EP4630681A1 - Verfahren zur herstellung einer laufschaufel - Google Patents
Verfahren zur herstellung einer laufschaufelInfo
- Publication number
- EP4630681A1 EP4630681A1 EP23805922.4A EP23805922A EP4630681A1 EP 4630681 A1 EP4630681 A1 EP 4630681A1 EP 23805922 A EP23805922 A EP 23805922A EP 4630681 A1 EP4630681 A1 EP 4630681A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- rotor blade
- bronze
- producing
- hydraulic machine
- outer edge
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03B—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS
- F03B3/00—Machines or engines of reaction type; Parts or details peculiar thereto
- F03B3/04—Machines or engines of reaction type; Parts or details peculiar thereto with substantially axial flow throughout rotors, e.g. propeller turbines
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03B—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS
- F03B3/00—Machines or engines of reaction type; Parts or details peculiar thereto
- F03B3/04—Machines or engines of reaction type; Parts or details peculiar thereto with substantially axial flow throughout rotors, e.g. propeller turbines
- F03B3/06—Machines or engines of reaction type; Parts or details peculiar thereto with substantially axial flow throughout rotors, e.g. propeller turbines with adjustable blades, e.g. Kaplan turbines
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03B—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS
- F03B3/00—Machines or engines of reaction type; Parts or details peculiar thereto
- F03B3/12—Blades; Blade-carrying rotors
- F03B3/121—Blades, their form or construction
- F03B3/123—Blades, their form or construction specially designed as adjustable blades, e.g. for Kaplan-type turbines
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
- F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
- F05B2230/00—Manufacture
- F05B2230/30—Manufacture with deposition of material
- F05B2230/31—Layer deposition
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
- F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
- F05B2230/00—Manufacture
- F05B2230/90—Coating; Surface treatment
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
- F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
- F05B2240/00—Components
- F05B2240/20—Rotors
- F05B2240/30—Characteristics of rotor blades, i.e. of any element transforming dynamic fluid energy to or from rotational energy and being attached to a rotor
- F05B2240/307—Blade tip, e.g. winglets
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
- F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
- F05B2280/00—Materials; Properties thereof
- F05B2280/10—Inorganic materials, e.g. metals
- F05B2280/1072—Copper alloys
- F05B2280/10721—Bronze
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
- F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
- F05B2280/00—Materials; Properties thereof
- F05B2280/10—Inorganic materials, e.g. metals
- F05B2280/1073—Aluminium alloy, e.g. AlCuMgPb
Definitions
- the invention relates to a method for producing a rotor blade for a hydraulic machine with an axially flowing impeller.
- this also includes so-called semi-axial machines, i.e. machines with impellers that are flowed diagonally, so that the flow direction has an axial and a radial component.
- Hydraulic machines with axially flowing impellers are used in hydroelectric power plants. These can be turbines or pump turbines. Impellers with pivoting impeller blades are usually called Kaplan impellers. Impellers with fixed impeller blades are usually called propeller impellers.
- Axial flow impellers rotate in a pipe section with a cylindrical (propeller) or spherical (Kaplan) inner contour.
- the inner contour of this pipe section has the shape of a cone with a concave surface line (propeller) or the shape of a hemisphere (Kaplan).
- This pipe section is referred to below as the discharge ring.
- a hydraulic machine with an axial flow impeller is disclosed, for example, in patent specification CH 310 028 B.
- the object of the invention is to provide a method for producing a rotor blade for a hydraulic machine with an axially flowing impeller, whereby the Wear is reduced when the outer edges of the blades come into contact with the impeller ring.
- the bronze is preferably aluminum bronze.
- Fig.3 Axial flow impeller in a view along the axis of rotation
- FIG.4 Detail of a rotor blade produced with a first variant of the method according to the invention
- FIG.5 Detail of a rotor blade produced with a second variant of the method according to the invention;
- FIG 1 shows a hydraulic machine with an axial flow impeller of the Kaplan type in a schematic representation.
- the impeller comprises a plurality of blades, of which only one is shown and designated 1.
- the blades 1 are connected to a hub designated 6.
- the mechanism for pivoting the blades 1 is arranged in the hub, which is only indicated in Figure 1.
- the impeller rotates in an impeller ring designated 2. Between the impeller ring 2 and the outer edges of the blades 1 there is a gap, which is highlighted with a dashed circle designated A. So that the blades 1 can be pivoted, the inner contour of the impeller ring 2 has the shape of part of a sphere.
