Classifications

• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
  • H01G—CAPACITORS; CAPACITORS, RECTIFIERS, DETECTORS, SWITCHING DEVICES, LIGHT-SENSITIVE OR TEMPERATURE-SENSITIVE DEVICES OF THE ELECTROLYTIC TYPE
  • H01G11/00—Hybrid capacitors, i.e. capacitors having different positive and negative electrodes; Electric double-layer [EDL] capacitors; Processes for the manufacture thereof or of parts thereof
  • H01G11/22—Electrodes
  • H01G11/26—Electrodes characterised by their structure, e.g. multi-layered, porosity or surface features
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
  • H01G—CAPACITORS; CAPACITORS, RECTIFIERS, DETECTORS, SWITCHING DEVICES, LIGHT-SENSITIVE OR TEMPERATURE-SENSITIVE DEVICES OF THE ELECTROLYTIC TYPE
  • H01G11/00—Hybrid capacitors, i.e. capacitors having different positive and negative electrodes; Electric double-layer [EDL] capacitors; Processes for the manufacture thereof or of parts thereof
  • H01G11/22—Electrodes
  • H01G11/30—Electrodes characterised by their material
  • H01G11/32—Carbon-based
  • H01G11/38—Carbon pastes or blends; Binders or additives therein
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
  • H01G—CAPACITORS; CAPACITORS, RECTIFIERS, DETECTORS, SWITCHING DEVICES, LIGHT-SENSITIVE OR TEMPERATURE-SENSITIVE DEVICES OF THE ELECTROLYTIC TYPE
  • H01G11/00—Hybrid capacitors, i.e. capacitors having different positive and negative electrodes; Electric double-layer [EDL] capacitors; Processes for the manufacture thereof or of parts thereof
  • H01G11/22—Electrodes
  • H01G11/30—Electrodes characterised by their material
  • H01G11/50—Electrodes characterised by their material specially adapted for lithium-ion capacitors, e.g. for lithium-doping or for intercalation
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
  • H01G—CAPACITORS; CAPACITORS, RECTIFIERS, DETECTORS, SWITCHING DEVICES, LIGHT-SENSITIVE OR TEMPERATURE-SENSITIVE DEVICES OF THE ELECTROLYTIC TYPE
  • H01G11/00—Hybrid capacitors, i.e. capacitors having different positive and negative electrodes; Electric double-layer [EDL] capacitors; Processes for the manufacture thereof or of parts thereof
  • H01G11/04—Hybrid capacitors
  • H01G11/06—Hybrid capacitors with one of the electrodes allowing ions to be reversibly doped thereinto, e.g. lithium ion capacitors [LIC]
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
  • H01G—CAPACITORS; CAPACITORS, RECTIFIERS, DETECTORS, SWITCHING DEVICES, LIGHT-SENSITIVE OR TEMPERATURE-SENSITIVE DEVICES OF THE ELECTROLYTIC TYPE
  • H01G11/00—Hybrid capacitors, i.e. capacitors having different positive and negative electrodes; Electric double-layer [EDL] capacitors; Processes for the manufacture thereof or of parts thereof
  • H01G11/22—Electrodes
  • H01G11/30—Electrodes characterised by their material
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
  • H01G—CAPACITORS; CAPACITORS, RECTIFIERS, DETECTORS, SWITCHING DEVICES, LIGHT-SENSITIVE OR TEMPERATURE-SENSITIVE DEVICES OF THE ELECTROLYTIC TYPE
  • H01G11/00—Hybrid capacitors, i.e. capacitors having different positive and negative electrodes; Electric double-layer [EDL] capacitors; Processes for the manufacture thereof or of parts thereof
  • H01G11/84—Processes for the manufacture of hybrid or EDL capacitors, or components thereof
  • H01G11/86—Processes for the manufacture of hybrid or EDL capacitors, or components thereof specially adapted for electrodes

