EP4433228A1 - Procédé de séparation des composants d'un mélange de fibres et de granules par neutralisation électrostatique et tamisage, et installation correspondante - Google Patents
Procédé de séparation des composants d'un mélange de fibres et de granules par neutralisation électrostatique et tamisage, et installation correspondanteInfo
- Publication number
- EP4433228A1 EP4433228A1 EP22817215.1A EP22817215A EP4433228A1 EP 4433228 A1 EP4433228 A1 EP 4433228A1 EP 22817215 A EP22817215 A EP 22817215A EP 4433228 A1 EP4433228 A1 EP 4433228A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- mixture
- sieving
- granules
- receptacle
- drum
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B07—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS; SORTING
- B07B—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS BY SIEVING, SCREENING, SIFTING OR BY USING GAS CURRENTS; SEPARATING BY OTHER DRY METHODS APPLICABLE TO BULK MATERIAL, e.g. LOOSE ARTICLES FIT TO BE HANDLED LIKE BULK MATERIAL
- B07B1/00—Sieving, screening, sifting, or sorting solid materials using networks, gratings, grids, or the like
- B07B1/18—Drum screens
- B07B1/22—Revolving drums
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
- B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
- B02C23/00—Auxiliary methods or auxiliary devices or accessories specially adapted for crushing or disintegrating not provided for in preceding groups or not specially adapted to apparatus covered by a single preceding group
- B02C23/08—Separating or sorting of material, associated with crushing or disintegrating
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B07—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS; SORTING
- B07B—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS BY SIEVING, SCREENING, SIFTING OR BY USING GAS CURRENTS; SEPARATING BY OTHER DRY METHODS APPLICABLE TO BULK MATERIAL, e.g. LOOSE ARTICLES FIT TO BE HANDLED LIKE BULK MATERIAL
- B07B4/00—Separating solids from solids by subjecting their mixture to gas currents
- B07B4/02—Separating solids from solids by subjecting their mixture to gas currents while the mixtures fall
- B07B4/06—Separating solids from solids by subjecting their mixture to gas currents while the mixtures fall using revolving drums
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B07—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS; SORTING
- B07B—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS BY SIEVING, SCREENING, SIFTING OR BY USING GAS CURRENTS; SEPARATING BY OTHER DRY METHODS APPLICABLE TO BULK MATERIAL, e.g. LOOSE ARTICLES FIT TO BE HANDLED LIKE BULK MATERIAL
- B07B4/00—Separating solids from solids by subjecting their mixture to gas currents
- B07B4/08—Separating solids from solids by subjecting their mixture to gas currents while the mixtures are supported by sieves, screens, or like mechanical elements
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B07—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS; SORTING
- B07B—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS BY SIEVING, SCREENING, SIFTING OR BY USING GAS CURRENTS; SEPARATING BY OTHER DRY METHODS APPLICABLE TO BULK MATERIAL, e.g. LOOSE ARTICLES FIT TO BE HANDLED LIKE BULK MATERIAL
- B07B1/00—Sieving, screening, sifting, or sorting solid materials using networks, gratings, grids, or the like
- B07B1/18—Drum screens
- B07B1/22—Revolving drums
- B07B1/24—Revolving drums with fixed or moving interior agitators
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B07—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS; SORTING
- B07B—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS BY SIEVING, SCREENING, SIFTING OR BY USING GAS CURRENTS; SEPARATING BY OTHER DRY METHODS APPLICABLE TO BULK MATERIAL, e.g. LOOSE ARTICLES FIT TO BE HANDLED LIKE BULK MATERIAL
- B07B2201/00—Details applicable to machines for screening using sieves or gratings
- B07B2201/04—Multiple deck screening devices comprising one or more superimposed screens
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
- Y02W30/62—Plastics recycling; Rubber recycling
Definitions
- the present invention relates to the general field of processes for separating the components of a mixture containing fibers and granules, which aim to separately recover said fibers on the one hand, said granules on the other hand.
- the present invention finds more particular application in the treatment of mixtures whose components are of millimeter and sub-millimeter size, that is to say containing fibers whose diameter is between 10 ⁇ m and 1 mm for a length comprised between 1 mm and 10 mm, and granules whose equivalent diameter is comprised between 125 ⁇ m and 5 mm.
