EP4413240A1 - Elektrische durchführung und verfahren zur herstellung dieser - Google Patents
Elektrische durchführung und verfahren zur herstellung dieserInfo
- Publication number
- EP4413240A1 EP4413240A1 EP22786359.4A EP22786359A EP4413240A1 EP 4413240 A1 EP4413240 A1 EP 4413240A1 EP 22786359 A EP22786359 A EP 22786359A EP 4413240 A1 EP4413240 A1 EP 4413240A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- bolt
- insulation layer
- socket
- force
- insulating layer
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
- H01B17/00—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by their form
- H01B17/26—Lead-in insulators; Lead-through insulators
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
- H01B19/00—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing insulators or insulating bodies
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
- H05B3/00—Ohmic-resistance heating
- H05B3/02—Details
- H05B3/06—Heater elements structurally combined with coupling elements or holders
- H05B3/08—Heater elements structurally combined with coupling elements or holders having electric connections specially adapted for high temperatures
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
- H05B3/00—Ohmic-resistance heating
- H05B3/10—Heating elements characterised by the composition or nature of the materials or by the arrangement of the conductor
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N2240/00—Combination or association of two or more different exhaust treating devices, or of at least one such device with an auxiliary device, not covered by indexing codes F01N2230/00 or F01N2250/00, one of the devices being
- F01N2240/16—Combination or association of two or more different exhaust treating devices, or of at least one such device with an auxiliary device, not covered by indexing codes F01N2230/00 or F01N2250/00, one of the devices being an electric heater, i.e. a resistance heater
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
- F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
- F01N3/10—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
- F01N3/18—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control
- F01N3/20—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control specially adapted for catalytic conversion
- F01N3/2006—Periodically heating or cooling catalytic reactors, e.g. at cold starting or overheating
- F01N3/2013—Periodically heating or cooling catalytic reactors, e.g. at cold starting or overheating using electric or magnetic heating means
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
- F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
- F01N3/10—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
- F01N3/18—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control
- F01N3/20—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control specially adapted for catalytic conversion
- F01N3/2006—Periodically heating or cooling catalytic reactors, e.g. at cold starting or overheating
- F01N3/2013—Periodically heating or cooling catalytic reactors, e.g. at cold starting or overheating using electric or magnetic heating means
- F01N3/2026—Periodically heating or cooling catalytic reactors, e.g. at cold starting or overheating using electric or magnetic heating means directly electrifying the catalyst substrate, i.e. heating the electrically conductive catalyst substrate by joule effect
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
- H05B2203/00—Aspects relating to Ohmic resistive heating covered by group H05B3/00
- H05B2203/016—Heaters using particular connecting means
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
- H05B2203/00—Aspects relating to Ohmic resistive heating covered by group H05B3/00
- H05B2203/022—Heaters specially adapted for heating gaseous material
- H05B2203/024—Heaters using beehive flow through structures
Definitions
- the invention relates to an electrical bushing for contacting a heating conductor of an electrically heatable honeycomb body, with an electrically conductive bolt, with an electrically insulating insulation layer and with a socket in which the insulation layer and the bolt are at least partially accommodated, the bolt being arranged centrally and is at least partially surrounded by the insulation layer in the circumferential direction completely circumferentially.
- the invention also relates to a method for producing an electrical feedthrough.
- Electric heating elements are regularly used today to heat up exhaust gases in an exhaust gas section downstream of an internal combustion engine or the exhaust gas flowing in an exhaust gas section.
- the aim here is to reach a temperature threshold more quickly, from which an effective conversion of the pollutants carried in the exhaust gas can take place. This is necessary because the catalytically active surfaces of the catalytic converters installed in the exhaust line used for exhaust aftertreatment only allow sufficient conversion of the respective pollutants above a minimum temperature, the so-called light-off temperature.
- heated catalysts which have a metallic structure connected to a voltage source or a metallically coated ceramic structure have, which can be heated using the ohmic resistance.
- an electrical conductor For the purpose of making electrical contact with the heatable structure, an electrical conductor must be inserted at least at one point through the housing of the exhaust gas line or a catalytic converter arranged in the exhaust gas line. It must be ensured that the bushing is gas-tight, that there is electrical insulation between the housing and the electrical conductor and that sufficient durability is guaranteed.
- the electrical conductor is regularly formed from a solid solid material, such as a metallic bolt.
