EP4543955A1 - Epoxy-terminierte isocyanat-prepolymere und verfahren zu deren herstellung - Google Patents
Epoxy-terminierte isocyanat-prepolymere und verfahren zu deren herstellungInfo
- Publication number
- EP4543955A1 EP4543955A1 EP23729443.4A EP23729443A EP4543955A1 EP 4543955 A1 EP4543955 A1 EP 4543955A1 EP 23729443 A EP23729443 A EP 23729443A EP 4543955 A1 EP4543955 A1 EP 4543955A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- methylimidazolium
- terminated
- ethyl
- butyl
- impact modifier
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G18/00—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates
- C08G18/06—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen
- C08G18/70—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen characterised by the isocyanates or isothiocyanates used
- C08G18/72—Polyisocyanates or polyisothiocyanates
- C08G18/74—Polyisocyanates or polyisothiocyanates cyclic
- C08G18/75—Polyisocyanates or polyisothiocyanates cyclic cycloaliphatic
- C08G18/751—Polyisocyanates or polyisothiocyanates cyclic cycloaliphatic containing only one cycloaliphatic ring
- C08G18/752—Polyisocyanates or polyisothiocyanates cyclic cycloaliphatic containing only one cycloaliphatic ring containing at least one isocyanate or isothiocyanate group linked to the cycloaliphatic ring by means of an aliphatic group
- C08G18/753—Polyisocyanates or polyisothiocyanates cyclic cycloaliphatic containing only one cycloaliphatic ring containing at least one isocyanate or isothiocyanate group linked to the cycloaliphatic ring by means of an aliphatic group containing one isocyanate or isothiocyanate group linked to the cycloaliphatic ring by means of an aliphatic group having a primary carbon atom next to the isocyanate or isothiocyanate group
- C08G18/755—Polyisocyanates or polyisothiocyanates cyclic cycloaliphatic containing only one cycloaliphatic ring containing at least one isocyanate or isothiocyanate group linked to the cycloaliphatic ring by means of an aliphatic group containing one isocyanate or isothiocyanate group linked to the cycloaliphatic ring by means of an aliphatic group having a primary carbon atom next to the isocyanate or isothiocyanate group and at least one isocyanate or isothiocyanate group linked to a secondary carbon atom of the cycloaliphatic ring, e.g. isophorone diisocyanate
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G18/00—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates
- C08G18/06—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen
- C08G18/08—Processes
- C08G18/10—Prepolymer processes involving reaction of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen in a first reaction step
- C08G18/12—Prepolymer processes involving reaction of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen in a first reaction step using two or more compounds having active hydrogen in the first polymerisation step
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G18/00—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates
- C08G18/003—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with epoxy compounds having no active hydrogen
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G18/00—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates
- C08G18/06—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen
- C08G18/08—Processes
- C08G18/16—Catalysts
- C08G18/22—Catalysts containing metal compounds
- C08G18/24—Catalysts containing metal compounds of tin
- C08G18/242—Catalysts containing metal compounds of tin organometallic compounds containing tin-carbon bonds
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G18/00—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates
- C08G18/06—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen
- C08G18/08—Processes
- C08G18/16—Catalysts
- C08G18/22—Catalysts containing metal compounds
- C08G18/24—Catalysts containing metal compounds of tin
- C08G18/244—Catalysts containing metal compounds of tin tin salts of carboxylic acids
- C08G18/246—Catalysts containing metal compounds of tin tin salts of carboxylic acids containing also tin-carbon bonds
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G18/00—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates
- C08G18/06—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen
- C08G18/28—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen characterised by the compounds used containing active hydrogen
- C08G18/40—High-molecular-weight compounds
- C08G18/48—Polyethers
- C08G18/4854—Polyethers containing oxyalkylene groups having four carbon atoms in the alkylene group
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G18/00—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates
- C08G18/06—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen
- C08G18/28—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen characterised by the compounds used containing active hydrogen
- C08G18/40—High-molecular-weight compounds
- C08G18/58—Epoxy resins
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G18/00—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates
- C08G18/06—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen
- C08G18/28—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen characterised by the compounds used containing active hydrogen
- C08G18/67—Unsaturated compounds having active hydrogen
- C08G18/69—Polymers of conjugated dienes
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G59/00—Polycondensates containing more than one epoxy group per molecule; Macromolecules obtained by polymerising compounds containing more than one epoxy group per molecule using curing agents or catalysts which react with the epoxy groups
- C08G59/02—Polycondensates containing more than one epoxy group per molecule
- C08G59/04—Polycondensates containing more than one epoxy group per molecule of polyhydroxy compounds with epihalohydrins or precursors thereof
- C08G59/06—Polycondensates containing more than one epoxy group per molecule of polyhydroxy compounds with epihalohydrins or precursors thereof of polyhydric phenols
- C08G59/066—Polycondensates containing more than one epoxy group per molecule of polyhydroxy compounds with epihalohydrins or precursors thereof of polyhydric phenols with chain extension or advancing agents
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K5/00—Use of organic ingredients
- C08K5/16—Nitrogen-containing compounds
- C08K5/34—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen in the ring
- C08K5/3442—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen in the ring having two nitrogen atoms in the ring
- C08K5/3445—Five-membered rings
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L63/00—Compositions of epoxy resins; Compositions of derivatives of epoxy resins
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L75/00—Compositions of polyureas or polyurethanes; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
- C08L75/04—Polyurethanes
- C08L75/08—Polyurethanes from polyethers
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09J—ADHESIVES; NON-MECHANICAL ASPECTS OF ADHESIVE PROCESSES IN GENERAL; ADHESIVE PROCESSES NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE; USE OF MATERIALS AS ADHESIVES
- C09J175/00—Adhesives based on polyureas or polyurethanes; Adhesives based on derivatives of such polymers
- C09J175/04—Polyurethanes
- C09J175/08—Polyurethanes from polyethers
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G2170/00—Compositions for adhesives
Definitions
- Epoxy-terminated isocyanate prepolymers and process for their preparation are Epoxy-terminated isocyanate prepolymers and process for their preparation
- the present invention relates to a process for producing an epoxy group-terminated impact modifier, in which one or more polyisocyanates (a) with two or more polyols (b), containing at least one polyether polyol (b1) and at least one OH-terminated rubber (b2), mixed at a molar ratio of isocyanate groups to OH groups of 10:1 to 1.5:1 and converted into an isocyanate-terminated prepolymer and the isocyanate-terminated prepolymer is reacted with a polyepoxide (c) in the presence of an ionic liquid to form an epoxide group-terminated impact modifier.
