EP4379182A1 - Bolzenkopf, bolzenanlage und verfahren - Google Patents

Bolzenkopf, bolzenanlage und verfahren Download PDF

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Publication number
EP4379182A1
EP4379182A1 EP22210804.5A EP22210804A EP4379182A1 EP 4379182 A1 EP4379182 A1 EP 4379182A1 EP 22210804 A EP22210804 A EP 22210804A EP 4379182 A1 EP4379182 A1 EP 4379182A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
bolting
unit
rock
head
holding device
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
EP22210804.5A
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
Jukka SIMILÄ
Riku Kopra
Jarno Helkala
Pasi RUOTSALAINEN
Vesa Sillanpää
Heidi Nurmikolu
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Sandvik Mining and Construction Oy
Original Assignee
Sandvik Mining and Construction Oy
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Sandvik Mining and Construction Oy filed Critical Sandvik Mining and Construction Oy
Priority to EP22210804.5A priority Critical patent/EP4379182A1/de
Priority to PCT/EP2023/082939 priority patent/WO2024115292A1/en
Publication of EP4379182A1 publication Critical patent/EP4379182A1/de
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
    • E21D20/00—Setting anchoring-bolts
    • E21D20/003—Machines for drilling anchor holes and setting anchor bolts
    • E21D20/006—Machines for drilling anchor holes and setting anchor bolts having magazines for storing and feeding anchoring-bolts
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B19/00—Handling rods, casings, tubes or the like outside the borehole, e.g. in the derrick; Apparatus for feeding the rods or cables
    • E21B19/08—Apparatus for feeding the rods or cables; Apparatus for increasing or decreasing the pressure on the drilling tool; Apparatus for counterbalancing the weight of the rods
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B7/00—Special methods or apparatus for drilling
    • E21B7/02—Drilling rigs characterised by means for land transport with their own drive, e.g. skid mounting or wheel mounting
    • E21B7/025—Rock drills, i.e. jumbo drills

