EP4573232A2 - Alimentation en électricité et en chaleur de bâtiments et/ou d'installations industrielles - Google Patents

Alimentation en électricité et en chaleur de bâtiments et/ou d'installations industrielles

Info

Publication number
EP4573232A2
EP4573232A2 EP23761783.2A EP23761783A EP4573232A2 EP 4573232 A2 EP4573232 A2 EP 4573232A2 EP 23761783 A EP23761783 A EP 23761783A EP 4573232 A2 EP4573232 A2 EP 4573232A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
electricity
heat
methanol
building
electrolyzer
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
EP23761783.2A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Wolfgang PFLUG
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Groschopp AG Drives and More
Original Assignee
Groschopp AG Drives and More
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Groschopp AG Drives and More filed Critical Groschopp AG Drives and More
Publication of EP4573232A2 publication Critical patent/EP4573232A2/fr
Pending legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25B—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25B1/00—Electrolytic production of inorganic compounds or non-metals
    • C25B1/01—Products
    • C25B1/02—Hydrogen or oxygen
    • C25B1/04—Hydrogen or oxygen by electrolysis of water
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07C29/00—Preparation of compounds having hydroxy or O-metal groups bound to a carbon atom not belonging to a six-membered aromatic ring
    • C07C29/15—Preparation of compounds having hydroxy or O-metal groups bound to a carbon atom not belonging to a six-membered aromatic ring by reduction of oxides of carbon exclusively
    • C07C29/151—Preparation of compounds having hydroxy or O-metal groups bound to a carbon atom not belonging to a six-membered aromatic ring by reduction of oxides of carbon exclusively with hydrogen or hydrogen-containing gases
    • C07C29/1516—Multisteps
    • C07C29/1518—Multisteps one step being the formation of initial mixture of carbon oxides and hydrogen for synthesis
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25B—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25B15/00—Operating or servicing cells
    • C25B15/08—Supplying or removing reactants or electrolytes; Regeneration of electrolytes
    • C25B15/081—Supplying products to non-electrochemical reactors that are combined with the electrochemical cell, e.g. Sabatier reactor
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M16/00—Structural combinations of different types of electrochemical generators
    • H01M16/003—Structural combinations of different types of electrochemical generators of fuel cells with other electrochemical devices, e.g. capacitors, electrolysers
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/10—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes
    • H01M8/1016—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes characterised by the electrolyte material
    • H01M8/1018—Polymeric electrolyte materials
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02S—GENERATION OF ELECTRIC POWER BY CONVERSION OF INFRARED RADIATION, VISIBLE LIGHT OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT, e.g. USING PHOTOVOLTAIC [PV] MODULES
    • H02S10/00—PV power plants; Combinations of PV energy systems with other systems for the generation of electric power
    • H02S10/20—Systems characterised by their energy storage means
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M2250/00—Fuel cells for particular applications; Specific features of fuel cell system
    • H01M2250/10—Fuel cells in stationary systems, e.g. emergency power source in plant

