EP4562114A1 - Composition renouvelable de carburéacteur à teneur élevée en composés naphténiques et procédé de préparation associé - Google Patents
Composition renouvelable de carburéacteur à teneur élevée en composés naphténiques et procédé de préparation associéInfo
- Publication number
- EP4562114A1 EP4562114A1 EP23751268.6A EP23751268A EP4562114A1 EP 4562114 A1 EP4562114 A1 EP 4562114A1 EP 23751268 A EP23751268 A EP 23751268A EP 4562114 A1 EP4562114 A1 EP 4562114A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- base
- mass
- volume
- aromatic
- jet fuel
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G OR C10K; LIQUIFIED PETROLEUM GAS; USE OF ADDITIVES TO FUELS OR FIRES; FIRE-LIGHTERS
- C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
- C10L1/04—Liquid carbonaceous fuels essentially based on blends of hydrocarbons
- C10L1/06—Liquid carbonaceous fuels essentially based on blends of hydrocarbons for spark ignition
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
- C10G3/00—Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures from oxygen-containing organic materials, e.g. fatty oils, fatty acids
- C10G3/50—Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures from oxygen-containing organic materials, e.g. fatty oils, fatty acids in the presence of hydrogen, hydrogen donors or hydrogen generating compounds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
- C10G2/00—Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures of undefined composition from oxides of carbon
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
- C10G45/00—Refining of hydrocarbon oils using hydrogen or hydrogen-generating compounds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
- C10G65/00—Treatment of hydrocarbon oils by two or more hydrotreatment processes only
- C10G65/14—Treatment of hydrocarbon oils by two or more hydrotreatment processes only plural parallel stages only
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
- C10G2300/00—Aspects relating to hydrocarbon processing covered by groups C10G1/00 - C10G99/00
- C10G2300/10—Feedstock materials
- C10G2300/1011—Biomass
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
- C10G2300/00—Aspects relating to hydrocarbon processing covered by groups C10G1/00 - C10G99/00
- C10G2300/10—Feedstock materials
- C10G2300/1022—Fischer-Tropsch products
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
- C10G2400/00—Products obtained by processes covered by groups C10G9/00 - C10G69/14
- C10G2400/08—Jet fuel
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G OR C10K; LIQUIFIED PETROLEUM GAS; USE OF ADDITIVES TO FUELS OR FIRES; FIRE-LIGHTERS
- C10L2200/00—Components of fuel compositions
- C10L2200/04—Organic compounds
- C10L2200/0461—Fractions defined by their origin
- C10L2200/0469—Renewables or materials of biological origin
- C10L2200/0476—Biodiesel, i.e. defined lower alkyl esters of fatty acids first generation biodiesel
Definitions
- the present invention relates to the field of jet fuels and in particular to jet fuel derived from renewable feedstocks with a high content of naphthenic compounds.
- Conventional jet fuel is produced from crude oil and contains a complex mixture of hydrocarbons that typically have 6 to 18 carbon atoms. These hydrocarbons include linear and branched alkanes, cycloalkanes and aromatic hydrocarbons. Due to the petroleum-based feedstock and production processes, conventional jet fuel, also called jet fuel, typically contains up to 25% by volume of aromatic hydrocarbons, more specifically typically 10% to 25% by volume. volume of aromatic hydrocarbons. A significant proportion, usually of the order of less than 5% of aromatic hydrocarbons, are polycyclic (i.e. they contain two or more aromatic rings) and generally of the naphthalene type. Such compounds are harmful to health (e.g. carcinogenic) and have poor combustion properties.
- renewable fuels derived from biological matter are an alternative to conventional fossil fuels.
- Conventional jets can be mixed with paraffinic bases from renewable feedstocks as provided for by standard D7566-21, thus allowing the production of alternative aviation fuels.
- the bases for aviation fuel from renewable feedstocks that can be incorporated into fossil fuels are:
- SPK paraffinic kerosenes
- processes such as the Fischer-Tropsch process, the hydrotreatment of esters and fatty acids [HEFA-SPK] or produced by the Alcohol-to-jet route (transformation of alcohol into kerosene) [ATJ-SPK]
- SPK paraffinic kerosenes
- renewable fuels are introduced mixed with fossil fuels, but it will quickly be necessary to use pure renewable fuels, without mixing them with fossil fuels. It is therefore necessary to develop renewable fuel formulations that meet current specifications and/or are compatible with current and future aircraft.
- US Patent 8,629,310 describes a production process for converting oxygenated feedstocks derived from biomass into various fuels, including gas range hydrocarbons, jet fuels and diesel fuels.
- the compositions obtained comprise more than 50% by mass of naphthenic compounds.
- Application WO 2021/237030 describes a kerosene composition produced from crude oil and shale oil, and comprising a substantial quantity of aromatic compounds of between 4 and 10% by mass.