- one or more polyisocyanates (a) with two or more polyols (b), containing at least one polyether polyol (b1) and at least one OH-terminated rubber (b2), mixed at a molar ratio of isocyanate groups to OH groups of 10:1 to 1.5:1 and converted into an isocyanate-terminated prepo
- the present invention further relates to an epoxy group-terminated impact modifier, obtainable by a method according to the invention, the use of an epoxy group-terminated impact modifier in a one-component or two-component epoxy resin composition, preferably in a one-component or two-component epoxy resin adhesive, to increase the impact strength of the cured epoxy resin matrix and a one-component or two-component epoxy resin composition comprising at least one epoxy group-terminated impact modifier according to the invention.
- the adhesives In the production of vehicles and add-on parts as well as machines and devices, high-quality adhesives are increasingly being used instead of or in combination with conventional joining processes such as screws, rivets, punching or welding. This creates advantages and new possibilities in production, for example the production of composite and hybrid materials or greater freedom in the design of components.
- the adhesives For use in vehicle manufacturing, the adhesives must have good adhesion to all substrates used, in particular electrolytically galvanized, hot-dip galvanized and subsequently phosphated steel sheets, oiled steel sheets and to various, if necessary surface-treated, aluminum alloys. These good adhesion properties must be maintained without major losses in quality, especially after aging (alternating climate, salt spray bath, etc.). If the adhesives are used as body shell adhesives in automobile construction, the resistance of these adhesives to cleaning baths and dip painting (so-called washout resistance) is of great importance so that process reliability can be guaranteed by the manufacturer.
- the adhesives for the shell should cure under the usual curing conditions of ideally 30 minutes at 180 °C.
- curing should take place at room temperature over a period of a few days to approx. 1 week, but an accelerated curing regime such as e.g. B. 4h RT followed by 30 min 60°C or 85°C should be applicable.
- they should also be stable up to around 220 °C.
- Further requirements for such a hardened adhesive or bonding are ensuring operational safety both at high temperatures up to around 90 °C and at low temperatures down to around -40 °C. Since these adhesives are structural adhesives and therefore these adhesives bond structural parts, high strength such as high peel strength and high tensile shear strength, reduced crack propagation and high impact strength of the adhesive are of utmost importance.
- EP 0353190 relates to a flexibility component for epoxy resins based on monophenol or epoxy-terminated polymers.
- EP 1574537 AI and EP 1602702 AI describe epoxy resin adhesive compositions that contain monophenol or epoxy-terminated polymers as impact stabilizers.
- EP 2060592 describes heat-curing epoxy resin compositions, in one example specifying the production of a toughener from a mixture of a polyalkylene glycol and a hydroxyl-terminated polybutadiene and isophorone diisocyanate and cardanol as blocking agents.
- EP 0383505 relates to a reactive hot melt adhesive which comprises a urethane prepolymer made from a polyisocyanate and a polyether polyol and a thermoplastic elastomer, whereby hydroxy-terminated polybutadienes can also be used to produce the urethane prepolymer.
- EP 1741734 relates to a thermosetting epoxy resin composition
- a thermosetting epoxy resin composition comprising a solid epoxy resin and an impact modifier obtainable by the reaction of a monohydroxyl epoxy compound and an isocyanate-terminated polyurethane polymer, in one example using a mixture of polyalkylene glycols and hydroxyl-terminated polybutadiene to prepare the polyurethane polymer used as polyol.
- WO2014/072515 relates to an epoxy group-terminated impact modifier obtained by producing a urethane prepolymer containing isocyanate groups and reacting this prepolymer with epoxy resin containing an epoxy compound containing a primary or secondary hydroxy group.
- isophorone diisocyanate can be used as the isocyanate component and a polyol mixture can be used as the polyol component, which comprises at least one polyether polyol and at least one OH-terminated rubber.
