EP4423199A1 - Gasbarriereschicht, nanokomposit-lack zur erzeugung der gasbarriereschicht sowie verfahren zur herstellung des lacks - Google Patents
Gasbarriereschicht, nanokomposit-lack zur erzeugung der gasbarriereschicht sowie verfahren zur herstellung des lacksInfo
- Publication number
- EP4423199A1 EP4423199A1 EP22801809.9A EP22801809A EP4423199A1 EP 4423199 A1 EP4423199 A1 EP 4423199A1 EP 22801809 A EP22801809 A EP 22801809A EP 4423199 A1 EP4423199 A1 EP 4423199A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- gas barrier
- barrier layer
- nanoparticles
- mass
- paint
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
- C09D5/00—Coating compositions, e.g. paints, varnishes or lacquers, characterised by their physical nature or the effects produced; Filling pastes
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
- C09D7/00—Features of coating compositions, not provided for in group C09D5/00; Processes for incorporating ingredients in coating compositions
- C09D7/40—Additives
- C09D7/60—Additives non-macromolecular
- C09D7/61—Additives non-macromolecular inorganic
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
- C09D123/00—Coating compositions based on homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond; Coating compositions based on derivatives of such polymers
- C09D123/02—Coating compositions based on homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond; Coating compositions based on derivatives of such polymers not modified by chemical after-treatment
- C09D123/04—Homopolymers or copolymers of ethene
- C09D123/08—Copolymers of ethene
- C09D123/0846—Copolymers of ethene with unsaturated hydrocarbons containing other atoms than carbon or hydrogen atoms
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
- C09D129/00—Coating compositions based on homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by an alcohol, ether, aldehydo, ketonic, acetal, or ketal radical; Coating compositions based on hydrolysed polymers of esters of unsaturated alcohols with saturated carboxylic acids; Coating compositions based on derivatives of such polymers
- C09D129/02—Homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated alcohols
- C09D129/04—Polyvinyl alcohol; Partially hydrolysed homopolymers or copolymers of esters of unsaturated alcohols with saturated carboxylic acids
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
- C09D7/00—Features of coating compositions, not provided for in group C09D5/00; Processes for incorporating ingredients in coating compositions
- C09D7/40—Additives
- C09D7/70—Additives characterised by shape, e.g. fibres, flakes or microspheres
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
- C09D7/00—Features of coating compositions, not provided for in group C09D5/00; Processes for incorporating ingredients in coating compositions
- C09D7/80—Processes for incorporating ingredients
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K2201/00—Specific properties of additives
- C08K2201/002—Physical properties
- C08K2201/004—Additives being defined by their length
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K2201/00—Specific properties of additives
- C08K2201/011—Nanostructured additives
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K7/00—Use of ingredients characterised by shape
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a gas barrier layer made of a polymeric material in which platelet-shaped nanoparticles are embedded.
- the invention also relates to a nanocomposite paint for producing the gas barrier layer and a method for producing the nanocomposite paint.
- nanoparticle is understood to mean a particle which has an extension of less than 100 nm in at least one dimension.
- the dimension with the smallest expansion is called thickness, the other two dimensions are called length and width.
- lacquer implies that the nanocomposite is liquid and ready to be coated.
- the (gas) barrier layer is defined in this patent application as the cured nanocomposite paint that has a certain dry layer thickness and contains the components polymer and nanoparticles.
- the nanocomposite paint is used to create or increase the gas barrier of flexible surfaces, such as foils or paper, or on solid three-dimensional, oscillating or vibrating surfaces, for example by (dynamic) mechanical force be elastically or plastically deformed.
- flexible surfaces such as foils or paper
- solid three-dimensional, oscillating or vibrating surfaces for example by (dynamic) mechanical force be elastically or plastically deformed.
- These include, for example, containers made of different materials that are subjected to changing pressures or oscillating, vibrating, alternately stressed and relaxed components such as container walls, pipelines, valves or seals, which consist of materials that are partially well permeable to gases.