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for supplying power and heat to at least one building and/or at least one industrial plant.
  • the invention further relates to a system for supplying electricity and heat to at least one building and/or at least one industrial system for carrying out the method mentioned.
  • Buildings intended for either commercial and/or private use , as well as industrial facilities, are regularly supplied with electricity and heat as required .
  • electricity and heat were mostly generated by burning fossil fuels.
  • electricity in particular is generated from renewable sources.
  • the renewable electricity can be generated centrally or decentrally via photovoltaic systems on the roof of the building and/or the industrial facility.
  • the electricity generated from renewable sources can also be used to provide heat for the building or industrial facility using heat pumps, although for economic reasons the temperature level of the heat is rather low.
  • storage devices for temporarily storing energy are essential.
  • such storage devices are quite expensive, particularly for storing large amounts of energy. This applies in particular to appropriately sized battery storage systems.
  • This object is achieved according to claim 1 by a method for supplying electricity and heat to at least one building and / or at least one industrial plant, - in which electricity is generated by means of sunlight via at least one photovoltaic system , - in which by means of the electricity generated in the photovoltaic system water is split into molecular hydrogen and oxygen in an electrolyzer, - in which methanol is produced in a synthesizer using the molecular hydrogen and carbon dioxide, - in which the methanol produced is temporarily stored in a methanol tank, - in which the temporarily stored methanol is stored in a Electricity and heat generator is oxidized with the release of electricity and heat and - in which the at least one building and / or the at least one industrial plant is supplied with electricity and heat generated in the electricity and heat generator .
  • Carbon dioxide is also supplied to the synthesizer in order to produce methanol (CH3OH) from the carbon dioxide and the molecular hydrogen, roughly according to the following system of equations: H2 + CO2 -> CO + H2O 2 H2 + CO -> CH3OH
  • the synthesis of the methanol in the synthesizer can take place in several process steps .
  • the carbon dioxide is catalytically converted into water and carbon monoxide using molecular hydrogen.
  • the carbon monoxide can in turn be catalytically converted into methanol with molecular hydrogen, which is also referred to as synthesis gas when a mixture of carbon monoxide and hydrogen is used . This is preferably done under increased pressure and increased temperature.
  • the methanol is then typically condensed so that the methanol can simply be temporarily stored and/or used in the electricity and heat generator K J/nb 220573WO 1 August 8, 2023 can be.
  • the electricity and heat generator is also one that can be used to generate both electricity and heat.
  • the methanol obtained in this way is temporarily stored in a methanol tank and, as required, passed on from the methanol tank to an electricity and heat generator, in which the methanol is oxidized to release electricity and heat.
  • the electricity and heat generated can then be used to supply the at least one building and/or the at least one industrial facility.
  • the supply will be particularly heat-driven. So much methanol is oxidized to provide the required heat.
  • a photovoltaic system that can capture sunlight and convert it into electricity.
  • the electricity thus generated can then be delivered via an electrical line to an electrolyzer, which is connected to a water source to supply water to the electrolyzer for splitting into molecular hydrogen and molecular oxygen.
  • the molecular hydrogen can be fed to the synthesizer via a line between the electrolyzer and a synthesizer.
  • the molecular hydrogen can also be temporarily stored in a hydrogen storage in order to be able to operate the synthesizer efficiently and supply it with hydrogen.
  • methanol can be produced from the molecular hydrogen using additional carbon dioxide.
  • the synthesizer may be provided with a carbon dioxide supply, which in turn may be connected to a carbon dioxide source.
  • the synthesizer is also connected to a methanol line with a methanol tank in which the methanol produced can be temporarily stored until it is needed to supply the at least one building and/or the K J/nb 220573WO 1 August 8, 2023 at least one industrial system with electricity and/or heat is required.
  • the methanol tank is connected via the methanol line to a power and heat generator in which the methanol can be oxidized. Heat and electricity are released so that the electricity and heat can be delivered to the building and/or the industrial system to supply electricity and heat to the at least one building and/or the at least one industrial system .
  • the building and/or the industrial facility can be connected to the power and heat generator with an electrical line and a line for a heat transfer medium .
  • the previously described method and the previously described system have the advantage that at times when the sun shines intensively, sufficient electricity can be produced to power the at least one building and/or the at least one industrial plant even at times when the The sun is not shining or is covered by clouds to provide sufficient electricity and heat.
  • the electricity generated is then sufficient to produce and store such large quantities of methanol that a power and heat supply to the building and/or the industrial facility can be ensured regardless of when electricity can be generated with the photovoltaic system. Even seasonal differences in the generation of electricity from sunlight can be compensated for by temporarily storing sufficient amounts of methanol.
  • self-sufficient operation of the at least one building and/or the at least one industrial facility can be ensured, preferably all year round. If the building and/or the industrial facility provides sufficient space for setting up a photovoltaic system, for example on the roof of the building and/or the industrial facility and/or on other areas, an additional supply of electricity and heat may be unnecessary.
  • the system can then even deliver electricity and/or heat to supply other external users, for example into a power grid and/or a local or district heating network. It is K J/nb 220573WO 1 August 8, 2023 Alternatively or additionally, it is also conceivable that in summer months when there is no demand for heat from the building and/or the industrial facility, the electricity requirement, especially during the day, can be more or less completely covered by the photovoltaic system.
  • the power and heat generator can then not be operated for economic reasons. However, in the event of generating sufficient amounts of excess electricity , the electrolyzer and synthesizer may be operated to produce and store methanol for periods of lower solar radiation and/or higher electricity and/or heat demand .
  • the system and the method can be operated economically, particularly for larger buildings or many smaller buildings and/or for a large industrial system or many smaller industrial systems. This applies in particular if the at least one building and/or the at least one industrial facility has a high demand for electricity and/or heat.
  • at least part of the current electricity requirement of the at least one building and/or the at least one industrial system is covered by the electricity currently generated by the photovoltaic system. This is particularly efficient. If no heat is needed, the power and heat generator does not need to be operated. When heat is required, the power and heat generator only needs to operate at a level to provide the required amount of heat .
