EP4479162A1 - VERFAHREN UND VORRICHTUNG ZUR BEHANDLUNG VON PRIMÄRGAS AUS EINEM METALLURGISCHEN GEFÄß - Google Patents
VERFAHREN UND VORRICHTUNG ZUR BEHANDLUNG VON PRIMÄRGAS AUS EINEM METALLURGISCHEN GEFÄßInfo
- Publication number
- EP4479162A1 EP4479162A1 EP23705498.6A EP23705498A EP4479162A1 EP 4479162 A1 EP4479162 A1 EP 4479162A1 EP 23705498 A EP23705498 A EP 23705498A EP 4479162 A1 EP4479162 A1 EP 4479162A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- gas
- primary
- gas mixture
- primary gas
- mixture
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
- B01D53/46—Removing components of defined structure
- B01D53/54—Nitrogen compounds
- B01D53/56—Nitrogen oxides
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
- B01D53/74—General processes for purification of waste gases; Apparatus or devices specially adapted therefor
- B01D53/86—Catalytic processes
- B01D53/8621—Removing nitrogen compounds
- B01D53/8625—Nitrogen oxides
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
- B01D53/74—General processes for purification of waste gases; Apparatus or devices specially adapted therefor
- B01D53/86—Catalytic processes
- B01D53/88—Handling or mounting catalysts
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
- C21C5/00—Manufacture of carbon-steel, e.g. plain mild steel, medium carbon steel or cast steel or stainless steel
- C21C5/28—Manufacture of steel in the converter
- C21C5/38—Removal of waste gases or dust
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
- C21C5/00—Manufacture of carbon-steel, e.g. plain mild steel, medium carbon steel or cast steel or stainless steel
- C21C5/28—Manufacture of steel in the converter
- C21C5/38—Removal of waste gases or dust
- C21C5/40—Offtakes or separating apparatus for converter waste gases or dust
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
- C21C5/00—Manufacture of carbon-steel, e.g. plain mild steel, medium carbon steel or cast steel or stainless steel
- C21C5/52—Manufacture of steel in electric furnaces
- C21C5/5211—Manufacture of steel in electric furnaces in an alternating current [AC] electric arc furnace
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2251/00—Reactants
- B01D2251/20—Reductants
- B01D2251/206—Ammonium compounds
- B01D2251/2062—Ammonia
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2251/00—Reactants
- B01D2251/20—Reductants
- B01D2251/206—Ammonium compounds
- B01D2251/2067—Urea
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2253/00—Adsorbents used in seperation treatment of gases and vapours
- B01D2253/10—Inorganic adsorbents
- B01D2253/102—Carbon
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2257/00—Components to be removed
- B01D2257/70—Organic compounds not provided for in groups B01D2257/00 - B01D2257/602
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2257/00—Components to be removed
- B01D2257/70—Organic compounds not provided for in groups B01D2257/00 - B01D2257/602
- B01D2257/702—Hydrocarbons
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2258/00—Sources of waste gases
- B01D2258/02—Other waste gases
- B01D2258/025—Other waste gases from metallurgy plants
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21B—MANUFACTURE OF IRON OR STEEL
- C21B2100/00—Handling of exhaust gases produced during the manufacture of iron or steel
- C21B2100/40—Gas purification of exhaust gases to be recirculated or used in other metallurgical processes
- C21B2100/44—Removing particles, e.g. by scrubbing, dedusting
Definitions
- the invention relates to a method and an apparatus for treating primary gas from a metallurgical vessel for the effective reduction of NOx components.
- the metallurgical vessel according to the invention is, for example, an electric arc furnace, a reduction furnace or an industrial furnace, each of which is suitable for the production of steel, ferrous alloys or non-ferrous metal alloys.
- so-called primary gas which is produced during the operation of a metallurgical vessel, in particular a metallurgical furnace, first to cool and then with so-called secondary gas, which is about z.
- secondary gas which is about z.
- a roof hood is sucked out of the environment of the metallurgical vessel to mix to form a gas mixture.