- Application US 2019/0002778 describes a kerosene composition produced by mixing an a) aviation fuel component and a b) diesel fuel component of renewable origin.
- Application US 2009/0253947 describes a production process, in particular an integrated production process, of a fuel mixture from a component rich in paraffins and a component rich in cyclic compounds, each of the components being generated from a renewable raw material.
- US Patent 10,087,374 describes a process for converting triacylglycerides into crude oil precursors and/or distilled hydrocarbon fuels.
- compositions makes it possible to optimize their combustion quality while preserving, or even improving, their properties, such as their compatibility with materials, in particular with seals, their density, their lubricating power, their viscosity and/or their autoignition temperature.
- the invention relates to a jet fuel composition derived from renewable feedstocks comprising, relative to the total volume of the composition: a. from 50 to 90% by volume of at least one paraffinic base resulting from a hydrotreatment of esters and fatty acids, from a Fischer-Tropsch process or from a process for the production of jet fuel from alcohols, and comprising at least 90% by mass of paraffins relative to the total mass of the paraffinic base, b.
- Such a composition comprising in particular from 10 to 50% by volume of at least one C8-C16 naphthenic base, makes it possible to resolve the aforementioned technical problems. It presents an improved combustion quality compared to existing jet fuel compositions, while preserving or even improving at least one of their properties chosen from their compatibility with the materials, in particular with the seals, their density, their lubricating power and/or their autoignition temperature.
- the composition comprises a quantity less than or equal to 15% by volume, preferably less than 8% by volume, preferably less than or equal to 5% by volume of aromatic compounds, relative to the total volume of the composition.
- the naphthenic base comprises aromatic compounds and naphthenic compounds, and has a mass ratio between the naphthenic compounds and the aromatic compounds greater than or equal to 1, preferably greater than or equal to 2, preferably greater than or equal to 5.
- the composition further comprises from 1 to 18% by volume, preferably from 1 to 10% by volume, relative to the total volume of the composition, of at least one C8-C16 aromatic base, said aromatic base corresponding to the C8-C16 fraction of a biofuel produced by a process for converting at least one C1 -C6 bioalcohol into fuel and characterized in that said aromatic base contains at least 60% by mass of aromatic compounds, said compounds aromatics including least 50% by mass of benzene substituted by at least m methyl, m being an integer from 1 to 3, and optionally n C2-C5 alkyl, n being an integer from 1 to 3.
- the biofuel comprises at least 90% by volume of C4-C40 compounds, preferably C4-C20 compounds, relative to the total volume of the biofuel.
- the invention also relates to a first process for producing a jet fuel composition derived from renewable feedstocks, comprising at least the following steps: a) the production of at least one paraffinic base from a hydrotreatment of esters and fatty acids, a Fischer-Tropsch process or a process for producing jet fuel from alcohols (called jet alcohols), said paraffinic base comprising at least 90% by mass of paraffins, b) the production of at least one C8-C16 naphthenic base comprising at least the following steps: i) the production of a biofuel by a process for converting at least one C1-C6 bioalcohol into fuel, ii) the hydrogenation of the biofuel obtained at the end of step i) and obtaining a hydrogenated biofuel, iii) the recovery of said C8-C16 naphthenic base by fractionation of said hydrogenated biofuel obtained in step ii), and c) the mixing 50% to 90% by volume of the at least one paraffinic base produced in step a) with 10 to
- the invention also relates to a second process for producing a jet fuel composition derived from renewable feedstocks, comprising at least the following steps: a) the production of at least one paraffinic base from a hydrotreatment of esters and fatty acids, a Fischer-Tropsch process or a process for producing jet fuel from alcohols (called jet alcohols), said paraffinic base comprising at least 90% by mass of paraffins, b) the production of 'a biofuel by a process of converting at least one C1 -C6 bioalcohol into fuel, c) i) mixing 50% to 90% by volume of the at least one paraffinic base produced in step a) with 10 to 50% by volume of the biofuel produced in step b), c) ii) hydrogenating the mixture obtained in step c) i) to obtain a hydrogenated mixture, and c) iii) fractionating the hydrogenated mixture and obtaining a jet fuel composition comprising a paraffinic base and a naphthenic base.
- the production of the biofuel, the hydrogenation of the mixture and the fractionation of the hydrogenated mixture are as defined for the first process.
- the invention also relates to a third method for producing a jet fuel composition derived from renewable feedstocks, comprising at least the following steps: a) the production of at least one paraffinic base from a hydrotreatment of esters and d fatty acids, a Fischer-Tropsch process or a process for producing jet fuel from alcohols (called jet alcohols), said paraffinic base comprising at least 90% by mass of paraffins, b) the production of 'a biofuel by a process for converting at least one C1 -C6 bioalcohol into fuel, c) i) the hydrogenation of the biofuel obtained in step b) to obtain a hydrogenated biofuel c) ii) the mixture of 50 % to 90% by volume of the at least one paraffinic base produced in step a) with 10 to 50% by volume of the hydrogenated biofuel produced in step c) i), c) iii) the fractionation of the mixture obtained in step c) ii) and obtaining a jet fuel composition comprising a par
- the production of the biofuel, the hydrogenation of the biofuel and the fractionation of the mixture are as defined for the first process.
