EP4433340A1 - Verfahren zur ermittlung eines fahrbahn-reibwerts - Google Patents
Verfahren zur ermittlung eines fahrbahn-reibwertsInfo
- Publication number
- EP4433340A1 EP4433340A1 EP22792777.9A EP22792777A EP4433340A1 EP 4433340 A1 EP4433340 A1 EP 4433340A1 EP 22792777 A EP22792777 A EP 22792777A EP 4433340 A1 EP4433340 A1 EP 4433340A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- current
- friction
- gdem
- road surface
- requirement
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60T—VEHICLE BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF; BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF, IN GENERAL; ARRANGEMENT OF BRAKING ELEMENTS ON VEHICLES IN GENERAL; PORTABLE DEVICES FOR PREVENTING UNWANTED MOVEMENT OF VEHICLES; VEHICLE MODIFICATIONS TO FACILITATE COOLING OF BRAKES
- B60T8/00—Arrangements for adjusting wheel-braking force to meet varying vehicular or ground-surface conditions, e.g. limiting or varying distribution of braking force
- B60T8/17—Using electrical or electronic regulation means to control braking
- B60T8/176—Brake regulation specially adapted to prevent excessive wheel slip during vehicle deceleration, e.g. ABS
- B60T8/1763—Brake regulation specially adapted to prevent excessive wheel slip during vehicle deceleration, e.g. ABS responsive to the coefficient of friction between the wheels and the ground surface
- B60T8/17636—Microprocessor-based systems
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60W—CONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
- B60W40/00—Estimation or calculation of non-directly measurable driving parameters for road vehicle drive control systems not related to the control of a particular sub unit, e.g. by using mathematical models
- B60W40/02—Estimation or calculation of non-directly measurable driving parameters for road vehicle drive control systems not related to the control of a particular sub unit, e.g. by using mathematical models related to ambient conditions
- B60W40/06—Road conditions
- B60W40/068—Road friction coefficient
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60T—VEHICLE BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF; BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF, IN GENERAL; ARRANGEMENT OF BRAKING ELEMENTS ON VEHICLES IN GENERAL; PORTABLE DEVICES FOR PREVENTING UNWANTED MOVEMENT OF VEHICLES; VEHICLE MODIFICATIONS TO FACILITATE COOLING OF BRAKES
- B60T8/00—Arrangements for adjusting wheel-braking force to meet varying vehicular or ground-surface conditions, e.g. limiting or varying distribution of braking force
- B60T8/17—Using electrical or electronic regulation means to control braking
- B60T8/172—Determining control parameters used in the regulation, e.g. by calculations involving measured or detected parameters
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60T—VEHICLE BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF; BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF, IN GENERAL; ARRANGEMENT OF BRAKING ELEMENTS ON VEHICLES IN GENERAL; PORTABLE DEVICES FOR PREVENTING UNWANTED MOVEMENT OF VEHICLES; VEHICLE MODIFICATIONS TO FACILITATE COOLING OF BRAKES
- B60T2210/00—Detection or estimation of road or environment conditions; Detection or estimation of road shapes
- B60T2210/10—Detection or estimation of road conditions
- B60T2210/12—Friction
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60T—VEHICLE BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF; BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF, IN GENERAL; ARRANGEMENT OF BRAKING ELEMENTS ON VEHICLES IN GENERAL; PORTABLE DEVICES FOR PREVENTING UNWANTED MOVEMENT OF VEHICLES; VEHICLE MODIFICATIONS TO FACILITATE COOLING OF BRAKES
- B60T2240/00—Monitoring, detecting wheel/tyre behaviour; counteracting thereof
- B60T2240/02—Longitudinal grip
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60T—VEHICLE BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF; BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF, IN GENERAL; ARRANGEMENT OF BRAKING ELEMENTS ON VEHICLES IN GENERAL; PORTABLE DEVICES FOR PREVENTING UNWANTED MOVEMENT OF VEHICLES; VEHICLE MODIFICATIONS TO FACILITATE COOLING OF BRAKES
- B60T2240/00—Monitoring, detecting wheel/tyre behaviour; counteracting thereof
- B60T2240/04—Tyre deformation
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60W—CONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
- B60W2520/00—Input parameters relating to overall vehicle dynamics
- B60W2520/26—Wheel slip
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60W—CONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
- B60W2552/00—Input parameters relating to infrastructure
- B60W2552/40—Coefficient of friction
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a method for determining a current road surface friction value using a control device in a motor vehicle.