- FIG. 2 shows a hydraulic machine with an axial flow impeller of the propeller type in a schematic representation.
- the differences to a hydraulic machine with a Kaplan impeller are that the impeller blades 1 are fixed, i.e. not pivotably attached to the hub 6, and that the inner contour of the impeller ring 2 is cylindrical.
- FIG. 3 shows an axial flow impeller in a view along the axis of rotation in a highly schematic representation.
- This can be a Kaplan or a propeller impeller. Only one of the impeller blades is shown.
- the direction of rotation of the impeller is indicated by the arrow.
- the leading edge of the impeller blade is arranged and marked 4.
- the trailing edge of the impeller blade is arranged and marked 5.
- the impeller blade is thicker in the area of the leading edge 4 than in the area of the trailing edge 5.
- the impeller blade tapers off thinly. This also applies for many hydraulic machines with reversible direction of rotation, and in this case serves to define the leading and trailing edges.
- Hydraulic machines with reversible direction of rotation which have symmetrical rotor blades are also known.
- the outer edge of the rotor blade is designated 3 in Figure 3 and is located on the outside of the rotor blade in the radial direction.
- the dashed circle indicates the inner contour of the impeller ring.
- the extent of the outer edge 3 is defined by the gap between the rotor blade and the impeller ring.
- the outer edge 3 extends over the area in which the gap has its minimum width.
- the extent of the outer edge 3 is indicated by the two dashed lines.
- the lateral edges, i.e. the leading and trailing edges, begin at these lines.
- the homogeneity of the gap width in the area of the outer edge 3 is ensured (within the scope of the manufacturing tolerances) by the fact that the final machining of the outer edges is carried out by turning.
- Figure 4 shows a section through a rotor blade produced using the method according to the invention in the region of the outer edge 3.
- the rotor blade comprises a base body, which is designated with 11.
- the material of the base body 11 is steel.
- a layer of bronze, which is designated with 9, is sprayed onto the base body 11.
- the outer edge 3 is formed by the bronze layer 9.
- the entire outer edge 3 is formed by the sprayed-on bronze layer 9. This means that the bronze layer 9 extends along the entire outer edge 3 of the rotor blade.
- the bronze layer 9 extends only along part of the outer edge 3 of the rotor blade.
- the part of the outer edge 3 that is formed by bronze extends to the trailing edge 5 of the rotor blade.
- the inventor has recognized that during a load shedding, the rotor blade 1 deforms more in the area of the thin trailing edge 5 than in the area of the thicker leading edge 4, so that the undesirable contact only occurs in the area of the trailing edge 5. It is therefore sufficient if this area is made of bronze. This area can be determined by deformation calculations.
- Figures 5a and 5b show rotor blades in the area of the outer edge, which were produced using further variants of the method according to the invention.
- the pressure side of the rotor blade is designated with 7 and the suction side of the rotor blade with 8.
- the base body has a web, which is designated with 10 and runs along the pressure side 7.
- One side of the web 10 forms part of the pressure side 7.
- an additional web 10 is arranged along the suction side 8.
- the bronze layer is arranged to the side of the web 10 or between the webs 10. In each case, the bronze layer runs along the webs and protrudes in the radial direction beyond the end of the web(s), so that the outer edge is formed by bronze.
- the function of the webs 10 is that the interface between the base body and the bronze layer is protected from stress by the webs. This stress acts primarily on the pressure side of the rotor blade, so that in many cases protection of this side is sufficient.
- the base body with the webs 10 is provided.
- Figure 6 shows the states of a rotor blade after the individual steps of the manufacturing process according to the invention in a further variant.
- the upper part of Figure 6 shows the base body 11 before the bronze is sprayed on.
- the base body has a groove in the area of the later outer edge, which is designated 12.
- the groove 12 runs along the center line of the rotor blade.
- the lower part of Figure 6 shows the rotor blade with sprayed-on bronze.
- the bronze is only applied to the raised surfaces of the base body 11, i.e. not in the area of the groove 12. In this case, the outer surface formed by bronze is divided into two separate areas by the groove 12.
- the function of the groove 12 is that the outer edge divided by the groove 12 together with the inner contour of the impeller ring forms a type of labyrinth seal.
