EP4473231A1 - Anordnung zum betätigen eines schaltelementes eines getriebes - Google Patents
Anordnung zum betätigen eines schaltelementes eines getriebesInfo
- Publication number
- EP4473231A1 EP4473231A1 EP23703158.8A EP23703158A EP4473231A1 EP 4473231 A1 EP4473231 A1 EP 4473231A1 EP 23703158 A EP23703158 A EP 23703158A EP 4473231 A1 EP4473231 A1 EP 4473231A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- pawl
- course
- contact surface
- shift
- contact
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16H—GEARING
- F16H63/00—Control outputs from the control unit to change-speed- or reversing-gearings for conveying rotary motion or to other devices than the final output mechanism
- F16H63/02—Final output mechanisms therefor; Actuating means for the final output mechanisms
- F16H63/30—Constructional features of the final output mechanisms
- F16H63/34—Locking or disabling mechanisms
- F16H63/3408—Locking or disabling mechanisms the locking mechanism being moved by the final actuating mechanism
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B62—LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
- B62M—RIDER PROPULSION OF WHEELED VEHICLES OR SLEDGES; POWERED PROPULSION OF SLEDGES OR SINGLE-TRACK CYCLES; TRANSMISSIONS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR SUCH VEHICLES
- B62M25/00—Actuators for gearing speed-change mechanisms specially adapted for cycles
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16H—GEARING
- F16H63/00—Control outputs from the control unit to change-speed- or reversing-gearings for conveying rotary motion or to other devices than the final output mechanism
- F16H63/02—Final output mechanisms therefor; Actuating means for the final output mechanisms
- F16H63/30—Constructional features of the final output mechanisms
- F16H63/34—Locking or disabling mechanisms
- F16H63/3416—Parking lock mechanisms or brakes in the transmission
- F16H63/3425—Parking lock mechanisms or brakes in the transmission characterised by pawls or wheels
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60Y—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO ASPECTS CROSS-CUTTING VEHICLE TECHNOLOGY
- B60Y2200/00—Type of vehicle
- B60Y2200/10—Road Vehicles
- B60Y2200/13—Bicycles; Tricycles
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60Y—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO ASPECTS CROSS-CUTTING VEHICLE TECHNOLOGY
- B60Y2200/00—Type of vehicle
- B60Y2200/90—Vehicles comprising electric prime movers
- B60Y2200/91—Electric vehicles
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B62—LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
- B62M—RIDER PROPULSION OF WHEELED VEHICLES OR SLEDGES; POWERED PROPULSION OF SLEDGES OR SINGLE-TRACK CYCLES; TRANSMISSIONS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR SUCH VEHICLES
- B62M11/00—Transmissions characterised by the use of interengaging toothed wheels or frictionally-engaging wheels
- B62M11/04—Transmissions characterised by the use of interengaging toothed wheels or frictionally-engaging wheels of changeable ratio
- B62M11/14—Transmissions characterised by the use of interengaging toothed wheels or frictionally-engaging wheels of changeable ratio with planetary gears
- B62M11/145—Transmissions characterised by the use of interengaging toothed wheels or frictionally-engaging wheels of changeable ratio with planetary gears built in, or adjacent to, the bottom bracket
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16H—GEARING
- F16H55/00—Elements with teeth or friction surfaces for conveying motion; Worms, pulleys or sheaves for gearing mechanisms
- F16H55/02—Toothed members; Worms
- F16H55/17—Toothed wheels
- F16H2055/176—Ring gears with inner teeth
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16H—GEARING
- F16H55/00—Elements with teeth or friction surfaces for conveying motion; Worms, pulleys or sheaves for gearing mechanisms
- F16H55/02—Toothed members; Worms
- F16H55/17—Toothed wheels
- F16H2055/178—Toothed wheels combined with clutch means, e.g. gear with integrated synchroniser clutch
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16H—GEARING
- F16H55/00—Elements with teeth or friction surfaces for conveying motion; Worms, pulleys or sheaves for gearing mechanisms
- F16H55/02—Toothed members; Worms
- F16H55/17—Toothed wheels
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16H—GEARING
- F16H63/00—Control outputs from the control unit to change-speed- or reversing-gearings for conveying rotary motion or to other devices than the final output mechanism
- F16H63/02—Final output mechanisms therefor; Actuating means for the final output mechanisms
- F16H63/08—Multiple final output mechanisms being moved by a single common final actuating mechanism
- F16H63/16—Multiple final output mechanisms being moved by a single common final actuating mechanism the final output mechanisms being successively actuated by progressive movement of the final actuating mechanism
- F16H63/18—Multiple final output mechanisms being moved by a single common final actuating mechanism the final output mechanisms being successively actuated by progressive movement of the final actuating mechanism the final actuating mechanism comprising cams
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16H—GEARING
- F16H63/00—Control outputs from the control unit to change-speed- or reversing-gearings for conveying rotary motion or to other devices than the final output mechanism
- F16H63/02—Final output mechanisms therefor; Actuating means for the final output mechanisms
- F16H63/30—Constructional features of the final output mechanisms
- F16H63/38—Detents
Definitions
- the present invention relates to an arrangement for actuating a shifting element of a transmission, in particular a bottom bracket transmission, with a shifting pawl mounted pivotably about a pivot axis and with a rotatable shifting ring with external teeth assigned to a transmission element, with a first end of the shifting pawl of the External toothing of the shift ring is assigned for locking or releasing the shift ring for shifting a gear ratio, and a second end of the pawl is assigned to a shifting gate with an alternately rising and falling course on an outer circumference of a shift drum that actuates the pawl. Furthermore, the invention relates to a bottom bracket gear with the arrangement and a bicycle or pedelec with the bottom bracket gear.