- the resulting gas mixture is then fed to a fabric filter, in particular to be cleaned of dust particles.
- the gas mixture is checked with regard to its NOx components. If the NOx content is too high, the following methods are known to reduce it:
- SNCR selective non-catalytic reduction
- SCR selective catalytic reduction
- the international patent application WO 2018/104169 A1 discloses a method according to the preamble of patent claim 1 and a device according to the preamble of device claim 14. Specifically, the application discloses a metallurgical vessel in the form of an electric arc furnace that generates primary gas during its operation.
- the primary gas is directed into an exhaust pipe via a manifold and a manifold gap to draw in oxygen from the environment.
- Urea is injected into the primary gas inside the manifold, ie immediately after leaving the metallurgical vessel, before the primary gas thus enriched with urea passes through an exhaust gas flow heater and is then enriched with said oxygen.
- the exhaust gas flow heater is designed in such a way that it heats the primary gas flow with the injected urea to a temperature between 400°C and 1000°C, preferably between 600°C and 800°C.
- the exhaust gas treated in this way is fed to a coarse separator via the exhaust pipe before it is then fed with water.
- the treated primary gas is mixed with secondary gas drawn from the environment of the metallurgical vessel.
- the gas mixture thus formed is then filtered before being discharged into the environment.
- the invention is based on the object of further developing a known method and a known device for reducing nitrogen oxides in the primary gas of a metallurgical vessel, in particular a metallurgical furnace, such that the NOx components can be reduced without the necessary measures having an undesirable effect Have an impact on the process inside the metallurgical furnace and without requiring high investment costs.
- this object is achieved by the process claimed in patent claim 1 .
- This method is characterized in that the mixing of the primary gas to form the gas mixture takes place in a controlled manner with only a branched-off part of the secondary gas until the gas mixture has cooled to a temperature in the temperature range from 400° C. to 600° C.; and that the gas mixture containing the primary gas is supplied with the reducing agent.
- the present invention is based on the assumption that the primary gas initially has too high a temperature after exiting the metallurgical vessel in order to be able to meaningfully carry out a reduction of the nitrogen oxides.
- the claimed cooling is therefore provided according to the method according to the invention. According to the invention, this cooling takes place in a particularly cost-effective manner, namely by simply mixing the still hot primary gas with the significantly colder secondary gas sucked in from the environment. The secondary gas is fed in until the resulting gas mixture has a temperature from the claimed temperature range of 400°C to 600°C.
- the term "claimed temperature from the temperature range " can mean on the one hand that the temperature of the gas mixture is controlled to a specific temperature from the temperature range (without feedback from the measured variable) or controlled (with feedback of the measured variable). On the other hand, this term can mean that the temperature of the gas mixture may fluctuate in the temperature range and that countermeasures are only taken in the sense of a two-point control if the temperature falls below the lower range limit and if the upper range limit is exceeded.
- the abbreviation NOX means nitric oxide.
- the claimed mixing of the primary gas with the secondary gas can advantageously be implemented particularly inexpensively by simply implementing the necessary mixing device in the form of a node of the exhaust pipe for the primary gas and the exhaust pipe for the branched-off part of the secondary gas.
- a simple, suitably controlled bypass valve can preferably be used as the required control element.
- the actuator is controlled in such a way that the partial quantity of the sucked-in secondary gas that is supplied to the primary gas is metered in such a way that the gas mixture has the desired temperature from the temperature range of 400°C to 600°C.
- the injection of the reducing agent to reduce the proportion of nitrogen oxides does not take place in the pure primary gas, but in the gas mixture of primary gas and secondary gas produced according to the invention.
- the supply of the reducing agent to the gas mixture according to the invention takes place at such a great distance from the metallurgical vessel that a reaction to the processes taking place in the metallurgical vessel can be ruled out.
- the secondary gas can be supplied to the warmer primary gas either in the form of a control or in the form of a regulation.
- the subset of the secondary gas that is sucked in is adjusted in such a way that the temperature of the gas mixture is in the required temperature range.
- a feedback of the actual temperature of the Gas mixture for control purposes does not take place in the controller.