- the disadvantage of urethane-linked impact modifiers is reduced temperature stability. Furthermore, the compatibility of the impact modifiers according to the invention with the epoxy matrix is better, which leads to better impact properties.
- US 5480958 describes the reaction of NCO-terminated prepolymers with epoxides to form oxazolidone structural elements.
- potassium acetate is used as a catalyst for the reaction.
- the property profile of these impact modifiers still needs improvement, especially with regard to impact strength, fracture toughness and fracture energy Gic.
- the object of the present invention was therefore to provide an improved impact modifier which leads to excellent impact strength with high tensile shear strength, peel strength and reduced crack propagation in epoxy resins, such as epoxy adhesives. Furthermore, such an impact modifier should, if possible, not lower the glass transition temperature of the epoxy resin and not excessively increase the viscosity of the epoxy resin formulation in order to ensure easy processability.
- an epoxy group-terminated impact modifier which can be produced by a process in which one or more polyisocyanates (a) are mixed with two or more polyols (b), ending with at least one polyether polyol (b1) and at least one OH- terminated rubber (b2), mixed at a molar ratio of isocyanate groups to OH groups of 10:1 to 1.5:1 and converted into an isocyanate-terminated prepolymer and the isocyanate-terminated prepolymer with a polyepoxide (c) in the presence of an ionic liquid Epoxy group-terminated impact modifier.
- one or more polyisocyanates (a) are mixed with two or more polyols (b), ending with at least one polyether polyol (b1) and at least one OH- terminated rubber (b2), mixed at a molar ratio of isocyanate groups to OH groups of 10:1 to 1.5:1 and converted into an isocyanate-terminated prepolymer and the isocyanate-termin
- the present invention further relates to such a method, the use of an epoxy group-terminated impact modifier in a one-component or two-component epoxy resin composition, preferably in a one-component or two-component epoxy resin adhesive, for increasing the impact strength of the cured epoxy resin matrix and a one-component or two-component epoxy resin composition comprising at least one Epoxy group-terminated impact modifier according to the invention.
- an isocyanate prepolymer is obtained in a first step from one or more polyisocyanates (a) with two or more polyols (b).
- isocyanates known for the production of polyurethanes can be used as isocyanates (a). These include the aliphatic, cycloaliphatic and aromatic di- or polyvalent isocyanates known from the prior art and any mixtures thereof. Examples are 2,2'-, 2,4'- and 4,4'-diphenylmethane diisocyanate, the mixtures of monomeric diphenylmethane diisocyanates and higher nuclear homologs of diphenylmethane diisocyanate (polymer MDI), isophorone diisocyanate (I PDI) or its oligomers, 2,4- or 2,6-tolylene diisocyanate (TDI) or mixtures thereof, tetramethylene diisocyanate or its oligomers, hexamethylene diisocyanate (HDI) or its oligomers, naphtylene diisocyanate (NDI) or mixtures thereof.
- isocyanates a. These include the aliphatic
- Modified isocyanates such as polyisocyanates modified with isocyanurate, uretdione, allophanate or uretonimine, can also be used. the.
- Other possible isocyanates are given, for example, in the “Plastics Handbook, Volume 7, Polyurethanes”, Carl Hanser Verlag, 3rd edition 1993, Chapters 3.2 and 3.3.2.
- the preferred isocyanate (a) used is isophorone diisocyanate (IPDI), optionally in a mixture with modified isophorone diisocyanate, and preferably isophorone diisocyanate, in particular exclusively isophorone diisocyanate.
- IPDI isophorone diisocyanate
- polyurethane chemistry with at least 2, preferably 2 to 8, isocyanate-reactive groups can be used as polyols.
- polyetherols include polyetherols, polyesterols, polyamines, OH-terminated polymers such as OH-terminated rubber, and compounds known as chain extenders and crosslinking agents.
- chain extenders and crosslinking agents include polyetherols, polyesterols, polyamines, OH-terminated polymers such as OH-terminated rubber, and compounds known as chain extenders and crosslinking agents.
- chain extenders and crosslinking agents are described, for example, in the “Plastics Handbook, Volume 7, Polyurethanes”, Carl Hanser Verlag, 3rd edition 1993, Chapters 3.1 and 3.4.3.
- the polyether oils (b1) preferably have an OH number of 20 to 100 mg KOH/g, particularly preferably 35 to 80 mg KOH/g and in particular 45 to 65 mg KOH/g and a functionality of preferably 2 to 3 , especially 2 on.
- the polyether oils that can be used according to the invention are produced by known processes. For example, they can be produced by anionic polymerization of alkylene oxides with alkali metal hydroxides, such as. B. sodium or potassium hydroxide or alkali metal alcoholates, such as. B. sodium methylate, sodium or potassium methylate or potassium isopropylate as catalysts and with the addition of at least one starter molecule, which preferably has 2 to 3 reactive hydrogen atoms, or by cationic polymerization with Lewis acids, such as antimony pentachloride, boron fluoride etherate, etc., or bleaching earth as catalysts getting produced.
