EP4433774A1 - Verfahren zur bestimmung von ortspunkten auf einer emaillierten oberfläche, insbesondere einer emaillierten innenwandung eines behälters - Google Patents
Verfahren zur bestimmung von ortspunkten auf einer emaillierten oberfläche, insbesondere einer emaillierten innenwandung eines behältersInfo
- Publication number
- EP4433774A1 EP4433774A1 EP22818369.5A EP22818369A EP4433774A1 EP 4433774 A1 EP4433774 A1 EP 4433774A1 EP 22818369 A EP22818369 A EP 22818369A EP 4433774 A1 EP4433774 A1 EP 4433774A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- point
- trough
- enamelled
- wall
- container
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B21/00—Measuring arrangements or details thereof, where the measuring technique is not covered by the other groups of this subclass, unspecified or not relevant
- G01B21/02—Measuring arrangements or details thereof, where the measuring technique is not covered by the other groups of this subclass, unspecified or not relevant for measuring length, width, or thickness
- G01B21/04—Measuring arrangements or details thereof, where the measuring technique is not covered by the other groups of this subclass, unspecified or not relevant for measuring length, width, or thickness by measuring coordinates of points
- G01B21/047—Accessories, e.g. for positioning, for tool-setting, for measuring probes
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a method with which local points on an enamelled surface, in particular on an enamelled inner wall of process engineering containers, can be localized in a simple, reproducible manner, as well as a container or enamelled component that is prepared for the inventive method.
- Local points within the meaning of the invention are in particular points at which measurements are taken, in particular measurements that are repeated at time intervals and that are to be taken at exactly the same position in order to be able to make reliable statements about changes in state.
- Enamelling of surfaces is often intended for containers and container components for process engineering applications, for example in chemistry and pharmacy, where aggressive media are used or arise during processing in order to protect the surfaces that come into contact with the product.
- These enamels are very durable and can provide versatility. In particular, they are very resistant to acids and extremely resistant to corrosion.
- the enamelling is defect-free, self-contained and sufficiently thick and completely covers the underlying steel surface, especially in the areas that come into contact with the medium.
- defects including a wear-related reduction in the thickness of the enamel can occur, particularly on the inner walls of the containers that come into contact with the product.
- Procedural glass-lined containers must therefore be regularly inspected and checked.
- the integrity of the enamel inside a container is checked as part of such inspections.
- This inspection usually includes a visual inspection of the enamel, an inspection for pores and a layer thickness inspection.
- a wide variety of markings are proposed as reference points for determining location points, such as colored markings, glued-on reference points or the use of raised geometries.
- these proposals have the disadvantage that a marking that is applied to an enamelled surface can be covered by adhering container contents and can no longer be found, colored markings usually have a lower chemical resistance than the enamel and are washed off as a result of corrosion or be corroded away.
- raised geometries such as tabs, bolts, spot welds, etc. on enamelling is not possible, since this would impair or damage the enamel layer.
- Another proposed solution is to use markings projected by lighting technology as reference points.
- the projection system must be positioned and installed at a suitable, known location in order to be able to generate projected markings on the surface.
- the reflective properties of enamelled surfaces (reflection) it is difficult to project points of light.
- US 2019/0086195 A1 describes a non-contact light-optical measuring method for measuring distances on rotating components, a concave dent being provided on the surface of the rotating component, which can have a treated surface to increase the reflection of a laser beam, e.g. B. can be enameled the surface of the dent.
- a concave dent being provided on the surface of the rotating component, which can have a treated surface to increase the reflection of a laser beam, e.g. B. can be enameled the surface of the dent.
- This is intended to solve the problem that, with this light-optical measuring method, the intensity of a reflected laser beam used for the measurement decreases over time, making precise evaluation more difficult.
- a comparison is made with a defined laser beam, which is reflected at the concave dent, with the deviations obtained being used to control the intensity.