- the objects assigned to the invention are achieved by means of a separation process allowing, from a mixture containing fibers and granules, to separate said fibers from said granules, said process comprising for this purpose a step (S1) of supply, during which the mixture is brought into a receptacle provided with a sieve, a step (S2) of dissociation, during which a sub-step (S201) of agitation in which mechanical mixing of the mixture contained in the receptacle is carried out and a neutralization sub-step (S202) in which the mixture which is being stirred in the receptacle is exposed to bipolar charges in order to neutralize electrostatic charges fibers and granules, then a sieving step (S3) during which the mixture treated in accordance with the dissociation step (S2) is passed over the sieve in order to retain in the receptacle a first product resulting from the mixture, first product which has a higher fiber content than that of the mixture, while a second product resulting from
- the inventors have found that, by combining on the one hand a mechanical mixing of the mixture, which makes it possible to overcome the adhesion forces of the of Van der Waals which keep the fibers and the agglomerated granules, with on the other hand an electrostatic neutralization which makes it possible, at the same time, to reduce or even eliminate the electrical charges of the fibers and the granules and thus to reduce or even eliminate the electrostatic attraction forces which tend to cause the fibers and the granules to clump together, it is possible to effectively dissociate the fibers from the granules within the mixture, and the fibers and the granules, once dissociated from each other, are prevented from re-agglomerate.
- the mixture is perfectly prepared for sieving, in that the components of said mixture, namely the fibers and the granules, are already well separated from each other when said mixture is presented against the sieve to be exposed to the action of said sieve, which makes said sieving particularly effective and selective, since each individual component (fiber or granule) thus dissociated from the components which are close to it is exposed in its own right to the mesh of the sieve, without remaining attached to a neighboring component which could possibly prevent said component from passing through the sieve.
- the exposure of the mixture to the sieve occurs in a region of space, here in a portion of the receptacle, which is exposed to the joint actions of mechanical agitation and electrostatic neutralization, so that the mixture which is in contact with the sieve, and more particularly the various components of said mixture, including the fibers and granules which it is desired to separate, are and remain permanently, including when the sieving takes place, subjected to effect of dissociation which results from this agitation and this neutralization.
- Figure 1 illustrates, in a perspective view with cutaway of an upper wall and a side wall, an example of installation for implementing a method according to the invention and comprising for this purpose drums cylindrical sieving units rotatably mounted around a central axis which is substantially horizontal, as well as blowing ionizing bars which are located outside said sieving drums and whose flow is directed towards the interior of said sieving drums.
- Figure 2 is a perspective sectional view of the installation of Figure 1, in a section plane which is normal to the axis of rotation of the screening drums.
- Figure 3 is a front view of the section of Figure 2.
- Figure 4 is a schematic view, in a section plane perpendicular to the axis of rotation of the screening drum or drums, of an alternative embodiment of the installation of Figures 1 to 3 in which blowing ionizing bars are located inside a screening drum.
- Figure 6 is a partial side view of the installation of Figures 1 to 3, in longitudinal section in a vertical sagittal plane which contains the axis of rotation of the screening drums.
- the present invention relates to a separation process allowing, from a mixture 1 containing fibers 2 and granules 3, to separate said fibers 2 from said granules 3 (or, seen in a reciprocal manner, to separate the granules 3 fibers 2).
- the invention also relates, of course, to an installation 100 making it possible to implement such a method.
- the constituent material of the fibers 2 will be different from the constituent material of the granules 3, and, more particularly, the constituent materials respectively of the fibers 2 on the one hand, granules 3 on the other hand, will be such that the fibers 2 and the granules 3 can each bear an electrostatic charge, but of opposite sign.
- the method according to the invention will be designed to be able to separate fibers 2, contained in the mixture 1, which have a length which is between 1 mm and 10 mm, and a greater transverse dimension which is between between 10 ⁇ m and 1 mm.
- the term "largest transverse dimension" denotes the largest of the dimensions among the dimensions of the section of the fiber, considered perpendicular to the length of the fiber. In the case of a fiber 2 which has a cylindrical shape with a circular base, the largest transverse dimension therefore corresponds to the diameter of the circular base, that is to say the diameter of the section of said fiber 2.
- the fibers 2 will have a thin and elongated shape, preferably substantially cylindrical.
- the fibers 2 will have a dimension, called length, which is significantly greater than the other two dimensions, called transverse dimensions, and more particularly which has a length at least 5 times, preferably at least 10 times, at least 20 times, even at least 50 times or even 100 times greater than the largest of these transverse dimensions, that is to say typically the diameter of the fiber concerned.
- the fibers 2 may be made from a natural or synthetic textile material, and more preferably from a polymer or a combination of polymers from among: polyethylene terephthalate (PET), polyethylene (PE), polypropylene (PP), polyvinyl chloride (PVC) and polystyrene (PS).
- PET polyethylene terephthalate
- PE polyethylene
- PP polypropylene
- PVC polyvinyl chloride
- PS polystyrene
- the process will be designed to separate the aforementioned fibers 2 from the granules 3 in a mixture where said fibers 2 are mixed with, or even agglomerated with, granules 3 whose equivalent diameter is between 125 ⁇ m and 5 mm.
- equivalent diameter is meant the diameter that would have a fictitious sphere that would occupy the same volume as the volume occupied by the granule 3 considered.
- the granules 3 will preferably have a shape factor equal to or less than 2.