- the hydrogenation is total.
- the hydrogenation is partial.
- the at least one paraffinic base resulting from step a) is produced from one or more oils chosen from vegetable oils, animal fats, preferably highly saturated oils. No edible, used oils, by-products of the refining of vegetable oils or animal oil(s) containing free fatty acids, tall oils, and oils produced by bacteria, yeasts, algae, prokaryotes or eukaryotes .
- the methods according to the invention further comprise:
- step d) of producing at least one C8-C16 aromatic base comprising at least the following steps: i) producing a biofuel by a process for converting at least one C1-C6 bioalcohol into fuel , ii) recovering said C8-C16 aromatic base by fractionation of said biofuel obtained in step i), said C8-C16 aromatic base comprising at least 60% by mass of aromatic compounds, said aromatic compounds comprising at least 50 % by mass, preferably at least 80% by mass, of benzene substituted with at least m methyls, m being an integer from 1 to 3, and optionally n C2-C5 alkyl, n being an integer from 1 to 3, and
- steps a), b), c), and optionally d) and e) when present are carried out in separate processes.
- % by weight and % by mass have an equivalent meaning and refer to the proportion of the mass of a product compared to 100g of a composition comprising it.
- % by volume refers to the proportion of the volume of a product compared to 100 L of a composition comprising it.
- naphthenic compounds C8-C16 cycloalkanes or polycycloalkanes, optionally substituted by C1-C5 alkyls.
- Paraffinic base means a synthetic paraffinic fuel produced from raw material of non-petroleum origin.
- Said synthetic paraffinic fuel is advantageously a renewable synthetic paraffinic kerosene (SPK) resulting from a hydrotreatment of esters and fatty acids (SPK-HEFA) or resulting from a Fischer Tropsch process (SPK-FT) or resulting from a process for converting alcohol into isoparaffinic kerosene (SPK-ATJ).
- SPK renewable synthetic paraffinic kerosene
- SPK-HEFA hydrotreatment of esters and fatty acids
- SPK-FT Fischer Tropsch process
- SPK-ATJ a process for converting alcohol into isoparaffinic kerosene
- the synthetic paraffinic fuel of the present invention is thus a renewable fuel obtained exclusively from compounds of non-fossil origin.
- SPK-HEFA renewable paraffinic synthetic fuel can be produced from oil(s) of natural origin by a process of hydrogenation and deoxygenation of fatty acid esters and free fatty acids and subsequent processing of the product comprising hydrocracking, or hydroisomerization, or isomerization, or a combination of these steps, and may include other conventional refining processes.
- SPK-HEFA renewable paraffinic synthetic fuel is produced from the hydrotreatment of esters and fatty acids from an oil of natural origin. It is preferably compatible with the ASTM D7566:21 Annex 2 specification.
- oil of natural origin is defined as an oil of biomass origin and containing no mineral oil.
- oil(s) of natural origin refers indifferently to oils, fats and their mixtures.
- Said oil(s) of natural origin may contain one or more oils chosen from vegetable oils, animal fats, preferably highly saturated inedible oils, used oils, by-products of the refining of vegetable oil(s). s) or animal oil(s) containing free fatty acids, tall oils and oils produced by bacteria, yeasts, algae, prokaryotes or eukaryotes.
- Suitable vegetable oils are, for example, palm oil, palm kernel oil, soybean oil, rapeseed oil (rapeseed or canola), sunflower oil, linseed oil, bran oil, rice oil, corn oil, olive oil, castor oil, sesame oil, pine oil, peanut oil, mustard oil, carinata oil, hemp oil, coconut oil, babasu oil, cottonseed oil, linola oil, jatropha oil.
- Animal fats include tallow, lard, grease (yellow and brown fat), fish oil/fat, butterfat, milk fat.
- By-products of vegetable or animal oil refining are by-products containing free fatty acids which are removed from crude fats and oils by neutralization or vacuum or steam distillation.
- a typical example is PFAD (Palm Fatty Acid Distillate).
- Used oils include used cooking oils (used cooking oils) and oils recovered from waste water, such as such as waste fats/oils, gutter oils, sewage oils, for example from water treatment plants, and used greases from the food industry.
- Tall oils including crude tall oil, distilled tall oil (DTO) and tall oil fatty acids (TOFA), preferably DTO and TOFA, can also be used in the present invention.
- Tall oil, or otherwise called tall oil is a liquid by-product of the Kraft wood processing process, making it possible to isolate wood pulp useful for the paper industry.
