EP4396901A1 - Antenne multi-bandes - Google Patents
Antenne multi-bandesInfo
- Publication number
- EP4396901A1 EP4396901A1 EP22773283.1A EP22773283A EP4396901A1 EP 4396901 A1 EP4396901 A1 EP 4396901A1 EP 22773283 A EP22773283 A EP 22773283A EP 4396901 A1 EP4396901 A1 EP 4396901A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- cavity
- radiating element
- resonant
- cavities
- antenna
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q5/00—Arrangements for simultaneous operation of antennas on two or more different wavebands, e.g. dual-band or multi-band arrangements
- H01Q5/40—Imbricated or interleaved structures; Combined or electromagnetically coupled arrangements, e.g. comprising two or more non-connected fed radiating elements
- H01Q5/48—Combinations of two or more dipole type antennas
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q5/00—Arrangements for simultaneous operation of antennas on two or more different wavebands, e.g. dual-band or multi-band arrangements
- H01Q5/30—Arrangements for providing operation on different wavebands
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/27—Adaptation for use in or on movable bodies
- H01Q1/28—Adaptation for use in or on aircraft, missiles, satellites, or balloons
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/27—Adaptation for use in or on movable bodies
- H01Q1/28—Adaptation for use in or on aircraft, missiles, satellites, or balloons
- H01Q1/288—Satellite antennas
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q19/00—Combinations of primary active antenna elements and units with secondary devices, e.g. with quasi-optical devices, for giving the antenna a desired directional characteristic
- H01Q19/10—Combinations of primary active antenna elements and units with secondary devices, e.g. with quasi-optical devices, for giving the antenna a desired directional characteristic using reflecting surfaces
- H01Q19/108—Combination of a dipole with a plane reflecting surface
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q21/00—Antenna arrays or systems
- H01Q21/24—Combinations of antenna units polarised in different directions for transmitting or receiving circularly and elliptically polarised waves or waves linearly polarised in any direction
- H01Q21/26—Turnstile or like antennas comprising arrangements of three or more elongated elements disposed radially and symmetrically in a horizontal plane about a common centre
Definitions
- Space vehicles are equipped with antennas which ensure communication between these vehicles and ground stations during the flight phases. These antennas are used in particular for telemetry, trajectography, or the satellite positioning system (“Global Navigation Satellite System”, GNSS).
- GNSS Global Navigation Satellite System
- the present invention relates to an antenna comprising at least a first resonant cavity and a second resonant cavity, each resonant cavity being closed by a bottom at one end and comprising a radiating element superimposed on the bottom of the resonant cavity, the radiating element of the first cavity being capable of emitting a signal in a first frequency band and the radiating element of the second cavity being capable of emitting a signal in a second frequency band separate from the first frequency band, characterized in that a first distance between the bottom and the radiating element of the first cavity is different from a second distance between the bottom and the radiating element of the second cavity.
- This invention makes it possible to produce a simple antenna architecture capable of accommodating a multitude of radiating elements operating at different frequencies. Thanks to this architecture, the mutual interaction between these elements is reduced. Each radiating element can therefore function correctly and can therefore produce a quality polarization and hemispherical radiation pattern.
- the antenna also comprises a third resonant cavity closed by a bottom at one end and comprising a radiating element superimposed on the bottom of the third resonant cavity, the radiating element of the third cavity being capable of emitting a signal in a third frequency band separate from the first and second frequency bands and a third distance between the bottom and the radiating element of the third cavity being different at least from the first or from the second distance.
- the antenna also comprises a fourth resonant cavity closed by a bottom at one end and comprising a radiating element superimposed on the bottom of the fourth resonant cavity, the radiating element of the fourth cavity being capable of emitting a signal in a fourth frequency band separate from the first, second and third frequency bands and a fourth distance between the bottom and the radiating element of the fourth cavity being different at least by the first, the second or the third distance.
- the cavities included in the antenna are distinct cavities which define distinct bottom zones delimited by the walls of these cavities.
- a tri-band or quad-band antenna can be produced.
- the first cavity and the second cavity are tangent and their walls have a common generatrix.
- the radiating elements of the resonant cavities are located in the same plane.
- the resonant cavities are monomode or mostly monomode in the frequency bands of the associated radiating elements.
- resonant cavity By “monomode”, it should be understood that only the fundamental mode of the resonant cavity considered can propagate. By “mainly monomode”, it should be understood that the resonant cavity considered is monomode over at least 50%, for example at least 75%, of the frequency band considered. In this case resonant cavity may not be single-mode on at least one end of the frequency band, it may be modeless or dual-mode on this end.
- the resonant cavities distinct from the first cavity are uniformly distributed along a circumferential direction of the first cavity. resonant.
- the resonant cavities have an oval, circular, square or octagonal section.
- At least one of the resonant cavities comprises an iris-based filtering structure, absorbers or openings on its wall at an end opposite the bottom of the resonant cavity.
- Another object of the invention is a vehicle equipped with at least one antenna according to the invention.
