EP4413247A1 - Injektor zum einspritzen von kraftstoff - Google Patents
Injektor zum einspritzen von kraftstoffInfo
- Publication number
- EP4413247A1 EP4413247A1 EP22836076.4A EP22836076A EP4413247A1 EP 4413247 A1 EP4413247 A1 EP 4413247A1 EP 22836076 A EP22836076 A EP 22836076A EP 4413247 A1 EP4413247 A1 EP 4413247A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- valve plate
- valve
- injector
- tappet
- armature
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M21/00—Apparatus for supplying engines with non-liquid fuels, e.g. gaseous fuels stored in liquid form
- F02M21/02—Apparatus for supplying engines with non-liquid fuels, e.g. gaseous fuels stored in liquid form for gaseous fuels
- F02M21/0203—Apparatus for supplying engines with non-liquid fuels, e.g. gaseous fuels stored in liquid form for gaseous fuels characterised by the type of gaseous fuel
- F02M21/0206—Non-hydrocarbon fuels, e.g. hydrogen, ammonia or carbon monoxide
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M21/00—Apparatus for supplying engines with non-liquid fuels, e.g. gaseous fuels stored in liquid form
- F02M21/02—Apparatus for supplying engines with non-liquid fuels, e.g. gaseous fuels stored in liquid form for gaseous fuels
- F02M21/0218—Details on the gaseous fuel supply system, e.g. tanks, valves, pipes, pumps, rails, injectors or mixers
- F02M21/0248—Injectors
- F02M21/0257—Details of the valve closing elements, e.g. valve seats, stems or arrangement of flow passages
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M21/00—Apparatus for supplying engines with non-liquid fuels, e.g. gaseous fuels stored in liquid form
- F02M21/02—Apparatus for supplying engines with non-liquid fuels, e.g. gaseous fuels stored in liquid form for gaseous fuels
- F02M21/0218—Details on the gaseous fuel supply system, e.g. tanks, valves, pipes, pumps, rails, injectors or mixers
- F02M21/023—Valves; Pressure or flow regulators in the fuel supply or return system
- F02M21/0242—Shut-off valves; Check valves; Safety valves; Pressure relief valves
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M21/00—Apparatus for supplying engines with non-liquid fuels, e.g. gaseous fuels stored in liquid form
- F02M21/02—Apparatus for supplying engines with non-liquid fuels, e.g. gaseous fuels stored in liquid form for gaseous fuels
- F02M21/0218—Details on the gaseous fuel supply system, e.g. tanks, valves, pipes, pumps, rails, injectors or mixers
- F02M21/0248—Injectors
- F02M21/0257—Details of the valve closing elements, e.g. valve seats, stems or arrangement of flow passages
- F02M21/026—Lift valves, i.e. stem operated valves
- F02M21/0263—Inwardly opening single or multi nozzle valves, e.g. needle valves
- F02M21/0266—Hollow stem valves; Piston valves; Stems having a spherical tip
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M21/00—Apparatus for supplying engines with non-liquid fuels, e.g. gaseous fuels stored in liquid form
- F02M21/02—Apparatus for supplying engines with non-liquid fuels, e.g. gaseous fuels stored in liquid form for gaseous fuels
- F02M21/0218—Details on the gaseous fuel supply system, e.g. tanks, valves, pipes, pumps, rails, injectors or mixers
- F02M21/0248—Injectors
- F02M21/0275—Injectors for in-cylinder direct injection, e.g. injector combined with spark plug
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M21/00—Apparatus for supplying engines with non-liquid fuels, e.g. gaseous fuels stored in liquid form
- F02M21/02—Apparatus for supplying engines with non-liquid fuels, e.g. gaseous fuels stored in liquid form for gaseous fuels
- F02M21/0218—Details on the gaseous fuel supply system, e.g. tanks, valves, pipes, pumps, rails, injectors or mixers
- F02M21/0293—Safety devices; Fail-safe measures
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M47/00—Fuel-injection apparatus operated cyclically with fuel-injection valves actuated by fluid pressure
- F02M47/02—Fuel-injection apparatus operated cyclically with fuel-injection valves actuated by fluid pressure of accumulator-injector type, i.e. having fuel pressure of accumulator tending to open, and fuel pressure in other chamber tending to close, injection valves and having means for periodically releasing that closing pressure
- F02M47/027—Electrically actuated valves draining the chamber to release the closing pressure
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M61/00—Fuel-injectors not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00
- F02M61/16—Details not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of groups F02M61/02 - F02M61/14
- F02M61/18—Injection nozzles, e.g. having valve seats; Details of valve member seated ends, not otherwise provided for
- F02M61/1853—Orifice plates
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M61/00—Fuel-injectors not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00