- DE 10 2012 110 098 B4 discloses a method for producing an electrical bushing for the power supply of an electrical exhaust gas heater in a motor vehicle.
- the implementation has an outer tube, the interior of which is penetrated by an electrical conductor.
- the electrical conductor protrudes beyond the outer tube on at least one of the end faces of the outer tube.
- the electrical conductor is surrounded by an insulating material inside the outer tube.
- the bushing is produced by cutting compressed rod material to length, with areas of the section acting as the outer tube and the section acting as the insulating material being removed by machining processes, in order to create an electrical bushing of the desired length with a desired overhang of the electrical conductor over the outer tube to generate beyond.
- a particular disadvantage of the methods known in the prior art for producing an electrical feedthrough is that the compressed rod material used is very expensive because it has a multi-layer structure.
- a significant proportion of approximately two-thirds of the rod material is destroyed unused by machining and thus wasted due to the machining to free the electrical conductor and to cut the electrical leadthrough to length.
- the production process is particularly complex and cost-intensive.
- the object of the present invention to create an electrical feedthrough for contacting an electrically heatable honeycomb body which is simpler and cheaper to produce than the solutions known in the prior art.
- the object of the invention is to provide a method for producing an electrical feedthrough.
- An exemplary embodiment of the invention relates to an electrical feedthrough for contacting a heating conductor of an electrically heatable honeycomb body, with an electrically conductive bolt, with an electrically insulating insulation layer and with a socket in which the insulation layer and the bolt are at least partially accommodated, the bolt being arranged centrally and is at least partially encompassed by the insulation layer in the circumferential direction all the way around, the three elements being non-destructively and non-destructively connected to one another by means of a form fit and/or a force fit.
- the electrical feedthrough is made up of the three individual elements bolt, insulating layer and socket.
- the components are arranged as follows.
- the bolt which represents the current-carrying element, is placed centrally.
- the insulation layer completely surrounds the bolt in the circumferential direction and extends in the axial direction at least along a partial section of the bolt.
- the insulating layer is followed radially on the outside by the socket, which serves as a fastening element for the entire electrical feedthrough to a housing or a jacket tube of a catalytic converter.
- the socket is completely electrically isolated from the bolt by the insulation layer, so that an electrical short circuit between the bolt and the socket or the housing connected to the socket is prevented.
- the three components described above are connected to one another by means of a form fit and/or a force fit.
- the bolt can simply be sawn off from solid material.
- the socket can be sawn from a hollow cylindrical material, for example a tube.
- the insulating layer which is preferably formed from an oxide ceramic, can be easily produced by a suitable method, such as sintering.
- a force component for example a radially inward compressive force on the radial outer surface
- a force component for example a radially inward compressive force on the radial outer surface
- an axial and/or radial force on the insulation layer creates a form fit and/or force fit between the insulation layer and the bushing and/or between the insulation layer and the bolt.
- An axial force component can preferably be applied to the insulation layer.
- the insulation layer experiences an axial compression, which also results in a widening in the radial direction, which ultimately creates a prestress between the insulation layer and the bolt or the bushing.
- a radial force can also be exerted on the insulation layer in a simple manner, for example in order to generate a prestress towards the bolt.
- a preferred exemplary embodiment is characterized in that an axial and/or radial force acting on the bolt from the inside creates a form fit and/or force fit between the bolt and the insulating layer and/or the insulating layer and the bushing.
- Compression can essentially be produced by axial or radial forces on the bushing and/or the insulating layer, as a result of which a prestress directed inwards into the center of the electrical feedthrough can be produced.
- the bolt arranged in the center can preferably be expanded by a radially outwardly directed force component, as a result of which a radially outwardly directed pretension is generated.
- the bolt can preferably do this Opening, such as having an axial bore into which a spreading tool can be inserted to expand the bolt by force.
- the bolt could be subjected to a high internal pressure, for example pneumatic or hydraulic pressure.
- the bolt undergoes a permanent, i.e. a plastic, deformation due to the acting force component, which is dimensioned sufficiently large that the prestress generated thereby on the insulation layer and the socket is sufficient to make the electrical feedthrough durable.
- the bolt has an axial recess for receiving a shaped piece.
- a suitable molded part can be inserted or pressed into a recess, for example a conically tapering bore, whereby a radially outwardly directed force component can also be generated on the bolt and possibly on the insulation layer and the bushing.
- the molded part is preferably designed in such a way that it has a certain oversize compared to the recess and the pressing in of the molded part thus causes the bolt to widen, thereby prestressing the insulation layer and the socket.