- Tall oil is mainly obtained when conifers are used in the Kraft process. After treatment of wood chips with sodium sulfide in aqueous solution, the isolated tall oil is alkaline. The latter is then acidified with sulfuric acid to produce crude tall oil.
- the oil(s) of natural origin used in the present invention also include oils produced by microorganisms, either natural microorganisms or genetically modified microorganisms, such as bacteria, yeasts, algae, prokaryotes or eukaryotes. In particular, such oils can be recovered by well-known mechanical or chemical extraction methods.
- the SPK-FT renewable paraffinic synthetic fuel comes from a Fischer-Tropsch process and can be produced from solid biomass. It is preferably compatible with the ASTM D7566:21 Annex 1 specification.
- the thermochemical conversion of biomass also called BtL (Biomass to Liquid) includes the following steps: conditioning of the biomass (preparation, crushing, roasting), gasification of the biomass (obtaining a synthesis gas), purification of synthesis gas, Fisher-Tropsch synthesis to transform the gas into synthetic biofuel.
- the synthetic paraffin fuel may have been subjected to an isomerization and/or distillation step before its incorporation into the composition of the invention, in order to eliminate the heaviest linear paraffins which do not would not allow the cold properties of the jet to be respected, in particular the disappearance point of the crystals which must be lower than -47°C for Jet A1.
- the lightest compounds can also be separated by distillation, in order to respect, in particular, the properties of volatility and flash point of jet A1.
- the renewable paraffinic synthetic fuel may have one or more of the following characteristics:
- - a cycloparaffin content of less than 10% by mass, - a freezing point lower than -30°C, preferably lower than -40°C, for example lower than -47°C,
- SPK-ATJ renewable synthetic paraffinic fuel can conform to ASTM specification D7566:21 Annex 5 but can also be produced from any alcohol of 1 to 6 carbon atoms.
- SPK-ATJ renewable fuel is obtained by dehydrating alcohols to produce olefins, then oligomerizing the olefins to obtain unsaturated hydrocarbon molecules in the boiling temperature range of SAF. These unsaturated hydrocarbon molecules are then hydrogenated to produce the paraffinic base.
- the paraffinic base preferably complies with the ASTM D7566:21 specification.
- the second and third processes according to the invention can be implemented whether or not the paraffinic base complies with the ASTM D7566:21 specification.
- the C8-C16 naphthenic base is produced by hydrogenation of a biofuel obtained by a process of converting at least one C1-C6 bioalcohol into fuel, followed by fractionation of the hydrogenated biofuel.
- the production of the biofuel can be carried out by conversion of at least one C1 -C6 bioalcohol, in a catalytic process.
- the catalytic process can be carried out on a bed of aluminosilicate, preferably of the zeolite type.
- C1 -C6 bioalcohol mainly contains alcohols such as methanol, ethanol, propanols (n-propanol, i-propanol), butanols (n-butanol, i-butanol), pentanols (n-pentanols, i pentanol) and hexanols.
- the C1 -C6 bioalcohol preferably contains more than 80% by mass of C1 to C6 alcohols, preferably more than 90% by mass of C1 to C6 alcohols.
- the C1 -C6 bioalcohol can be:
- Biomass may include wood fuels from natural forests and woodlands (e.g. sawdust), agricultural residues (e.g. rice husks, straw manure), energy crops that are grown exclusively for energy production (e.g. corn and oil palm), urban waste (e.g. wood waste, rice, straw manure), energy crops that are grown exclusively for the production of energy (e.g. corn and oil palm), urban waste (e.g. municipal solid waste and sewage) and waste-derived biomass fuel (e.g. wood pellets).
- Methanol of renewable origin can in particular be obtained by conversion of a synthetic gas rich in CO/H2, this synthetic gas coming from biomass.
- Biomass can for example be gasified to produce a synthetic gas (or “syngas” in English) rich in CO/H2, this synthetic gas then being converted into methanol in the presence of a catalyst.
- a method of this type is for example described in the document WO2018134853A1.
- a synthetic gas suitable for subsequent conversion into methanol can also be obtained by partial oxidation in the presence of dioxygen of a biogas containing methane and CO2, this biogas resulting for example from the anaerobic digestion of biomass in the presence of one or more microorganisms.
- a process of this type is for example described in document W02019060988A1.
- the sugars are composed of chains of 6 or 5 carbons, such as glucose, sucrose (glucose and fructose dimer), xylose and arabinose.
- This substrate can for example include, or come directly from agri-food plants, sugar cane, sugar beet, sugar sorghum, or by depolymerization of starch from corn, wheat, barley, rye, sorghum, triticale, potato, sweet potato, cassava, and/or cellulose and hemicellulose of lignocellulosic biomass.
- the sugar-rich substrate can also be derived from lignocellullosic biomass by a treatment comprising (i) a step of separating the lignin, cellulose and hemicellulose contained in the lignocellullosic biomass, followed (ii) by a step of conversion of cellulose and/or hemicellulose into sugars.