- the vehicle is a space vehicle.
- the vehicle is a space launcher, an exploration vehicle or a satellite.
- This coverage rate can thus, for example, meet the typical needs of a GPS geolocation system.
- Figure 1 shows, schematically and partially, an antenna according to one embodiment of the invention.
- FIG. 2 Figure 2 schematically and partially represents a section of Figure 1.
- Figure 3 shows, schematically and partially, an antenna according to another embodiment of the invention.
- Figure 4 shows, schematically and partially, an antenna according to another embodiment of the invention. Description of embodiments
- wall of a resonant cavity means a wall of the cavity distinct from its bottom which extends around the axis of the height of the antenna. Also called circumference of a cavity, the periphery of this cavity.
- Figures 1 and 2 represent, schematically and partially, an antenna 100 according to a first embodiment of the invention, Figure 2 being a sectional view of the antenna 100.
- the antenna 100 comprises four resonant cavities 110, 120, 130 and 140, and extends in height along an axis Z.
- the four cavities 110, 120, 130 and 140 are distinct cavities which define distinct bottom zones delimited by the walls of the different cavities.
- the second resonant cavity 120 is closed by a bottom 122 at one end and comprises a radiating element 121 superimposed on its bottom 122 along the axis Z of the height of the antenna 100.
- the radiating element 121 is capable of emitting a signal in a second frequency band separate from the first frequency band.
- the distance h2 between the bottom 122 and the radiating element 121 of the second cavity 120 is different from the distance hl between the bottom 112 and the radiating element 111 of the first cavity 110, the distances hl and h2 being measured according to the Z axis of antenna height.
- the second cavity 120 is located at least partly inside the first cavity 110.
- the wall 125 of the second cavity 120 shares two common portions 124 with the wall 115 of the first cavity 110.
- the third resonant cavity 130 is closed by a bottom 132 at one end and comprises a radiating element 131 superimposed on its bottom 132 along the axis Z of the height of the antenna 100.
- the radiating element 131 is able to emit a signal in a third frequency band separated from the first and the second frequency band.
- the fourth resonant cavity 140 is closed by a bottom 142 at one end and comprises a radiating element 141 superimposed on its bottom 142 along the axis Z of the height of the antenna 100.
- the radiating element 141 is able to emit a signal in a fourth frequency band separate from the first, second and third frequency bands.
- the distance h4 between the bottom 142 and the radiating element 141 of the fourth cavity 140 is different by at least the distance hl, the distance h2 and/or the distance h3, the distance h4 being measured along the Z axis the height of the antenna.
- the distances h1, h2, h3 and h4 are all different.
- the distance h between the bottom and the radiating element of the cavities depends on the emission frequency of the radiating element, thus the more the distance h increases, the more the emission frequency decreases. Nevertheless, the distances h between the bottom and the radiating element of the cavities also depend on the type of radiating element.
- the distance h between the bottom of the cavity and the dipole will be close of ⁇ g/4 with ⁇ g the effective wavelength of the central frequency of the dipole's emission frequency band.
- the third 130 and fourth 140 resonant cavities are located inside the first cavity 110, for example entirely inside the first cavity 110 as illustrated in FIG. 1.
- the wall 135 of the third cavity 130 and the wall 145 of the fourth cavity 140 share a common portion 134 for the third cavity 130 and 144 for the fourth cavity 140 with the wall 115 of the first cavity 110.
- the radiating elements 111, 121, 131 and 141 can be directly powered by a coaxial cable which crosses the corresponding cavity from its bottom to the radiating element, such as for example the cable 123 represented for the element 121 of the second cavity 120.
- FIG. 3 schematically and partially represents an antenna 300 according to another embodiment of the invention.
- the antenna 300 comprises three resonant cavities 310, 320 and 330 and extends in height along the Z axis.
- Each resonant cavity 310, 320, 330 is closed at one end by a bottom 312, 322, 332 and comprises an element radiating 311, 321, 331.
- the radiating elements of each cavity are superimposed on the bottom of the cavity along the Z axis of the height of the antenna 300.
- the radiating element 311 of the first cavity 310 is able to emit a signal in a first frequency band
- the radiating element 321 of the second cavity 320 is able to emit a signal in a second frequency band separate from the first frequency band
- the element radiating 331 from the third cavity 330 is capable of emitting a signal in a third frequency band which may be separate from the first and second frequency bands or include common frequencies with one of the first two bands.
- the wall 425 of the second cavity 420 comprises openings over its entire circumference on the end not closed by the bottom 422.
- the edge of the wall 425 has a slotted shape thus defining a plurality of openings. This provides improved gain at low elevation angles in the high frequencies of the second frequency band while limiting the gain drop in the low frequencies of the second frequency band.
- the wall 435 of the third cavity 430 comprises openings on a part of its circumference on the end not closed by the bottom 432. This makes it possible to obtain an improved gain at low elevation angles in the high frequencies of the third frequency band.