- shape factor is meant the ratio between on the one hand the maximum Féret diameter, say the maximum distance, observable for the considered granule, between two straight lines which are parallel to each other and tangent respectively to opposite sides of the considered granule, and on the other hand the minimum Féret diameter, that is to say the minimum distance, observable for the considered granule, between two straight lines which are mutually parallel and tangent respectively to opposite sides of said considered granule.
- This form factor makes it possible to give a good indication of the slenderness of the granules.
- a form factor equal to 1 corresponds to a sphere
- a form factor equal to the square root of 2 corresponds to a cube.
- the granules 3 will be made of a rubber-based material.
- the method preferably applies to a mixture 1 which contains textile fibers 2, preferably made of polyethylene terephthalate, and granules 3 of rubber-based material.
- the invention can thus be applied to a process for recycling a tire, said recycling process comprising a grinding step, during which at least a portion of the tire concerned is reduced to a mixture 1 containing textile fibers 2 and granules 3 of rubber-based material then a sorting step during which said mixture 1 is applied to a separation process according to any one of the possibilities envisaged by the invention.
- used tires contain both elastic structural elements, based on vulcanized rubber, and fibrous reinforcing elements.
- the shredding of such tires thus makes it possible to obtain mixtures rich in both rubber granules and fibres, which it is useful to be able to separate in order to be able to recycle the corresponding raw materials.
- said separation process according to the invention firstly comprises a step (SI) supply, during which the mixture 1 is brought into a receptacle 10 provided with a sieve 11.
- SI step (SI) supply
- the receptacle 10 and the sieve 11 can take any suitable form.
- the sieve may be formed by a flat plate, provided with edges delimiting the receptacle.
- the receptacle 10 will have a cylindrical shape, preferably of circular base, and the sieve 11 will form all or part of the curved side wall 10L of said cylindrical shape.
- Such a receptacle 10 will thus form a screening drum.
- the receptacle 10 can be likened in what follows to a sieving drum and the same reference 10 can be used to designate either the receptacle or the sieving drum.
- the sieve 11 will preferably be made of an electrically insulating material, that is to say having an electrical resistivity greater than or equal to 10 10 .m at a temperature of 300 Kelvin, in order not to interfere with the neutralization by bipolar charges.
- the material constituting the sieve 11 will be sufficiently rigid to prevent the sieve 11 from deforming under the weight and movements of the mixture 1.
- the receptacle 10 may comprise a rigid perforated frame 12, which will serve as a support for the grid panels 13, here curved panels which substantially or even exactly follow the curvature of the side wall 10L of the sieving drum, which grid panels 13 marry the windows of the frame 12 so as to form as many portions of the sieve 11.
- the receptacle 10 can be supplied by any suitable supply system 15, for example by means of an endless screw, of the Archimedean screw type, which takes the mixture 1 from a neighboring silo for the transfer into the receptacle 10, or even by means of a hopper 16 which pours the mixture 1 into the said receptacle 10, as shown schematically in Figures 3 and 6.
- a continuous power supply may be considered, according to which a supply of mixture 1 in receptacle 10, for example at one of the axial ends of the sieving drum, as the mixture 1 being processed in receptacle 10 is sieved and discharged from receptacle 10 , and more generally outside the installation 100, the products P1, P2 resulting from the treatment of the mixture, for example by collecting said products P1, P2 at the other end of the sieving drum and/or on suitable extraction conveyors .
- the separation method according to the invention then comprises, after the step (S1) of supply, a step (S2) of dissociation, during which one operates, simultaneously, a sub-step (S201) of agitation in which the mixture 1 contained in the receptacle 10 is mechanically mixed and a neutralization sub-step (S202) in which the mixture 1 which is in the process of being stirred in the receptacle 10 is exposed to bipolar charges in order to to neutralize electrostatic charges of fibers 2 and granules 3.
- the mechanical stirring of the mixture 1 can be obtained by any suitable means, and in particular either, preferably, by setting the receptacle 10 in motion, relative to the frame of the installation 100, for example by setting the receptacle 10 in rotation , or, as a variant, by stirring the mixture 1 by means of a stirring device, of the stirring blade type, which would plunge into the receptacle 10 and would be set in motion relative to the receptacle 10.
- the receptacle 10 used is a first cylindrical sieving drum 10 delimited by a tubular side wall 10L which extends along and around a central axis XI 0 forming with the horizontal an angle less than 30 degrees, tubular side wall 10L of which at least a portion forms the sieve 11.
- the rotation speed RIO is moderate, so on the one hand to allow a natural mixing of the mixture 1, by self-collapse and permanent reversal on itself of the mixture, under the joint action of the rotation RIO (which allows the side wall 10L to entrain and raise part of the mixture along said side wall, in the direction of rotation RIO, seen in a section normal to the axis of rotation) and gravity (which causes this part of the mixture raised by the rotation to fall onto the rest of the mixture), and on the other hand to avoid a centrifugation effect of the mixture 1 which would tend to compact the said mixture 1 instead of dissociating it, or even to eject through the meshes of the sieve 11 certain aggregates of fibers 2 and granules 3 before said aggregates could be correctly dissociated into fibers 2 and granules 3 separated.