- a treatment comprising (i) a step of separating the lignin, cellulose and hemicellulose contained in the lignocellullosic biomass, followed (ii) by a step of conversion of cellulose and/or hemicellulose into sugars.
- Obtaining this type of substrate from lignocellulosic biomass is well known to those skilled in the art.
- the sugar-rich substrate is then subjected to fermentation, for example using microorganisms.
- Ethanol can also be produced by anaerobic fermentation of a gas comprising CO.
- the substrate is then a gaseous substrate (a gas) containing CO.
- This gaseous substrate may be a by-product of an industrial process, such as the manufacturing of ferrous metal products, including steel mills, the manufacturing of non-ferrous products, petroleum refining processes, the gasification of coal and/or biomass or biochar, the production of electrical energy, the production of carbon black, the production of ammonia, the production of methanol, the manufacture of coke, catalytic cracking (in particular during the regeneration of the catalyst monoxide of carbon is produced) and the reforming of methane.
- an industrial process such as the manufacturing of ferrous metal products, including steel mills, the manufacturing of non-ferrous products, petroleum refining processes, the gasification of coal and/or biomass or biochar, the production of electrical energy, the production of carbon black, the production of ammonia, the production of methanol, the manufacture of coke, catalytic cracking (
- the gaseous substrate may come from the gasification of biomass, such as biomass byproducts obtained during the extraction and processing of food products.
- the gasification process involves partial combustion of biomass in a restricted supply of air or oxygen.
- the resulting gas typically comprises primarily CO and H2, with minor volumes of CO2, methane, ethylene and ethane.
- the CO content of the gaseous substrate is typically 15% to 100% by volume, 15% to 95% by volume, 40% to 95% by volume, 40% to 60% by volume, and 45% to 95% by volume. 55% by volume or is in any interval defined by two of these limits.
- Any microorganism capable of fermenting a gaseous substrate comprising CO to produce ethanol can be used.
- Biomass can for example be gasified to produce a synthesis gas (or “syngas” in English) rich in CO/H 2 , this synthetic gas then being converted into methanol in the presence of a catalyst.
- a synthesis gas or “syngas” in English
- CO/H 2 a gas rich in CO/H 2
- a process of this type is for example described in the document WO2012003901.
- ABE fermentation a bacterial fermentation producing a mixture of ethanol, acetone and butanol from carbohydrates such as glucose or starch;
- the hydrogenation of the biofuel partially or completely hydrogenates the unsaturated compounds included in the biofuel, in particular partially or completely hydrogenates the aromatic compounds included in the biofuel.
- Hydrogenation is for example carried out in one or more reactors in a fixed bed (descending or ascending) and in mixed phase, the fraction to be hydrogenated being mainly in the liquid phase.
- the hydrogenation is for example carried out at a temperature between 50°C and 350°C, in particular between 100°C and 300°C. It is carried out under a pressure preferably greater than 10 bara and in particular between 20 bara and 80 bara.
- a stream of hydrogen is fed into the or each reactor mixed with the aromatic base stream to be hydrogenated.
- the ratio of the volume flow of the hydrogen flow to the volume flow of aromatic base (not counting the recycled flow) to be hydrogenated is advantageously between 50 NL/L and 3000NL/L, in particular between 100 NL/L and 500 NL/L.
- Hydrogen can be added to the biofuel stream in several stages along the catalyst bed.
- the hourly space speed is advantageously between 0.5 and 3 and in particular between 1 and 2 h -1 . Excess hydrogen can be recycled into the reaction zone after separation and compression.
- the reaction is carried out in the presence of at least one catalyst comprising one or more group VIII metals (typically Pt, Pd, Ni) supported on a support such as silica, alumina or any mixture of these two compounds or carbon.
- the reaction can also be carried out in the presence of a sulfide type catalyst containing an element from group VIB (Cr, Mo, W) and an element from group VII IB (Fe, Ru, Co, Os, Co, Rh, Ir, Pd, Ni, Pt) or mixtures of these two groups of metals.
- the hydrogenation step is preferably followed by a step for separating the light compounds, generally carried out by stripping or distillation. This separation step makes it possible to produce a hydrogenated cut of type C8-C16, suitable for incorporation into aviation fuel.
- the hydrogenation of the biofuel is complete. This means that the aromatic compounds contained in the biofuel are more than 99% hydrogenated.
- the hydrogenation of the biofuel is partial.
- the hydrogenated biofuel obtained during step ii) is fractionated to recover the C8-C16 naphthenic fraction.
- the naphthenic base recovered by fractionation of the partially hydrogenated biofuel comprises a mixture of aromatic compounds and naphthenic compounds.
- the naphthenic base preferably comprises at least 60% by mass of naphthenic compounds, preferably from 70% to 95% by mass of naphthenic compounds, preferably from 75% to 95% by mass of naphthenic compounds.