- control devices in motor vehicles are set up to determine a current coefficient of friction of the road being traveled on in order to be able to operate the motor vehicle more efficiently. For example, speeds and braking distances, especially of autonomously operated vehicles, can be better matched to the road surface. The occurrence of overspeeds in a driving electrical machine can also be avoided in this way.
- DE 10 2020 200 161 B3 discloses a method for protecting an electric machine from overspeed in a hybrid motor vehicle drive train with at least one axle that can be driven at least partially via the electric machine, comprising the following steps:
- an estimate of a current road surface friction value can only be made when a wheel breaks off, i.e. in a situation in which the wheel grip breaks off and the wheel or wheels of the motor vehicle no longer have the necessary grip Provide traction and spin.
- the object is achieved by a method for determining a current road surface friction value using a control unit in a motor vehicle, with the control unit continuously determining a current friction value requirement is calculated, with a current tire stiffness being determined from the calculated current friction coefficient requirement and a current tire slip, and using a stored table that maps tire stiffness to road surface friction values, the current road surface friction coefficient is determined from the current tire stiffness.
- a coefficient of friction requirement is thus continuously determined in a known manner.
- the current friction coefficient requirement can in particular be calculated from a current driving wheel torque and a currently prevailing axle load.
- a wheel break is not awaited, but rather the current tire rigidity is determined from the required friction coefficient and additional information about the current tire slip. This tire stiffness is then mapped to the current road surface friction coefficient using a table.
- the current friction coefficient of the roadway can also be approximately determined between wheel break-off events.
- the method calculates the tire stiffness in normal driving situations and classifies this stiffness using table data that assigns a friction value to a tire stiffness.
- the table data can be adjusted for different road surfaces and conditions at each wheel spin event.
- a statistical algorithm can be used to Average over the last n cyclic calculations of the tire stiffness.
- the current tire rigidity is preferably determined as a statistical mean value, which takes into account a number n of previously calculated current friction coefficient requirements and current tire slippage.
- the tire stiffness can be calculated, for example, using the formula:
- the stored table which maps tire stiffnesses to road surface friction coefficients, is preferably adapted when a wheel breaks away, ie wheelspin, in particular to different road surfaces and conditions.
- the current roadway friction value is preferably determined from the current friction value requirement as being equal to the current friction value requirement.
- the friction coefficient requirement and the roadway friction coefficient can be determined as follows:
- the determination can use the dynamic axle load of the driven axle and the currently driving wheel torque.
- the currently driving wheel torque can be calculated in a control unit, based on the prevailing clutch torques and the currently selected gear ratios in the associated sub-transmission and the torque currently supplied by the electric machine multiplied by its ratio.
- a dynamic vehicle longitudinal dynamics model which estimates the current axle loads, can be continuously calculated in the responsible control unit.
- the vehicle mass required to calculate the axle loads can be determined during each start-up process using the driving wheel torque and the measured vehicle acceleration. This is possible because the clutch is the element in the drive train that determines the wheel torque during the drive-off process and the resulting wheel torque is known exactly in the transmission control unit.
- the possible proportion of the electrical machine in the starting process can be regarded as largely exact.
- a coefficient of friction can now be constantly calculated using the driving wheel torque and the determined dynamic axle load. This coefficient of friction can be viewed as the coefficient of friction required by the motor vehicle.
- the current road surface friction value is preferably determined as equal to the current friction value requirement from the current friction value requirement, with the stored table, which maps tire stiffness to road surface friction values, being adjusted in the the current tire stiffness is assigned to the current road surface friction value, equal to the current friction value requirement.
- a lateral and a longitudinal component is determined for the current roadway friction value and/or the current friction value requirement.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic representation of a method according to the invention for determining a current friction coefficient of the roadway.