- the rotation speed RIO will preferably be chosen, depending on the internal diameter of the sieving drum 10, so that the centrifugal acceleration to which said rotation RIO subjects the mixture 1 remains less than 125 m.s' 2 , that is to say less than 12.75 times the acceleration of gravity.
- the centrifugal acceleration to which said rotation RIO subjects the mixture 1 remains less than 125 m.s' 2 , that is to say less than 12.75 times the acceleration of gravity.
- the rotation speed RIO will preferably be between 10 rpm and 150 rpm, more preferably between 30 rpm and 90 rpm.
- the radially inner face of the side wall 10L of the sieving drum 10 can be provided with protrusions, such as blades, which contribute to splitting and stirring the mixture 1 during the RIO rotation.
- the angle formed by the central axis X10 of the first sieving drum 10 with respect to the horizontal is not zero.
- said angle may for example be between 5 degrees and 30 degrees.
- this inclination of the sieving drum 10, and more precisely of the side wall 10L of said sieving drum makes it possible to ensure progressive and continuous transport of the mixture 1 from the entrance to the exit of the first sieving drum 10, along the central axis X10, and thus allows continuous operation of the installation 100, and this with very low energy consumption.
- the receptacle 10 when the receptacle 10 is formed by a first sieving drum 10, care will be taken not to fill said first sieving drum over its entire height, that is to say over the entire extent of its transverse section, in order to preserve in the upper part of the cylinder a vacuum sufficient to allow the mixture 1 to be effectively stirred during the rotation RIO of the sieving drum 10, and, moreover, to be sufficiently exposed to the action of bipolar loads, and if necessary the action of blowing.
- the filling rate will be such that the mixture occupies in the lower part of the cylinder a height less than or equal to 40% of the internal diameter of the first sieving drum 10, for example a height of between 25% and 30% of said internal diameter.
- bipolar charges are produced, that is to say a globally neutral set of positive ions and negative ions, which are projected onto the mixture 1, for example by blowing or by gravitation, in order to diffuse said bipolar charges in the mixture 1, and to allow the ions to carry out an exchange electronics with the fibers 2 which carry electrostatic charges, respectively with the granules 3 which carry electrostatic charges of opposite sign to the sign of the charges of the fibers 2.
- the inventors have found that the fibers 2 and granules 3 of the raw mixtures 1 are often electrically charged, in particular as a result of the friction that these fibers and granules have undergone during the operations of shredding, routing, spillage, etc., and that, as long as these components carry residual electrostatic charges, it is almost futile to try to dissociate them from each other by simple mechanical action, insofar as the electrostatic attractive forces between components charge carriers of opposite signs have the effect of almost instantaneously reagglomerating said components to each other.
- the neutralization proposed in accordance with the invention therefore makes it possible to significantly improve the effective dissociation of the components of mixture 1.
- the bipolar charges will be generated, by a neutralization device 40, by ionizing the ambient gaseous atmosphere in the vicinity of the receptacle 10, here therefore preferably by ionizing the ambient air which bathes the installation 100.
- the neutralization device 40 will preferably use an alternating electric field generator, the frequency of which will preferably be between 50 Hz and 60 Hz, and the amplitude preferably between 3 kV and 7 kV.
- the separation process according to the invention then comprises, following the step (S2) of dissociation, a step (S3) of sieving during which the mixture 1 treated in accordance with the step (S2) of dissociation in order to retain in the receptacle 10 a first product PI resulting from the mixture 1, the first product PI which has, as shown schematically in FIGS. 3 and 6, a fiber content 2 greater than that of the mixture 1 while a second product P2 from mixture 1 is evacuated through the sieve 11, second product P2 whose content of granules 3 is greater than that of mixture 1.
- the fibers 2 tend to intertwine and to be placed across the openings of the meshes of the sieve 11, which prevents their passage through said sieve 11.
- the sieving can preferably be carried out in practice at the same place as, and therefore almost at the same time as, the step (S2) of dissociation, in that the sieve 11 is located in a region of space which is subjected both to mechanical stirring effecting agitation and to ion bombardment effecting neutralization.
- the fibers 2 and granules 3 are directly exposed to the action of the sieve 11, without having had the time or the possibility to re-agglomerate.
- the first cylindrical drum 10 will have an axial length greater than its internal diameter, for example at least 1.5 times greater, preferably at least 2 times greater, or even at least 4 times greater or at least 5 times greater. greater than its internal diameter. This will in particular make it possible to accommodate a large quantity of mixture 1 within the receptacle 10 while effectively distributing the mixture 1 over a large surface of the sieve 11, in a relatively thin layer and therefore easy to stir and neutralize.