- These permeable materials can be plastics, metals, ceramics, natural materials or composites and are provided with the barrier layer to provide a barrier effect against water vapor, hydrogen, helium, oxygen or other gases.
- Another possible area of application for the nanocomposite paint is the coating of materials from furniture construction to reduce the outgassing of formaldehyde or other solvents
- Gas barriers are required in many technical applications. They are used when it needs to be ensured that a gas does not diffuse through a material (plastic, metal, natural substance) or only to a very small extent, in order to either store an enclosed gas largely loss-free or to store an enclosed product (e.g. food). protect against incoming gas. If the intrinsic gas barrier of the material used is not sufficient to meet the barrier requirement, the barrier can be created by a finishing step, usually by vapor deposition or painting, or an existing barrier can be improved.
- the term "barrier” in this case denotes the resistance of the material to the permeation of the gas. The permeation rate is defined as the volume of gas that permeates through a specific area per unit of time at a specific pressure difference. The lower this permeating volume of gas, the better the barrier.
- the finishing step for applying a barrier is necessary because the substrate material is usually chosen with regard to its mechanical, haptic and/or optical properties and often provides no or only a very poor barrier (e.g. paper, natural material films, plastics, etc.).
- Some finishing steps for applying a gas barrier are known in the prior art.
- vapor deposition for example, a layer of metal oxide or silicon oxide is applied via physical vapor deposition. These methods are mainly used to create high barriers against oxygen and water vapor.
- the systems for gas phase deposition are very expensive, and the energy required for the gas phase deposition process is also relatively high. In particular, applying the vacuum requires a lot of time and energy.
- a coating with barrier coatings represents a second possibility to improve the barrier.
- solvent-based barrier coatings e.g. PVDC systems
- solvent-based systems are increasingly undesirable in the (food) industry.
- the international patent application WO 2016087578 A1 describes the coating of a substrate with two superimposed layers of different composition to produce a gas barrier.
- the first composition includes an alcohol based binder and an inorganic particulate material.
- the second composition comprises a latex binder and a phyllosilicate.
- the alcohol-based binder u. a. Called polyvinyl alcohol, as an inorganic particulate material, and the like.
- a. a plate-like phyllosilicate The phyllosilicate is previously comminuted by one or more comminution steps, in particular by milling. For comminution, beads or granules made of a plastic (e.g. nylon), sand or ceramic grinding or grinding aids.
- US 2018215896 A1 discloses a transparent, self-organized, highly ordered polymer nanocomposite coating on a substrate.
- the polymer nanocomposite coating comprises a water-dispersible polymer with pendant groups on the backbone that can be polar or ionic.
- the polymer-nanocomposite coating further comprises high aspect ratio platelet-shaped nanoparticles having small ions or molecules on their surface.
- Polyvinyl alcohol (PVOH) for example, is used as a water-dispersible polymer, and smectite clay, such as e.g. B. montmorillonite (MMT).
- MMT montmorillonite
- the platelet-shaped nanoparticles are contained in the coating composition in a concentration of 0.1%-0.5% by weight, preferably 0.15-0.45% by weight.
- the varnish thus formed is applied by ink jet printer, spraying or dipping.
- the publication does not provide any further details on obtaining the platelet-shaped nanoparticles from the starting
- the object of the present invention is to provide a gas barrier layer, a nanocomposite paint suitable for producing the gas barrier layer and a method for its production, which enable the production of a highly functional and inexpensive gas barrier as a single layer, which has long-lasting barrier properties on flexible films and moving components ensures can be made transparent and easy to apply and to drying is .
- the gas barrier layer should also have a high barrier effect against smaller gas molecules such as helium or hydrogen.
- gas barrier layer according to claim 1 the nanocomposite paint according to claim 9 and the method for production according to claim 17.
- Advantageous configurations of the gas barrier layer, the nanocomposite paint for its production and the method for production are the subject matter of the dependent patent claims or can be found in the following description and the exemplary embodiments.
- the gas barrier layer according to the invention consists of a polymeric material in which platelet-shaped nanoparticles are embedded.