- F02M61/16—Details not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of groups F02M61/02 - F02M61/14
- F02M61/18—Injection nozzles, e.g. having valve seats; Details of valve member seated ends, not otherwise provided for
- F02M61/1886—Details of valve seats not covered by groups F02M61/1866 - F02M61/188
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M63/00—Other fuel-injection apparatus having pertinent characteristics not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00; Details, component parts, or accessories of fuel-injection apparatus, not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of groups F02M39/00 - F02M61/00 or F02M67/00; Combination of fuel pump with other devices, e.g. lubricating oil pump
- F02M63/0012—Valves
- F02M63/0031—Valves characterized by the type of valves, e.g. special valve member details, valve seat details, valve housing details
- F02M63/0054—Check valves
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M2200/00—Details of fuel-injection apparatus, not otherwise provided for
- F02M2200/30—Fuel-injection apparatus having mechanical parts, the movement of which is damped
- F02M2200/306—Fuel-injection apparatus having mechanical parts, the movement of which is damped using mechanical means
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
- Y02T10/30—Use of alternative fuels, e.g. biofuels
Definitions
- the present invention relates to an injector for injecting fuel, in particular for blowing in a gas, preferably for blowing in hydrogen directly. It can be provided that the injector is designed to inject fuel into a combustion chamber of an internal combustion engine.
- battery-powered drives meet the zero-emissions directive during operation and are v. a. on the rise in the passenger car sector. If, on the other hand, the entire value chain is considered, the production of (lithium) batteries is very expensive in terms of energy and problematic from an environmental point of view, since the mining of raw materials causes severe environmental damage and the mining of the raw materials required for the batteries cannot be carried out sustainably. In addition, with the power-to-weight ratio that can be achieved today, use in machines with a high (peak) power requirement is not possible.
- Fuel cell-powered drives powered by regeneratively produced hydrogen meet the specified climate protection goals and are already in use to a very limited extent. However, this concept also has some disadvantages, e.g. a low peak power compared to today's diesel drives and low economic efficiency.
- the injector takes up only a small installation space and/or has a small axial length.
- a fuel injector is to be created that enables reliable operation even under high thermal loads.
- the injector is reliably sealed against the pressure in the cylinder during its compression phase, since the high cylinder pressure would otherwise press the switchable valve into the open position.
- rapid and stable opening is possible with the injector, in which case the flow is not throttled.
- An injector for injecting fuel preferably for blowing in a gaseous fuel, in particular hydrogen, comprises a fuel supply line for introducing a gaseous fuel under high pressure, an active valve which can be actively switched and is designed to have at least one passage at a first to close or to open a side of a valve plate to selectively open or to interrupt a flow connection from the fuel supply line to an area downstream of the first side of the valve plate, and a passive valve, which is arranged downstream of the valve plate and through upstream and downstream of the passive valve abutting different Pressure conditions can be switched passively in a closing or releasing state.
- the injector is characterized in that the passive valve is designed to close or open the at least one passage of the valve plate on a second side of the valve plate facing away from the first side with a tappet in order to selectively establish a flow connection from the second side of the valve plate to an area to release or interrupt downstream of the passive valve.
- the tappet of the passive valve attaches directly to the second side (for example the underside) of the valve plate, a particularly space-saving configuration of an injector results.
- a further sealing surface was provided for the implementation of the passive valve, which is arranged downstream of the valve plate, which inevitably leads to an axial enlargement of the injector. Since, according to the invention, the first side of the valve plate can be sealed by the actively switchable armature and the side of the valve plate facing away from it can be sealed by the plunger of the passive valve, this results in a particularly space-saving configuration of an injector that is compact in the longitudinal direction and reduces the installation space required.
