with regard to the applied coating agent.
- the coating method according to the invention initially provides, in accordance with the prior art, that the coating agent (e.g. paint) is applied along a reference path within a coating surface to the component to be coated (e.g. motor vehicle body component).
- a reference path is also known, for example, from DE 10 2021 108 563 Al, whereby the reference path can also be referred to as a "master path" and serves as a positioning aid for subsequent parallel coating tracks (neighboring tracks) that are applied next to the reference track.
- the coating method according to the invention provides, in accordance with the prior art, that the spatial course of the reference path applied to the component is recorded.
- this recording of the spatial course of the reference path is carried out by at least one optical sensor, such as a camera system, as will be described in detail below.
- the coating method according to the invention in accordance with the prior art, also provides that the spatial course of at least one neighboring track adjacent to the reference track is determined depending on the determined spatial course of the reference track, as is also known from DE 10 2021 108 563 A1.
- the neighboring track is therefore preferably placed next to the reference track in such a way that the reference track and the neighboring track overlap to form a continuous coating layer, with no gaps and no overcoating occurring if possible.
- the individual coating tracks can be based on the original reference track in terms of their position and orientation. Alternatively, however, there is also the possibility that the first neighboring track forms a new reference track for the application of the following coating tracks, so that the neighboring track is then optically measured as the new reference track.
- the coating method according to the invention then provides, in accordance with the prior art (e.g. DE 10 2021 108 563 A1), that the coating agent is applied to the component along the adjacent track.
- the coating agent is applied to the component along the adjacent track.
- the coating process according to the invention is distinguished from the prior art in that the disturbing defects described above (e.g. grinding marks) on the component in order to avoid incorrect recording of the spatial course of the reference path, since such incorrect measurement of the spatial course of the reference path would also lead to a correspondingly incorrect determination of the spatial course of the at least one neighboring path.
- the disturbing defects described above e.g. grinding marks
- the recording of the spatial course of the reference path is particularly disturbed by defects that are located directly beneath the reference path or that border on the reference path.
- One measure can be to interpolate the spatial course of the reference path in the area of the defects along the reference path. If the exact course of the reference path cannot be measured due to defects (e.g. grinding points), this course can be interpolated accordingly.
- Another measure consists in measuring numerous measuring points along the reference path, whereby only those measuring points that lie outside the defects are taken into account.
- the reference track is not used at all to position the neighboring tracks if the exact course of the reference track cannot be measured with sufficient accuracy due to defects (e.g. grinding spots).
- another coating track can be used as the reference track.
- the coating surface e.g. a roof of a motor vehicle body
- the two partial surfaces e.g. left half of the roof and right half of the roof
- This cooperation between two coating robots is also known, for example, from DE 10 2021 108 563 Al.
- the first coating robot then normally coats the first partial area (e.g. left half of the roof) of the coating surface (e.g. roof of a motor vehicle body), while the second coating robot coats the second partial area (e.g. right half of the roof) of the coating surface (e.g. roof of the vehicle body) provided that no disturbing critical defects are detected along the reference path.
- first partial area e.g. left half of the roof
- second partial area e.g. right half of the roof
- one possible solution to the problem is to coat the second partial area (e.g. right half of the roof) of the coating area (e.g. roof of the vehicle body) by the first coating robot, so that the entire coating area (e.g. roof of the vehicle body) is coated by the first coating robot.
- the performance of the painting system is halved and the cycle time is extended accordingly, but this is still better than a complete failure of the painting system.
- the coating process should only be stopped if at least one of the following conditions is also met:
- the spatial position of the defects along the reference path is critical. For example, defects far from the reference path are less critical for the accuracy of the measurement of the reference path, whereas defects close to the reference path or below the reference path are more problematic.
- the spatial position of the defects on the component is preferably determined.
- the size of the defects is preferably also determined. In this case, it is possible to only take into account those defects that have at least a certain minimum size (ie spatial extent), for example a minimum size of at least 20 mm, 50 mm or 100 mm.
- a paint layer is therefore preferably first applied to the component, with the paint defects in the applied paint layer then being determined.
- the paint defects can then be ground down, which creates the grinding marks mentioned above, which then hinder the measurement of the spatial course of the reference path.