- the radiating elements of the resonant cavities can be of the patch, slot or dipole type. They can be mono-band or multi-band.
- the radiating elements can also be printed on a substrate in one or more layers and/or be dual, single or circular polarized. When the radiating elements are printed on a substrate, the substrate can close the end of the cavity opposite to that closed by the bottom of the cavity.
- the radiating elements can also be voluminous, such as for example metal dipoles which can be produced for example by three-dimensional metal printing and suspended in the resonant cavity.
- the resonant cavities can be filled with a dielectric material, such as for example a dielectric foam. The dielectric material can be low permittivity or high permittivity. This makes it possible to reduce the dimensions of the resonant cavities by a factor F.
- two of them can have an equal distance between their bottom and their radiating element.
Landscapes
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Astronomy & Astrophysics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Remote Sensing (AREA)
- Aviation & Aerospace Engineering (AREA)
- Electromagnetism (AREA)
- Waveguide Aerials (AREA)
- Variable-Direction Aerials And Aerial Arrays (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| FR2109169A FR3126554B1 (fr) | 2021-09-02 | 2021-09-02 | Antenne multi-bandes |
| PCT/FR2022/051615 WO2023031543A1 (fr) | 2021-09-02 | 2022-08-29 | Antenne multi-bandes |
Publications (3)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP4396901A1 true EP4396901A1 (fr) | 2024-07-10 |
| EP4396901B1 EP4396901B1 (fr) | 2025-08-06 |
| EP4396901C0 EP4396901C0 (fr) | 2025-08-06 |
Family
ID=78820739
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP22773283.1A Active EP4396901B1 (fr) | 2021-09-02 | 2022-08-29 | Antenne multi-bandes |
Country Status (5)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US12113298B2 (fr) |
| EP (1) | EP4396901B1 (fr) |
| ES (1) | ES3049759T3 (fr) |
| FR (1) | FR3126554B1 (fr) |
| WO (1) | WO2023031543A1 (fr) |
Family Cites Families (12)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5276457A (en) * | 1992-02-14 | 1994-01-04 | E-Systems, Inc. | Integrated antenna-converter system in a unitary package |
| US5548299A (en) * | 1992-02-25 | 1996-08-20 | Hughes Aircraft Company | Collinearly polarized nested cup dipole feed |
| US6281746B1 (en) * | 1999-12-16 | 2001-08-28 | Lockheed Martin Corporation | Parametric cavity microwave amplifier |
| FR2870642B1 (fr) * | 2004-05-19 | 2008-11-14 | Centre Nat Rech Scient Cnrse | Antenne a materiau bip (bande interdite photonique) a paroi laterale entourant un axe |
| US8368596B2 (en) * | 2004-09-24 | 2013-02-05 | Viasat, Inc. | Planar antenna for mobile satellite applications |
| WO2009013347A1 (fr) * | 2007-07-25 | 2009-01-29 | Jast Sa | Antenne omnidirectionnelle pour applications de diffusion par satellite du service mobile |
| US20160061938A1 (en) * | 2012-06-08 | 2016-03-03 | Flex Force Enterprises LLC | Clutter Rejection Using Spatial Diversity In Wideband Radar For Enhanced Object Detection |
| US9178283B1 (en) * | 2012-09-17 | 2015-11-03 | Amazon Technologies, Inc. | Quad-slot antenna for dual band operation |
| US9196966B1 (en) * | 2012-09-17 | 2015-11-24 | Amazon Technologies, Inc. | Quad-slot antenna for dual band operation |
| TWM455997U (zh) * | 2013-01-21 | 2013-06-21 | Unictron Technologies Corp | 耦合饋入式微帶天線 |
| US9325070B1 (en) * | 2013-06-24 | 2016-04-26 | Amazon Technologies, Inc. | Dual-loop-slot antenna |
| EP3581954B1 (fr) * | 2018-06-12 | 2023-03-08 | Siemens Healthcare GmbH | Capteur et tomographe à résonance magnétique à transmission par champ proche sans fil d'énergie et de données |
-
2021
- 2021-09-02 FR FR2109169A patent/FR3126554B1/fr active Active
-
2022
- 2022-08-29 WO PCT/FR2022/051615 patent/WO2023031543A1/fr not_active Ceased
- 2022-08-29 US US18/688,635 patent/US12113298B2/en active Active
- 2022-08-29 EP EP22773283.1A patent/EP4396901B1/fr active Active
- 2022-08-29 ES ES22773283T patent/ES3049759T3/es active Active
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| EP4396901B1 (fr) | 2025-08-06 |
| US12113298B2 (en) | 2024-10-08 |
| US20240275047A1 (en) | 2024-08-15 |
| FR3126554A1 (fr) | 2023-03-03 |
| ES3049759T3 (en) | 2025-12-18 |
| FR3126554B1 (fr) | 2024-08-30 |
| EP4396901C0 (fr) | 2025-08-06 |
| WO2023031543A1 (fr) | 2023-03-09 |
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