- Another advantage of the invention is that an unintentional lifting of the armature from the valve plate due to a pressure surge or a very high pressure level, which spreads for example during a compression phase of the cylinder or during combustion from the combustion chamber in the direction of the valve plate, results in the Plunger of the passive valve is pushed into its closed position against the valve plate.
- the passive valve therefore ensures that the valve and needle chambers are sealed against the cylinder pressure.
- the spring force with which the armature has to be pressed onto the valve plate in a closed position for a secure seal can also be reduced, which has a further advantageous effect on the dimensioning and the costs of the injector.
- the tappet of the passive valve that can be moved back and forth is in contact with the second side of the valve plate in order to seal the at least one passage of the valve plate.
- the ram that can be moved back and forth makes contact with the second side (underside) of the valve plate and thus seals off the at least one passage penetrating the valve plate from the second side.
- an armature of the active valve that can be moved back and forth in the longitudinal direction of the injector is in contact with the first side of the valve plate in order to separate the at least one passage of the valve plate from the first Seal side, preferably wherein the injector further comprises a coil which is designed to move the armature from its closed position by means of magnetic force.
- the valve plate On the first side (for example an upper side) of the valve plate is usually lifted from a closed position with the help of a coil Armature of at least one passage of the valve plate either closed or released.
- a coil Armature of at least one passage of the valve plate In a closed position, the armature seals the at least one passage of the valve plate, so that a fluid flow guided through the valve plate along the valve plate is prevented.
- a coil can optionally be provided which, when energized, generates a magnetic field which leads to the armature being raised, so that the at least one passage is released.
- the armature when the active valve is in a closed state, the armature is in direct contact with the first side of the valve plate or is in indirect contact via an intermediate element.
- the intermediate element can represent a sealing element that surrounds the opening contour on the circumference or completely covers it and is arranged, for example, on the end face of the valve plate facing the armature.
- the sealing element is arranged on the end face of the armature facing the valve plate or is arranged freely movable between the valve plate and armature.
- the stop of the tappet contacting the valve plate is designed as a flat seal, conical seal and/or ball seal. It is clear to the person skilled in the art that a large number of possible contact pairings can lead to a desired sealing effect.
- the flat gasket is particularly advantageous because during an opening process, in which the tappet is pushed away from the valve plate from a closing position, the fuel flow originating from the fuel supply line impinges directly on a flat plate, so that a high back pressure is created and large pressure forces are exerted , which open the plunger quickly and safely.
- the injector also includes an urging device which is designed to urge the tappet of the passive valve towards the valve plate in the closed position.
- the urging device comprises a spring element, in particular the spring element being a spiral spring.
- the spring element can be supported on an immovable counter-stop, which also has the task of limiting the maximum stroke of the ram. The counter-stop thus defines the maximum distance that the tappet can take from the valve plate.
- the counter-stop on which the spring element is supported, is only open towards the valve plate and is otherwise closed in a fluid-tight manner.
- the counter-stop comprises a first section running radially to the longitudinal direction of the injector and an adjoining second section running parallel to the longitudinal direction of the injector, which is preferably arranged coaxially to the injection pipe. The end of a spring element remote from the valve plate can be inserted into this circular pocket-like embodiment of the counter-stop, in particular the end of a spiral spring remote from the valve plate.
- the opening contour of the plunger is only arranged in an area which is inside the circular contour (when viewed in cross section) when placed on the counter-stop, which is circular in cross section of the contact area with the plunger.
- an intermediate element to be arranged between the tappet and the valve plate, which is in contact with the tappet on a first side and the valve plate on an opposite side when the passive valve is in a closed position.
- the intermediate element can be designed as a sealing element and enclose or cover an opening contour of the valve plate on the end face facing the tappet. If the tappet and valve plate are brought together, the intermediate element, designed as a sealing element, fluidly seals the at least one passage through the valve plate in conjunction with the tappet.
- the intermediate element is made of a flexible material, in particular an elastomer, in order to reduce bouncing of the tappet when it hits the valve plate. In addition to an advantageous sealing effect, this also alleviates the problem caused by the tappet bouncing on the valve plate. If the intermediate element is made of a flexible material or if it comprises a flexible material, the stop is dampened when the tappet makes contact with the valve plate, so that bouncing is reduced.