- DE 16 73 886 A describes a three-point support for precise and reliable measurement of workpieces using a measuring stand, with a support corresponding to a small foot being provided at each of the three corners.
- this three-point support it is not possible with this three-point support to clearly determine the position of a point in space, since the three-point support can be moved on the surface, as a result of which at least two spatial directions are not defined and consequently cannot be measured reproducibly.
- the layer thickness of the enamel layer can also vary by up to 1 mm.
- this problem of precisely reproducible localization of a location on enamelled surfaces, in particular on enamelled inner walls of a container, is solved by providing at least one trough-shaped depression as a reference point on the enamelled surface.
- the trough-shaped depression is also referred to as a "dent" for the present description.
- the at least one dent is advantageously already produced during the manufacture of the enamelled container.
- a recess is provided at a desired position in the surface of the metal body, for example the container, an installation part, etc., before the enamelling, and then the enamel layer is applied to the surface including the surface of the dent.
- the dent created in this way can easily be found on the finished enamelled surface at any time, even during the course of the process.
- the dent according to the invention can itself represent the point to be localized, for example for repeated measurements, or serve as a reference point for determining a location point that can thus be reliably found again.
- At least three dents are provided at predetermined positions in the container wall.
- This arrangement of at least three dents as a reference point allows a reproducible localization of a selected point by means of trilateration, which is known per se. The exact position of a point can be reliably determined by knowing the distance from this point to each of the three dents.
- three dents are arranged to form a triangle.
- the measuring point to be defined is within the triangle spanned by the dents on the wall.
- the arrangement of the dents in the form of a triangle is used to fix and align an appropriately dimensioned three-legged device, which is prepared for receiving a measuring device such as a measuring device or probe, also referred to as a three-legged holding device.
- the dents which are aligned and arranged in a defined manner in relation to one another, result in a three-point reference that allows a measuring device to be positioned with repeat accuracy.
- the three-point reference spans a defined triangle, with the intersection of the centroid of the triangle and the component surface forming a fixed and precise, reproducible and localizable intersection, for example.
- the three-legged holding device has feet or the like on each leg, which fit exactly to the dents, so that they sit firmly in the dents and cannot be displaced laterally.
- the three-legged holding device can be configured symmetrically or asymmetrically.
- a magnet, suction cup, adhesive or the like can be provided on the feet in order to improve the hold on the wall.
- the three-legged holding device is inserted in the correct alignment in the three-point reference so that the measuring device always comes to rest in exactly the same position and the measurement always takes place at the same point.
- the three-point reference in connection with the holding device ensures that the measuring device can be aligned in an exactly reproducible orientation.
- the dents are designed in such a way that they do not, or at most only slightly, impair the functionality and usage properties of the component or the container and allow flawless enamelling.
- An essential criterion for process engineering containers is the pressure-maintaining capacity.
- dents according to the invention on the enamelled inner walls of containers expediently have a design that does not affect the pressure-holding capacity of the container, or at most only slightly.
- the depth of the dent should generally not be greater than 50% of the wall thickness of the container (without enamelling) and the diameter of the dent should be significantly smaller than the diameter of the container.
- the shape of the dent should conform to the general requirements for an enamelable surface.
- the dent has the shape of a spherical segment with rounded edges, the sphere having a diameter D of at least 10 mm to 50 mm, in particular 25 mm +/-5 mm, and the radius RK of the rounded Edge at least 3 mm up to 8 mm, in particular 6 mm +/- 2 mm.
- the depth t of the dent is at least 3 mm to 25 mm, in particular 3 mm to 7.5 mm.
- the dent can be enameled with an enamel that differs from the enamel on the rest of the surface, for example with a different color.
- the dents or the three-point arrangement of dents to a three-point reference are preferably attached to positions on the enamelled component that are representative of the respective local stress, so that measurement results that are as meaningful as possible can be obtained.
- the number, position and orientation of the dents or reference three-points can be freely selected depending on requirements and application.
- the three dents of the three-point reference can expediently be arranged in the form of an asymmetrical triangle with a precisely defined positioning.