- the nanoparticles are silicates, in particular phyllosilicates, and have a size distribution in the polymeric material that is at least as homogeneous as when montmorillonites are exfoliated as nanoparticles in a ball mill (PULVERISETTE 6 from Fritsch) at a rotation speed of 400 rpm for more than 30 minutes is obtained, which is operated with a zirconium dioxide container and zirconium dioxide balls with a ball diameter of less than 50 mm.
- PULVERISETTE 6 from Fritsch
- the homogeneous size distribution of the nanoparticles in the gas barrier layer according to the invention can therefore be veri fi ed by comparison with the homogeneity of the size distribution in a gas barrier layer in which the nanoparticles are montmorillonites, which are among the were exfoliated under the conditions given above and appropriately dispersed in the polymeric material.
- the size distribution in the gas barrier layer according to the invention has at least this homogeneity.
- the gas barrier layer has a permeation rate for helium which is less than 250 cm 3 - (STP) lpm/(m 2 -d-bar) per pm of layer thickness.
- the permeation rate for oxygen is 0.05 to 0.2 cm 3 (STP) • Ipm/(m2 • d-bar) per pm layer thickness.
- the proposed nanocomposite paint for producing the gas barrier layer is formed by a mixture of a polymeric binder, preferably a water-soluble polymeric binder, and platelet-shaped nanoparticles, which are dispersed in the binder.
- the nanocomposite paint is characterized in that the nanoparticles are silicates, in particular phyllosilicates, which have at least as homogeneous a size distribution in the binder as when montmorillonites are exfoliated as nanoparticles in a ball mill (PULVERISETTE 6 from Fritsch) at a rotational speed of 400 rpm for more than 30 minutes, which is operated with a zirconium dioxide container and zirconium dioxide balls with a ball diameter of less than 50 mm.
- PULVERISETTE 6 from Fritsch
- This homogeneous size distribution is characterized by a small proportion of agglomerates of nanoparticles in the nanocomposite paint and also in the barrier layer, ie in the cured nanocomposite paint.
- the agglomerates are larger particles in the paint and the barrier layer with those described below different methods are detectable.
- a small proportion is understood here to mean the ratios below relating to the detection methods.
- Fig. 4 shows an example of such a homogeneous size distribution of the nanoparticles in the paint according to the invention, as can be obtained by crushing the particles with a ball mill, in comparison to a paint (comparative paint) that does not have such a homogeneous distribution of the nanoparticles.
- Another maximum of the distribution with a larger particle radius is clearly pronounced in the comparison paint from the figure, while the paint according to the invention has a significantly more homogeneous distribution with only one maximum.
- the sum of these sectional areas of the agglomerates or larger silicate particles is set in relation to the total area of the cross section of the barrier layer.
- the sum of the cut areas >0.01 gm 2 of silicate particles based on the total area of the cross section of the barrier layer is less than 10%, advantageously less than 5%, particularly advantageously less than 3% or 1%.
- FIG. Fig. 3A schematically shows the cut surfaces of silicate particles with a cut surface >0.01 gm 2 in the comparison layer
- FIG. 3B these cut surfaces in an exemplary embodiment of the gas barrier layer according to the invention.
- the proportion of agglomerates in the paint can be determined using the known technique of laser diffraction. With the specified homogeneous size distribution of the nanoparticles in the nanocomposite paint, a proportion of particles with an extension >1 ⁇ m in at least one dimension is less than 10% in a particle size distribution determined by means of laser diffraction.
- This homogeneous size distribution represents an essential feature of the proposed gas barrier layer and also of the nanocomposite paint used to produce it, since it requires a special comminution of the silicate particles present as agglomerates, as is achieved with the proposed production method. Due to this homogeneous distribution of the nanoparticles used, in connection with the binder used, a good gas barrier is achieved even against smaller gas molecules such as helium even with thin layers of the applied and dried nanocomposite paint, for example with a coating thickness of 1-20 ⁇ m.