- the intermediate element is made of a heat-insulating material, in particular comprises a ceramic material or is made of a ceramic. If the intermediate element has heat-insulating properties, this means that components arranged upstream are shielded from the high temperatures that typically occur when fuel is burned. It is then possible to use components that are specified in a lower temperature range and can therefore consist of less expensive materials and enable an overall cheaper injector.
- the intermediate element is or comprises a coating arranged on the end face of the tappet facing the valve plate and/or comprises or is a coating arranged on the end face of the valve plate facing the tappet.
- the intermediate element does not necessarily have to be designed as a separate disc or film, but can also be implemented by a coating arranged either on the tappet and/or the valve plate. This is regarding Production of the injector is advantageous since, with a coating on the tappet and/or the valve plate, fewer components have to be assembled manually or in an automated manner during production of the injector.
- the intermediate element is fastened to the tappet and/or the valve plate or is arranged so that it can move freely between the tappet and the valve plate.
- the intermediate element it is conceivable for the intermediate element to be implemented as a shim or shim, which is also inserted in the ram guide section surrounding the ram on the peripheral side and is guided there.
- This implementation is particularly advantageous with regard to future maintenance costs, since it is to be expected that the intermediate element will be subject to particularly high wear. If this is the case, a worn disc can simply be removed and replaced with a new disc, allowing the original tappet and valve plate to be used.
- a counter-stop limiting the maximum stroke of the tappet from the valve plate is provided, which is preferably provided with at least one damping element in order to dampen hitting of the tappet and reduce bouncing.
- the damping element used here can consist of a flexible material or can include such a material and is in particular made of an elastomer.
- the tappet of the passive valve has an opening contour through which the gaseous fuel originating from the fuel supply line flows downstream.
- the opening contour is implemented by a single bore, preferably a single central bore, in the tappet.
- the orifice contour presents the only passage for the gaseous fuel through which downstream flow can occur. This is implemented, for example, when the counter-stop is designed continuously on the inner circumference of the injection pipe in such a way that a fluid does not flow in the connection area of the counter-stop and the injection pipe surrounding the counter-stop.
- the invention also relates to an internal combustion engine with a fuel injection, in particular with a gas direct injection, in particular with a hydrogen direct injection, comprising an injector according to one of the preceding claims 1-14.
- Fig. 2 an illustration of different states of components and pressures in an injector
- 4a-b a schematic sectional view of the injector according to the invention in a closed and an open state
- FIG. 1 The following detailed description of the figures of FIG. 1 is explained using an injector for blowing in a gaseous fuel, although it is clear to the person skilled in the art that the invention also includes an injector for injecting a different fuel.
- the injector 1 shows a longitudinal section of an injector 1 for injecting a gaseous fuel, for example hydrogen, into a combustion chamber.
- the injector 1 has an injector housing in which different components of the injector 1 are located.
- a fuel supply line 2 for introducing fuel into the injector 1 is provided on the connection side.
- the fuel or another combustible fluid e.g. hydrogen
- the fuel or another combustible fluid is fed through a hole in a cover 16 running approximately centrally in the injector housing and then through a fluid channel in an armature counterpart 19, a through-opening in the armature base 23 and the hollow interior of the armature 7, sometimes also called hollow needle or just needle, to the end of the armature 7 remote from the terminal side.
- the openings A1 penetrating the valve plate 5 are closed or opened.
- the passages A1 are closed by the armature 7 being pressed against the valve plate 5, since the end face of the armature 7 covers the opening contours of the passages A1.
- sealing elements 25 can be provided, which run around the opening contours of the passages A1 and contact the end face of the armature 7 in a sealing state. If the passages A1 are closed by the face of the armature 7, the fluid flow of the fuel at this point of the injector 1 is stopped and there is no downstream flow of fuel beyond the valve plate 5.
- the fuel introduced into the injector 1 with a certain pressure flows out and passes through the plurality of passages A1 on the side spaced apart from the armature 7 the valve plate 5.
- the pressurized fuel flows out of the injector through the injection cap 28.
- the fuel delivered by the injector 1 is then typically located outside the injector 1 in a combustion chamber.
- the fuel is typically compressed in the combustion chamber 16, where the fuel then ignites or is ignited.