- the present invention can also suitably be used in conjunction with a localization technique based on the principle of triangulation for the reproducible localization of points on the inner surface and in the inner volume of glass-lined apparatus.
- a system can be installed near or in a dent, which serves as a reference point for this ordering technology.
- Radio-based is an example of a suitable ordering technology that works on the basis of the triangulation principle RedFIR® ordering technology from the Fraunhofer Society (htps://www.iis.fraunhofer.de/de/ff/lv/lok/proj/redfir.html). This radio-based ordering technology from the Fraunhofer Society enables the localization of optically concealed objects with high accuracy in real time.
- the dents and reference three-points according to the invention can be introduced not only in newly manufactured apparatus and components, but also as part of a re-enameling and, if necessary, a local repair of the enamelling.
- the present invention can also be used for apparatus and components made of other materials and for other coatings.
- FIG. 1 shows a top view of a section of a container wall with enamelling and a trough-shaped depression according to the invention
- FIG. 2 shows a longitudinal section through the detail according to FIG. 1 including through the trough-shaped depression
- Figure 3 is a longitudinal section through a container with enamelled
- FIG. 4 shows the longitudinal section according to FIG. 3 with an illustration of the determination of a location point by means of trilateration
- Figures 5a, b, c an example of an arrangement of trough-shaped depressions as a three-point reference in combination with a three-legged holding device and alignment of a measuring sensor for a layer thickness measuring device
- Figure ß the left half of a longitudinal section through a process engineering container with arrangements of the trough-like depression according to the invention as
- Figures 7a, b, c examples of built-in parts for a process engineering container with the arrangement of the trough-like depression as a three-point reference
- FIG. 8a a drawing template for a three-point reference
- FIG. 8b a three-leg marking aid for marking the positions of the trough-shaped depressions of a three-point reference
- FIG. 8c shows a three-legged test device for producing a three-point reference from trough-shaped depressions.
- FIG. 1 shows a schematic detail of a curved wall of a process engineering container with a steel wall 1, enamel coating 2 on the inner wall and a trough-shaped indentation (dent) 3 on the enamelled wall.
- FIG. 2 An advantageous embodiment of the dent 3, as shown in Figure 1, is shown in Figure 2 as a schematic cross section through the container wall made of steel wall 1 and enamelling 2 on the inner surface of the steel wall 1.
- the dent 3 has the shape of a spherical segment with a rounded edge RK 4
- this shape takes into account the specifications for the pressure-holding capacity of the container with a depth t that is less than 50% of the thickness of the wall 1, as well as for a perfect enamelling by the rounding of the edge 4.
- the specification D/2 denotes the radius of the sphere whose spherical segment is the dent 3, with the point x forming the center of this sphere.
- location points for measurements can be reproducibly determined with the aid of the trilateration method.
- Two dents, 3.1 and 3.3 are located opposite one another in this example in the upper area of the container, and a third dent 3.2 on the edge area of the bottom. As shown in FIG. 4, a selected location P can be found again at any time with the aid of dents 3.1, 3.2 and 3.3 by determining the distance from location P to dents 3.1 (S1), 3.2 (S2) and 3.3 (S3).
- FIGS. 5a, b and c An example of the determination of a location using a three-point reference 5 and a correspondingly designed three-leg holding device 6 and carrying out a layer thickness measurement at the location defined in this way is shown in FIGS. 5a, b and c.
- Figure 5a shows an area of a wall 1 with enamelling 2 with a reference tripod 5 made of three dents attached thereto and a correspondingly prepared three-legged holding device 6.
- the holding device 6 has a holder 7 for a measuring device 9, such as a measuring device, measuring probe or the like.
- the measuring point to be determined lies within the triangle spanned by the dents and expediently corresponds to the area of the holding device 6 on which a holder 7 for a measuring device 9 is located.
- a foot 8 At the free ends of the legs is a foot 8, which engages in the dent in the applied state.