Definitions

• a supercapacitor has two electrodes and an electrolyte between the electrodes as a separator; energy is stored between the electrodes and the electrolyte.
• the patent no. US 11075381B2 is related to a graphene sheet having a boron-doped anode part and to a sodium-ion battery comprising it.
• the boron used therein is in the form of a boron-carbon compound.
• Supercapacitor active material may be selected from a carbonbased active material such as graphene, carbon black, graphite, a single wall carbon nano-tube, a multi wall carbon nano-tube, active carbon, carbon nano-fibers, carbon fibers or a transition metal oxide such as NiCo2O4, MnC .
• a material made of a mixture of more than one active material is also suitable for use with the multilayered, nano-dispersed, crystalline boron.
• the composition to be applied to the surfaces comprises 5-80% graphene, 1-25% binder, for example PVDF (polyvinylidenefluoride) and 2-30% multilayered, nano-dispersed, crystalline boron by weight.
• binder for example PVDF (polyvinylidenefluoride)
• multilayered, nano-dispersed, crystalline boron by weight for example
• the invention is also related to increasing efficiency of lithium-ion batteries.
• the anode material of lithium-ion batteries is doped with the multilayered, nano-dispersed, crystalline boron.
• the lithium-ion active material used in the composition of multilayered, nano-dispersed, crystalline boron may be selected from a carbon-based active material such as graphene, carbon black, graphite, a single wall carbon nano-tube, a multi wall carbon nano-tube, active carbon, carbon nano-fibers, carbon fibers.
• the composition to be applied to the anode material comprises 5-90% graphite, 1-20% binder, 1-30% carbon black and 1-30% multilayered, nano-dispersed, crystalline boron by weight.
• Figure 2 A view showing that the material is crystalline and the distance between atoms
• Figure 3 A TEM analysis view of a multilayered, nano-dispersed, crystalline boron.
• Figure 4 Result of an XRD analysis of multilayered, nano-dispersed, crystalline boron used
• Figure 5 Cyclic voltammograms of supercapacitor cells with and without multilayered, nano-dispersed, crystalline boron doped
• Figure 6 Electrochemical impedance spectra in the range of 100.000-0.01 Hz of supercapacitor cells with and without multilayered, nano-dispersed, crystalline boron doped
• Figure 7 Galvanostatic charge-discharge curves of supercapacitor cells with and without multilayered, nano-dispersed, crystalline boron doped
• Figure 8 Cyclic voltammograms, taken for example at the scan rate of 1 mV.s-1, of supercapacitor cells with multilayered, nano-dispersed, crystalline boron doped
• Figure 9 Charge-discharge capacities of 50 cycles of Li-Ion cells with and without multilayered, nano-dispersed, crystalline boron doped
• the invention is related to the use of a multilayered, nano-dispersed and crystalline boron material in energy storage systems or smart textiles.
• the boron material of the invention is formulated with suitable binders and active materials, and applied to the current collector surfaces in energy storage, or fibers.
• the suitable binders may be for example PVDF, PTFE, carboxy methyl cellulose, poly aery lie acid, styrene butadiene rubber, PTFE, LA 132, LA 133.
• the active material although may vary depending on the intended use, may be selected from a carbon-based active material such as graphene, carbon black, graphite, a single wall carbon nano-tube, a multi wall carbon nano-tube, active carbon, carbon nano-fibers, carbon fibers or a transition metal oxide such as NiCoiCL, MnCE.
• the electrodes in a supercapacitor which is one of the energy storage systems, are prepared with a capacitor active material that is doped with a multilayered, nanodispersed and crystalline boron material of invention ( Figure- 1).
• the anode material is doped with a multilayered, nanodispersed and crystalline boron of the invention.
• the multilayered, nano-dispersed and crystalline boron is applied to the fibers/fabrics chosen for the intended use. With said application, it is intended to dope the fibers with the multilayered, nano-dispersed and crystalline boron.
• the multilayered, nano- dispersed and crystalline boron prepared is applied to the fibers preferably by soaking.
• the fibers are endowed with the qualities of conductivity and energy storage, and the use of products such as garments, shoes, blankets, beds, etc. to be produced with these fibers, enhances the thermal comfort/conduction to the maximum extent possible.
• a smart garment which serves to monitor human body functions, to measure signals such as heart rate, blood pressure and fever, it must be able to conduct electric current.
• Such systems should have detectors, sensors, a processor to process the data output by sensors, and fibers suitable for providing a connection therebetween.
• the multilayered, nano-dispersed and crystalline boron of invention serves to perform this function in smart textile products.
• the multilayered, nano-dispersed and crystalline boron is doped to the energy storage systems or textile products in a pure form, at 0,001% to 38%, preferably 5% to 20%, more preferably, 8% to 15% by weight. In the most preferable embodiment of invention, it is doped at 11%.