- the sieve 11 equipping the side wall 10L of the first cylindrical sieving drum 10 will advantageously form an annular structure around the central axis X10, and will typically cover, in the same section normal to the central axis X10, and the case where appropriate, considering the combination of the various grid panels 13 arranged around the central axis X10 in the section considered, a total angular coverage at least equal to 240 degrees or even at least 270 degrees around the central axis X10 (c' that is to say that at least two-thirds, preferably at least three-quarters, of the circumference of the side wall 10L are constituted by one or more grids 13 of the sieve 11), preferably at least equal to 300 degrees, or even at least equal to 330 degrees.
- this will make it possible to have a portion of the sieve 11 permanently engaged with the mixture 1, in the lower zone of the first sieving drum 10.
- collectors can be provided to collect the first product PI on the one hand and, separately, the second product P2 on the other hand.
- the “contents" of fibers 2, respectively in granules 3, of the original mixture 1, and of the products P1, P2, will preferably correspond to the proportion by weight of the component considered (fiber or granule) in the mixture 1 or the product P1, P2 considered.
- the dissociation step (S2) comprises, simultaneously with the substeps (S201) of agitation and (S202) of neutralization, a substep (S203) of blowing, according to which the mixture is subjected 1 contained in the receptacle 10 to a forced F50 gas flow, preferably a forced air flow, which on the one hand contributes to the mechanical mixing and aeration of said mixture 1, and on the other hand promotes the supply and the dissipation of the bipolar charges within said mixture 1.
- a forced F50 gas flow preferably a forced air flow
- blowing action advantageously reinforces the effectiveness of the agitation action and the neutralization action, and therefore ultimately the dissociation action.
- the three modes of action jointly engaged in accordance with the invention namely mechanical stirring, electrostatic neutralization, and blowing, combine in perfect synergy to optimize dissociation.
- the blowing makes it possible to obtain, mechanically, an aeration of the mixture 1, that is to say a reduction in the compactness of the mixture by creating voids, filled with the blown gas, here filled with air, between the components of the mixture, and further contributes to the movement of the components of the mixture relative to each other, which makes it possible to maintain the fibers 2 separated from the pellets 3.
- the gas flow F50 also makes it possible to convey the bipolar charges to the mixture 1 then to facilitate the diffusion of said charges within the aerated mixture 1, which ensures a relatively homogeneous neutralization, and in depth, of said mixture 1 .
- the gas flow F50 will preferably be directed towards the lower half of the first sieving drum 10, and in particular towards the lower portion of the side wall 10L, in the zone where the mixture 1 is located. process and where, in particular, mixing and sieving take place.
- the separation process according to the invention comprises a second sieving step (S4), during which, as that is visible in particular in Figures 3 and 6, the second product P2 is sieved by means of a second sieving drum 20 which has a diameter greater than the first sieving drum 10 so as to form a second tubular wall 20L which surrounds said first sieving drum 10 at a radial distance from the tubular side wall 10L of said first sieving drum 10, and which forms a second sieve 21 whose mesh is finer than that of the first sieve 11 used during the first step (S3) sieving, so that it evacuates through the second sieve 21 a third product P3 whose content of granules 3 is greater than that of the second product P2.
- S4 second sieving step
- the mesh of the second sieve 21 may preferably be less than 4 mm, or even less than 2 mm, and for example between 1 mm and 4 mm, or even between 1 mm and 2 mm.
- the second tubular wall 20L is coaxial with the first sieving drum 10. More generally, the second sieving drum 20 is therefore preferably coaxial with the first sieving drum 10.
- the first and second sieving drums 10, 20 being laid down, preferably substantially horizontal, and more preferably inclined to ensure the conveying of the mixture 1 and the products P1, P2 retained by the sieves 11, 21, and said first and second sieving drums 10, 20 overlapping axially, the components of the mixture 1, here mainly the granules 3, can successively pass through the first sieve 11 then the second sieve 21 naturally, by gravity, in a generally radial direction with respect to to the central axis X10.
- the third product P3 thus falls naturally into a third collector 25 (or conveyor) placed under the second sieving drum 20, while the second product P2, or at the very least what remains of the second product P2 in the second sieving drum 20 after evacuation of the third product P3 through the second sieve 21, can be collected by a second collector (or conveyor) located at the downstream axial end of the second sieving drum 20, and separate from the first collector (or conveyor ) which collects the first product PI at the outlet of the first sieving drum 10, so that the first product PI and the second product P2 do not mix.
- the second product P2 located in the second sieving drum 20 will also, like the first product PI and the mixture 1 contained in the first sieving drum 10, be subjected to a stirring action and to a neutralizing action.
- the second sieving drum 20 will be driven in rotation for this purpose, preferably a rotation synchronous with, and more preferably a rotation integral with, the rotation RIO of the first sieving drum 10.
