EP4463332A1 - Vitrage feuillete pince a joint dont les fonctions d'etancheite et de mise en position sont dissociees - Google Patents
Vitrage feuillete pince a joint dont les fonctions d'etancheite et de mise en position sont dissocieesInfo
- Publication number
- EP4463332A1 EP4463332A1 EP23703631.4A EP23703631A EP4463332A1 EP 4463332 A1 EP4463332 A1 EP 4463332A1 EP 23703631 A EP23703631 A EP 23703631A EP 4463332 A1 EP4463332 A1 EP 4463332A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- glass
- sheet
- laminated glazing
- adhesive layer
- intermediate adhesive
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
- B32B2307/40—Properties of the layers or laminate having particular optical properties
- B32B2307/412—Transparent
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
- B32B2307/70—Other properties
- B32B2307/732—Dimensional properties
- B32B2307/737—Dimensions, e.g. volume or area
- B32B2307/7375—Linear, e.g. length, distance or width
- B32B2307/7376—Thickness
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2333/00—Polymers of unsaturated acids or derivatives thereof
- B32B2333/04—Polymers of esters
- B32B2333/12—Polymers of methacrylic acid esters, e.g. PMMA, i.e. polymethylmethacrylate
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2605/00—Vehicles
- B32B2605/18—Aircraft
Definitions
- This application relates to pinched glazing, which must guarantee a sealing function at the interface with the structure in which they are installed.
- a pinched glazing is fixed to an assembly structure (for example the cabin of a commercial aircraft) by means of a window-presser (also called “rapplique”) which presses the glazing against the structure.
- the periphery of clamped (or pinched) glazing is traditionally made by overmolding a seal (silicone or equivalent).
- This seal provides the dual function of sealing with the mounting structure and positioning the equipment in this structure, which delimits an interior volume, pressurized or not. There may therefore exist a pressure differential between the inner and outer main faces of the glazing.
- the sealing function is ensured by the presence of lips (one or more), located on one or both of the surfaces in contact (windscreen press side and/or structure side).
- lips one or more
- Different embodiments have been imagined in recent decades, including zero to three lips, in interior or exterior parts.
- Positioning is ensured by clamping the backplate to the structure, compressing the entire seal (body + lips).
- the two functions of sealing and positioning are carried out by an operation (clamping) compressing a part (complete seal) composed of a single material, such as silicone.
- the known technique binds and limits the performance of one relative to the other.
- the system is similar to the serial connection of two springs framing the glazing, all inserted between the structure and the window press. Glazing, structure and ice-presser can be considered as infinitely rigid.
- the interior, respectively exterior parts of the seal separate a surface of the glazing oriented towards the interior volume (of the commercial aircraft, for example of the cockpit) in the assembly position, and the assembly structure, respectively a surface of the glazing oriented towards the outside atmosphere in the assembly position, and the glass press.
- These inner and outer parts of the joint can be modeled by springs of variable stiffness depending on the shape and the material used.
- the ratio of the stiffnesses and the free thicknesses of the inner and outer seals depends on the position of the outer surface of the glazing with respect to the window press (misflush), without pressure differential between the two faces of the glazing.
- the stiffness of the outer seal determines the displacement of the glazing under pressure, and therefore the development of misalignment during a flight. A lower stiffness produces a greater displacement of the glazing.
- the current technique partially resolves this antagonism by adjusting the shape of the lips and therefore for a given material (constant Young's modulus) the stiffness.
- the material used is a silicone seal chosen for its durability, processability and environmental performance (temperature resistance, compatibility with fluids, adhesion, etc.). The material being fixed, there remains only the shape of the lips to adjust the stiffness and fix the sealing / holding in position compromise.
- the inventors have imagined separating the sealing part from the position-holding part.
- the principle is the paralleling of springs of different stiffnesses, one guaranteeing the positioning (high stiffness and low amplitude deformation) and the other sealing (low stiffness and large amplitude of deformation).
- the flexible part can be made by design (tapered shape such as a comma, etc.) or by a material (low Young's modulus). The maximum displacement, and therefore the associated effect, will be limited by the reduced deformation of the stiff part which will hold it in position.