- the actual temperature of the gas mixture is preferably continuously measured during an ongoing metallurgical process and is compared with a predetermined target temperature from the temperature range of 400°C to 600°C. If an impermissibly large deviation of the actual temperature from the desired setpoint temperature is determined, then the supplied first partial quantity of the secondary gas sucked in is varied accordingly in relation to the gas mixture.
- the amount of primary gas supplied could also be varied with the aid of a primary gas control flap; however, this would potentially have an adverse effect on the process in the metallurgical vessel.
- the primary gas after leaving the metallurgical vessel but before it is mixed with the secondary gas, the primary gas is first post-combusted in an afterburner chamber in order to advantageously reduce the carbon content in particular.
- the temperature of the primary gas rises significantly above the temperature that would be required for effective nitrogen oxide reduction by supplying the reducing agent.
- the claimed cooling is necessary due to the admixture of parts of the secondary gas with the primary gas.
- the temperature of the primary gas can be so high that cooling alone by adding the secondary gas is not sufficient.
- the post-combusted primary gas is pre-cooled to a temperature of 850° C. to 750° C. in a cooling chamber before it is mixed with the secondary gas.
- Another advantage of the claimed mixing of the primary gas with the secondary gas is that the negative pressure of the primary gas, which is higher than the negative pressure of the secondary gas, are equalized and the resulting negative pressure of the gas mixture is lower than the negative pressure of the primary gas before mixing.
- This offers the advantage that the filters and blowers to be provided subsequently for treating the gas mixture can be designed accordingly for lower pressures and can therefore be procured more cost-effectively than such devices for higher pressures.
- the secondary gas has a temperature of typically 50°C to 80°C before it is mixed with the primary gas. In comparison to the temperature of the primary gas before mixing, this temperature of the secondary gas is comparatively low. This has the advantage that effective cooling of the primary gas or of the gas mixture resulting from the mixing to the desired temperature range can be achieved with the claimed mixing.
- a hot gas cyclone can be provided between the cooling chamber and the claimed mixing device for mixing the primary gas with the secondary gas.
- the provision of the hot gas cyclone offers the advantage that it cleans the primary gas of coarse dust particles and at the same time reduces the pressure of the primary gas.
- the gas enriched with the reducing agent is sent through a hot gas filter.
- the hot gas filter contains catalytically coated candles, with the coating acting as a catalyst for the desired NOx reduction and the candles as dust separators.
- the cleaned and NOx-reduced gas mixture is sucked in with the help of an induced draft fan at the outlet of the hot gas filter device and discharged into the environment through a chimney. Due to the reduced temperature and the reduced pressure of the gas mixture, the induced draft fan can be designed comparatively inexpensively.
- the method according to the invention advantageously provides that the primary gas and the secondary gas are basically treated separately, in particular cleaned, before these gases are released into the environment via the chimney.
- the method according to the invention provides that a further subset of the sucked-in secondary gas that is not mixed with the primary gas is cleaned in a filtering separator, in particular dust is reduced, before it is discharged through the chimney.
- the filtering separator for the secondary gas can be designed more cost-effectively than the hot gas separator for the gas mixture because the pressure and temperature of the secondary gas to be cleaned are significantly lower than the pressure and temperature of the gas mixture to be cleaned by the hot gas filter device.
- activated carbon can advantageously be used to remove uranium and dioxins from the gases.
- At least part of the further subset of the cleaned, in particular dedusted, secondary gas is fed to the NOx-reduced and dedusted gas mixture in order to generate a remaining gas mixture which has an even lower temperature and an even lower pressure than the gas mixture after leaving the hot gas filter.
- the lower pressure and the lower temperature of the remaining gas mixture in turn allow a more economical design of the induced draft fan.
- This cooling of the gas mixture can also take place in the form of a control or regulation, as described above.
- a cost-effective further bypass valve can also be used here as the actuator.
- urea or ammonia is used in particular as a reducing agent for reducing the proportion of nitrogen oxides in the primary gas.
- the invention is accompanied by a single figure which illustrates the device according to the invention.