- the naphthenic base preferably has a mass ratio between the naphthenic compounds and the aromatic compounds greater than or equal to 1, preferably greater than or equal to 2, preferably greater than or equal to 5, preferably between 1 and 99 , preferably between 5 and 24, preferably between 5 and 10.
- the naphthenic base has a mass ratio between the mass quantity of C9-C10 naphthenic compounds of the naphthenic base and the mass quantity of C9-C14 naphthenic compounds of the naphthenic base, greater than or equal to 0.10, of preferably greater than or equal to 0.40, preferably greater than or equal to 0.50, preferably greater than or equal to 0.6, preferably between 0.70 and 0.95.
- the naphthenic base has a mass ratio between the mass quantity of C9-C12 naphthenic compounds of the naphthenic base and the mass quantity of C9-C14 naphthenic compounds of the naphthenic base, greater than or equal to 0.60, of preferably greater than or equal to 0.70, preferably greater than or equal to 0.80, preferably greater than or equal to 0.90, preferably between 0.80 and 0.999.
- paraffinic and naphthenic bases according to the invention can be carried out from different renewable sources, and in particular by separate processes.
- Aromatic base according to the invention is aromatic base according to the invention.
- composition according to the invention may also comprise a C8-C16 aromatic base.
- the C8-C16 aromatic base can be produced according to the following steps: i) production of a biofuel by subjecting at least one C1-C6 bioalcohol from at least one renewable feedstock to a process for converting alcohol into fuel, ii) recovery by fractionation of said C8-C16 aromatic base from of said biofuel obtained in step i).
- Step i) of producing the biofuel is identical to that described above for the production of the naphthenic base.
- the biofuel obtained during step i) is fractionated to recover the C8-C16 fraction in order to satisfy the volatility properties of aviation fuels.
- the C8-C16 aromatic base according to the invention may have one or more of the following characteristics:
- aromatic compounds present in a content of at least 60% by mass, comprise benzene substituted by at least m methyl and optionally n C2-C5 alkyl.
- aromatic compounds can thus comprise a mixture of benzene molecules substituted by at least m methyls, m being an integer ranging from 1 to 3, and optionally benzene molecules substituted by at least m methyls, m being an integer ranging from 1 to 3. 3, and/or n C2-C5 alkyl, n being an integer ranging from 1 to 3.
- paraffinic and naphthenic bases according to the invention can be carried out from different renewable sources, and in particular by separate processes.
- the composition according to the invention comprises from 50% to 85% by volume, preferably from 55% to 80% by volume, preferably from 55% to 75% by volume of the at least one paraffinic base.
- the composition according to the invention comprises from 15% to 50% by volume, preferably from 20% to 45% by volume, preferably from 25% to 45% by volume of the at least one naphthenic base.
- the composition according to the invention comprises less than 18% by volume, preferably less than 10% by volume, preferably less than 8% by volume, preferably less than 5% by volume, preferably from 1% to 18% by volume, preferably from 1 to 10% by volume of at least one aromatic base.
- the composition according to the invention has a mass ratio of naphthenic compounds/aromatic compounds greater than or equal to 1, preferably greater than or equal to 2, preferably greater than or equal to 3, preferably between 3 and 5.
- the composition according to the invention comprises from 15% to 48% by mass of naphthenic compounds, preferably from 25% to 45% by mass of naphthenic compounds.
- the composition according to the invention comprises a quantity less than or equal to 15% by volume of aromatic compounds, preferably less than or equal to 8% by volume, preferably less than or equal to 5% by volume, relative to the total volume. of the composition.
- the composition according to the invention comprises a quantity of aromatic compounds of between 1 and 15% by volume, preferably between 1 and 8% by volume, relative to the total volume of the composition.
- the quantity of aromatic compounds included in the composition according to the invention is defined by volume in accordance with the specifications of standard ASTM D7566:21.
- the jet fuel composition according to the invention can comply with the Jet A or Jet A1 requirements as defined in the ASTM D7566:21 standard of July 2021 or in the DefStan 91 -091 Issue which refers to the ASTM D7566 standard: 21.
- the composition according to the invention has a density of between 755 kg/m 3 and 840 kg/m 3 , preferably between 775 kg/m 3 and 840 kg/m 3 .
- the contents of paraffinic base, naphthenic base, and aromatic base when present, in the jet fuel composition according to the invention can be chosen such that the jet fuel composition according to the invention complies with these requirements.
- the at least one paraffinic base and the at least one naphthenic base come from separate treatments of renewable charges (from distinct processes), in particular from distinct renewable charges.
- the jet fuel composition according to the invention consists of paraffinic, naphthenic, and aromatic bases when present, derived from renewable feedstocks.
- the jet fuel composition according to the invention is free of components of petroleum origin.
- compositions C1 and C2 according to the invention are prepared.