- the desired object has been achieved by the invention which, more specifically, relates to a laminated glazing comprising at least a first sheet of protective glass and a structural block comprising at least a second sheet of glass bonded to the first via a first intermediate adhesive layer and optionally at least one third glass sheet bonded to the second via at least one optional second intermediate adhesive layer, the first glass sheet being intended to constitute the surface laminated glazing in contact with the outside atmosphere, in which the edge of the first sheet of glass is recessed with respect to that of the second and of said at least one optional third sheet of glass, the edge of the first sheet of glass and of the first intermediate adhesive layer, the peripheral surface of the second sheet of glass projecting from the first sheet of glass, the edge of the second sheet of glass, of said at least one optional second intermediate adhesive layer and of said at least one optional third sheet of glass, and a peripheral part of the free surface of the sheet constituting the main surface of the laminated glazing opposite to that formed by the first sheet of glass, are covered by a seal at the air and water, and protection against solar radiation and fluids
- the structural block provides the mechanical strength required for each application of the laminated glazing concerned, in particular with regard to possible pressurization of the delimited interior volume, and to the aerodynamic pressure proportional to the speed of movement of the laminated glazing.
- the building block may consist only of the single said second sheet of glass, then called structural sheet having an elastic modulus at least equal to 1500 MPa for example.
- the structural block may consist of said second sheet of glass bonded to said third sheet of glass by means of said second intermediate adhesive layer.
- the structural block can also comprise more than two sheets of glass, two such consecutive sheets being bonded by an intermediate adhesive layer.
- the first sheet of glass is a thin sheet of non-structural protection, that is to say not providing the mechanical resistance required for monolithic glazing for example, and its main face internal to the laminated structure carries a network of wires or a thin layer such as indium oxide doped with tin (Indium Tin Oxide - ITO -), silver, gold or equivalent, anti-icing / de-icing electrical conductors .
- tin Indium Tin Oxide - ITO -
- silver gold or equivalent, anti-icing / de-icing electrical conductors .
- the seal to air and water, and protection against solar radiation and fluids is a peripheral seal made of elastomeric polymer material, in particular injectable or implemented by extrusion, such as silicone , polyurethane (PU), polysulphide elastomer.
- said protrusions extend in the direction perpendicular to the peripheral surface of the second sheet of glass projecting from the first sheet of glass, up to the ice-press on the one hand, and/or along the direction perpendicular to a peripheral part of the free surface of the sheet constituting the main surface of the laminated glazing opposite to that formed by the first sheet of glass, as far as the assembly structure, on the other hand. All the protrusions are in contact with the window presser and/or the mounting structure, in the mounting position of the assembly, i.e. clamping / fixing of the window presser on the mounting structure, the flexible protrusions being, in particular, “crushed” on the screen-presser and/or the mounting structure until the rigid protrusions abut against them.
- the laminated glazing comprises at least one third sheet of glass connected to the second sheet of glass by a second intermediate adhesive layer.
- This structure can be perfectly functional as commercial aircraft cockpit glazing, for example.
- said at least one relatively rigid protrusion is made of a material with a Young's modulus of between 10 and 20,000 MPa and said at least one relatively flexible protrusion is made of a material with a Young's modulus of between 0, 01 and 100 MPa, significantly lower than that of the material of the relatively rigid excrescence.
- the first sheet of glass is made of mineral glass with a thickness of between 0.5 and 5, preferably between 2 and 4 mm, or of a polymer material such as poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) d thickness between 0.5 and 5 mm. It is a non-structural protection sheet of the underlying structural block.
- a mineral glass designates here for example a soda-lime, aluminosilicate, borosilicate glass, optionally hardened, thermally toughened, or chemically reinforced.
- Other transparent polymer materials than PMMA can be used, in particular polycarbonate (PC), poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET) or polyurethane (PU).
- PC polycarbonate
- PET poly(ethylene terephthalate)
- PU polyurethane
- the second sheet of glass, and if necessary the third sheet of glass, or even the following ones, are made of mineral glass with a thickness of between 1.6 and 10 mm, or of a polymer material such as poly(methacrylate of methyl) (PMMA) with a thickness of between 3 and 30, preferably at most 20 mm.