  • the electricity generated by the electricity and heat generator is not sufficient to cover the electricity requirements of the at least one building and/or the at least one industrial system, this can advantageously be covered, if possible, by the electricity generated by the photovoltaic system.
  • the at least one building and/or the at least one industrial system is therefore preferably electrically connected to both the power and heat generator and to the photovoltaic system. However , if at a certain point in time the photovoltaic system does not provide enough electricity to meet the additional electricity requirements of the building and/or the industrial system.
  • the power and heat generator can oxidize methanol to provide a sufficient amount of power, even if the amount of heat generated cannot be used or released by the building, industrial facility and/or elsewhere .
  • the system not only takes into account the electricity requirement, but the system can also be used to at least partially cover the heat requirement of the at least one building and/or the at least one industrial system. With regard to self-sufficient operation, it can be particularly preferred if the heat requirement is completely covered by the electricity and heat generator.
  • FIG. 1 shows the system according to the invention and the method according to the invention for supplying electricity and heat to a building and / or an industrial system in a schematic flow diagram representation
  • Fig. 2 shows an additional detail of the system and the method from Fig. 1 in one s schematic flow diagram representation.
  • K J/nb 220573WO 1 August 8, 2023 1 shows a system 1 and a method for supplying electricity and heat to a building G and/or an industrial system A.
  • a photovoltaic system PV is installed on the roof 2 of the building G or the industrial system A to be supplied with electricity and heat , which produces electricity 4 when there is sufficient solar radiation 3 .
  • This electricity 4 can be delivered directly to the building 2 and/or the industrial facility for power supply .
  • the current 4 can also be used at least partially to operate an electrolyzer E. With the help of the current 4 generated in this way, a synthesizer S can alternatively or additionally be supplied with current 4, even if this is not shown in detail for the sake of clarity.
  • water (H2O) is supplied to the electrolyzer E, which is split into molecular hydrogen (H2) and molecular oxygen (O2) in the electrolyzer E.
  • the molecular hydrogen (H2) can be temporarily stored, but is preferably delivered more or less directly to the synthesizer S, to which carbon dioxide (CO2) is also supplied.
  • Methanol (CH3OH) and water (H2O) are formed from the hydrogen (H2) and carbon dioxide (CO2) in the synthesizer S , whereby the methanol (CH3OH) can in turn be oxidized in a power and heat generator V, i.e. burned if necessary .
  • electricity 4 and, on the other hand, heat Q are generated in the electricity and heat generator V. If necessary, the heat Q and the electricity 4 can be used to supply the building G and/or the industrial facility A.
  • this excess electricity 4 can be delivered to the electrolyzer E and/or the synthesizer S to produce 4 molecular hydrogen (H2) and/or methanol (CH3OH) with the excess electricity.
  • the molecular oxygen (O2) produced in the electrolyzer E in addition to the molecular hydrogen (H2) can either be released into the environment or, K J/nb 220573WO 1 August 8, 2023 as shown, are delivered to the electricity and heat generator V for oxidation to increase efficiency .
  • the electricity and heat generator V then does not need to be supplied with ambient air with a high proportion of inert nitrogen (N2).
  • the carbon dioxide (CO2) released during oxidation in the supply V can be passed into the synthesizer S.
  • the exhaust gas 5 of the electricity and heat generator V can be processed beforehand in order to clean the exhaust gas 5 or to at least partially separate the carbon dioxide (CO2) from other components of the exhaust gas 5 , so that the concentration of carbon dioxide (CO2) in the processed exhaust gas 5 can be increased.
  • the exhaust gas 5 of the electricity and heat generator V is suitable as a source of carbon dioxide in that the concentration of carbon dioxide (CO2) in the exhaust gas 5 will in many cases be significantly higher than in the ambient air, in which the concentration of carbon dioxide (CO2) is very high is low.
  • the water (H2O) produced in the electricity and heat generator V and/or the synthesizer S is, if necessary, returned to the electrolyzer E in order to be split again into molecular hydrogen (H2) and molecular oxygen (O2).
  • a combined heat and power plant (CHP) is provided as the electricity and heat generator V.
  • the electrolyzer E can be a PEM electrolyzer E with polymer exchange membranes. Further details of the method and the system 1 are shown in FIG. 2, which have not been taken into account in FIG. 1 for the sake of clarity. These details are particularly concerned with a temporal decoupling of individual process steps and system parts. It is also about the water supply for the process and the system 1.
  • the water (H2O) falling on the roof 2 of the building G and/or the industrial system A as rainwater can be collected and stored in a (rain) water tank 6 , before the rainwater (H2O) is used in the electrolyzer E.
  • the (rain) water tank 6 can also be made of K J/nb 220573WO 1 August 8, 2023 formed in the electricity and heat generator V and/or in the synthesizer S Water (H2O) is fed.
  • the production of methanol (CH3OH) is independent of current rainfall amounts, so that methanol (CH3OH) can be produced in times when a lot of electricity is produced by the PV photovoltaic system 4. However, it typically does not rain at the same time during these times.
  • the collected rainwater is not sufficient to cover the water requirements of system 1, well water, surface water, fresh water and/or tap water can also be supplied.
  • the molecular oxygen (O2) generated in the electrolyzer E can also initially be stored in an oxygen storage 7 until the oxygen (O2) is required for oxidation in the power and heat generator V.
  • the supply of building G and/or industrial plant A can therefore be decoupled from the production of methanol (CH3OH).
  • CH3OH methanol
  • the heat and/or electricity requirements of building G and/or industrial facility A will not be present at the same time as there is strong solar radiation 3 on the photovoltaic system PV.
  • the oxidation of methanol can produce exhaust gas 5 rich in carbon dioxide without the photovoltaic system PV producing any significant electricity 4 at the same time.
  • the carbon dioxide (CO2) can then be stored in a carbon dioxide storage 8 until significant amounts of molecular hydrogen (H2) are formed via the electrolyzer E , which are then converted into methanol (CH3OH) together with the stored carbon dioxide (CO2). can.
  • the methanol (CH3OH) is also temporarily stored in a methanol tank 9 because there is a high demand for heat in the winter months and only a small amount of electricity 4 is generated via the photovoltaic system PV.
  • Methanol (CH3OH) produced in the summer months can then be oxidized to supply electricity and heat to building G and/or industrial plant A in order to meet the needs of building G and/or industrial plant A for electricity 4 and heat Q in the to be able to cover the winter months.
  • K J/nb 220573WO 1 August 8, 2023 List of reference symbols 1 system 2 roof 3 solar radiation 4 electricity 5 exhaust gas 6 control water tank 7 oxygen storage 8 carbon dioxide storage 9 methanol tank A industrial system E electrolyzer G building PV photovoltaic system Q heat S synthesizer V electricity and heat generator K J/nb 220573WO 1 August 8, 2023