• the material coated onto the graphite foam in the preparation of a supercapacitor comprises the multilayered, nano-dispersed and crystalline boron, PVDF, carbon black and graphene.
• This mixture is dispersed in solvents such as for example N-Methyl-2-Pyrrolidone (NMP), acetone, ethanol or water and the surfaces are covered with this by a suitable method for example by dripping onto the foam surfaces or applying with a spray.
• NMP N-Methyl-2-Pyrrolidone
• acetone acetone
• ethanol ethanol
• a preferred solvent is NMP.
• said foam surfaces are covered with an active material as doped in accordance with this invention, in an amount ranging between 0.10 to 100 mg, preferably 0.25 to 40 mg, more preferably 0.50 to 30 mg per 1 cm 2 of a foam surface. In the most preferred embodiment, this amount ranges between 0.75 to 5 mg.
• the foam surface area in the examples of invention is 0.95 cm 2 and only 1 mg conductive material has been applied thereon.
• Tests show that a prototype supercapacitor doped in accordance with this invention has a higher specific capacitance than its equivalents without doping. The results of the tests also show that the supercapacitors doped with the multilayered, nanodispersed and crystalline boron are charged faster and discharged slower than those without doping.
• Cellulose acetate, polyethylene, polypropylene, polypropylene/polyethylene/polypropylene (PP/PE/PP) or ceramic may be used as a separator.
• the dispersion of multilayered, nano-dispersed and crystalline boron used in the scope of the invention, is prepared by acoustic cavitation, for example sonication.
• the composition to be used for a lithium-ion battery comprises 5-90% graphite, 1-20% binder, 1-30% carbon black and 1-30% multilayered, nano-dispersed, crystalline boron by weight.
• the composition comprises 10-70%, preferably 15-60% graphite, 2-15% binder, 4- 25%, preferably 5-15% carbon black and 2-25%, preferably 5-20% multilayered, nano-dispersed, crystalline boron by weight. Cyclic voltammetry and galvanostatic charge-discharge tests were made comparatively on the formulations with and without doping and showed that the doped formulation has a clearly higher specific capacity and a higher specific capacitance by about 40% than a conventional lithium-ion half cell.
• a multilayered, nano-dispersed and crystalline boron of invention can be used in the production of the beds configured to adjust body temperature of a patient who needs to stay in bed for a long time, of the garments configured to facilitate monitoring vital functions of a patient who needs care at home or hospital, the garments configured to protect a fireman who performs a highly risks task like fire-fighting.
• the invention also provides a method of preparation of a multilayered, nanodispersed and crystalline boron.
• the method comprises the following steps. a) Powder boron is mixed with an organic solvent at a suitable temperature, speed and time. The temperature is preferably 22-36 °C, the speed is preferably a speed that can create a vortex, for example between 300 to 1200 rpm, and the time is preferably 60 to 120 minutes. As a result of this step, a homogeneous dispersion of boron is obtained. b) The resulting boron dispersion is heat-treated at a suitable temperature, preferably between 185 and 220°C, for 12 to 22 hours. c) The product of step b) is allowed to cool to the room temperature.
• Powder boron and an organic solvent (acetone) is mixed in a ratio of 1 to 0,5 at 28 °C and at a speed to create vortex for 75 minutes and a homogeneous boron dispersion is formed.
• the dispersion obtained is heat-treated at 195 °C for 16 hours and after that allowed to cool on its own.
• the cooled dispersion is sonicated at 200 W for 6 hours (acoustic cavitation). Then the particles are allowed to precipitate overnight, supernatant is collected and then the dispersion is filtered.
• the product obtained after filtration is heat-treated at a temperature of 180 °C for 12 hours. At the end of the process, a light yellow to dark brown product is obtained.
• the graphics in Figure 6 show that the supercapacitors doped with the multilayered, nano-dispersed and crystalline boron are charged faster and discharged slower than those without doping.
• PP/PE/PP was used as separator.
• a lithium chip is selected as cathode to prepare batteries.
• the formulation comprising 77% graphite, 10% PVDF and 10% carbon black, was doped with 3% multilayered, nano-dispersed and crystalline boron. Cyclic voltammetry and galvanostatic charge-discharge tests were made comparatively on the formulations with and without doping and the results were evaluated (Figure 8 and Figure 9).
• FIGURE 1 A first figure.
• N Specific current (mA g' 1 )

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• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Power Engineering (AREA)
• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Materials Engineering (AREA)
• Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
• Electric Double-Layer Capacitors Or The Like (AREA)
• Battery Electrode And Active Subsutance (AREA)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Publications (1)

Family

ID=94969668

Family Applications (1)

Country Status (1)

• 2023
  • 2023-05-25 EP EP23738936.6A patent/EP4533505A2/de active Pending

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