- the spatial position of the grinding points on the component can be determined directly. It may then no longer be necessary to subsequently measure the spatial position of the grinding points optically. Instead, the spatial position of the grinding points on the component can then be saved so that the saved spatial positions of the grinding points can simply be read out to determine the spatial position of the defects along the reference path.
- the position of the grinding points can also be read from a higher-level, automatic defect inspection or detection system, whereby in a special variant of the invention, defects in the paint layer are ground by a robot-guided grinding system so that the size and position of the grinding points are known very precisely.
- an image processing system with an optical sensor e.g. camera
- an optical sensor e.g. camera
- the optical sensor e.g. camera
- the optical sensor is attached to one of the coating robots and is moved by the coating robot over the component.
- the optical sensor (e.g. camera) is arranged in a fixed position and is directed towards the coating surface.
- the stationary optical sensor can be part of a higher-level surface inspection or defect detection system that is already present.
- the reference track is preferably applied by a first coating robot, while the at least one neighboring track is preferably applied by a second coating robot.
- the optical sensor can be attached to the first coating robot and/or to the second coating robot and can be moved by it over the surface of the component to be coated.
- the optical sensor can be moved along a measuring path over the surface of the component to be coated to detect the spatial course of the reference path.
- the measuring path can run next to the reference path and essentially parallel to the reference path.
- an overspray-free applicator or print head as the application device, which does not apply a spatially extended and poorly selectable spray jet, but rather a narrowly defined and selectable coating agent jet.
- the problem with using such an overspray-free print head is the fact that the positioning of the adjacent web relative to the reference web must be much more precise in order to avoid overcoating and undercoating.
- the invention is therefore particularly advantageous when using such an overspray-free print head because disruptive positioning errors are avoided, which are caused by incorrect measurement of the spatial course of the reference web.
- the invention also claims protection for a corresponding coating system.
- the coating system according to the invention has, firstly, in accordance with the state of the art Technology (e.g. DE 10 2021 108 563 Al) a first coating robot to apply the coating agent (e.g. paint) along the reference path within a coating area (e.g. roof of a motor vehicle body) to the component (e.g. motor vehicle body).
- a coating agent e.g. paint
- the coating system according to the invention also has, in accordance with the prior art (e.g. DE 10 2021 108 563 A1), at least one optical sensor (e.g. camera) to record the spatial course of the reference path applied to the component.
- at least one optical sensor e.g. camera
- the first coating robot applies the reference path and the optical sensor is attached to the second coating robot and records the spatial course of the reference path.
- the coating system according to the invention also has a control device for querying the optical sensor and determining the spatial course of a neighboring track adjacent to the reference track as a function of the determined spatial course of the reference track.
- the control device preferably contains a program memory with a control program stored therein. Furthermore, the control device preferably contains a processor for executing the stored control program, wherein the control program, when executed, carries out the coating method according to the invention by controlling or querying the corresponding components of the coating system.
- the coating system according to the invention in accordance with the prior art (e.g. DE 10 2021 108 563 A1), also has a second coating robot (e.g. painting robot) for applying the coating agent to the component along the neighboring track adjacent to the reference track within the coating area on the component.
- a second coating robot e.g. painting robot
- the control device is designed in such a way that it uses the optical sensor to determine defects on the component in order to avoid incorrect detection of the spatial course of the reference path and a correspondingly incorrect determination of the spatial course of the neighboring path.
- the control device can then carry out the steps described above for the coating method according to the invention, so that reference can be made to the above description.
- Other required developments of the invention are characterized in the subclaims or are explained in more detail below together with the description of the preferred embodiment of the invention with reference to the figures.
- Figure 1 shows a schematic representation of a painting system according to the invention for painting a motor vehicle body component with two cooperating painting robots.
- Figure 2 shows the painting system according to Figure 1, with a measuring track also shown along which the spatial course of the reference track is measured.
- Figure 3 shows the production from Figures 1 and 1, with numerous parallel coating lines applied to the component surface.
- Figure 4 shows a flow chart to illustrate the coating process according to the invention.
- Figure 5 shows a diagram explaining the various possible countermeasures when detecting defects along the reference path.
- Figure 6 shows a schematic representation of a painting system according to the invention with various stations.
- Figure 7 shows a modification of Figure 6.