- Figure 7 shows the states of a rotor blade after the individual steps of the manufacturing process according to the invention in a further variant.
- the end result is very similar to the end result of the process according to Figure 6.
- the upper part shows the base body provided, which has no groove.
- the middle part shows the state with the bronze layer applied, which also has no groove.
- the groove is then milled, which penetrates the bronze layer and extends into the base body.
- Figure 8 shows the states of a rotor blade after the individual steps of the manufacturing process according to the invention in a further variant.
- the sequence of steps is identical to the sequence of steps according to the variant according to Figure 7 with the only difference that the milled groove does not penetrate the bronze layer. This means that the groove runs completely in the bronze layer.
- the bronze layer can only be applied to a part of the outer edge adjacent to the rear edge.
- the groove can also continue into the part of the outer edge without a bronze layer.
- one or two webs can be provided in all variants to protect the boundary layer between steel and bronze.
- Impeller ring 3 Outer edge of the impeller blade
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Structures Of Non-Positive Displacement Pumps (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE102022132483.4A DE102022132483B3 (de) | 2022-12-07 | 2022-12-07 | Verfahren zur Herstellung einer Laufschaufel |
| PCT/EP2023/081404 WO2024120742A1 (de) | 2022-12-07 | 2023-11-10 | Verfahren zur herstellung einer laufschaufel |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP4630681A1 true EP4630681A1 (de) | 2025-10-15 |
| EP4630681B1 EP4630681B1 (de) | 2026-02-18 |
Family
ID=88833535
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP23805922.4A Active EP4630681B1 (de) | 2022-12-07 | 2023-11-10 | Verfahren zur herstellung einer laufschaufel |
Country Status (3)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP4630681B1 (de) |
| DE (1) | DE102022132483B3 (de) |
| WO (1) | WO2024120742A1 (de) |
Family Cites Families (12)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US1694481A (en) * | 1926-07-12 | 1928-12-11 | Moody Lewis Ferry | Propeller-type turbine or pump |
| AT112932B (de) * | 1927-06-04 | 1929-04-25 | Leobersdorfer Maschinenfabriks | Wasserturbine oder Kreiselpumpe mit kranzlosem Laufrad. |
| US2045918A (en) * | 1933-12-29 | 1936-06-30 | Baldwin Southwark Corp | Cavitation control means for blade periphery |
| US2059650A (en) * | 1934-08-23 | 1936-11-03 | Allis Chalmers Mfg Co | Hydraulic turbine |
| CH310028A (de) | 1953-03-13 | 1955-09-30 | Escher Wyss Ag | Aus Kaplanturbine und Generator bestehender hydroelektrischer Maschinensatz. |
| JPS59115475A (ja) * | 1982-12-21 | 1984-07-03 | Fuji Electric Co Ltd | 可動羽根水車 |
| US5954474A (en) * | 1996-03-28 | 1999-09-21 | Voith Hydro, Inc. | Hydro-turbine runner |
| DE102004055199B4 (de) * | 2004-11-16 | 2009-10-22 | Daimler Ag | Herstellungsverfahren für Gleitschichten aus Verbundmaterial |
| DE102005060712A1 (de) * | 2005-12-20 | 2007-06-21 | Mtu Aero Engines Gmbh | Verfahren zum Herstellen einer Schaufelspitzenpanzerung |
| FR3007471A1 (fr) * | 2013-06-21 | 2014-12-26 | Alstom Renewable Technologies | Machine hydraulique, dispositif auto-ajustable et installation de conversion d'energie hydraulique |
| DE102014218167B4 (de) * | 2014-09-11 | 2018-09-27 | MTU Aero Engines AG | Verfahren zur Schaufelspitzenpanzerung |
| DE102021132256A1 (de) * | 2021-05-27 | 2022-12-01 | MTU Aero Engines AG | Verfahren zum beschichten eines bauteils |
-
2022
- 2022-12-07 DE DE102022132483.4A patent/DE102022132483B3/de active Active
-
2023
- 2023-11-10 EP EP23805922.4A patent/EP4630681B1/de active Active
- 2023-11-10 WO PCT/EP2023/081404 patent/WO2024120742A1/de not_active Ceased
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| EP4630681B1 (de) | 2026-02-18 |
| WO2024120742A1 (de) | 2024-06-13 |
| DE102022132483B3 (de) | 2024-02-29 |
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