- the proposed nanocomposite paint has a brightness L*, determined according to CIE-L* a*b* color measurement, of greater than 80, preferably greater than 85, particularly preferably greater than 90. This brightness results from the homogeneous size distribution with no or only a very small proportion of agglomerates.
- the polymeric binder used is preferably polyvinyl alcohol in a proportion of between 1 and 40% by weight. -% of ethylene, preferably between 6 and 10 mass. -% of ethylene used, with the use of an acrylate, a polyurethane solution or a polyvinylidene chloride solution (PVDC) being advantageous.
- Montmorillonites are used particularly advantageously as nanoparticles.
- the platelet-shaped nanoparticles preferably have a thickness in the range from 10 to 30 nm and a surface length in the range from 150 to 500 nm. The surface length is the greatest extension perpendicular to the thickness direction of the plate or particle understood .
- the thickness direction corresponds to the direction of least expansion.
- the nanoparticles preferably have a proportion of 10 to 80% by mass, better 25 to 60% by mass, particularly advantageously about 50% by mass, of the total solids content of the gas barrier layer and the nanocomposite paint. In principle, a proportion of between 5% by mass and up to 90% by mass of the nanoparticles in the total solids content is possible.
- the total solids content is understood to mean the sum of nanoparticles and polymer of the binder or polymeric material. In the paint, this total solids content, hereinafter also referred to as the solids content of the paint, can be varied from 0.5 to 20% by mass.
- a total solids content of 3 to 8% by mass is advantageous, particularly advantageously about 6% by mass in the paint.
- the solids content determines the viscosity of the paint, which, among other things, is crucial for the application behavior.
- Conventional paint application processes can be used to apply the paint to a substrate, for example a polymer film.
- the paint is thereby distributed evenly on the surface to be coated and dried after application in order to evaporate or evaporate the water (or solvent).
- the paint hardens more and more.
- the gas barrier layer according to the invention thus consists of a proportion of platelet-shaped silicate nanoparticles and polymeric and preferably water-soluble binders, such as polyvinyl alcohol (with a proportion of ethylene) or another, which encloses the nanoparticles as a matrix.
- binders such as polyvinyl alcohol (with a proportion of ethylene) or another, which encloses the nanoparticles as a matrix.
- Other Binders can be, for example, acrylate dispersions, PVDC
- the drying is carried out in such a way that the evaporation rate is between 5 and 100 g/m 2 per minute, advantageously between 10 and 50 g/m 2 per minute. It is particularly advantageous for the lacquer layer applied to be dried at a temperature of 80° C. with an evaporation rate of approximately 30 g/m 2 per minute. In general, the possible drying temperature is usually determined by the substrate. Drying temperatures from room temperature up to 140°C are possible for the nanocomposite paint.
- Drying preferably takes place until the water content in the dried lacquer layer, ie the gas barrier layer according to the invention, is 0.3-10% by mass, advantageously between 0.5 and 5% by mass, particularly advantageously between 0.6 and 1% by mass. -% amounts to.
- the information on the water content relates to a determination using the Karl Fischer method.
- polyvinyl alcohol with a proportion of ethylene or ethylene vinyl alcohol (EVOH) as a binder an interaction in the form of hydrogen bonds takes place between the silicate particles and the EVOH.
- the terminal hydroxide groups of an EVOH chain interact with the terminal oxygen atoms of the silicon tetrahedra of the silicates. This interaction can be detected using an FTIR measurement, in which the stretching mode of the carbon-oxygen bond shifts from 1092 cm-1 to shorter wavenumbers and the silicon-oxygen bond stretching mode from 1026 cm-1 to higher wavenumbers.
- the drying process creates a thin, solid layer with embedded nanoparticles, which, depending on the introduction and arrangement of the particles, has a certain degree of flexibility and is therefore also very good on flexible foils, vibrating components and on the surfaces of systems or containers that are subject to pressure fluctuations Gas barrier maintained for such mechanically loaded components.