- the second sieving drum 20 will preferably be located in the zone of influence of the bipolar charges, and even more preferably on the path of the gas flow F50 ensuring the blowing action. The dissociation of the fibers 2 and the granules 3, engaged in the first sieving drum 10, will thus be continued and also ensured within the second sieving drum 20.
- the second sieving drum 20 has a diameter strictly greater than the first sieving drum 10, in order to contain the latter, the arrangement of said second sieving drum 20 can preferably be similar to that of the first sieving drum 10 , for one, several, or even all of the characteristics described in the foregoing, and can therefore be deduced mutatis mutandis from the layout of the first sieving drum 10.
- the receptacle 10, here therefore the first sieving drum 10 is located inside a chamber 60 which is delimited by walls 61.
- Said chamber 60 which makes it possible to separate the functional components of the installation from the outside of the installation, advantageously contains the receptacle or receptacles 10, here the first and the second sieving drum 10, 20, their sieve 11, 21 respectively, as well as the neutralization 40 and blowing 50 devices, here in the form of blowing ionizing bars 52.
- the method can then advantageously comprise a step (S5) of recovering fibers 2 during which one and/or the other of the walls 61 of the chamber 60 are scraped, for example by means of a scraper or a brush, in order to recover fibers 2 of the mixture 1 which have been thrown out of the receptacle 10, or more generally out of one or the other of the first and second sieving drums 10, 20, by the flow forced F50 gas, and which remained attached to said walls 61.
- the inventors have in fact found that the forced gas flow F50, and the movements that said gas flow induces in the relatively confined atmosphere of the chamber 60, had the effect of transporting to the walls 61 of the chamber, in particular up to the vertical walls 61, fibers 2 from the mixture 1, and that these fibers 2 accumulated, by spontaneous adhesion to the internal faces of said walls 61, to form a fourth product, of fluffy appearance, distinct from the first, second and third products PI, P2, P3, and of very high purity, that is to say consisting almost exclusively, or even exclusively, of fibers 2, and therefore virtually devoid of granules 3, or even totally devoid of granules 3, so that it was particularly advantageous to recover this fourth product.
- the invention also relates as such to a separation installation 100 which is intended to receive a mixture of fibers 2 and granules 3 in order to separate said fibers 2 from said granules 3.
- Said installation 100 comprises a receptacle 10 which is arranged to receive the mixture 1 and which is provided with a sieve 11, a stirring device 30 which makes it possible to stir the mixture 1 contained in the receptacle 10, a device for neutralization 40 designed to emit bipolar charges intended for mixture 1 while said mixture 1 is being stirred in receptacle 10, in order to be able to neutralize electrostatic charges of fibers 2 and granules 3, stirring device 30 and the neutralization device 40 being arranged to act jointly on the mixture 1 so as to be able to dissociate the agglomerates of fibers 2 and of granules 3 and thus facilitate the sieving of the mixture 1 by the sieve 11.
- the stirring device 30 is designed to drive the sieve 11, and more generally the receptacle 10, in motion.
- the receptacle 10 is formed by a first cylindrical screening drum 10 which is delimited by a tubular side wall 10L which extends along and around a central axis X10 forming with the horizontal at an angle of less than 30 degrees, preferably non-zero, tubular side wall 10L of which at least a portion forms the sieve 11.
- the stirring device 30 can then be designed to drive said first sieving drum 10 in rotation RIO on itself, around its central axis X10, in order to cause mixing of the mixture 1.
- the stirring device 30 may be equipped with a stirring motor 31, preferably a electric motor, to ensure the drive of the moving part or parts at the origin of the stirring, here typically the rotational drive of the first sieving drum 10.
- the movement of the receptacle 10, and more particularly the rotation RIO of the sieving drum 10, makes it possible, in addition to stirring the mixture 1 to dissociate it, to create a relative movement between said mixture 1 and the sieve 11, in order to to create the sifting action.
- the installation 100 comprises a blower device 50 arranged to generate a forced F50 gas flow, preferably a forced air flow, and direct said F50 gas flow onto the mixture 1 subjected to the joint action of the stirring device 30 and of the neutralization device 40, so that said gas flow F50 on the one hand contributes to the mixing of the mixture 1 and to aeration of the said mixture, and on the other hand promotes the supply and the dissipation of the bipolar charges within said mixture 1.
- a blower device 50 arranged to generate a forced F50 gas flow, preferably a forced air flow, and direct said F50 gas flow onto the mixture 1 subjected to the joint action of the stirring device 30 and of the neutralization device 40, so that said gas flow F50 on the one hand contributes to the mixing of the mixture 1 and to aeration of the said mixture, and on the other hand promotes the supply and the dissipation of the bipolar charges within said mixture 1.
- the gas flow F50 may take the form of an air curtain, or one or more jets emanating from as many nozzles 51, as can be seen in Figure 6.