- alkali metal hydroxides such as. B. sodium or potassium hydroxide or alkali metal alcoholates, such as. B. sodium methylate, sodium or potassium methylate or potassium isopropylate
- at least one starter molecule which preferably has 2 to 3 reactive hydrogen atoms
- Lewis acids such as antimony pentachloride, boron fluoride ether
- polyether polyols can be produced by double metal cyanide catalysis from one or more alkylene oxides with 2 to 4 carbon atoms in the alkylene residue.
- Tertiary amines can also be used as a catalyst, for example triethylamine, tributylamine, trimethylamine, dimethylethanolamine, imidazole or dimethylcyclohexylamine.
- Suitable alkylene oxides are, for example, ethylene oxide, propylene oxide, 1,2-butylene oxide, 1,3-propylene oxide, 2,3-butylene oxide, styrene oxide, tetrahydrofuran or mixtures thereof, preferably ethylene oxide, propylene oxide, 1,2-butylene oxide, tetrahydrofuran or mixtures thereof and in particular Tetrahydrofuran.
- the alkylene oxides can be used individually, alternating one after the other or as mixtures.
- Possible starter molecules include, for example: water, aliphatic and aromatic, optionally N-mono-, N,N- and N,N'-dialkyl-substituted diamines with 1 to 4 carbon atoms in the alkyl radical and in particular polyhydric alcohols, such as ethanediol, 1,2- and 2,3-propanediol, diethylene glycol, dipropylene glycol, 1,4-butanediol, 1,6-hexanediol, glycerin, trimethylolpropane; Pentaerythritol, and mixtures thereof.
- polyhydric alcohols such as ethanediol, 1,2- and 2,3-propanediol, diethylene glycol, dipropylene glycol, 1,4-butanediol, 1,6-hexanediol, glycerin, trimethylolpropane; Pentaerythritol, and mixtures thereof
- the functionality of the polyetherol (b1) is considered to be the functionality of the starter molecule, even if in reality the real functionality of the polymer is affected by side reactions. lyether polyols can be lower. Fractional number functionalities can be obtained by mixing starter molecules with different functionality.
- Polytetrahydrofuran (poly-THF polyols) can also be used as polyetherol.
- the number-average molecular weight of the polytetrahydrofuran is usually 550 to 4000 g/mol, preferably 750 to 3000 g/mol, particularly preferably 800 to 2500 g/mol.
- the polyether polyols can be used individually or in the form of mixtures.
- OH-terminated rubbers can be used as the OH-terminated rubber (b2).
- OH-terminated rubbers are understood to mean all rubbers that contain hydroxyl groups, for example nitrile rubbers containing hydroxyl groups, as described for example in US 3551472, and preferably hydroxyl-terminated ones Polybutadienes (HTPB).
- HTPB Polybutadienes
- HTPB Liquid hydroxyl-terminated polybutadienes
- Commercial products can be obtained by radical polymerization (see US 3965140) or ionic polymerization (see DD 160223) of 1,3-butadiene.
- To obtain HTPB certain starting and stopping reagents are required.
- polyols with different numbers of functional groups are obtained.
- the polybutadienoyls obtained by polymer-analogous reactions contain different amounts of reactive hydroxyl groups and therefore have different functionalities.
- the hydroxy-terminated polybutadienes can also be modified with alkylene oxides or cyclic esters, such as E-caprolactone. Such compounds are described, for example, in EP 3183282. Non-functionalized HTPBs are preferably used.
- hydroxyl-terminated polybutadienes include the Poly bd® and Krasol® products from Cray Valley such as Krasol® LBH-P 2000 or Poly bd® R45V.
- Castor oil-based polyols include, for example, the Albodur® products from Alberdingk Boley, such as Albodur®901, or the Polycine® products from Baker Castor Oil Company, such as Polycine®-GR80.
- the OH functionality of the hydroxyl-terminated rubbers used is preferably in the range from 1.7 to 2.2 for anionically produced types or from 2.2 to 2.8 for radically produced types. If the epoxy group-terminated impact modifier is used in a 2K epoxy resin adhesive, a hydroxyl-terminated rubber, in particular a hydroxyl-terminated butadiene, with an OH functionality of less than or equal to 2 is preferably used. When the epoxy group-terminated impact modifier is used in a 1K epoxy resin adhesive, a hydroxyl-terminated rubber, in particular a hydroxyl-terminated butadiene, with an OH functionality in the range from 2.4 to 2.8 is preferably used.
- the preferred OH functionality mentioned for 2K and 1K epoxy resin adhesive can also be achieved as part of a mixture of two hydroxyl-terminated rubbers, in particular hydroxyl-terminated polybutadienes.
- the weight ratio of polyether polyol to hydroxyl-terminated rubber is preferably in the range of 7:3 to 2:8, particularly preferably 7:3 to 4:6, more preferably 7:3 to 5:5, even more preferably in the range of 6: 4 to 2:8, and particularly preferably 6:4 to 3:7. In this way, the mechanical properties of the cured adhesive can be improved, in particular the impact peel resistance at -30°C.