- the lacquer layer is particularly advantageously applied in such a way that the particles in the dried layer are aligned flat to a certain extent, with less than 50%, better less than 25%, particularly advantageously less than 10% of the mass of the particles having an alignment greater than 70 ° (angle a), less than 60%, better less than 30%, particularly advantageously less than 15% of the mass of the particles show an orientation of greater than 60 ° (angle a), particularly advantageously less than 25% of the mass of the particles show an orientation greater than 45° (angle a).
- the angle ⁇ and the orientation of the particles 1 in the dried layer 2 on the substrate 3 are indicated schematically in FIG.
- more than 95% of the mass of the particles are aligned at an angle of -30 to +30° or better at an angle of -20 to +20° to the surface of the substrate.
- the gas barrier layer i. H . the layer of nanocomposite paint applied to the substrate and dried, a thickness of 0.2 - 1000 ⁇ m, preferably 1-20 ⁇ m, particularly advantageously 1-3 ⁇ m.
- the visual appearance after application is transparent to milky and, depending on the nanoparticles used, can be colored from whitish (e.g. in the case of montmorillonites) to slightly brownish. Other colors are also possible.
- contact transparency also occurs in some cases.
- the gas barrier layer according to the invention not only significantly slows down the permeation of oxygen in films, but also that the gas barrier also has a very good barrier against much smaller gas molecules due to the homogeneous size distribution of the nanoparticles and also with gases such as helium or hydrogen reduces the mass transfer to less than 250, advantageously less than 100, particularly advantageously less than 50 cm 3 ⁇ pm/m 2 ⁇ d ⁇ bar.
- gases such as helium or hydrogen
- the gas barrier can already be produced with a single coat of the proposed nanocomposite paint. However, it can also be produced by a combination of several layers with different functions, for example by an alternating build-up of layers made of stretchable and soft polymer and layers made of the proposed nanocomposite paint, ie gas barrier layers according to the invention.
- the flexible layers are used for homogeneous force distribution during bending, stretching, compression or vibration.
- platelet-shaped nanoparticles are built into a polymer matrix.
- a suspension of water and platelet-shaped nanoparticles is produced and mixed with a preferably water-soluble polymeric binder.
- the method is characterized in that the platelet-shaped nanoparticles are formed from silicates, in particular phyllosilicates, which are comminuted with a dispersing mill, a rotary mill or a ball mill in such a way that the nanoparticles have a size distribution that is at least as homogeneous as that obtained with an exfoliation of montmorillonites as nanoparticles in a ball mill (PULVERISETTE 6 from Fritsch) at a rotation speed of 400 rpm for more than 30 minutes, using a zirconium dioxide container and zirconium dioxide balls is operated with a ball diameter of less than 50 mm.
- silicates in particular phyllosilicates
- montmorillonites are used as nanoparticles.
- the montorillonite For the use of montmorillonite as a platelet-like barrier for diffusing molecules, the montorillonite must first be singulated or exfoliated to the nanoscale. This is done by mechanical crushing combined with intensive mechanical shearing. It turns out that there are very large differences in the effectiveness of the gas barrier, depending on how intensively the comminution in water takes place.
- Particular advantages result from the use of high-shear processes according to the proposed process, in particular from the use of dispersing mills, ball mills or rotary mills.
- a ball mill operated with zirconium dioxide containers and zirconium dioxide balls is particularly advantageous. This leads to the formation of a particularly good gas barrier.
- the balls preferably have a diameter of less than 50 mm, advantageously less than 20 mm, better less than 10 mm, particularly advantageously 3 mm in diameter.
- a particularly advantageous setting for this process is a rotation speed between 250 and 500 rpm, particularly preferably a rotation speed of 400 rpm, and that the process lasts more than 30 minutes, advantageously more than 60 minutes, particularly advantageously 120 minutes or longer is carried out.
- other settings are also conceivable with regard to the material of the grinding container and the balls, the ball size, the rotational speed and the duration, as long as the specified homogeneous size distribution is achieved.
- the nanoparticles After dispersing in water, the nanoparticles have an aspect ratio of 10-500, an aspect ratio of 20 is particularly advantageous.