- Figure 1 shows a highly simplified schematic representation of a painting system according to the invention for carrying out the painting method according to the invention.
- the painting system has two painting robots 1, 2, which can cooperate with each other to jointly paint a coating surface 3, as is known, for example, from DE 10 2021 108 563 Al.
- the coating surface 3 can be, for example, a roof surface of a motor vehicle body, to give just one example.
- the coating surface 3 is divided into two sub-surfaces 4, 5 that adjoin one another, the first sub-surface 4 being painted by the painting robot 1, while the other sub-surface 5 is painted by the painting robot 2.
- the first sub-surface 4 can be the left half of the roof of the motor vehicle body, while the second sub-surface 5 is the right half of the roof of the motor vehicle body.
- the painting system has a control device 6 which controls the two painting robots 1, 2 and also queries a camera 7 which is guided by the painting robot 2 over the coating surface 3, as will be described in detail below.
- the drawing shows several defects 8-13, which are grinding marks resulting from a previous repair of paint defects on a paint layer on the coating surface 3.
- the defects 8-13 may impair the subsequent application of coating agent webs to the coating surface 3, as described below.
- the painting robot 1 first applies a reference path 14 ("master path") to the coating surface 3, specifically at the boundary between the two partial surfaces 4, 5.
- the spatial course of the reference path 14 is then measured by the camera 7, which is guided by the painting robot 2 over the coating surface 3.
- the measurement of the spatial course of the reference path 14 by the camera 7 can be impaired by the defects 8-13.
- the defects 8-10 are relatively uncritical defects because they are not directly on the reference path 14 or on the later measuring path.
- the defects 11-13 are critical for the measurement of the spatial course of the reference path 14 by the camera 7 because the reflection behavior of the surface in the area of the critical defects 11-13 is changed, so that the camera 7 cannot determine the lateral edge of the reference path 14 precisely.
- Figure 5 shows various problem-solving measures for this case, which will be described in more detail later.
- FIG 2 shows the representation from Figure 1 with an additional measuring track 15 next to the actual Reference path 14.
- the painting robot 2 moves the camera 7 along the measuring path 15 so that the spatial course of the reference band 14 can be measured.
- Figure 3 shows the representation from Figures 1 and 1, wherein the coating surface 3 is continuously coated with numerous parallel paint tracks 16-27 that run alongside the reference track 14.
- the paint tracks 16-21 are applied by the first painting robot 1, while the paint tracks H-l are applied by the painting robot 2.
- the paint strips 16-27 then form, together with the previously applied reference strip 14, a continuous paint layer on the coating surface 3.
- an automatic surface inspection is carried out using an optical system (e.g. strip light projector, camera).
- an optical system e.g. strip light projector, camera.
- a step S2 the defects are recorded with regard to their number, size and position.
- This data is then transferred to a station control of the painting system in step S3.
- the size of the grinding points is calculated depending on whether the defects are sanded manually or by a robot. For the sake of simplicity, the term defects is also used for grinding points below.
- a step S4 it is then decided whether the defects should be taken into account.
- step S5 the procedure continues in step S5 according to the state of the art, i.e. no problem-solving measures are taken to compensate for a possibly incorrect measurement of the spatial course of the reference path.
- step S6 the procedure according to the invention is carried out, which has already been described above and is explained again below with reference to Figure 5.
- the control device then controls the two painting robots and in a step S8 the print head is also controlled accordingly.
- Figure 5 now shows possible problem-solving measures when critical defects along the reference path are determined in a step S1.
- a first possibility is to interpolate the spatial course of the reference path in the area of the defects in step S2.
- step S3 Another way of solving the problem in step S3 is to define a different coating path as a reference path that is not affected by defects.
- the reference path actually intended is then discarded as an orientation aid. Instead, a different coating path is then applied and used as an orientation aid.
- step S4 Another possibility in step S4 is that the entire painting area is painted with the same painting robot. This halves the performance of the painting system, which leads to a correspondingly longer cycle time. However, this is still better than a complete failure of the painting system.
- step S5 Another possibility for solving the problem in step S5 is to carry out the painting in a manual painting area (e.g. repair area).