- the feet 8 have a configuration that fits the dent precisely, in the present case a curvature that fits the dent precisely.
- the arched foot 8 comes to sit in the dent during use. It is held firmly and securely by the dent.
- the feet 8 can be provided with adhesives that improve retention in the dents.
- Adhesives can be magnetic, or suction cups, adhesives, or the like.
- the holding device 6 is inserted into the three-point reference 5
- the holder 7 for receiving the measuring device is always located exactly above the same point on the wall (see FIG. 5b).
- FIG. 5c The measurement process is shown in FIG. 5c.
- a sensor 9.1 of a layer thickness measuring device is placed in a U-shaped recess as a holder 7 of the three-legged holding device 6.
- the U-shaped recess of the holder 7 corresponds to the dimensions of the measuring sensor 9.1, so that the measuring sensor 9.1 can always be brought into the same position in an exactly reproducible manner.
- the three-point reference 5 with the corresponding three-leg holding device 6 allows a particularly simple, reproducible determination of measurement points and thus enables position-accurate repeat measurements, which are required for precise trend predictions.
- a three-point reference 5 is provided on the areas of a container wall that are particularly representative of the measured values to be determined. These are, for example, in the case of process engineering containers, as shown schematically in FIG. Axis of the reactor, as well as in the area at risk of wear on the lower floor in the vicinity of the bottom outlet nozzle 12, again preferably on the O° axis of the reactor.
- a three-point reference 5 of dents for the reproducible positioning of a measuring device by means of a three-legged holding device 6 can be provided in selected areas.
- a reference three-point 5 can be on the upper side and/or underside of an agitator blade 13 in the area of the blade end ( Figure 7a), on one side at the lower end of the paddle of a baffle 14 or multitube ( Figure 7b), or close above the lowest ground joint of an agitator shaft 15 ( Figure 7c) may be provided.
- a perimeter 16 with three inner circles 17 has proven useful as a template for the drawing, the three inner circles 17 being arranged along the perimeter inside the perimeter 16 and having a common circular arc section 18 with the perimeter 16, as shown in FIG. 8a.
- the inner circles define the three locations of the dents.
- the diameter of the circumference 16 is expediently selected such that the inner circles 17 do not touch and the distance between the inner circles 17 is large enough for the measurement to be carried out.
- one of the inner circles 17 can be identified separately, for example as a filled-in circle 17a as shown in FIG. 8a.
- the template for a three-point reference 5 recorded in this way at the desired position on the container wall is given a number.
- the position of the three-point reference 5 is recorded by specifying the height and angular position. In the case of standing containers, the usual angular position is on the 0° axis, e.g. below the manhole.
- a three-leg marking aid 19 (see FIG. 8b), the dimensions of which correspond to the dimensions of the three-leg holding device 6, can be used to mark the outlines of the three dents on the surface of the steel wall.
- the marking aid 19 has a through hole 20 at the free ends of the three legs as a template for marking out the dent shape.
- the through hole 20 can be provided at the free ends in the form of a correspondingly dimensioned piece of hollow pipe.
- a center punch 21 for scratching the surface of the wall is already shown in FIG. 8b.
- the marking aid 19 has an adjustable foot 22, here in FIG. 8b below the area where the three legs meet.
- the leg arrangement can be rotatably mounted on the adjustable foot 22, as a result of which the through-holes 20 as a template can be brought into the correct position in a simple manner by rotation.
- the marking aid 19 thus enables the indentations of the three-point reference 5 to be marked precisely on a surface, for example an inner wall of a container.
- the enamelling is carried out according to the specifications of the respective firing card, whereby the layer thickness of the enamelling in the dents should be checked after each firing as a precaution. If necessary, the enamel in the dents can be ground down.
- test triangle 23 can be used for the test, as shown in FIG. 8c. Its dimensions, including the dimensions of the legs and feet, also correspond to the dimensions of the holding device 6. In particular, the lower end 24 of the feet is curved, with the dimensions of the bulges 24 corresponding to the desired dent shape.