- a bottom bracket gear in a planetary gear set design for a bicycle or a pedelec with an arrangement for actuating at least one brake switching element is known.
- the bottom bracket gear has several planetary gear sets to implement different gear ratios.
- the bottom bracket gear is assigned several brake shifting elements, each of which has a brake ring assigned to a gear component, which can be locked or released via a brake pawl in order to shift a predetermined assigned gear ratio.
- the brake rings of the brake switching elements are each rotatably mounted in the housing of the bottom bracket gear.
- Each brake pawl assigned to a brake ring is actuated by a rotatably mounted shift drum which is arranged approximately axially parallel to a central axis of rotation of the bottom bracket gear.
- the brake pawl is brought into engagement with an external toothing of the brake ring. This creates corresponding reaction and actuation forces on the brake pawl and on the shift drum. Due to these forces, a correspondingly high switching torque is required, which puts a strain on the actuation of the shift drum and shift pawl.
- the present invention is therefore based on the object of proposing an arrangement and a bottom bracket gear and a bicycle or pedelec in which power shifting with the lowest possible shifting torque is made possible.
- an arrangement for actuating a shifting element, in particular a brake shifting element of a transmission, in particular a bottom bracket gear with a shifting pawl mounted pivotably about a pivot axis, in particular a brake pawl, and with a rotatable shifting ring, in particular a brake ring, associated with a transmission element and having external teeth, wherein a first end of the pawl is assigned to the outer toothing of the shifting ring for locking or releasing the shifting ring for shifting a gear ratio, and a second end of the pawl is assigned to a shifting gate with an alternately rising and falling course on an outer circumference of a shift drum that actuates the pawl.
- a first contact line area between a contact surface profile on the first end of the switching pawl and a contact surface profile on the external toothing of the switching ring is designed in such a way that a contact line area between a first leg as a connection of the first contact line area with the pivot axis of the pawl and a second leg as a tangent to the course of the contact surface in the first contact line area formed contact pressure angle ⁇ of the pawl of about 94 ° plus / minus 3 ° is provided.
- the reaction and actuation forces occurring on the pawl are so low that a uniform shift or actuation torque over the shifting process is ensured at the lowest possible level and, in addition, no peaks in the shifting torque curve appear.
- the proposed arrangement can be used to switch under load.
- the course of the contact surface at the first end of the pawl is designed as an approximate involute course.
- the at least approximated involute curve at the first end of the pawl results in the proposed arrangement when the center point of the radius of the contact surface curve at the first end of the pawl is on a leg line through the pivot axis of the pawl, the leg line being in a Angle ⁇ of about 90° plus/minus 10° to a connection from the first contact line region to the pivot axis of the pawl.
- the course of the contact surface on the external toothing of the switching ring forms approximately a plane and thus has no radius.
- the course of the contact surface on the external teeth of the switching ring can correspond to an involute or at least an approximate involute.
- the configurations provided for the contact surface courses of the first contact line area between the first end of the ratchet pawl and the external toothing of the switching ring ensure that the first contact line area is assigned to the tip of the tooth of the external toothing.
- a tooth tip carrier is implemented as an external toothing on the switching ring.
- the contact surface profile on the shift gate along the rising or descending course is designed as at least an approximate involute course. Accordingly, an approximate or actual involute curve can be provided.
- the shift drum and the shift pawl are made of hardened steel or of an aluminum alloy with a hard-anodized surface.
- the pawl is designed as a rocker arm or as a rocker arm.
- Rocker arms are designed as two-sided levers, while rocker arms are designed as one-sided levers.
- the shift drum is assigned to an oil sump of the transmission. In this way, sufficient oil is available for lubricating the shift drum.
- a further aspect of the invention is a bottom bracket transmission with at least one arrangement for shifting shifting elements, in particular brake shifting elements, as described above, resulting in the advantages already described and other advantages.
