EP4599201A1 - Pompe a chaleur reversible a co2 et procede de fonctonnement - Google Patents
Pompe a chaleur reversible a co2 et procede de fonctonnementInfo
- Publication number
- EP4599201A1 EP4599201A1 EP23762531.4A EP23762531A EP4599201A1 EP 4599201 A1 EP4599201 A1 EP 4599201A1 EP 23762531 A EP23762531 A EP 23762531A EP 4599201 A1 EP4599201 A1 EP 4599201A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- heat pump
- hot
- operating mode
- compressor
- fluid
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B9/00—Compression machines, plants or systems, in which the refrigerant is air or other gas of low boiling point
- F25B9/002—Compression machines, plants or systems, in which the refrigerant is air or other gas of low boiling point characterised by the refrigerant
- F25B9/008—Compression machines, plants or systems, in which the refrigerant is air or other gas of low boiling point characterised by the refrigerant the refrigerant being carbon dioxide
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B40/00—Subcoolers, desuperheaters or superheaters
- F25B40/02—Subcoolers
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B41/00—Fluid-circulation arrangements
- F25B41/20—Disposition of valves, e.g. of on-off valves or flow control valves
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B47/00—Arrangements for preventing or removing deposits or corrosion, not provided for in another subclass
- F25B47/02—Defrosting cycles
- F25B47/022—Defrosting cycles hot gas defrosting
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B5/00—Compression machines, plants or systems, with several evaporator circuits, e.g. for varying refrigerating capacity
- F25B5/02—Compression machines, plants or systems, with several evaporator circuits, e.g. for varying refrigerating capacity arranged in parallel
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B5/00—Compression machines, plants or systems, with several evaporator circuits, e.g. for varying refrigerating capacity
- F25B5/04—Compression machines, plants or systems, with several evaporator circuits, e.g. for varying refrigerating capacity arranged in series
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B6/00—Compression machines, plants or systems, with several condenser circuits
- F25B6/02—Compression machines, plants or systems, with several condenser circuits arranged in parallel
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B6/00—Compression machines, plants or systems, with several condenser circuits
- F25B6/04—Compression machines, plants or systems, with several condenser circuits arranged in series
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B2339/00—Details of evaporators; Details of condensers
- F25B2339/04—Details of condensers
- F25B2339/047—Water-cooled condensers
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B2400/00—Component parts or details not otherwise provided for in this subclass
- F25B2400/13—Economisers
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B2400/00—Component parts or details not otherwise provided for in this subclass
- F25B2400/23—Separators
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B25/00—Machines, plants or systems, using a combination of modes of operation covered by two or more of the groups F25B1/00 - F25B23/00
- F25B25/005—Machines, plants or systems, using a combination of modes of operation covered by two or more of the groups F25B1/00 - F25B23/00 using primary and secondary systems
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a reversible heat pump, in which the refrigerant is CO2. It further relates to a method of operating such a pump. PRIOR ART There are several types of heat pumps.
- - air/air heat pumps for which thermal energy is transferred from the air constituting a first medium, to the air constituting a second medium
- - air/water heat pumps for which thermal energy is transferred from the air constituting one medium, to the water, constituting another medium
- water/air heat pumps for which thermal energy is transferred from water constituting one medium, to air constituting another medium
- – water/water heat pumps for which thermal energy is transferred from water constituting one medium to water constituting another medium.
- CO2 is a natural fluid, which has the particularity of no longer condense above a temperature of 33°C.
- This fluid operates at pressures much higher than those of fluids used in conventional systems.
- the so-called working pressures are between 10 and 100 bars, whereas, with regard to the fluids used in conventional systems, these pressures are between 0 and 33 bars.
- the heat produced by the refrigeration system is recovered to heat premises, such as offices, the sales area, premises of work. However, there is still cold production.
- a problem which the invention proposes to solve is to produce a heat pump in which the refrigerant is CO2, as well as a method of operating such a pump. to heat.
- the solution of the invention advantageously proposes, in response to this problem, the original implementation of a combined hot/cold battery formed by a gas cooler (or "gas cooler” in English), which forms the hot part of the battery, and an air evaporator, which forms the cold part of this battery.
- the fluid comes from the CO2/water exchanger, which means that the resilience of the materials is not affected.
- the proposed solution of the invention to this problem posed has as its first object a reversible heat pump, in which the refrigerant is CO2, the reversible heat pump comprising a hot water distribution circuit provided with a hot exchanger , a chilled water distribution circuit equipped with a cold exchanger, a CO2 tank in the gaseous and/or liquid state, a compressor and one or more combined blocks, each block combined comprising a gas cooler and an air evaporator, the heat pump having a plurality of operating modes, an air conditioning only operating mode in which the heat pump produces chilled water, a heating operating mode only in which the heat pump produces hot water, and a heating and defrost operating mode, in which a hot gas coming from the hot exchanger is used for defrosting.
- the refrigerant is CO2
- the reversible heat pump comprising a hot water distribution circuit provided with a hot exchanger , a chilled water distribution circuit equipped with a cold exchanger, a CO2 tank in the gaseous and/or liquid state
- the second object of the solution of the invention is a method of operating a heat pump in which the refrigerant is CO2, according to which a reversible heat pump is provided comprising a hot water distribution circuit provided with a hot exchanger, a chilled water distribution circuit equipped with a cold exchanger, a CO2 tank in the gaseous and/or liquid state, a compressor and one or more combined blocks (5-1, 5-2) , each combined block comprising a gas cooler (6) and an air evaporator (7), the heat pump operating in a plurality of operating modes, a cooling only operating mode (figure 2) in which the heat pump produces chilled water, a heating only operating mode (figure 4) in which the heat pump produces hot water, and a heating and defrost operating mode (figure 5), in which a hot gas coming from the hot exchanger (9) is used for defrosting.