- test triangle 23 with the bulges 24 of the feet sits tightly in the dents and cannot be moved laterally or twisted.
- the layer thickness of the final enamelling is measured by inserting a holding device 6 with a layer thickness measuring device in the indentations of the three-point reference 5.
- the coating thickness measuring device or measuring probe of a coating thickness measuring device is held securely by the suitably designed holder 7 .
- the three-point reference 5 according to the invention enables a precise alignment of the holding device 6 and thus of a measuring device for the reproducible and location-accurate detection of a defined measuring point.
- the three-point reference 5 according to the invention expediently in combination with the holding device 6, allows measurements to be carried out precisely, repeatedly and in a precise location in a simple manner.
Landscapes
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Length Measuring Devices With Unspecified Measuring Means (AREA)
- A Measuring Device Byusing Mechanical Method (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE102021130292.7A DE102021130292A1 (de) | 2021-11-19 | 2021-11-19 | Verfahren zur Bestimmung von Ortspunkten auf einer emaillierten Oberfläche, insbesondere einer emaillierten Innenwandung eines Behälters |
| PCT/EP2022/082296 WO2023089039A1 (de) | 2021-11-19 | 2022-11-17 | Verfahren zur bestimmung von ortspunkten auf einer emaillierten oberfläche, insbesondere einer emaillierten innenwandung eines behälters |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP4433774A1 true EP4433774A1 (de) | 2024-09-25 |
Family
ID=84421219
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP22818369.5A Pending EP4433774A1 (de) | 2021-11-19 | 2022-11-17 | Verfahren zur bestimmung von ortspunkten auf einer emaillierten oberfläche, insbesondere einer emaillierten innenwandung eines behälters |
Country Status (4)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US20240337484A1 (de) |
| EP (1) | EP4433774A1 (de) |
| DE (1) | DE102021130292A1 (de) |
| WO (1) | WO2023089039A1 (de) |
Family Cites Families (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CH440611A (de) * | 1964-12-19 | 1967-07-31 | Wandesleben Gmbh Geb | Emailliertes Stahlgeschirr für Brat- und Kochzwecke |
| DE1673886A1 (de) | 1968-01-02 | 1971-09-30 | Egon Wiebel | Dreipunktauflage fuer genaues und sicheres Messen an Werkstuecken mit dem Messstativ |
| EP0739494B1 (de) * | 1994-11-15 | 2002-05-15 | Leica Geosystems AG | Mechanisches befestigungssystem für ein modular gefasstes mikrooptisches element |
| DE102013215845A1 (de) * | 2013-08-12 | 2015-02-12 | BSH Bosch und Siemens Hausgeräte GmbH | Verfahren zum Herstellen eines Haushaltsgerätebauteils sowie Haushaltsgerätebauteil |
| JP6685779B2 (ja) | 2016-03-11 | 2020-04-22 | 三菱重工業株式会社 | 光計測装置、光計測方法及び回転機械 |
| CH712883A1 (de) * | 2016-09-07 | 2018-03-15 | Estrella Ag | Bauteil mit Rohrabschnitt mit emailliertem Bund. |
| JP7007967B2 (ja) * | 2017-04-14 | 2022-01-25 | 一般財団法人電力中央研究所 | 三次元形状の計測方法 |
-
2021
- 2021-11-19 DE DE102021130292.7A patent/DE102021130292A1/de active Pending
-
2022
- 2022-11-17 US US18/709,868 patent/US20240337484A1/en active Pending
- 2022-11-17 EP EP22818369.5A patent/EP4433774A1/de active Pending
- 2022-11-17 WO PCT/EP2022/082296 patent/WO2023089039A1/de not_active Ceased
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| US20240337484A1 (en) | 2024-10-10 |
| WO2023089039A1 (de) | 2023-05-25 |
| DE102021130292A1 (de) | 2023-07-27 |
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