- the polyols chosen are those for which a mixture of polyol and an epoxy liquid resin made from bisphenol-A and epichlorohydrin, such as Epikote 828 LVEL, in a weight ratio of 40 to 60 is used Haze value measured according to ASTM D1003-11e1 in the range from 50 to 100 for hydroxy-terminated rubber (b2) as polyol and / or in the range from 0 to 5 for polyether polyol as polyol (b1).
- organic metal compounds preferably organic tin compounds, such as tin (II) salts of organic carboxylic acids, e.g. tin (II) acetate, tin (II) octoate, tin (II) ethyl hexanoate and tin (II) II) laurate and the dialkyltin (IV) salts of organic carboxylic acids, for example dibutyltin diacetate, dibutyltin dilaurate, dibutyltin maleate and dioctyltin diacetate, as well as bismuth carboxylates such as bismuth (III) neodecanoate, bismuth 2-ethyl hexanoate and bismuth octanoate or mixtures into consideration.
- tin (II) salts of organic carboxylic acids e.g. tin (II) acetate, tin (II) oc
- catalysts are strongly basic amine catalysts.
- amidines such as 2,3-dimethyl-3,4,5,6-tetrahydropyrimidine
- tertiary amines such as triethylamine, tributylamine, dimethylbenzylamine, N-methyl-, N-ethyl-, N-cyclohexylmorpholine, N,N, N',N'-tetramethylethylenediamine, N,N,N',N'-tetramethylbutanediamine, N,N,N',N'-tetramethylhexanediamine, pentamethyldiethylenetriamine, tetramethyldiaminoethyl ether, bis(dimethylaminopropyl)urea, Dimethylpiperazine, 1,2-dimethylimidazole, 1-aza-bicyclo-(3,3,0)-octane and preferably 1,4-diaza-bicyclo-(2,2,2)-octane
- the content of free isocyanate groups in the isocyanate prepolymer is usually between 1 and 6% by weight of NCO, preferably 1.5 to 4% by weight of free NCO groups.
- the isocyanate-terminated prepolymer is then reacted with a polyepoxide (c) in the presence of ionic liquid to produce the epoxide group-terminated impact modifier.
- the reaction preferably takes place at temperatures of 120 to 250 ° C.
- Any aliphatic, cycloaliphatic, aromatic and/or heterocyclic compounds containing at least two epoxide groups can be used as polyepoxide (c).
- the preferred epoxides suitable as component (c) have 2 to 4, preferably 2, epoxy groups per molecule and an epoxide equivalent weight of 90 to 500 g/eq, preferably 140 to 220 g/eq.
- Suitable polyepoxides are, for example, polyglycidyl ethers of polyhydric phenols, for example catechol, resorcinol, hydroquinone, 4,4'-dihydroxydiphenylpropane (bisphenol A), 4,4'-dihydroxy-3,3'-dimethyldiphenylmethane, 4,4'-dihydroxydiphenylmethane ( Bisphenol F), 4,4'-dihydroxydiphenylcyclohexane, from 4,4'-dihydroxy-3,3'-dimethyldiphenylpropane, from 4,4'-dihydroxydiphenyl, from 4,4'-dihydroxydiphenylsulfone (bisphenol S), from Tris-( 4-hydroxyphenyl)-methane, the chlorination and bromination products of the above-mentioned diphenols, of novolaks (i.e.
- N-di-(2,3-epoxypropyl)-aniline N,N'-dimethyl-N,N'-diepoxypropyl-4,4'-diaminodiphenylmethane, N,N-Diepoxypropyl-4-aminophenyl glycide ether (see GB-PS 772 830 and 816923).
- glycidyl esters of polyvalent aromatic, aliphatic and cycloaliphatic carboxylic acids for example diglycidyl phthalate, diglycidyl isophthalate, diglycidyl terephthalate, diglycidyl adipate and glycidyl esters of reaction products from 1 mole of an aromatic or cycloaliphatic dicarboxylic anhydride and 1/2 mole of a diol or 1/n mole of one Polyols with n hydroxyl groups or diglycidyl hexahydrophthalate, which may optionally be substituted with methyl groups.
- Glycidyl ethers of polyhydric alcohols for example 1,4-butanediol (Araldite® DY-D, Huntsman), 1,4-butenediol, glycerin, trimethylolpropane (Araldite® DY-T/CH, Huntsman), pentaerythritol and polyethylene glycol can also be used.
- triglycidyl isocyanurate N,N'-diepoxypropyloxyamide
- polyglycidyl thioethers from polyvalent thiols, such as from bismercaptomethylbenzene, diglycidyl trimethylene trisulfone, polyglycidyl ethers based on hydantoins.
- Epoxidation products of polyunsaturated compounds can also be used, such as vegetable oils and their conversion products.
- Epoxidation products of di- and polyolefins such as butadiene, vinylcyclohexane, 1,5-cyclooctadiene, 1,5,9-cyclododecatriene, polymers and copolymers that still contain epoxidizable double bonds, for example based on polybutadiene, polyisoprene, butadiene-styrene copolymers, Divinylbenzene, dicyclopentadiene, unsaturated polyesters, as well as epoxidation products from olefins, which are accessible by Diels-Alder addition and finally converted into polyepoxides by epoxidation with percompound or from compounds which contain two cyclopentene or cyclohexene rings linked via bridge atoms or bridge atom groups can also be used.