- a manual painting area e.g. repair area
- Figure 6 first shows a topcoat line 28 for applying a topcoat, wherein the topcoat line 28 has a basecoat station 29, an intermediate dryer 30, a cooling zone 31, a clearcoat station 32 and a dryer 33.
- the vehicle bodies to be painted are then conveyed from the topcoat line 28 to an overspray-free painting zone 34, in which a print head is used as an application device.
- the overspray-free painting zone 34 (so-called OFLA zone) contains a decorative paint station 35, a dryer 36 and a cooling zone 37.
- the above-described method according to the invention is then carried out in the overspray-free painting zone 34.
- This is advantageous because the application devices used there Print heads emit a narrowly defined and sharply defined coating agent jet and therefore have only a small positioning tolerance.
- Figure 7 shows a modification of Figure 6, so that in order to avoid repetition, reference is made to the above description, the same reference numerals being used for corresponding details.
- overspray-free painting zone 34 additionally contains an intermediate dryer 38 and a clear coat station 39.
- a significant advantage of the invention is that a high painting quality can be maintained even in the case of defects (e.g. sanding marks).
- the production flow can be maintained even if there are defects, for example by having a painting robot also paint the surface area that should actually be painted by another painting robot.
- precise measurement of the reference path is only essential when painting robots are working together.
- Coating surface e.g. roof of a motor vehicle body
- First partial area e.g. left half of the roof
- Second partial area (e.g. right half of the roof)
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Robotics (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Application Of Or Painting With Fluid Materials (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE102023111130.2A DE102023111130A1 (de) | 2023-04-28 | 2023-04-28 | Beschichtungsverfahren und zugehörige Beschichtungsanlage |
| PCT/EP2024/058824 WO2024223230A1 (de) | 2023-04-28 | 2024-04-01 | Beschichtungsverfahren und zugehörige beschichtungsanlage |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP4665548A1 true EP4665548A1 (de) | 2025-12-24 |
Family
ID=90717643
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP24716180.5A Pending EP4665548A1 (de) | 2023-04-28 | 2024-04-01 | Beschichtungsverfahren und zugehörige beschichtungsanlage |
Country Status (4)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP4665548A1 (de) |
| CN (1) | CN120882538A (de) |
| DE (1) | DE102023111130A1 (de) |
| WO (1) | WO2024223230A1 (de) |
Family Cites Families (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| SE0300983D0 (sv) * | 2003-04-04 | 2003-04-04 | Mevein Holding Ag | Metod och anordning för informationsöverföring vid beläggningsarbeten |
| DE102009036838B4 (de) * | 2009-08-10 | 2014-12-11 | Dürr Systems GmbH | Verfahren zum Glätten einer Oberfläche eines Bauteils, insbesondere von Großstrukturen |
| FR3048368A1 (fr) * | 2016-03-04 | 2017-09-08 | Exel Ind | Applicateur de produit de revetement, robot multiaxes comprenant un tel applicateur et procede d'application d'un produit de revetement |
| DE102017005170A1 (de) * | 2017-05-31 | 2017-11-16 | Daimler Ag | Automatisierte Oberflächenprüfung von Automobilbauteilen |
| CA3133863A1 (en) * | 2019-05-27 | 2020-12-03 | Rud. Starcke Gmbh & Co. Kg | Method for coordinating an identification and the processing of a defect of a workpiece and device for carrying out the method |
| DE102021108563A1 (de) | 2021-04-07 | 2022-10-13 | Dürr Systems Ag | Bahnkorrekturverfahren für eine Beschichtungsanlage |
| DE102021206386A1 (de) * | 2021-06-22 | 2022-12-22 | Thyssenkrupp Ag | Prüfung einer Oberfläche eines Karosseriebauteils auf Verunreinigung |
-
2023
- 2023-04-28 DE DE102023111130.2A patent/DE102023111130A1/de active Pending
-
2024
- 2024-04-01 EP EP24716180.5A patent/EP4665548A1/de active Pending
- 2024-04-01 WO PCT/EP2024/058824 patent/WO2024223230A1/de not_active Ceased
- 2024-04-01 CN CN202480019088.3A patent/CN120882538A/zh active Pending
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN120882538A (zh) | 2025-10-31 |
| WO2024223230A1 (de) | 2024-10-31 |
| DE102023111130A1 (de) | 2024-10-31 |
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