- C2 comprises 61% by volume of HEFA conforming to the paraffinic base a) according to the invention and 39% by volume of the naphthenic base b).
- composition of naphthenic base b) is presented in the following Table 1, and was determined by a GC2D method.
- naphthenic base b) to a paraffinic base a) therefore makes it possible to obtain compositions with improved properties.
- the addition of naphthenic base b) surprisingly improves the viscosity at - 40°C of the paraffinic base, as well as its lubricity (BOCLE). This shows that it is possible to replace at least part of the aromatic base, frequently used in combination with paraffinic bases, by a naphthenic base, and thus reduce the formation of fine particles and the presence of streaks.
- Example 2 Comparative composition comprising a naphthenic base of fossil origin
- a comparative composition C3* comprising 61% by volume of HEFA conforming to the paraffinic base a) according to the invention (that of Example 1) and 39% by volume of the fossil naphthenic base b') was prepared.
- composition of the naphthenic base b’ was determined by GC2D and is as described in the following table
- the comparative composition C3* as well as the HEFA base and the naphthenic base b’) present the characteristics detailed in the following table (these characteristics were determined according to the standards specified in each column):
- the naphthenic base b') of fossil origin comprises compounds having a higher average carbon number than the naphthenic base b) according to the invention used in example 1.
- the C3* composition has too high a viscosity and does not comply with the ASTM D7566 standard.
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Liquid Carbonaceous Fuels (AREA)
- Production Of Liquid Hydrocarbon Mixture For Refining Petroleum (AREA)
- Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| FR2207729A FR3138444B1 (fr) | 2022-07-27 | 2022-07-27 | Composition renouvelable de carburéacteur à teneur élevée en composés naphténiques et procédé de préparation associé |
| PCT/EP2023/070717 WO2024023161A1 (fr) | 2022-07-27 | 2023-07-26 | Composition renouvelable de carburéacteur à teneur élevée en composés naphténiques et procédé de préparation associé |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP4562114A1 true EP4562114A1 (fr) | 2025-06-04 |
Family
ID=83506129
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP23751268.6A Pending EP4562114A1 (fr) | 2022-07-27 | 2023-07-26 | Composition renouvelable de carburéacteur à teneur élevée en composés naphténiques et procédé de préparation associé |
Country Status (5)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US20260042970A1 (fr) |
| EP (1) | EP4562114A1 (fr) |
| CN (1) | CN119630760A (fr) |
| FR (1) | FR3138444B1 (fr) |
| WO (1) | WO2024023161A1 (fr) |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2026022789A1 (fr) * | 2024-07-26 | 2026-01-29 | Visolis, Inc. | Procédé de synthèse de compositions de carburant d'aviation durables à partir de matériaux de départ comprenant une double liaison |
Family Cites Families (11)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101755038B (zh) * | 2007-06-29 | 2014-05-21 | 能源与环境研究中心基金会 | 来自独立生产的混合物料的航空级煤油 |
| US20090253947A1 (en) | 2008-04-06 | 2009-10-08 | Brandvold Timothy A | Production of Blended Fuel from Renewable Feedstocks |
| AU2011276182B2 (en) | 2010-07-05 | 2014-03-27 | Haldor Topsoe A/S | Process for the preparation of ethanol and higher alcohols |
| US8629310B2 (en) | 2012-03-09 | 2014-01-14 | Phillips 66 Company | Transportation fuels from biomass oxygenates |
| RU2510389C1 (ru) * | 2012-10-19 | 2014-03-27 | Федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего профессионального образования "Московский государственный университет тонких химических технологий имени М.В. Ломоносова" (МИТХТ им. М.В. Ломоносова) | Способ получения реактивного топлива из биоэтанола |
| US9162938B2 (en) | 2012-12-11 | 2015-10-20 | Chevron Lummus Global, Llc | Conversion of triacylglycerides-containing oils to hydrocarbons |
| ES2803557T3 (es) | 2015-12-21 | 2021-01-27 | Neste Corp | Método para producir una composición de combustible de aviación |
| WO2018134853A1 (fr) | 2017-01-17 | 2018-07-26 | Processi Innovativi Srl | Procédé et appareil associé de production de bio-méthanol à partir d'un gaz de synthèse provenant de la gazéification de déchets |
| CA2980573C (fr) | 2017-09-28 | 2019-02-26 | Ultra Clean Ecolene Inc. | Production de biomethanol |
| US11485922B2 (en) | 2020-05-22 | 2022-11-01 | ExxonMobil Technology and Engineering Company | High napthenic content kerosene compositions |
| BR102020020883A2 (pt) * | 2020-10-09 | 2022-04-26 | Petróleo Brasileiro S.A. - Petrobras | Processo para produção de querosene de aviação renovável |