- the flow rate of the gas flow F50 will be chosen high enough so that the power of said incident flow actually produces a blowing effect on the components of the mixture, and in particular so that the gas flow 50 is powerful enough to be able to drive and agitate the fibers 2 , and detaching said fibers 2 from the granules 3.
- the blowing action will thus provide a second mechanical stirring component, in addition to the first mechanical stirring component which is provided by the setting in motion, here by the setting in rotation RIO, of the receptacle 10.
- the installation 100 comprises at least one blowing ionizing module 52, and preferably several blowing ionizing modules 52, which each combine within the same subassembly, for example in the form of an ionizing bar fan 52, both a blower device 50 and a neutralization device 40.
- an ionizing blower module 52 may be arranged, here an ionizing blower bar oriented along its length parallel to the central axis X10, and more preferably two blower ionizing modules 52, here two blower ionizing bars parallel to each other and to the central axis X10, outside the first sieving drum 10, and more preferably outside the assembly formed by the first and second screening drums 10, 20.
- Said ionizing blower modules 52 will preferably be arranged higher than the central axis X10, or even above the crest line of the sieving drum 10, 20 which is radially the outermost (in practice, here, the second screening drum 20 in a configuration with two nested screening drums 10, 20).
- blowing ionizing modules 52 will be arranged symmetrically to one another with respect to the vertical sagittal plane which contains the central axis X10.
- one or more ionizing blower modules 52 are installed inside the first screening drum 10, and oriented so as to point their gas flow F50 and their flow of bipolar charges towards the lower portion of said first screening drum 10.
- Said ionizing blower modules 52 will of course be placed above the filling level reached by the mixture 1 within the first sieving drum 10.
- these gas flows F50 will be directed so as to substantially cover a fictitious surface which is parallel to the central axis X10 and which is located at a height comprised between 1/4 and 1/2 of the internal diameter with respect to at the low line of the side wall 10L forming the bottom of the sieving drum 10.
- said gas flows F50 will cover substantially the entire surface of the mixture 1 contained in said receptacle 10.
- the flow of bipolar charges can advantageously cover more easily, and simultaneously, the two sieving drums 10, 20, and in particular the space between the first screening drum 10 and the second screening drum 20.
- the installation 100 comprises a chamber 60, which forms part of the fixed frame of said installation 100, chamber 60 which is delimited by walls 61 and which contains the receptacle(s) 10, here the first and the second sieving drum 10, 20, their respective sieves 11, 21, as well as the neutralization 40 and blowing 50 devices, here the blowing ionizing bars 52, then the fact of placing the blowing ionizing bars 52 outside the or sieving drums 10, 20 will facilitate, by vortex effect, the diffusion of the bipolar charges substantially throughout the internal volume of said chamber 60.
- the installation 100 comprises a second cylindrical sieving drum 20, of diameter greater than that of the first sieving drum 10, said second sieving drum 20 surrounding the first sieving drum 10, preferably according to an arrangement coaxial with said first sieving drum 10, in order to form around said first sieving drum 10 a second receptacle 20 delimited by the tubular side wall 20L of the second sieving drum, which side wall 20L of the second sieving drum comprises a second sieve 21 whose the mesh is finer than the mesh of the sieve 11 of the first sieving drum 10.
- Said second sieving drum 20 is also driven in rotation around its central axis. This rotation could be different, and in particular of a different angular speed from that of the first sieving drum 10, which would make it possible to generate, in particular between the two sieving drums 10, 20, an additional mixing, which would improve the sieving.
- the two sieving drums 10, 20 are preferably driven together in rotation, in the same direction and at the same angular speed, which makes it possible in particular to simplify the structure of the installation 100 by providing a rotation support and/or or a drive system which are common to the two screening drums 10, 20.
- the same stirring motor 31, common to the two sieving drums 10, 20, will be used.