- a next aspect of the invention is a bicycle or pedelec with the above-described bottom bracket gear, resulting in the advantages already described and others.
- FIG. 1 shows a schematic sectional partial view of a possible embodiment variant of an arrangement according to the invention for actuating a shifting element of a transmission;
- FIG. 2 shows an enlarged detailed view of a first contact line region between a contact surface profile on a first end of a pawl and a contact surface profile on an external toothing of a switching ring of the arrangement;
- FIG. 3 shows a detailed view of the ratchet according to FIG. 1 inserted in the outer toothing of the switching ring;
- FIG. 4 shows a further detailed view of the pawl according to FIG. 1 inserted in the outer toothing of the switching ring;
- FIG. 5 shows an enlarged detailed view of a second contact line area between a contact surface profile on a second end of the shift pawl and a contact surface profile on a shift gate of a shift drum actuating the shift pawl according to FIG.
- FIGS. 1 to 5 a possible embodiment variant of an arrangement according to the invention for actuating a shifting element designed, for example, as a brake shifting element, preferably using a bottom bracket gear of a bicycle or pedelec 1, is shown as an example.
- a shifting element designed, for example, as a brake shifting element, preferably using a bottom bracket gear of a bicycle or pedelec 1
- the arrangement comprises a ratchet or brake pawl 3 mounted pivotably about a pivot axis 2 and a rotatable switching ring or brake ring 4 assigned to a transmission element and having external teeth 5, with a first end 6 of the ratchet 3 of the external teeth 5 of the switching ring 4 for Locking or releasing the shift ring 4 is assigned to shift a gear ratio, and a second end 7 of the pawl 3 is assigned to a shift gate 8 with an alternately rising and falling course on an outer circumference of a shift drum 9 that actuates a pawl 3.
- the rising or The sloping course is realized by a ramp-like, recurring mountain-valley course on the shift drum 9 as a shift gate 7 .
- a first contact line area 10 between a contact surface profile 11 on the first end 6 of the switching pawl 3 and a contact surface profile 12 on the external teeth 5 of the switching ring 4 is designed in such a way that an between a first leg as a connection 26 of the first contact line region 10 with the pivot axis 2 of the pawl 3 and a second leg as a contact surface profile 11 formed on the first contact line region 10 contact engagement angle ⁇ of the pawl 3 of about 94° plus/minus 3° is provided.
- the ability to shift under load is realized in particular when shifting down from a higher to a lower gear.
- the reaction and actuation forces on the pawl are relatively low due to the selected contact pressure angle ⁇ .
- the torque level is reduced to a minimum value overall due to the uniform actuating torque over the disengagement process of the shift pawl 3, since no torque peaks occur during the shifting process.
- connection 26 of the first contact line region 10 with the pivot axis 2 of the ratchet 3 is shifted by an angle of 4° plus/minus 2°, so that a further 90° results in the optimum contact pressure angle ⁇ of 94° plus/-2°.
- the course of the contact surface 11 at the first end 6 of the switching pawl 3 is preferably designed as an involute course or at least as an approximate involute course. As a result, the required switching torque is kept constant over the entire selection process. At least one approximate involute results as a contact surface course 11 when the radius center 20 of the contact surface course 11 is at the first end 6 of the pawl 3 on a side line 16 that is at an angle ⁇ of 90° plus/minus 10° to the connection 17 is located from the first contact line area 10 between the pawl 3 and the switching ring 4 on the contact surface course 11 to the pivot axis 2 of the pawl 3, as shown in FIG.
- the course of the contact surface 12 on the external teeth 5 of the switching ring 4 is preferably designed as a plane. However, it is conceivable that the course of the contact surface course 12 is also designed as an involute or at least an approximate involute.
- a connection 18 from a rotation axis 27 of the switching ring 4 to the first contact line region 10 is shown as the first leg and a connection 19 from the first contact line region 10 to the pivot axis 2 of the pawl 3 is shown as the second leg, with the connection 19 starting from the first leg of 90° plus angle ⁇ results.
- the lowest possible contact forces on the first contact line area 10 are ensured by the smallest possible value of the angle ⁇ .
- the angle ⁇ can also be increased, as a result of which an increase in the number of teeth on the external teeth 5 of the switching ring 4 becomes possible. As a result, the idle travel on the pedal of the bicycle or pedelec 1 can be reduced.
- the Shift gate 8 has an alternating rising and falling course on the outer circumference of the shift drum 9 .
- This ramp-shaped course is realized by the transitions from valley to peak at shift gate 8 .
- the cantilever ramp or the rising course for disengaging the shift pawl 3 in the transition from a valley to a hill at the shift gate 8 is preferably implemented in both directions in an approximate involute shape.