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Electrolytic Production Of Non-Metals, Compounds, Apparatuses Therefor (AREA)
  • Supply And Distribution Of Alternating Current (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un procédé pour alimenter en électricité et en chaleur au moins un bâtiment (G) et/ou au moins une installation industrielle (A). Ce procédé consiste à générer de l'électricité (4) au moyen de lumière solaire par l'intermédiaire d'au moins une installation photovoltaïque (PV), à utiliser l'électricité (4) produite dans l'installation photovoltaïque (PV) dans un électrolyseur (E) pour décomposer de l'eau en hydrogène (H2) et en oxygène (O2) moléculaires, à générer du méthanol (CH3OH) dans un dispositif de synthèse (S) au moyen de l'hydrogène (H2) et de l'oxygène (O2) moléculaires, à stocker de manière intermédiaire le méthanol (CH3OH) généré dans un réservoir à méthanol (9), à oxyder ce méthanol (CH3OH) stocké de manière intermédiaire dans un générateur d'électricité et de chaleur (V) avec émission d'électricité (4) et de chaleur (Q), et à alimenter le ou les bâtiments (G) et/ou l'installation industrielle ou les installations industrielles (A) au moyen de l'électricité (4) et de la chaleur (Q) générées dans le générateur d'électricité et de chaleur (V), de manière à atteindre une alimentation aussi autonome que possible, en particulier toute l'année, de grands bâtiments et/ou d'installations industrielles de manière économique.
EP23761783.2A 2022-08-18 2023-08-18 Alimentation en électricité et en chaleur de bâtiments et/ou d'installations industrielles Pending EP4573232A2 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102022120903.2A DE102022120903A1 (de) 2022-08-18 2022-08-18 Strom- und Wärmeversorgung von Gebäuden und/oder industriellen Anlagen
PCT/EP2023/072870 WO2024038206A2 (fr) 2022-08-18 2023-08-18 Alimentation en électricité et en chaleur de bâtiments et/ou d'installations industrielles