- the second sieving drum 20 will preferably have an inclined central axis, in the same direction as central axis XI 0 of the first sieving drum 10, and preferably coincides with central axis X10 of the first sieving drum 10, in order to continuously convey the second product P2 to the outlet, located lower than the inlet, of said second sieving drum 20.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Food Science & Technology (AREA)
- Electrostatic Separation (AREA)
- Combined Means For Separation Of Solids (AREA)
- Processing And Handling Of Plastics And Other Materials For Molding In General (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| FR2112032A FR3129095B1 (fr) | 2021-11-15 | 2021-11-15 | Procédé de séparation des composants d’un mélange de fibres et de granules par neutralisation électrostatique et tamisage, et installation correspondante |
| PCT/EP2022/081538 WO2023083991A1 (fr) | 2021-11-15 | 2022-11-10 | Procédé de séparation des composants d'un mélange de fibres et de granules par neutralisation électrostatique et tamisage, et installation correspondante |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP4433228A1 true EP4433228A1 (fr) | 2024-09-25 |
Family
ID=80448540
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP22817215.1A Pending EP4433228A1 (fr) | 2021-11-15 | 2022-11-10 | Procédé de séparation des composants d'un mélange de fibres et de granules par neutralisation électrostatique et tamisage, et installation correspondante |
Country Status (4)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US12544788B2 (fr) |
| EP (1) | EP4433228A1 (fr) |
| FR (1) | FR3129095B1 (fr) |
| WO (1) | WO2023083991A1 (fr) |
Families Citing this family (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN116587476A (zh) * | 2023-07-07 | 2023-08-15 | 八亿橡胶有限责任公司 | 一种橡胶干燥器 |
| CN116772549B (zh) * | 2023-08-22 | 2023-10-13 | 科泰(山东)健康营养有限公司 | 一种粉状食品加工用干燥设备 |
| FR3157233B1 (fr) * | 2023-12-26 | 2025-11-21 | Michelin & Cie | Installation permettant la séparation des composants d’un mélange de fibres et de granules au moyen d’un système aéraulique comprenant une buse d’aspiration combinée à une grille réceptrice mobile |
| FR3158896A1 (fr) * | 2024-02-06 | 2025-08-08 | Compagnie Generale Des Etablissements Michelin | Procédé de séparation des composants d’un mélange de fibres et de granules comprenant une étape de désenchevêtrement du mélange par brossage sur un tamis |
| CN118120931B (zh) * | 2024-04-08 | 2025-01-24 | 天益食品(徐州)有限公司 | 一种促进肠道蠕动的膳食纤维粉组合物及其制备方法 |
| CN118594727B (zh) * | 2024-05-24 | 2024-12-17 | 江苏巨鸿超细纤维制造有限公司 | 一种超细碳纤维的粉碎装置及粉碎方法 |
| CN120550926B (zh) * | 2025-07-30 | 2025-09-30 | 四川省石棉县恒达粉体材料有限责任公司 | 基于重钙大理岩资源综合利用的多级分选工艺及装置 |
Family Cites Families (11)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4119534A (en) * | 1977-03-18 | 1978-10-10 | Stearns-Roger Corp. | Multiple deck trommel screen |
| US5513755A (en) * | 1993-02-03 | 1996-05-07 | Jtm Industries, Inc. | Method and apparatus for reducing carbon content in fly ash |
| US5914145A (en) * | 1997-07-30 | 1999-06-22 | Packer; Scott | Method for removing contaminants from food |
| ITVR20060033A1 (it) * | 2006-02-14 | 2007-08-15 | Moretto Spa | Dispositivo ed impianto per la rimozione di polvere da materiali granulari |
| FR3008026A1 (fr) * | 2013-07-04 | 2015-01-09 | Michelin & Cie | Pneumatique comprenant un tissu a entrelacement |
| ES2549396B1 (es) | 2014-04-24 | 2016-06-29 | Gestion Medioambiental De Neumaticos S.L. | Procedimiento de separación de fibras textiles de una masa que comprende fibras textiles y fragmentos de caucho y dispositivo separador correspondiente. |
| NL2014210B1 (nl) * | 2015-01-29 | 2017-01-27 | Oijense Bovendijk B V | Zeefinrichting en werkwijze voor het scheiden van droog korrelvormig materiaal. |
| EP3539670B1 (fr) * | 2016-11-08 | 2022-06-29 | Sánchez Rodríguez, Jesús | Séparateur densimétrique de déchets |
| WO2018190803A1 (fr) * | 2017-04-11 | 2018-10-18 | Hewlett-Packard Development Company, L.P. | Tamis désagglomérant avec désionisation |
| CN111299118A (zh) * | 2018-12-12 | 2020-06-19 | 石柱土家族自治县卓远农业开发有限公司 | 黄花菜高效筛选除杂装置 |
| KR102121874B1 (ko) * | 2019-06-27 | 2020-06-12 | 한국지질자원연구원 | 트롬멜을 이용한 폐차잔재물 복합선별 시스템 및 복합선별 방법 |
-
2021
- 2021-11-15 FR FR2112032A patent/FR3129095B1/fr active Active
-
2022
- 2022-11-10 US US18/710,111 patent/US12544788B2/en active Active
- 2022-11-10 EP EP22817215.1A patent/EP4433228A1/fr active Pending
- 2022-11-10 WO PCT/EP2022/081538 patent/WO2023083991A1/fr not_active Ceased
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| US12544788B2 (en) | 2026-02-10 |
| WO2023083991A1 (fr) | 2023-05-19 |
| FR3129095A1 (fr) | 2023-05-19 |
| FR3129095B1 (fr) | 2026-03-13 |
| US20250010336A1 (en) | 2025-01-09 |
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Inventor name: LE CLERC, CHRISTOPHE Inventor name: SIMONELLI, THOMAS Inventor name: MEDLES, KARIM Inventor name: DASCALESCU, LUCIEN Inventor name: ZEGHLOUL, THAMI |
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