- PMMA poly(methacrylate of methyl)
- the first interlayer adhesive layer, and if necessary the second interlayer adhesive layer, or even the following ones are made of thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU), polyvinyl butyral (PVB), ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer (EVA), ionomer resin , casting resin,
- TPU thermoplastic polyurethane
- PVB polyvinyl butyral
- EVA ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer
- ionomer resin casting resin
- the thickness of the first intermediate adhesive layer is between 3 and 10, preferably 4 and 8 mm
- the thickness of the second optional intermediate adhesive layer and, where appropriate, of the following layers is between 0, 5 and 4, preferably at most equal to 2 mm.
- Another object of the invention consists in the application of a laminated glazing as described above to a pinched glazing, of the aeronautical type (cockpit and window) for pressurized or non-pressurized aircraft with fixed or rotary wings, railway, armored vehicle, or boat (wheelhouse, porthole). Mention is made of a long or medium-haul commercial aircraft cockpit glazing.
- FIG. 1 schematically represents in section a laminated glazing of the prior art
- FIG. 2 schematically represents in section a first shape of the first main variant of a laminated glazing according to the invention
- FIG. 3 schematically represents in section a second form of this first main variant
- FIG. 4 schematically represents in section the second main variant of a laminated glazing according to the invention.
- a third sheet of glass 5 8 mm thick is bonded to the second 3 by a second interlayer adhesive layer 4 of polyvinyl butyral (PVB) 2 mm thick.
- PVB polyvinyl butyral
- edges of the second and third glass sheets 3, 5 are optionally protected from shocks by sheets of relatively hard elastomer, not shown.
- the edge of the first glass sheet 1 is set back from that of the second 3.
- the edge of the first glass sheet 1, the edge of the first intermediate adhesive layer 2 and part of the surface of the second sheet of glass 3 overflowing from the first sheet of glass 1 is covered by a gasket 7 for airtightness and watertightness, made of silicone.
- a drop of polysulphide covers in particular the interface between the first sheet of glass 1, the gasket 7 for airtightness and watertightness, the ice-press 20 and the mounting structure 10 , so as to provide the laminated glazing with aerodynamic continuity between glazing and mounting structure 10 such as an aircraft structure, and good inertness to process fluids such as aeronautical fluids, cleaning products, degreaser, glycol for ground de-icing and the like.
- the outer surface of the silicone seal 7 has a sealing lip 71 vis-à-vis the window press 20, and three sealing lips 72 vis-à-vis the mounting structure 10.
- the silicone seal 7 has a lateral projection 73 for abutment, support and sliding on the assembly structure 10.
- a shim of thickness 70 (or stiffening) in a material harder than the silicone is inserted so as to guarantee that the laminated glazing is held in its mounting position, by exerting some pressure, such as pinching.
- the 70 shim is solid, but may have recesses.
- the face of the glass sheet 1 facing the inside of the laminated structure carries a heating layer, consisting of indium oxide doped with tin (ITO in English for Indium Tin Oxide) or equivalent such as gold, silver multilayer, ZnO:Al, SnO2:F, etc.
- the heating layer is effective in defrosting the outer surface of the glass sheet 1 .
- a sealing mastic 6 consisting of polysulphide sealingly obstructs the periphery of the first intermediate adhesive layer 2, between the first and second sheets of glass 1, 3.
- the laminated glazing is fixed to the cabin 10 of the commercial aircraft by means of a window press 20 (or rapplique) bolted to the cabin 10, and which presses on the overhang of the second sheet of glass 3 with respect to the first 1, support exerted via the seal 7 in silicone, of which, in particular, the lips 71, 72 ensure the seal between the seal 7 in silicone and the rapplique 20 on the one hand, the mounting structure 10 on the other hand.
- a window press 20 or rapplique
- a laminated glazing according to the invention differs from those of the known technique by its joint 7 in silicone.
- This comprises two protrusions 74 of relatively low height (or depth), surrounding a protrusion 75 of relatively large height (or depth).