- the passive valve 4 has a valve tappet 6, a valve guide 27 and a valve spring 10, which urges the valve tappet 6 in a closing direction, so that fuel flows out via the opening contour A2 of the passive valve 4 only when on the valve plate 5 facing Side of the passive valve 4 there is a pressure which is greater than the pressure on the side facing away from the passive valve 4 to the valve plate 5 by at least the restoring force of the valve tappet 6 exerted by the valve spring 10 . This prevents a fluid from flowing in from the side of the passive valve 4 facing the combustion chamber.
- the opening contour is implemented by a single bore, preferably a single central bore, through which the flow of the gaseous fuel is guided through the passive valve. The provision of only one bore in the passive valve can be advantageous with regard to the required manufacturing costs of the passive valve and any turbulence that occurs in the flow guidance.
- the armature 7 is reciprocally movable in the longitudinal direction of the injector 1 .
- the movement of the armature 7, which can consist of one piece or an armature base 23 and an armature tip (also called a needle or hollow needle), is controlled via an active valve 3, which is a solenoid valve in the present representation of FIG.
- the armature 7 is designed in such a way that it reacts to the magnetic force generated by a coil 8 . Current can optionally flow through the coil 8 in such a way that the resulting magnetic force moves the armature 7 in the direction of the fuel connection 2 .
- This movement causes the armature 7 to be raised relative to the valve plate 5. This opens up the passages A1 in the valve plate 5, so that fuel can flow through the valve plate 5.
- an armature guide 24 can be provided which encloses an outer side of the armature 7 on the peripheral side.
- An air gap 22 is provided between the armature 7 and the armature counterpart 19 and is closed or reduced when the coil 8 is energized.
- the coil 8 can be surrounded on its peripheral outside by an iron yoke 21 in which the magnetic field can propagate particularly well.
- the situation is similar with the housing component directly surrounding the anchor element 5 and the anchor counterpart 27. which also preferably consists of a magnetizable material. So it can be advantageous if the pole tube 18, which is a part of the injector housing 2, is also made of iron or another ferromagnetic material. The same also applies to the armature counterpart 19, which advantageously also consists of a magnetizable material.
- a visualized representation of the magnetic field lines 12 is illustrated in each case by the dotted, closed line that runs in a circle around the coil.
- the magnetic force pulls the armature element 7 (together with the armature base 23) towards the armature counterpart 19 and thus lifts it off the valve plate 5 or from the passages A1 breaking through the valve plate 5, so that fuel can flow towards the passive valve. from where fuel is ultimately introduced into the combustion chamber via the injection cap 28 .
- FIG. 2 shows the basic behavior of the injector 1 during an injection.
- the armature 7 and valve tappet 6 are pressed into their respective stops by the prestressed armature spring 17 or passive valve spring 10 and close the throttle points A1 or A2, which connect the needle chamber with the valve chamber or Connect the valve chamber to the injection chamber when armature 7 or valve tappet 6 is open.
- the pressure in the injector 1 corresponds to the pressure in the supply line
- the pressure in the combustion chamber and in the injection chamber corresponds to the charge pressure during the intake phase of the cylinder piston, in which fresh air is sucked into the combustion chamber via the intake valves.
- the pressure in the valve chamber corresponds approximately to the combustion chamber pressure and depends, among other things, on the armature spring 17, the pressure in the combustion chamber during the phase in which the hot combustion gases are ejected via the outlet valves of the combustion chamber and any preceding injections.
- the functional representation is simplified below and does not take into account the gas exchange by opening and closing the intake and exhaust valves of the combustion chamber.
- the control device applies a voltage signal via the electrical contacts to the coil 8 of the actuator, so that the current F1 in the electrical circuit increases to a defined end level.
- the current-carrying coil 8 induces a magnetic field 12 in the actuator, the magnetic field lines of which propagate in a toroidal shape around the coil (see FIG. 1 ).
- the magnetic field 12 builds up a magnetic force F2 in the air gap between the armature 7 and the armature counterpart 19, whereby at the time t 2 the armature 7 is attracted to the armature counterpart 19 as soon as the magnetic force F2 exceeds the closing force (sum of the prestressing force of the armature spring 17 and the pressure forces on the anchor 7) surpasses.
- the build-up of the magnetic field and thus the magnetic force F2 is delayed by eddy currents in the iron parts of the magnetic circuit.
- the armature 7 is integrally or firmly connected to the armature base 23, so that the armature 7 moves uniformly with the armature stroke (or also: needle stroke) F3.