- 2 is a schematic representation of a longitudinal and a transverse portion of a coefficient of friction.
- 3 is a schematic representation of graphs of longitudinal friction values versus tire slip for various road surfaces.
- FIG. 4 is a schematic representation of graphs of transverse coefficients of friction versus tire slip for various road surfaces.
- 5 is a schematic representation of data points in a coordinate system of friction requirements and tire slippage and thus of tire stiffness.
- FIG. 6 is a schematic representation of data points in a coordinate system of friction requirements and tire slippage and thus of tire stiffness.
- FIG. 7 is a schematic representation of a time course of a current coefficient of friction requirement around a wheel tear.
- Fig. 8 is a schematic representation of the adjustment of a
- a current friction coefficient requirement gdem is continuously calculated (box Cale gdem) from a current driving wheel torque and a currently prevailing axle load.
- a current tire slip is determined (box Cale Slip).
- a current tire rigidity St is estimated or determined from the two quantities required for the coefficient of friction gdem and tire slip slip.
- the current road friction coefficient groad is then determined from the current tire stiffness St using a stored table T(St), which maps tire stiffness St to road surface friction coefficient groad.
- the table T(St) is also adapted during the operation of the motor vehicle, so that it is a learning algorithm:
- the current roadway friction coefficient groad is determined from the current friction coefficient gdem as equal to the current friction coefficient gdem (box Cale g roa d).
- the stored table T which maps tire stiffness St to road surface friction coefficient g roa d , is then adjusted by assigning the current road surface friction coefficient g roa d , equal to the current friction coefficient requirement gdem , to the current tire stiffness St.
- the coefficient of friction both the roadway friction coefficient g roa d and the friction coefficient requirement gdem—comprises a longitudinal and a transversal component.
- a lateral and a longitudinal component can therefore be determined separately for the current road surface coefficient of friction groad and the current coefficient of friction requirement gdem.
- 3 is an illustration of different possible graphs of longitudinal coefficients of friction g versus tire slip for different roadways, namely a dry roadway F1, a wet roadway F2, a gravel roadway F3 and snow/ice roadway F4.
- the tire slip results, for example, as differences between the wheel speeds on the front wheels and the rear wheels.
- the gradients drawn in dashed lines are proportional to the maxima drawn in and thus to the maximum road surface friction values g max .
- the current gradient can be estimated in driving situations with high or low loads or wheel torques.
- the gradient is a measure of the tire stiffness St or is proportional to the tire stiffness St.
- Fig. 5 shows in a coordinate system of friction requirements gdem and tire slippage several determined data points - shown as small crosses - in different driving situations, namely when driving constantly on dry asphalt S1, when accelerating on wet asphalt S2 and when accelerating on a snowy road S3.
- the gradient ten estimation (dashed line) is carried out for a statistical mean value of a number of determined data points (the last n data points), so that a more stable determination of the gradient and thus of the tire stiffness St is carried out.
- Such an estimation based on the mean value of the data points also prevents discontinuous jumps in the determined road surface friction coefficient groad.
- Fig. 6 shows in the same coordinate system of friction coefficient requirements gdem and tire slip slip of Fig. 5 that an increase in stability can also be achieved by only considering data points of a specific deviation from an average value in the statistical averaging to determine the current gradients and thus the current tire rigidity St.
- the deviation can, as shown in FIG. 6, be established in particular by defining maximum and minimum limits for the gradients around a mean gradient of the data points.
- the limits G1 are shown without a deviation check, as well as defined limits G2 for a deviation check. Only data points that lie within the limits G2 for a deviation check are preferably used for determining the tire stiffness.
- FIG. 7 shows a possible course over time (axis t) of the determined current friction coefficient requirement gdem.
- the presence of a wheel breakaway Abr is determined.
- the actual roadway friction coefficient g rO ad was above the current friction coefficient requirement gdem.
- the actual roadway friction coefficient g rO ad now corresponds to the current friction coefficient requirement gdem.