- Figure 1 illustrates the device according to the invention. It includes all components that are arranged between a metallurgical vessel 1 , in particular a metallurgical furnace, and a chimney 13 .
- the metallurgical vessel 1 and the chimney 13 themselves are not part of the device according to the invention.
- the device comprises an afterburning chamber 2 which is connected downstream of the metallurgical vessel 1 and which may also provide a possibility for using the waste heat generated therein.
- a cooling device 2.1 can be provided inside or downstream of the post-combustion chamber 2 for pre-cooling the primary gas to a temperature of typically 850.degree. C. to 750.degree.
- the cooling chamber 2.1 is optionally followed by a hot gas cyclone 3 for separating dust particles and for reducing the pressure in the primary gas. Downstream of the hot cyclone is a first actuator 4, for example a primary gas control valve for controlling the volume flow of the primary gas in the exhaust pipe a for the primary gas.
- a secondary gas branch x runs, which begins at a secondary suction point 8, for example a roof hood, with the help of which air--and thus oxygen--is sucked out of the environment of the metallurgical vessel 1.
- This air is also referred to as secondary gas.
- the extraction takes place with the help of a secondary gas Induced draft fan 10.
- a filtering separator 9 is provided in a line c for a further subset of the sucked-in secondary gas for dust removal from the secondary gas. With the help of the induced draft fan 10, the remaining secondary gas is released into the environment via the chimney 13.
- a first branch b also called bypass or line for part (amount) of the sucked-in secondary gas
- a first actuator 11 is installed in this first branch b, for example in the form of a first bypass valve.
- this node is also referred to as a mixing device 14 within the meaning of the invention.
- a gas mixture is produced from said mixing of the branched-off partial quantity of the sucked-in colder secondary gas with the warmer primary gas.
- the branched-off portion of the secondary gas is adjusted or regulated with the aid of the first actuator 11, which is controlled by a controller 18, so that the gas mixture resulting from the mixing in line g has a temperature from the claimed temperature range of 400° C. to 600° c has
- the reducing agent is first fed to this cooled gas mixture with the aid of a feed device 5 in order to reduce the proportion of nitrogen oxides in the gas mixture.
- the gas mixture has a temperature of between 400°C and 600°C, as claimed.
- the gas mixture enriched with the reducing agent is then fed through line g to a hot gas filter device 6 with catalytically coated candles, in particular to accelerate NOx reduction and to separate dust from the gas mixture. After this filtering and catalysis of the gas mixture, it is sucked in through a line h with an induced draft fan 7 .
- a second branch also called line e for a branched part of the further part of the secondary gas sucked in, which connects the secondary gas line d behind the filtering separator 9 with the line h for the gas mixture behind the hot gas filter 6 connects.
- the connecting node represents a further mixing device 17. The mixing taking place there produces a residual gas mixture in line i.
- a further actuator 12 is arranged analogously to the first branch b, for example again in the form of a bypass valve.
- This further actuator 12 is also advantageously set or regulated with the aid of the controller 18 in such a way that the temperature of the remaining gas mixture is cooled to a temperature of below 200° C., preferably below 100° C.; see reference C in the figure. At this point, the pressure level can also drop again due to the secondary gas supplied.
- a low pressure level and low temperature allow the design of the induced draft fan 7 for lower pressures and lower temperatures, and therefore cost-effectively.
- the remaining gas mixture is discharged into the environment at the outlet of the induced draft fan 7 via the chimney.
- the cleaning ie in particular the dedusting, is carried out separately for the primary gas and the secondary gas.
- the filter devices provided for this purpose ie the hot gas filter device 6 and the fabric filter, ie the filtering Separators 9 are used differently and in each case in a cost-optimized manner.