- a reversible heat pump comprising a hot water distribution circuit provided with a hot exchanger, a chilled water distribution circuit equipped with a cold exchanger
- Figure 1 illustrates a heat pump according to the invention
- Figure 2 illustrates the heat pump according to the invention, in the air conditioning operating mode only
- Figure 3 illustrates the heat pump according to the invention, in the air conditioning operating mode with heat recovery
- Figure 4 illustrates the heat pump according to the invention, in the heating only operating mode
- Figure 5 illustrates the heat pump according to the invention, in the heating and defrosting operating mode.
- the heat pump according to the invention comprises a hot water distribution circuit 1, a chilled water distribution circuit 2, a CO2 fluid tank 3, a compressor 4 and one or more combined blocks 5-1 , 5-2 also called battery, each combined block comprising a gas cooler 6 and an air evaporator 7.
- the hot water distribution circuit 1 includes a water inlet pipe, a pump 8 for pumping water in this pipe, a hot exchanger 9 and a hot water distribution pipe.
- the chilled water distribution circuit 2 comprises a water inlet pipe, a pump 8 for pumping water into this pipe, a cold exchanger 11 and a chilled water distribution pipe.
- the gas coolers 6 are themselves connected to the tank 3 by a fluid admission pipe in said tank, on which a pump and an expansion valve 14 are arranged.
- the tank 3 is finally connected to the compressor 4 by a fluid intake pipe into said compressor, provided with an expansion valve 15.
- the compressor 4 is connected to the coolers gas through a pipe on which two three-way valves 16, 17 are arranged.
- the first three-way valve 16 is a valve which receives the compressed fluid from the compressor 4 and directs it, depending on the case, towards the hot exchanger 9 or towards the second three-way valve 17.
- the liquid CO2 fluid located in the lower part of the tank 3 is sent to the regulator 12 for expansion and production of cold by circuit 2.
- the gas located in the upper part of the tank 3 is sucked in by the compressor 4, after expansion by the valve 15 so that the pressure is lowered from 56 bars to 35 bars.
- the condensation pressure is lower than 72 bars (temperature of 31°C)
- the CO2 is condensed in the gas cooler 6.
- This operating mode is called subcritical.
- the heat pump operates in air conditioning mode with heat recovery. This operating mode is identical to the air conditioning only operating mode. However, in the air conditioning operating mode with heat recovery, the following operations are implemented in addition to the operations implemented in the air conditioning mode only.
- frost forms on the evaporator batteries 7.
- Frost is an insulator, which harms the operation of the system. This is the reason why defrosting is carried out cyclically.
- the hot gas three-way valve 16 is then open, as well as the gas cooler valve 6 corresponding to the evaporator. 7 to defrost.
- the injection of hot gas into the gas cooler 6 makes it possible, by conduction, to melt the ice.
- the fans are stopped. When the coil is completely defrosted, the fans are turned back on to dry it. Subsequently, the evaporator 7 is powered again and then put back into service.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Other Air-Conditioning Systems (AREA)
- Air Conditioning Control Device (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| FR2210241A FR3140671B1 (fr) | 2022-10-06 | 2022-10-06 | Pompe a chaleur reversible a co2 et procede de fonctonnement |
| PCT/EP2023/074067 WO2024074253A1 (fr) | 2022-10-06 | 2023-09-01 | Pompe a chaleur reversible a co2 et procede de fonctonnement |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP4599201A1 true EP4599201A1 (fr) | 2025-08-13 |
Family
ID=85122230
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP23762531.4A Withdrawn EP4599201A1 (fr) | 2022-10-06 | 2023-09-01 | Pompe a chaleur reversible a co2 et procede de fonctonnement |
Country Status (3)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP4599201A1 (fr) |
| FR (1) | FR3140671B1 (fr) |
| WO (1) | WO2024074253A1 (fr) |
Family Cites Families (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CA2642179A1 (fr) * | 2004-05-12 | 2009-04-22 | Electro Industries, Inc. | Systeme de thermopompe |
| JP2006052934A (ja) * | 2004-07-12 | 2006-02-23 | Sanyo Electric Co Ltd | 熱交換装置および冷凍装置 |
| JP5851771B2 (ja) * | 2011-08-31 | 2016-02-03 | 三菱重工業株式会社 | 超臨界サイクルおよびそれを用いたヒートポンプ給湯機 |
-
2022
- 2022-10-06 FR FR2210241A patent/FR3140671B1/fr active Active
-
2023
- 2023-09-01 EP EP23762531.4A patent/EP4599201A1/fr not_active Withdrawn
- 2023-09-01 WO PCT/EP2023/074067 patent/WO2024074253A1/fr not_active Ceased
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| FR3140671B1 (fr) | 2024-11-08 |
| WO2024074253A1 (fr) | 2024-04-11 |
| FR3140671A1 (fr) | 2024-04-12 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
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| STAA | Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent |
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| 18D | Application deemed to be withdrawn |
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