- polymers of unsaturated monoepoxides can also be used, for example from glycidyl methacrylate or allyl glycidyl ether.
- Polyglycidyl ethers of polyhydric phenols in particular bisphenol A (Araldit® GY250, Huntsman; Ruetapox® 0162, Bakelite AG; Epikote® Resin 162, Hexion Specialty Chemicals GmbH; Eurepox 710, Brenntag GmbH; Araldit® GY250, Hunstman, D.E.R.TM 332, The Dow Chemical Company; Epilox® A 18-00, LEUNA-Harze GmbH) or bisphenol F (4,4'-dihydroxy-diphenyl-methane, Araldit® GY281, Huntsman; Epilox® F 16-01, LEUNA-Harze GmbH; Epilox® F 17-00, LEUNA-Harze GmbH) polyepoxide compounds based on aromatic amines, in particular bis(N-epoxypropyl)aniline, N,N'-dimethyl-N,N'-diepoxypropyl-4,4'-diaminodiphenyl
- Polyglycidyl ethers of bisphenol A and bisphenol F as well as novolaks and mixtures thereof are very particularly preferred, in particular polyglycidyl ethers of bisphenol F.
- Liquid polyepoxides or low-viscosity diepoxides can in special cases further reduce the viscosity of already liquid polyepoxides or convert solid polyepoxides into liquid mixtures.
- the polyepoxides (c) preferably contain as few by-products as possible containing OH groups, such as glycols. The proportion of by-products containing OH groups is given in OH numbers of the polyepoxide (c).
- the OH number of the polyepoxides (c) is particularly preferably less than 20 mg KOH/g, particularly preferably less than 10 mg KOH/g.
- Ionic liquids are well known, widely described and commercially available. For example, ionic liquids that are suitable for improving the conductivity of polyurethanes are described in EP 2038337. Ionic liquids are salts of the general formula (I)
- [A] + represents a quaternary ammonium cation, an oxonium cation, a sulfonium cation or a phosphonium cation and [Y] n- represents a one, two -, trivalent or tetravalent anion;
- B mixed salts of the general formulas (II)
- [A 1 p[M 4 ] 2+ [Yp- (lllj), where n 3 and where [A 1 ] + , [A 2 p and [A 3 ] + independently from each other from the groups mentioned for [A] + are selected, [Yp- has the meaning given under (A) and [M 1 p, [M 2 p, [M 3 p] mean monovalent metal cations, [M 4 ] 2+ divalent metal cations and [M 5 ] 3+ mean trivalent metal cations .
- the ionic liquids used in the present invention have a melting point in a range from -50 ° C to 150 ° C, more preferably in the range from -20 ° C to below 100 ° C and further more preferably from -20 ° C to below 80°C. Particularly preferred is the melting point of the ionic liquid below 50 ° C, in particular ionic liquids according to the invention are liquid at room temperature. Ionic liquids that are liquid at room temperature are easy to process and have an excellent antistatic effect.
- Such compounds can contain oxygen, phosphorus, sulfur or in particular nitrogen atoms, for example at least one nitrogen atom, preferably 1-10 nitrogen atoms, particularly preferably 1-5, very particularly preferably 1-3 and in particular 1-2 nitrogen atoms. If necessary, further heteroatoms such as oxygen, sulfur or phosphorus atoms can also be included.
- the nitrogen atom is a suitable carrier of the positive charge in the cation of the ionic liquid, from which a proton or an alkyl radical can then transfer to the anion in equilibrium to create an electrically neutral molecule.
- the positive charge can also be delocalized in a mesomeric system.
- a cation can first be produced in the synthesis of the ionic liquids by quaternization on the nitrogen atom of, for example, an amine or nitrogen heterocycle. Quaternization can occur by alkylation of the nitrogen atom. Depending on the alkylation reagent used, salts with different anions are obtained. In cases where it is not possible to form the desired anion during quaternization, this can be done in a further synthesis step.
- the halide can be reacted with a Lewis acid, forming a complex anion from the halide and Lewis acid.
- a Lewis acid forming a complex anion from the halide and Lewis acid.
- Suitable methods are, for example, in Angew. Chem. 2000, 112, pp. 3926 - 3945 and the literature cited therein.
- anions can be used as anions.
- Anions that can be used with preference are described, for example, in EP 2038337.
- Substances with a soft cation and/or a soft anion are preferably used as the ionic liquid in the sense of the invention.
- Cations preferably have electron-donating substituents.
- the cation preferably contains only electron-donating substituents.
- the anions preferably have electron-withdrawing substituents. It is particularly preferred to use an ionic liquid in which the charge of the cation, the anion or the cation and the anion is delocalized by mesomeric effects.
- Imidazolium, guanidinium or pyrazolium derivatives, in particular immidazolium derivatives, are therefore preferred as cations.