- the three protrusions 74, 75 extend in the direction perpendicular to the peripheral surface of the second sheet of glass 3 projecting from the first sheet of glass 1, up to the ice-press 20, at least in a state (not shown) of assembly, fixing, bolting, clamping of the ice-press 20 on the assembly structure 10.
- the two protrusions (or lips) 74 are made of a relatively rigid material having a Young's modulus of 10 MPa, while the excrescence (lip) 75 is made of a flexible material having a Young's modulus of 0.1 MPa
- the excrescence 75 is glued or overmoulded.
- protrusions not shown, equivalent and similar to protrusions 74, 75 are likely to extend in the direction perpendicular to a peripheral part of the free surface of sheet 5 (constituting the main surface of the laminated glazing opposite to that formed by the first sheet of glass 1), on the lower surface of the gasket 7, as far as the assembly structure (10), after clamping of the glass press 20 on the assembly structure.
- the seal 7 according to the invention is another embodiment of the main variant of Figure 2, in which it is the protrusion or lip 74 of low height or depth, relatively rigid , which is framed between two protrusions 75 of greater height - depth, more flexible, on the material of which it is glued or molded.
- Figure 4 shows another main variant of the laminated glazing of the invention, in which the silicone gasket 7 is made of the sole rigid material of the gaskets shown in Figures 2 and 3, and the flexible lip 76 is obtained by a comma tapered profile.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Aviation & Aerospace Engineering (AREA)
- Joining Of Glass To Other Materials (AREA)
- Securing Of Glass Panes Or The Like (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| FR2200271A FR3131710B1 (fr) | 2022-01-13 | 2022-01-13 | Vitrage feuilleté pincé à joint dont les fonctions d’étanchéité et de mise en position sont dissociées |
| PCT/FR2023/050032 WO2023135387A1 (fr) | 2022-01-13 | 2023-01-10 | Vitrage feuillete pince a joint dont les fonctions d'etancheite et de mise en position sont dissociees |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP4463332A1 true EP4463332A1 (fr) | 2024-11-20 |
Family
ID=81346445
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP23703631.4A Withdrawn EP4463332A1 (fr) | 2022-01-13 | 2023-01-10 | Vitrage feuillete pince a joint dont les fonctions d'etancheite et de mise en position sont dissociees |
Country Status (5)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US20250083415A1 (fr) |
| EP (1) | EP4463332A1 (fr) |
| CN (1) | CN118541275A (fr) |
| FR (1) | FR3131710B1 (fr) |
| WO (1) | WO2023135387A1 (fr) |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN118024685B (zh) * | 2024-02-06 | 2026-02-10 | 福耀玻璃工业集团股份有限公司 | 夹层玻璃以及车辆 |
Family Cites Families (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FR2612174B1 (fr) * | 1987-03-10 | 1992-06-12 | Saint Gobain Vitrage | Vitrage feuillete et procede de montage |
| FR2766515B1 (fr) * | 1997-07-23 | 1999-09-03 | Saint Gobain Vitrage | Kit pour le montage d'un vitrage feuillete coulissant dans un cockpit d'avion |
| FR2830236B1 (fr) * | 2001-10-02 | 2004-02-27 | Airbus France | Dispositif de fixation d'un pare-brise d'aeronef |
| US6818281B2 (en) * | 2002-07-30 | 2004-11-16 | Ppg Industries Ohio, Inc. | Insert for windshield assembly |
-
2022
- 2022-01-13 FR FR2200271A patent/FR3131710B1/fr not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2023
- 2023-01-10 CN CN202380016744.XA patent/CN118541275A/zh active Pending
- 2023-01-10 WO PCT/FR2023/050032 patent/WO2023135387A1/fr not_active Ceased
- 2023-01-10 EP EP23703631.4A patent/EP4463332A1/fr not_active Withdrawn
- 2023-01-10 US US18/728,346 patent/US20250083415A1/en active Pending
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN118541275A (zh) | 2024-08-23 |
| FR3131710A1 (fr) | 2023-07-14 |
| FR3131710B1 (fr) | 2023-12-29 |
| US20250083415A1 (en) | 2025-03-13 |
| WO2023135387A1 (fr) | 2023-07-20 |
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