- F8 pressure in the injection space.
- Fuel continues to flow downstream through orifice(s) A3 in injection cap 28 into the combustion chamber.
- the injection cap 28 is designed in such a way that the flow can be introduced into the combustion chamber in a defined state (jet orientation, inlet impulse, jet pattern, etc.).
- the open state of armature 7 and valve tappet 6 is maintained throughout the rest of the energization phase.
- the current level can be reduced (eg by a PWM voltage signal) as soon as the armature 7 is fully open and possible bouncing does not lead to the armature 7 closing.
- the combustion chamber pressure F5 increases steadily.
- the power supply is terminated by the control unit, so that the current F1 through the coil 8 is reduced to zero (time t 4 ). Due to the eddy currents, the magnetic force F2 also decreases with a time delay. As soon as the magnetic force F2 is less than the sum of the closing force of the armature spring 17 and the hydraulic forces on the armature 7, the armature 7 begins to close uniformly (time t 5 ); see also F3, F4. If the end face of the armature 7 hits the sealing element 25 of the valve plate 5, the connection between the needle chamber and the valve chamber is broken and the flow of fuel from the needle chamber into the valve chamber is interrupted (time t 6 ). This reduces the pressure in valve chamber F7.
- valve tappet 6 moves back into its closed position on valve seat 27 and is pushed against the Seat 27 pressed, so that the fuel connection between the valve chamber and injection chamber (possibly after a phase of bouncing of the tappet on the valve seat 27) is interrupted (times t 6 - t 7 ). This completes the blowing-in process.
- Fig. 3 shows a partial sectional view of an injector 1 according to the present invention with a focus on the passive valve 4 and the valve plate 5. It can be seen that the tappet 6 of the passive valve 4 is provided on an underside of the valve plate 5 and the passages provided in the valve plate 5 A1 seals by direct contact. On the other side of the valve plate 5, depending on the position of the armature 7 (or also: armature needle or just needle), the at least one passage A1 through the valve plate 5 is optionally closed or opened.
- valve plate 5 can come into contact with the respective valve inserts, namely the tappet 6 and the armature 7, from two sides, a two-sided valve is disclosed which is only open when both valve inserts (piston 6 and armature 7) are in the open position. It can thus be seen that one end of the at least one passage A1 through the valve plate 5 can be closed by the armature 7 and the other end of the at least one passage A1 can be closed by the tappet 6 .
- the closing forces of the two valve inserts act antiparallel to one another, so that a force for lifting a respective valve insert (armature 7 and tappet 6) must be directed away from the valve plate 5.
- the tappet 6 is urged into its closed position by a spring element 10 , the spring element 10 being supported on a counter-stop arranged downstream, which is arranged rigidly in the injector 1 . It can also be seen that the seal created by the tappet 6 on the underside of the valve plate 5 is a flat seal or a flat seat 13 .
- the armature 7 is also urged onto the valve plate 5 with a certain force, which is typically exerted via an armature spring 17.
- the force exerted by the armature spring 17 on the armature 7 acts in the opposite direction to the force which is exerted by the spring element 10 to urge the plunger 6 into its closed position.
- the configuration shown with a direct seal on the underside of the valve plate 5 is very space-saving and allows very short injectors 1 in the longitudinal direction.
- FIG. 4a and 4b show a closed state (FIG. 4a) and an open state (FIG. 4b) of the injector.
- FIG. 4b the flow of fuel is shown with arrows, starting from the fuel supply line and towards the injection cap.
- the movement of the components required from their respective closed position, which is required to create the fluid connection between the fuel supply line and the injection cap is also highlighted by arrows. It can be seen that the armature is lifted out of its closed position due to energization of the coil, which means that the fuel, which is under high pressure, forces the tappet of the passive valve out of its closed position. If the components have moved accordingly, the fuel, which is under high pressure, can flow from the fuel supply line to the injection cap out of the injector
- FIG. 5 shows a schematic partial sectional view of an injector according to a second embodiment of the invention in a closed state.
- a corresponding shaping of the tappet 6 and the underside of the valve plate 5 can be seen, so that the seal produced by the tappet 6 being pressed against the underside of the valve plate 5 is implemented by a conical sealing seat or a ball sealing seat.