- the aspect ratio describes the ratio of the longest dimension or Expansion (longest expansion perpendicular to the thickness direction) to the shortest dimension or Expansion (thickness of the plates) .
- the aspect ratio of 20 e.g. through plates or Platelet-shaped nanoparticles with a thickness of 25 nm and a surface length of 500 pm can be achieved.
- the thickness depends on how well the nanoparticles can be exfoliated and can range from 1-2 nm (when fully exfoliated to a single silicate plate) up to 100 nm.
- the word “exfoliate” means the separation of the mainly platelet-shaped nanoparticles from one another.
- the particles are initially present as a stack, with strong chemical, covalent, bonds present within the layers.
- the layers among themselves, i.e. one layer with the next, are separated by held together by van der Waals forces These van der Waals forces must be overcome in order to separate the layers from one another and to obtain the individual layers or platelets.
- the aspect ratio of the particles also largely determines the viscosity of the paint.
- the higher the aspect ratio with the same solids content the higher the viscosity of the nanoparticle dispersion and thus the higher the viscosity after mixing the dispersion with polymer.
- a higher aspect ratio also leads to a lengthening of the permeation path (tortuosity) 4 as is shown schematically in FIG.
- the tortuosity describes the Extension of the permeation path 4 through the polymer matrix, which is permeable to the permeating gas.
- the manufacturing process of the nanocomposite paint and its visual appearance have a particularly large influence on the properties of the gas barrier.
- the color of the paint can be used as a guideline for the barrier properties.
- the gas barrier produced with the proposed nanocomposite paint becomes particularly advantageous if the color of the paint becomes whitish before it is applied to the surface. It has been found that gas barriers produced according to the invention are particularly high when the color of the paint applied is snow-white, with L* values greater than 80, advantageously greater than 85, particularly advantageously greater than 90.
- the nanoparticle dispersion or the appropriate suspension of water and nanoparticles for introducing the polymer matrix is mixed with the polymer solution. It is advantageous if the polymer is introduced and dissolved directly into the nanoparticle dispersion. In a particularly advantageous embodiment, the binder is introduced directly into the nanoparticle dispersion and mixed with the suspension in the dispersing mill, rotary mill or ball mill. However, it can also be advantageous to first dissolve the polymer and then to mix the polymer solution with the nanoparticle dispersion.
- the paint can have a solids content of 0.5 to 10 mass. -% be produced, but preferably it is produced with a solids content of 3 to 8% by mass, more preferably from 6 to 8% by mass. With a solids content of 6 to 8% by mass, application using a doctor blade, reverse gravure or slot nozzle is advantageous. At a solids content of less than 2% by mass, the viscosity becomes so low that application by means of spray coating is possible and advantageous.
- the layer thickness of the dried paint can be 0.2 ⁇ m to 1 mm; a layer thickness of the dried lacquer of 1 ⁇ m is particularly advantageous.
- the gas barrier layer offers a very good gas barrier, the barrier to oxygen is particularly high, but also to hydrogen and helium.
- the gas barrier layer according to the invention or the paint proposed for producing the layer can therefore be used very universally for gases with a gas-kinetic diameter of ⁇ 0.35 nm.
- the layer or lacquer can be used where a high gas barrier against small gases (hydrogen, helium, oxygen) is required even at high pressures.
- the substrate can be a flexible component, such as a film or tube, but also a rigid or curved component, such as a pipe, or a component that stretches, such as a tank. This shows the inventive Gas barrier layer has particular advantages if the material of the component itself does not have a high gas barrier, such as polymers or natural substances.
- Metals, polymers, ceramics, natural materials (such as leather or wood) and their composites are also possible substrate materials.
- the application of the gas barrier layer on a film is combined with the sealing of a fixed component (e.g. tank).
- a fixed component e.g. tank
- a flexible and stretchable film is first provided with the gas barrier layer and then the film is placed in the container.
- the film can be glued to the surface of the container or fixed to the surface.