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP4573232A2 true EP4573232A2 (fr) 2025-06-25

Family

ID=87848093

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP23761783.2A Pending EP4573232A2 (fr) 2022-08-18 2023-08-18 Alimentation en électricité et en chaleur de bâtiments et/ou d'installations industrielles

Country Status (4)

Country Link
EP (1) EP4573232A2 (fr)
CN (1) CN119816623A (fr)
DE (1) DE102022120903A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2024038206A2 (fr)

Family Cites Families (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102005046746A1 (de) * 2005-09-29 2007-04-12 Siemens Ag Verfahren zur Bereitstellung von Energie
EP2233843A1 (fr) * 2009-03-23 2010-09-29 OPAi-NL B.V. Installation pour la génération de chaleur et/ou d'électricité dans des immeubles
ES2553082T3 (es) * 2011-08-29 2015-12-04 Karl-Hermann Busse Sistema de suministro de potencia, en particular para el sector de la tecnología de edificios
DE102015118736B4 (de) * 2015-11-02 2021-10-07 Fachhochschule Stralsund Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Energieversorgung und Luftkonditionierung und stationäre oder mobile Anwendung hierzu
CN114784861B (zh) * 2022-04-26 2025-05-02 哈尔滨工业大学（深圳） 一种海上可再生能源用于海岛水电暖供给的系统及方法

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
WO2024038206A2 (fr) 2024-02-22
WO2024038206A3 (fr) 2024-05-16
CN119816623A (zh) 2025-04-11
DE102022120903A1 (de) 2024-02-29

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