- insulation layer and/or the bushing and/or the bolt have mutually concave or convex contact surfaces, via which they are in contact with one another.
- the bolt can be attached to the insulation layer facing contact surface, for example, have a wedge-shaped groove running in the circumferential direction.
- the insulation layer can have a wedge-shaped, roof-like contact surface, as a result of which the insulation layer latches in the bolt.
- Such a form fit can also be formed between the insulation layer and the socket.
- the contact surfaces between the components can have ridges or grooves or have recesses and projections that correspond to one another in some other way. There is preferably a certain oversize in each case, so that in the assembled state there is prestressing between the components.
- the contact surfaces between the bolt and the layer of insulation and/or between the layer of insulation and the socket have surface-enlarging elements.
- Surface-enlarging elements are in particular knobs, grooves, grooves, bulges, but also deliberately introduced roughness.
- An exemplary embodiment of the invention relates to a method for producing an electrical feedthrough, in which case a force component is applied to at least one of the components from the series socket, bolt or insulating layer after assembly, which produces a permanent plastic deformation of at least that component to which the force component is applied became.
- the individual components are basically easy to assemble, since the fits created between the components can be dimensioned sufficiently, since the hold between the components is not necessarily generated by them. Only by applying the force component finally becomes one Permanent plastic deformation of individual or all components is generated, which creates a durable connection between the components.
- the bolt By generating an internal pressure in a recess located in the bolt, the bolt can be expanded, as a result of which a prestress is formed on the insulation layer and/or the bushing.
- the internal pressure is preferably generated hydraulically or pneumatically.
- a shaped piece that does not remain in the bolt can also be pressed into the recess, as a result of which the bolt is expanded and the necessary prestress for the insulation layer is generated.
- the corresponding shaped part for example a stamp of a press, can be removed again.
- a molded part is pressed into a recess in the bolt, with the bolt undergoing a widening in the radial direction and a prestress on the insulating layer and/or the bushing being generated.
- the molded part can also remain in the bolt and thus increase the stability of the bolt and ensure that the prestress generated is maintained.
- the bushing and/or the bolt and/or the insulation layer is thermally pretreated in order to create a temporary increase or decrease in the diameter of the respective component, the components being joined together after the temporary increase or decrease has been created and then a warming or cooling of the assembled components takes place to create a compression between the bushing, the insulating layer and the bolt.
- Thermal pre-treatment for example strong cooling or strong heating
- the subsequent cooling in the case of a heated component causes shrinkage, which can lead to prestressing in relation to an inserted component.
- cooling will cause shrinkage and subsequent heating will cause expansion, which can also lead to prestressing compared to another component.
- Components that are used in something are preferably shrunk by cooling.
- Components into which something is inserted for example the insulation layer in the socket, are heated and thus expanded.
- a combination of both methods for the different components of the electrical feedthrough is also conceivable.
- 1 shows a sectional view through a bolt, an insulating layer and a bushing, the individual components being shown in the unassembled state
- 2 shows two sectional views through an electrical feedthrough in each case, with the contact surfaces of the individual components being designed differently from one another,
- FIG. 3 shows a sectional view through an electrical bushing, internal pressure being generated in a cavity in the bolt
- FIG. 4 shows a sectional view through an electrical bushing, a molded part being pressed into a recess in the bolt.
- FIG. 1 shows the individual components of the electrical feedthrough.
- the bolt 1, which forms the current conductor and is preferably made of a solid material, is arranged centrally.
- the bolt 1 can be adapted to the geometric requirements by suitable post-processing. All common processing methods can be used for this.
- the insulation layer 2 is shown as an annular sleeve.
- the insulation layer is preferably produced from a pressed oxide ceramic.
- the inner cross section of the ring-like insulation layer 2 is preferably designed in such a way that the bolt 1 can be accommodated.
- the bushing which in the exemplary embodiment in FIG.
- the inner diameter of the socket 3 is selected in such a way that the insulating layer 2 can be inserted into the socket 3 .
- FIG. 2 shows an assembly of the components shown in FIG.
- the bolt 1 is arranged centrally, the insulation layer 2 surrounds the bolt 1 and the socket 3 accommodates the insulation layer 2 with the bolt 1 .
- FIG. 2 is an example of an electrical feedthrough and in particular does not rule out other geometric configurations. Properties such as the length of the individual components, protrusions of the components relative to one another, material thicknesses and materials in general are not limited by FIG.