- the advantage here is that this type of sealing seat enables reliable sealing and is low-wear.
- Fig. 6 shows a further embodiment of the present invention, in which in the intermediate region between the tappet 6 and the valve plate 5 an intermediate element
- the intermediate element 11 is made of a flexible material in order to avoid a stop of the plunger 6 during a movement dampen in the direction of the valve plate 5.
- An elastomer with very good damping properties can be used as an example for the flexible material.
- the intermediate element 11 has a heat-insulating property or comprises or consists of a heat-insulating material.
- the intermediate element can also be a coating applied to the tappet 6 and/or the valve plate 5 , but alternatively it is also possible for the intermediate element 11 to be arranged freely movable in the space between the tappet 6 and the valve plate 5 .
- the provision of the intermediate element 11 is particularly advantageous with regard to the fatigue strength of the sealing connection between the tappet 6 and the valve plate 5 and protects the components that are typically heavily stressed when the tappet 6 and the valve plate 5 hit.
- the counter-stop 9 which defines the maximum stroke of the tappet 6 away from the valve plate 5 has a damping element 15.
- This damping element 15 is arranged on the counter-stop 9 in such a way that a ram 6 moving toward the counter-stop 9 is damped by the damping element 15 before its movement is completely stopped. This reduces the bouncing of the tappet 6 when the passive valve 4 opens, with the high material stresses associated with the bouncing also being reduced due to the damping element 15 .
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
- Fuel-Injection Apparatus (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE102021133250.8A DE102021133250A1 (de) | 2021-12-15 | 2021-12-15 | Injektor zum Einspritzen von Kraftstoff |
| PCT/EP2022/085529 WO2023110821A1 (de) | 2021-12-15 | 2022-12-13 | Injektor zum einspritzen von kraftstoff |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP4413247A1 true EP4413247A1 (de) | 2024-08-14 |
Family
ID=84820360
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP22836076.4A Pending EP4413247A1 (de) | 2021-12-15 | 2022-12-13 | Injektor zum einspritzen von kraftstoff |
Country Status (5)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US20250052215A1 (de) |
| EP (1) | EP4413247A1 (de) |
| CN (1) | CN118414482A (de) |
| DE (1) | DE102021133250A1 (de) |
| WO (1) | WO2023110821A1 (de) |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE102024121149A1 (de) * | 2024-07-25 | 2026-01-29 | Liebherr-Components Deggendorf Gmbh | Ventilsitzeinheit für einen Injektor zum Einblasen von Kraftstoff sowie ein Injektor mit einer solchen Ventilsitzeinheit |
Family Cites Families (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE102013202605A1 (de) * | 2013-02-19 | 2014-08-21 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Ventil mit verbessertem Ventilsitzträger |
| DE102014224341A1 (de) | 2014-11-28 | 2016-06-02 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Gasinjektor mit Elastomerdichtung |
| JP6346109B2 (ja) * | 2015-03-11 | 2018-06-20 | 日立オートモティブシステムズ株式会社 | 燃料噴射弁 |
| WO2018022754A1 (en) * | 2016-07-27 | 2018-02-01 | Picospray, Llc | Reciprocating pump injector |
| CN107842453B (zh) | 2016-09-20 | 2022-04-12 | 罗伯特·博世有限公司 | 用于进气口燃料喷射器的燃料喷射模块 |
| DE102020212763A1 (de) * | 2020-10-09 | 2022-04-14 | Vitesco Technologies GmbH | Ventilbaugruppenanordnung für ein Einspritzventil und Einspritzventil |
-
2021
- 2021-12-15 DE DE102021133250.8A patent/DE102021133250A1/de active Pending
-
2022
- 2022-12-13 WO PCT/EP2022/085529 patent/WO2023110821A1/de not_active Ceased
- 2022-12-13 EP EP22836076.4A patent/EP4413247A1/de active Pending
- 2022-12-13 US US18/720,549 patent/US20250052215A1/en active Pending
- 2022-12-13 CN CN202280083674.5A patent/CN118414482A/zh active Pending
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| US20250052215A1 (en) | 2025-02-13 |
| CN118414482A (zh) | 2024-07-30 |
| DE102021133250A1 (de) | 2023-06-15 |
| WO2023110821A1 (de) | 2023-06-22 |
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