- the use of activated carbon can significantly reduce the proportion of dust that is hazardous to health. Separate treatment of the filtered dust from the primary gas and secondary gas makes sense because the dust in the primary gas has a high iron content.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Biomedical Technology (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Waste-Gas Treatment And Other Accessory Devices For Furnaces (AREA)
- Treating Waste Gases (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE102022201570.3A DE102022201570A1 (de) | 2022-02-16 | 2022-02-16 | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Behandlung von Primärgas aus einem metallurgischen Gefäß |
| PCT/EP2023/053465 WO2023156330A1 (de) | 2022-02-16 | 2023-02-13 | VERFAHREN UND VORRICHTUNG ZUR BEHANDLUNG VON PRIMÄRGAS AUS EINEM METALLURGISCHEN GEFÄß |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP4479162A1 true EP4479162A1 (de) | 2024-12-25 |
Family
ID=85278021
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP23705498.6A Pending EP4479162A1 (de) | 2022-02-16 | 2023-02-13 | VERFAHREN UND VORRICHTUNG ZUR BEHANDLUNG VON PRIMÄRGAS AUS EINEM METALLURGISCHEN GEFÄß |
Country Status (5)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US20250161871A1 (de) |
| EP (1) | EP4479162A1 (de) |
| CA (1) | CA3248187A1 (de) |
| DE (1) | DE102022201570A1 (de) |
| WO (1) | WO2023156330A1 (de) |
Families Citing this family (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN118987966B (zh) * | 2024-08-06 | 2025-10-31 | 浙江华飞电子基材有限公司 | 一种球形二氧化硅脱硝工艺及装置 |
| EP4726307A1 (de) * | 2024-10-09 | 2026-04-15 | Primetals Technologies Austria GmbH | Nachbrennkammersystem zum wärmeabtransport von einem schmelzaggregat |
Family Cites Families (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE4221239C1 (de) * | 1992-06-27 | 1993-07-22 | Man Gutehoffnungshuette Ag, 4200 Oberhausen, De | |
| TW386894B (en) * | 1997-06-20 | 2000-04-11 | Von Roll Umwelttechnik Ag | Process and plant for deNOxing combustion off-gas |
| DE102011017600A1 (de) * | 2011-04-27 | 2012-10-31 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Verfahren zum Vermindern der Emission von Stickoxiden im Abgas eines Ofens bei der thermischen Behandlung von Werkstoffen und nach diesem Verfahren betriebener Ofen |
| DE102013016701B4 (de) * | 2013-10-08 | 2017-06-14 | Khd Humboldt Wedag Gmbh | Verfahren zur Entstickung von Bypassabgasen in einer Anlage zur Herstellung von Zementklinker und Anlage zur Herstellung von Zementklinker |
| DE102014108153A1 (de) * | 2014-06-10 | 2015-12-17 | Elex Cemcat Ag | Anlage mit einer ein Abgas erzeugenden Behandlungsvorrichtung, einem Oxidations- und einem Reduktionskatalysator sowie Verfahren zur Behandlung des Abgases in einer solchen Anlage |
| US10092878B2 (en) * | 2016-03-03 | 2018-10-09 | General Electric Company | System and method for mixing tempering air with flue gas for hot SCR catalyst |
| US20180058698A1 (en) * | 2016-08-23 | 2018-03-01 | General Electric Technology Gmbh | Tempered Ammonia Injection For Gas Turbine Selective Catalyst Reduction System |
| DE102016224116A1 (de) | 2016-12-05 | 2018-06-07 | Sms Group Gmbh | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur NOx-Minderung in Abgasströmen metallurgischer Gefäße und Öfen |
-
2022
- 2022-02-16 DE DE102022201570.3A patent/DE102022201570A1/de active Pending
-
2023
- 2023-02-13 WO PCT/EP2023/053465 patent/WO2023156330A1/de not_active Ceased
- 2023-02-13 US US18/838,525 patent/US20250161871A1/en active Pending
- 2023-02-13 EP EP23705498.6A patent/EP4479162A1/de active Pending
- 2023-02-13 CA CA3248187A patent/CA3248187A1/en active Pending
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| US20250161871A1 (en) | 2025-05-22 |
| DE102022201570A1 (de) | 2023-08-17 |
| WO2023156330A1 (de) | 2023-08-24 |
| CA3248187A1 (en) | 2025-07-10 |
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