- the direction of action of a force component acting in the radial direction is indicated by the arrow 4, which can be applied to the outside of the bushing 3, as a result of which a compression of the bushing 3 and, as a result, a prestressing between the components can be generated.
- FIG. 3 shows an assembled electrical bushing as has already been shown in the upper part of FIG.
- the bolt 10 here has a recess 9 which was introduced into the bolt 10 from below in the axial direction.
- An overpressure can be generated in the recess 9 by suitable means, which with the inside of the recess indicated arrows is shown. This generated internal pressure allows the bolt 10 to expand radially and also axially.
- Figure 4 shows an alternative embodiment of the bolt 12.
- it has a conically tapering recess 15, into which a shaped body 14 is pressed by means of a force acting along the direction 13, whereby the bolt 12 moves in the radial and axial direction is expanded and a bias to the insulating layer 2 and the socket 3 is generated.
- the different features of the individual exemplary embodiments can also be combined with one another.
- the application of an external force and the generation of internal pressure in the bolt can be combined.
- the application of a force and a special design of the contact surfaces can also be combined with one another in one exemplary embodiment.
- FIGS. 1 to 4 are not restrictive and serve to clarify the idea of the invention.
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Toxicology (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Insulating Bodies (AREA)
- Manufacturing Of Electrical Connectors (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE102021211205.6A DE102021211205A1 (de) | 2021-10-05 | 2021-10-05 | Elektrische Durchführung und Verfahren zur Herstellung dieser |
| PCT/EP2022/076438 WO2023057230A1 (de) | 2021-10-05 | 2022-09-22 | Elektrische durchführung und verfahren zur herstellung dieser |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP4413240A1 true EP4413240A1 (de) | 2024-08-14 |
Family
ID=83688755
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP22786359.4A Pending EP4413240A1 (de) | 2021-10-05 | 2022-09-22 | Elektrische durchführung und verfahren zur herstellung dieser |
Country Status (5)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US20240404735A1 (de) |
| EP (1) | EP4413240A1 (de) |
| CN (1) | CN118056063A (de) |
| DE (1) | DE102021211205A1 (de) |
| WO (1) | WO2023057230A1 (de) |
Family Cites Families (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE19533088A1 (de) | 1995-09-07 | 1997-03-13 | Emitec Emissionstechnologie | Elektrische isolierende Durchführung mit einer Elektrokorrosionsschutzeinrichtung |
| DE102012005786A1 (de) * | 2012-03-21 | 2013-09-26 | Emitec Gesellschaft Für Emissionstechnologie Mbh | Verdrehsicherer elektrischer Anschluss, insbesondere für einen elektrisch beheizbaren Wabenkörper |
| DE102012217559A1 (de) | 2012-09-27 | 2014-03-27 | Schaeffler Technologies Gmbh & Co. Kg | Durchführung für ein evakuiertes Gehäuse, insbesondere eines Schwungmassenspeichers |
| DE102012110098B4 (de) | 2012-10-23 | 2021-03-25 | Türk & Hillinger GmbH | Verfahren zur Herstellung elektrischer Durchführungen |
| ES2997999T3 (en) * | 2020-01-14 | 2025-02-18 | Hidria D O O | Electrical connection |
| DE102020210889A1 (de) * | 2020-08-28 | 2022-03-03 | Vitesco Technologies GmbH | Elektrische Durchführung |
| DE102020212608A1 (de) | 2020-09-24 | 2022-03-24 | MICRO-EPSILON-MESSTECHNIK GmbH & Co. K.G. | Vorrichtung zum druckdichten Durchführen einer Leitung durch eine Wand und Verfahren zur Herstellung der Vorrichtung |
-
2021
- 2021-10-05 DE DE102021211205.6A patent/DE102021211205A1/de active Pending
-
2022
- 2022-09-22 US US18/698,103 patent/US20240404735A1/en active Pending
- 2022-09-22 CN CN202280067059.5A patent/CN118056063A/zh active Pending
- 2022-09-22 WO PCT/EP2022/076438 patent/WO2023057230A1/de not_active Ceased
- 2022-09-22 EP EP22786359.4A patent/EP4413240A1/de active Pending
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| WO2023057230A1 (de) | 2023-04-13 |
| CN118056063A (zh) | 2024-05-17 |
| US20240404735A1 (en) | 2024-12-05 |
| DE102021211205A1 (de) | 2023-04-06 |
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