- This information can now be used, as shown in FIG. 8, to convert the roadway friction coefficient g rO ad determined by the method according to the invention to the actual roadway friction coefficient adjust large adapt.
- the friction curve pi(Sl) used in the method according to the invention is adapted to the new friction curve g(Sl) a da P t .
- the stored table T which maps tire stiffness St to road surface friction coefficient groad, is therefore adjusted when a wheel breaks off Abr by assigning the current road surface friction coefficient groad, equal to the current friction coefficient requirement gdem, to the current tire stiffness St.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Transportation (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Automation & Control Theory (AREA)
- Mathematical Physics (AREA)
- Control Of Driving Devices And Active Controlling Of Vehicle (AREA)
- Control Of Vehicle Engines Or Engines For Specific Uses (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE102021212792.4A DE102021212792B3 (de) | 2021-11-15 | 2021-11-15 | Verfahren zur Ermittlung eines Fahrbahn-Reibwerts |
| PCT/EP2022/075687 WO2023083515A1 (de) | 2021-11-15 | 2022-09-15 | Verfahren zur ermittlung eines fahrbahn-reibwerts |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP4433340A1 true EP4433340A1 (de) | 2024-09-25 |
Family
ID=83900189
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP22792777.9A Pending EP4433340A1 (de) | 2021-11-15 | 2022-09-15 | Verfahren zur ermittlung eines fahrbahn-reibwerts |
Country Status (5)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US20250018952A1 (de) |
| EP (1) | EP4433340A1 (de) |
| CN (1) | CN118265639A (de) |
| DE (1) | DE102021212792B3 (de) |
| WO (1) | WO2023083515A1 (de) |
Family Cites Families (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE102004053880A1 (de) | 2004-11-04 | 2006-05-11 | Daimlerchrysler Ag | Verfahren zur Bestimmung des maximalen Reibwertes zwischen Fahrzeugreifen und Fahrbahnoberfläche |
| JP5995040B2 (ja) * | 2011-09-26 | 2016-09-21 | 株式会社ジェイテクト | 路面摩擦係数推定装置及び方法 |
| DE102012217772A1 (de) | 2012-09-28 | 2014-04-03 | Zf Friedrichshafen Ag | Verfahren zur Bestimmung des maximalen Kraftschlussbeiwerts |
| US9751533B2 (en) * | 2014-04-03 | 2017-09-05 | The Goodyear Tire & Rubber Company | Road surface friction and surface type estimation system and method |
| EP3106360B1 (de) * | 2015-06-16 | 2018-04-11 | Volvo Car Corporation | Verfahren und anordnung zur reibwertschätzung zwischen reifen und fahrbahn |
| EP3398825B1 (de) * | 2017-05-03 | 2020-03-11 | Volvo Car Corporation | Verfahren und system zur berechnung einer fahrbahnreibungsschätzung |
| DE102019117981B4 (de) | 2019-07-03 | 2025-10-30 | Dr. Ing. H.C. F. Porsche Aktiengesellschaft | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Reibwertermittlung für ein Fahrzeug |
| DE102020200161B3 (de) | 2020-01-09 | 2021-01-28 | Magna Pt B.V. & Co. Kg | Verfahren zum Schutz vor einer Überdrehzahl einer elektrischen Maschine in einem Kraftfahrzeugantriebsstrang |
-
2021
- 2021-11-15 DE DE102021212792.4A patent/DE102021212792B3/de active Active
-
2022
- 2022-09-15 EP EP22792777.9A patent/EP4433340A1/de active Pending
- 2022-09-15 CN CN202280075522.0A patent/CN118265639A/zh active Pending
- 2022-09-15 WO PCT/EP2022/075687 patent/WO2023083515A1/de not_active Ceased
- 2022-09-15 US US18/709,886 patent/US20250018952A1/en active Pending
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| US20250018952A1 (en) | 2025-01-16 |
| DE102021212792B3 (de) | 2023-03-02 |
| CN118265639A (zh) | 2024-06-28 |
| WO2023083515A1 (de) | 2023-05-19 |
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Owner name: MAGNA PT B.V. & CO. KGAA |