- the foil can also be placed only on the surface and pressed against the container wall by applying pressure inside the container. With this procedure, the formation and drying of the barrier can take place outside the container and spraying of the container from the inside can be avoided.
- Fig. 1 shows a schematic representation of the alignment of the platelet-shaped nanoparticles after application of the proposed nanocomposite paint for coating a substrate
- Fig. 2 is a schematic representation of the
- This liquid was diluted to a solids content of 3 mass. -% diluted with water and another 3 mass. -% EVOH added as granules to the liquid and dissolved at 90°C for 1h.
- the resulting nanocomposite paint was applied to a polypropylene film (PP).
- PP polypropylene film
- a squeegee method with a wire squeegee was used as the application method used , which applied a liquid layer thickness of 33 gm .
- the coated film was then dried in a circulating air oven at 80° C. for 2 minutes.
- the gas permeability was determined in accordance with DIN 53380-3 for oxygen.
- the permeation rates Q total obtained are the permeation rates of the coated film.
- the following formula 1 1 1 Qtotal Qsubstrate Qcoating is used.
- Permeation rate normalized to a layer thickness d in this case to a layer thickness of 1 gm.
- the layer thickness refers to the thickness of the dried paint or substrate.
- the pure PP foil has an oxygen permeation coefficient of 37500 cm 3 • Ipm/ (m 2 -d-bar) .
- a PP film coated with pure, 1 ⁇ m thick and dried EVOH has an oxygen permeation coefficient of 1.4 cm 3 • Ipm/(m 2 -d-bar).
- a PP film coated with the manufactured nanocomposite paint has an oxygen permeation coefficient of 0.12 cm 3 • Ipm/(m 2 -d-bar) at a dry layer thickness of 1 pm.
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Paints Or Removers (AREA)
- Application Of Or Painting With Fluid Materials (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE102021127635 | 2021-10-25 | ||
| PCT/EP2022/078653 WO2023072628A1 (de) | 2021-10-25 | 2022-10-14 | Gasbarriereschicht, nanokomposit-lack zur erzeugung der gasbarriereschicht sowie verfahren zur herstellung des lacks |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP4423199A1 true EP4423199A1 (de) | 2024-09-04 |
Family
ID=84331071
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP22801809.9A Pending EP4423199A1 (de) | 2021-10-25 | 2022-10-14 | Gasbarriereschicht, nanokomposit-lack zur erzeugung der gasbarriereschicht sowie verfahren zur herstellung des lacks |
Country Status (4)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US20250243372A1 (de) |
| EP (1) | EP4423199A1 (de) |
| JP (1) | JP2024539098A (de) |
| WO (1) | WO2023072628A1 (de) |
Family Cites Families (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US20060128505A1 (en) * | 2001-10-09 | 2006-06-15 | Sullivan Michael J | Golf ball layers having improved barrier properties |
| US20090064425A1 (en) * | 2005-04-08 | 2009-03-12 | University Of South Carolina | Polymer/Clay Nanocomposite Films with Improved Light Fastness Properties and Process for Producing Same |
| AT506652A1 (de) * | 2008-04-01 | 2009-10-15 | Greiner Bio One Gmbh | Verschlussvorrichtung |
| US11905389B2 (en) | 2014-07-28 | 2024-02-20 | Texas State University—San Marcos | Molecularly self-assembling nanocomposite barrier coating for gas barrier application and flame retardancy |
| CA2969559C (en) | 2014-12-03 | 2023-08-29 | Imerys Minerals Limited | Coated substrate |
-
2022
- 2022-10-14 US US18/704,179 patent/US20250243372A1/en active Pending
- 2022-10-14 WO PCT/EP2022/078653 patent/WO2023072628A1/de not_active Ceased
- 2022-10-14 EP EP22801809.9A patent/EP4423199A1/de active Pending
- 2022-10-14 JP JP2024523437A patent/JP2024539098A/ja active Pending
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JP2024539098A (ja) | 2024-10-28 |
| WO2023072628A1 (de) | 2023-05-04 |
| US20250243372A1 (en) | 2025-07-31 |
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