- Ionic liquids according to the invention particularly preferably have cations selected from the group containing 1,2,3-trimethylimidazolium, 1,3,4,5-tetramethylimidazolium, 1,3,4-dimethylimidazolium, 1,3,4-trimethylimidazolium, 1 ,3-Dibutyl-2-methylimidazolium, 1,3-Dibutylimidazolium, 1,2-Dimethylimidazolium, 1,3-Dimethylimidazolium, 1-Benzyl-3-methylimidazolium, 1-Butyl-2,3-dimethylimidazolium,
- the anions for the process according to the invention are preferably selected from the group containing acetate, bis (2,4,4-trimethylpentyl) phosphinate, bis (malonato) borate, bis (oxalato) borate, bis (pentafluoroethyl) phosphinate, bis (phthalato) borate, bis(salicylato)borate, bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imidate, bis(trifluoromethyl)imidate, borate, bromide, bromoaluminates, carbonate, chloroaluminates, decylbenzenesulfonate, dichlorocuprate, dicyanamide, didecylbenzenesulfonate, didodecylbenzenesulfonate, diethyl phosphate, dihydrogen phosphate, dodecylbenzenesulfone at, Ethyl sulfate, ethyl sulf
- Particularly preferred anions are hexafluorophosphate, tetrafluoroborate, thiocyanate and dicyanamide, ethyl sulfate, diethyl phosphate, methyl sulfate, bromide, iodide, p-toluenesulfonate and methanesulfonate, in particular based on ethyl sulfate, thiocyanate bromide or dicyanamide, most preferably bromide.
- Ionic liquids in the sense of the invention are preferably 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride, 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride, 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium methylsulfonate, 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium methanesulfonate, 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium ethylsulfate, 1 - Butyl-3-methylimidazolium methylsulfate, 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium diethyl phosphate, 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium dimethyl phosphate, 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium dicyanamide, 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium dicyanamide, 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium acetate, 1-butyl -3-methylimidazolium thiocyanate,
- the ionic liquid is contained in the antistatic or conductive polyurethane according to the invention in an amount of 0.001 to 2 percent by weight, more preferably of 0.01 to 1.5 percent by weight, even more preferably from 0.05 to 1.0 percent by weight, particularly preferably from 0.05 to 0.5 percent by weight, each based on the total weight of the isocyanate-terminated prepolymer and the polyepoxide (c).
- the ionic liquids used can be used individually or in the form of mixtures.
- the epoxy group-terminated impact modifier which can be produced by a method according to the invention can be added to a one-component or two-component epoxy resin composition, preferably in a one-component or two-component epoxy resin adhesive, to increase the impact strength of the cured epoxy resin matrix.
- Another area of application of the epoxy group-terminated impact modifier according to the invention is its use in epoxy-containing polyurethanes and polyisocyanurates. Such compounds are described, for example, in WO 2015078740.
- the glass transition temperature is only slightly influenced compared to an epoxy resin composition without an impact modifier, that is to say, when using 20% by weight of impact modifier, the glass transition temperature drops, based on the total weight of epoxy resin composition and impact modifier, preferably by less than 20 ° C, particularly preferably by less than 10 ° C and in particular less than 5 ° C, based on the epoxy resin composition without impact modifier. Furthermore, the viscosity of the epoxy resin composition according to the invention, containing 20% by weight of impact modifier at 40 ° C, increases preferably by less than 50% of the initial value without impact modifier, particularly preferably by less than 30% and in particular by less than 10%.
- Crystal violet is used as an indicator. The determination requires the absence of water, bases and amines.
- 0.2 to 0.5 g of the sample containing oxirane rings is placed in an Erlenmeyer flask.
- the sample is dissolved in 50 ml of anhydrous acetone.
- the mixture is titrated with a 0.1 N solution of perchloric acid in glacial acetic acid. The end point is reached as soon as the color changes from blue to green.
- a blank sample is carried out (this does not contain any oxirane compound) in order to exclude measurement errors.
- the NCO content was determined in % by weight by back titration of the corresponding samples with di-n-butylamine 1M used in excess in chlorobenzene with 1 molar hydrochloric acid.
- 440 g of DER 330 and 0.46 g of EMIM-Br were placed in a 1L four-neck round-bottom flask equipped with a KPG stirrer, thermal sensor, dropping funnel (heatable to 80 ° C) and condenser, N2 flushing via condenser and placed under N2 -Rinse heated to 160°C.
- a dropping funnel 220 g (0.0770 equivalents of NCO) of the NCO-terminated prepolymer 3 from Example 3 were added dropwise within 2 hours, while the reaction temperature was kept constant at 160-170 ° C. After the addition was complete, the mixture was stirred at the reaction temperature for 30 minutes and a sample was taken for IR spectroscopy.
- the complete conversion of the isocyanate was achieved by the Disappearance of the band at 2270cm-1 (NCO oscillation) detected.
- the reaction mixture was cooled to approx. 100 ° C and bottled.
- a viscous product with an EEW of 297.0 and a viscosity of 4018 mPas (measured at 80°C) was obtained.
- Comparative example 2 toughness modifier according to US005480958
- Epikote 828 LVEL the corresponding toughening modifier, Precal 30 S and Omyacarb 5 GU were pre-mixed in a planetary mixer in the proportions shown in the table and heated to 80 °C. After mixing the solids, Araldite GT 6071 was added and cooled to 60 °C. HDK H18 as well as Dyhard 100SF and Dyhard UR700 were then added and stirred in a planetary mixer for 1 hour. The adhesives were cured at 175 °C for 30 minutes.