-
2022
- 2022-07-27 FR FR2207729A patent/FR3138444B1/fr active Active
-
2023
- 2023-07-26 EP EP23751268.6A patent/EP4562114A1/fr active Pending
- 2023-07-26 CN CN202380056934.4A patent/CN119630760A/zh active Pending
- 2023-07-26 US US18/998,344 patent/US20260042970A1/en active Pending
- 2023-07-26 WO PCT/EP2023/070717 patent/WO2024023161A1/fr not_active Ceased
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN119630760A (zh) | 2025-03-14 |
| WO2024023161A1 (fr) | 2024-02-01 |
| FR3138444B1 (fr) | 2026-01-09 |
| FR3138444A1 (fr) | 2024-02-02 |
| US20260042970A1 (en) | 2026-02-12 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| US8241881B2 (en) | Production of gasoline from fermentable feedstocks | |
| EP1866266B1 (fr) | Production de carburant diesel a partir d'huiles vegetales et animales | |
| EP2106428A2 (fr) | Procede de conversion de charges issues de sources renouvelables en bases carburants gazoles de bonne qualite | |
| EP2825617B1 (fr) | Procede de valorisation de bio-huiles en carburants hydrocarbones | |
| FR2932811A1 (fr) | Procede de conversion de charges issues de sources renouvelables en bases carburants gazoles de bonne qualite mettant en oeuvre un catalyseur de type zeolithique | |
| EP2162508A2 (fr) | Production de charges de vapocraquage a haut rendement en ethylene, propylene et polymeres resultants par hydrotraitement d'huile vegetales | |
| FR2991335A1 (fr) | Procede optimise pour la valorisation de bio-huiles en bases aromatiques | |
| KR20250006298A (ko) | 지질-보조 전환 | |
| EP4402222A1 (fr) | Composition renouvelable de carbureacteur | |
| WO2024023161A1 (fr) | Composition renouvelable de carburéacteur à teneur élevée en composés naphténiques et procédé de préparation associé | |
| FR3012467A1 (fr) | Procede optimise de conversion de la biomasse pour la fabrication de bases petrochimiques | |
| EP2176382B1 (fr) | Procede d' hydroconversion en lit bouillonnant de charges d'origine bio-renouvelable pour la production de bases carburants | |
| FR3129947A1 (fr) | Procede de production de kerosene d’aviation a partir d’un flux riche en composes aromatiques de source renouvelable | |
| EP2581436B1 (fr) | Procédé de production de distillats moyens à partir d'un melange d'une charge issue de sources renouvelables et d'un effluent paraffinique | |
| WO2024023162A1 (fr) | Composition renouvelable de carburéacteur à teneur élevée en composés naphténiques | |
| WO2025021897A1 (fr) | Carburant aviation à teneur élevée en carburant renouvelable et à teneur réduite en composés aromatiques | |
| FR3151854A1 (fr) | Procédé de fabrication d’un carburéacteur à partir de biomasse présentant une économie d’atome optimisée | |
| WO2023170360A1 (fr) | Procede de fabrication d'un carbureacteur a partir de charges d'origine renouvelable | |
| EP4490254A1 (fr) | Procédé de fabrication d'un carburéacteur à partir de charges d'origine renouvelable | |
| FR3041359A1 (fr) | Procede optimise pour la valorisation de bio-huiles en bases aromatiques et olefiniques | |
| WO2023233098A1 (fr) | Procede de fabrication de fluides hydrocarbones a partir de charges d'origine renouvelable | |
| EP2880126B2 (fr) | Procede d'hydrotraitement et d'hydroisomerisation de charges issues de la biomasse dans lequel l'effluent a hydrotraiter et le flux d'hydrogene contiennent une teneur limitee en monoxyde de carbone | |
| KR20220069151A (ko) | 바이오매스로부터 고순도 노말파라핀의 제조방법 | |
| FR3157430A1 (fr) | Composition de carburant renouvelable et son utilisation pour l’injection pilote dans un moteur à carburation mixte |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| STAA | Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent |
Free format text: STATUS: UNKNOWN |
|
| STAA | Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent |
Free format text: STATUS: THE INTERNATIONAL PUBLICATION HAS BEEN MADE |
|
| PUAI | Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009012 |
|
| STAA | Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent |
Free format text: STATUS: REQUEST FOR EXAMINATION WAS MADE |
|
| 17P | Request for examination filed |
Effective date: 20250127 |
|
| AK | Designated contracting states |
Kind code of ref document: A1 Designated state(s): AL AT BE BG CH CY CZ DE DK EE ES FI FR GB GR HR HU IE IS IT LI LT LU LV MC ME MK MT NL NO PL PT RO RS SE SI SK SM TR |
|
| DAV | Request for validation of the european patent (deleted) | ||
| DAX | Request for extension of the european patent (deleted) | ||
| STAA | Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent |
Free format text: STATUS: EXAMINATION IS IN PROGRESS |
|
| 17Q | First examination report despatched |
Effective date: 20260217 |