- the radius center 21 of the contact surface course 15 shown in detail on the shift gate 8 for laying out the shift pawl 3 lies on a leg line 22 which runs through the pivot axis 2 of the shift pawl 3 and with the perpendicular bisector 23 on the second contact line region 13 between the two extremes outermost and innermost contact lines 24, 25 is at an angle ⁇ of about 90° plus/minus 5°.
- the course of the contact surface 14 at the second end 7 of the switching pawl 3 is preferably a circular surface. It is conceivable that the course of the contact surface 14 on the pawl 3 also forms an involute course or at least an approximate involute course.
- the shift drum 9 and the shift pawl 3 are preferably made of an aluminum alloy that is hard-anodized on the surface, in order both to reduce weight and to optimize the tribological sliding properties.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Transportation (AREA)
- Gear-Shifting Mechanisms (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE102022201130.9A DE102022201130B3 (de) | 2022-02-03 | 2022-02-03 | Fahrradgetriebe-Anordnung zum Betätigen eines Schaltelementes eines Tretlagergetriebes, Tretlagergetriebe, sowie Fahrrad oder Pedelec |
| PCT/EP2023/052374 WO2023148185A1 (de) | 2022-02-03 | 2023-02-01 | Anordnung zum betätigen eines schaltelementes eines getriebes |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP4473231A1 true EP4473231A1 (de) | 2024-12-11 |
Family
ID=85172391
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP23703158.8A Pending EP4473231A1 (de) | 2022-02-03 | 2023-02-01 | Anordnung zum betätigen eines schaltelementes eines getriebes |
Country Status (5)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP4473231A1 (de) |
| CN (1) | CN118575025A (de) |
| DE (1) | DE102022201130B3 (de) |
| TW (1) | TW202332619A (de) |
| WO (1) | WO2023148185A1 (de) |
Families Citing this family (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE102023200310B3 (de) | 2023-01-17 | 2024-05-16 | Zf Friedrichshafen Ag | Tretlagergetriebe mit einer Anordnung zum Betätigen eines Bremsschaltelements |
| DE102023200743B3 (de) * | 2023-01-31 | 2024-06-20 | Zf Friedrichshafen Ag | Betätigungsanordnung für ein Getriebe und Fahrzeug |
| DE102024201650B3 (de) | 2024-02-22 | 2025-01-30 | Zf Friedrichshafen Ag | Anordnung zum Betätigen einer Sperrklinke zum Schalten einer Gangstufe bei einem Tretlagergetriebe eines Fahrrades oder Pedelecs |
| DE102024201653B3 (de) | 2024-02-22 | 2025-01-30 | Zf Friedrichshafen Ag | Anordnung zum Betätigen einer Sperrklinke zum Schalten einer Gangstufe bei einem Tretlagergetriebe eines Fahrrades oder Pedelecs |
Family Cites Families (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH06263080A (ja) | 1993-03-12 | 1994-09-20 | Bridgestone Cycle Co | 自転車用変速装置 |
| JPH06298153A (ja) | 1993-04-13 | 1994-10-25 | Bridgestone Cycle Co | 自転車用変速装置 |
| US7874955B2 (en) | 2007-09-28 | 2011-01-25 | Patterson Bicycle Transmission, Llc | Bicycle transmission system |
| EP2567888A1 (de) | 2011-09-07 | 2013-03-13 | Grzegorz Zielinski | Mehrganggetriebe für ein Fahrrad |
| DE102014202213A1 (de) | 2014-02-06 | 2015-08-06 | Zf Friedrichshafen Ag | Parksperre eines Kraftfahrzeugs |
| DE102015217013A1 (de) | 2015-09-04 | 2017-03-09 | Volkswagen Aktiengesellschaft | Getriebeanordnung und Antriebsanordnung für ein Fahrzeug |
| DE102019220044B4 (de) | 2019-12-18 | 2021-11-11 | Zf Friedrichshafen Ag | Tretlagergetriebe mit einer Anordnung zum Betätigen eines Bremsschaltelements |
| DE102019220043B4 (de) | 2019-12-18 | 2021-08-26 | Zf Friedrichshafen Ag | Tretlagergetriebe mit einer Anordnung zum Betätigen eines Bremsschaltelements |
-
2022
- 2022-02-03 DE DE102022201130.9A patent/DE102022201130B3/de active Active
- 2022-12-06 TW TW111146782A patent/TW202332619A/zh unknown
-
2023
- 2023-02-01 WO PCT/EP2023/052374 patent/WO2023148185A1/de not_active Ceased
- 2023-02-01 EP EP23703158.8A patent/EP4473231A1/de active Pending
- 2023-02-01 CN CN202380019160.8A patent/CN118575025A/zh active Pending
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN118575025A (zh) | 2024-08-30 |
| WO2023148185A1 (de) | 2023-08-10 |
| DE102022201130B3 (de) | 2023-05-25 |
| TW202332619A (zh) | 2023-08-16 |
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