- Example 7 shows that the toughening modifiers described in the disclosure of the invention show significantly better performance in both cases the toughness modifier after
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Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP22180419 | 2022-06-22 | ||
| PCT/EP2023/065894 WO2023247278A1 (de) | 2022-06-22 | 2023-06-14 | Epoxy-terminierte isocyanat-prepolymere und verfahren zu deren herstellung |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP4543955A1 true EP4543955A1 (de) | 2025-04-30 |
Family
ID=82214185
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP23729443.4A Pending EP4543955A1 (de) | 2022-06-22 | 2023-06-14 | Epoxy-terminierte isocyanat-prepolymere und verfahren zu deren herstellung |
Country Status (4)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US20250382408A1 (de) |
| EP (1) | EP4543955A1 (de) |
| CN (1) | CN119403855A (de) |
| WO (1) | WO2023247278A1 (de) |
Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5480958A (en) * | 1994-09-21 | 1996-01-02 | Air Products And Chemicals, Inc. | Polyepoxide resins incorporating epoxy terminated urethanes as tougheners |
Family Cites Families (17)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE1222076C2 (de) | 1962-02-03 | 1976-01-15 | Bayer Ag, 5090 Leverkusen | Verfahren zur herstellung von diepoxiden |
| US3551472A (en) | 1968-05-22 | 1970-12-29 | Goodrich Co B F | Liquid hydroxyl terminated polymers of butadiene-acrylonitrile |
| US3965140A (en) | 1973-07-28 | 1976-06-22 | The Yokohama Rubber Co. Ltd. | Process for the preparation of hydroxyl-terminated liquid polymers |
| DD160223A3 (de) | 1975-04-29 | 1983-05-18 | Winfried Ballayer | Verfahren zur herstellung von praepolymeren mit entstaendigen hydroxylgruppen |
| DE3767855D1 (de) | 1986-12-19 | 1991-03-07 | Ciba Geigy Gmbh | Epoxidharze enthaltend polyester auf polyalkylenglykolbasis. |
| ES2068911T3 (es) | 1988-07-28 | 1995-05-01 | Ciba Geigy Ag | Combinaciones de flexibilizadores para resinas epoxi. |
| JPH02212576A (ja) | 1989-02-13 | 1990-08-23 | Dai Ichi Kogyo Seiyaku Co Ltd | 反応型ホットメルト接着剤組成物 |
| US5290857A (en) | 1991-09-04 | 1994-03-01 | Nippon Zeon Co., Ltd. | Epoxy resin adhesive composition |
| DE10202838A1 (de) | 2002-01-24 | 2003-08-07 | Basf Ag | Verfahren zur Abtrennung von Säuren aus chemischen Reaktionsgemischen mit Hilfe von ionischen Flüssigkeiten |
| ES2276182T5 (es) | 2004-03-12 | 2015-04-10 | Dow Global Technologies Llc | Composición adhesiva epoxídica |
| EP1602702B2 (de) | 2004-06-01 | 2020-09-16 | Dow Global Technologies LLC | Epoxidharzklebstoffzusammensetzung |
| EP1741734A1 (de) | 2005-07-05 | 2007-01-10 | Sika Technology AG | Tieftemperaturschlagzähe hitze-härtbare Epoxidharzzusammensetzung mit Epoxidfestharzen |
| DE102006031952A1 (de) | 2006-07-11 | 2008-01-17 | Goldschmidt Gmbh | Verwendung von ionischen Flüssigkeiten oder Lösungen aus Metallsalzen in ionischen Flüssigkeiten als Antistatika für Kunststoffe |
| DE502007002766D1 (de) | 2007-11-14 | 2010-03-18 | Sika Technology Ag | Hitzehärtende Epoxidharzzusammensetzung enthaltend nichtaromatische Harnstoffe als Beschleuniger |
| WO2014072515A1 (de) | 2012-11-12 | 2014-05-15 | Sika Technology Ag | Neue schlagzähigkeitsmodifikatoren für epoxy-basierte klebstoffe |
| BR112016012085B1 (pt) | 2013-11-29 | 2021-12-28 | Basf Se | Processo para preparar poliuretanos |
| KR20170043598A (ko) | 2014-08-18 | 2017-04-21 | 바스프 에스이 | 폴리우레탄 엘라스토머 및 열가소성 폴리우레탄을 제조하기 위한 폴리에스테르-개질된 폴리부타디에놀 |
-
2023
- 2023-06-14 EP EP23729443.4A patent/EP4543955A1/de active Pending
- 2023-06-14 US US18/877,345 patent/US20250382408A1/en active Pending
- 2023-06-14 WO PCT/EP2023/065894 patent/WO2023247278A1/de not_active Ceased
- 2023-06-14 CN CN202380048663.8A patent/CN119403855A/zh active Pending
Patent Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5480958A (en) * | 1994-09-21 | 1996-01-02 | Air Products And Chemicals, Inc. | Polyepoxide resins incorporating epoxy terminated urethanes as tougheners |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN119403855A (zh) | 2025-02-07 |
| US20250382408A1 (en) | 2025-12-18 |
| WO2023247278A1 (de) | 2023-12-28 |
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