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a bolting head for mounting rock reinforcing bolts to a rock surface.
  • the bolting head comprises a bolting unit and a rock drilling unit which can be indexed.
  • the invention further relates to a bolting rig and to a method for reinforcing rock surfaces with rock bolts.
  • rock reinforcement In mines, construction sites and at other work areas exists a need to reinforce rock surfaces and to thereby ensure their safety and suitability for the intended purposes.
  • a common method for rock reinforcement is rock bolting.
  • several rock bolts are installed into drilled holes. In this way rock layers are bonded together so that the risk for collapse is reduced.
  • bolting heads for drilling the drill holes and installing the rock bolts There are different kind of bolting heads for drilling the drill holes and installing the rock bolts.
  • the present solutions have shown to contain some disadvantages.
  • An object of the invention is to provide a novel and improved bolting head and bolting rig for mounting rock reinforcing bolts to a rock surface.
  • the invention further relates to a novel and improved method for reinforcing a rock surface.
  • the bolting head according to the invention is characterized by the characterizing features of the first independent apparatus claim.
  • the bolting rig according to the invention is characterized by the characterizing features of the second independent apparatus claim.
  • the method according to the invention is characterized by the charactering features and steps of an independent method claim.
  • a bolting head comprises a frame, a bolting unit provided with a bolt driver, and a rock drilling unit comprising a rock drilling machine.
  • the bolting head further comprises a holding device provided with movable gripping elements for gripping and holding drilling and bolting tools.
  • At least one indexing actuator is arranged to index the bolting unit and the rock drilling unit in relation to the holding device.
  • the holding device is not indexed but the bolting unit and the drilling unit are i.e., the holding device is non-indexed.
  • the frame is connectable to a boom of a bolting rig. Then the bolting head can be positioned by means of the boom to the positions defined in a bolting plan.
  • the frame can be supported directly against the rock surface being reinforced, or alternatively, there may be separate means for providing proper support for the bolting head during the bolting measures.
  • the bolting head comprises dedicated feed beams for the rock drilling unit and the bolting unit.
  • the bolting unit comprises a second feed beam for supporting axial movement of the bolt driver.
  • the bolting unit is designed for mounting at least one of the following rock bolt types: grout rock bolts, self-drilling rock bolts, friction type rock bolts, anchored rock bolts, cable bolts and extension bolts.
  • rock bolt types grout rock bolts, self-drilling rock bolts, friction type rock bolts, anchored rock bolts, cable bolts and extension bolts.
  • the holding device can be utilized when gripping to components of extension drilling rods as well as components of extension bolts.
  • the bolting head may comprise an injection unit for feeding cement, resin, or any other bulk type grouting material. Further, the injection unit may be designed to feed grouting material cartridges. The injection unit can also be indexed to the bolting line.
  • the bolting head may comprise at least one magazine for storing rock bolts, bolting tools and drilling tools and components belonging to them.
  • the bolting head comprises a bolting line passing through a center of gripping elements of the holding device.
  • the indexing actuator is configured to position the bolting unit and the drilling unit on the bolting line by means of the indexing feature.
  • the holding device is kept on the bolting line for the duration of the entire bolting operation whereas the drilling unit and the bolting unit are turned in relation to the bolting line.
  • the holding device is supported to the frame rigidly.
  • the holding device is without any turning joints and indexing means.
  • the rigid support does not exclude possibility to move the holding device axially.
  • axial position of the holding device is adjustable on a bolting axis passing through a center between the gripping elements.
  • the holding device is axially movable in relation to the drilling unit and the bolting unit.
  • the holding device is arranged immovably in relation to the frame. Then the holding device is without the axial adjusting or zooming feature.
  • the frame comprises a support element which is axially movable and is supportable against the rock surface being reinforced.
  • the support element can be part of the basic frame structure and can be moved independently in relation the basic frame structure.
  • the support element is an integrated part of the frame.
  • the support element comprises a spike or other element configured to be forced against the rock surface being operated.
  • the support element comprises at least one actuator for generating needed axial forces for the axial movement.
  • the support element can be moved in a controlled manner by means of the actuator. Fast positioning movements of the bolting head can be done by means of the boom and accurate slower movements can be executed by means of the actuator of the support element.
  • the support element comprises an elongated tubular body and the drilling unit and the bolting unit are both supported to the body and are turnable relative to longitudinal axis of the body.
  • hinges between the tubular body of the support element and the drilling unit and the bolting unit are hinges, coupling sleeves surrounding the body, or other coupling and bearing means for allowing the turning movements required in the indexing measures.
  • the holding device is supported non-rotationally to a body of the support element.
  • the support element comprises at least one hydraulic cylinder.
  • the support element comprises a first hydraulic cylinder and a second hydraulic cylinder arranged axially one after another.
  • the first hydraulic cylinder is configured to move the support element against the rock surface.
  • the second hydraulic cylinder is configured to provide the holding device with axial movement.
  • the second hydraulic cylinder is configured to provide the holding device a zooming feature.
  • the first and second hydraulic cylinders are integrated to be one single actuator.
  • the second hydraulic cylinder can be extended and retracted independently of the first hydraulic cylinder.
  • the holding device is supported to the frame by means of a support which is slanted in relation to the bolting line and away from the rock surface to be bolted.
  • the gripping elements of the holding device are operating perpendicularly to the bolting line, but the supporting structure of the holding device is inclined backwards i.e., away from a bolting line.
  • angle of the slope of the orientation of the support structure of the holding device may be for example 15 - 30 degrees relative to a perpendicular of the bolting line.
  • the solution relates also to a bolting rig for reinforcing rock surfaces.
  • the bolting rig comprises a movable carrier, at least one boom; and at least one bolting head mounted to the boom. Further, the bolting head is in accordance with the features disclosed in this document.
  • the solution relates also to a method of reinforcing a rock surface by means of a bolting rig provided with a bolting head.
  • the method comprises: drilling a drill hole to the rock surface by means of a rock drilling unit; indexing the rock drilling unit away from a bolting line and replacing it with a bolting unit; feeding a rock bolt to the drill hole by means of a bolt driver of the bolting unit; and assisting the drilling and bolting measures by means of a holding device provided with gripping elements.
  • the method further comprises keeping the holding device continuously on the bolting line during the drilling and bolting and indexing the drilling unit and the bolting unit in relation to the bolting line.
  • Figure 1 discloses a bolting rig 1 comprising a movable carrier 2 and one or more booms 3 mounted on the carrier 2.
  • a bolting head 4 is mounted to a distal end portion of the boom 3.
  • the bolting head 4 comprises a frame 5, a bolting unit 6 and a rock drilling unit 7.
  • the bolting unit 6 comprises a bolt driver 8 for mounting rock bolts 9, and the rock drilling unit 7 comprises a rock drilling machine 10 for drilling drill holes 11 wherein the rock bolts 9 can be fed.
  • the bolting unit 6 and the rock drilling unit 7 can be indexed relative to the frame 5 so that they can be selectively positioned on a bolting line.
  • a holding device 12, or retainer, is supported on a front part of the frame 5 and comprises gripping elements for gripping and holding tools and components needed in the drilling and bolting measures.
  • the holding device 12 remains on the bolting line.
  • a feed hose 13 or channel may be arranged between the bolting unit 6 and a feed unit 14 which is located on the carrier 2. Grouting and other injection materials can then be fed to the bolting unit 6 and further to the drilled hole 11 together with the rock bolt 9.
  • Figure 1 further discloses that operation of the bolting head 4 may be controlled under control of a control unit CU.
  • the control unit CU may be provided with a bolting plan 15 wherein needed pre-designed parameters for the bolting are defined.
  • the rock bolts 9 may be mounted in a fan shape bolting pattern, or alternatively, any other desired pattern or setting may be implemented.
  • Figure 1 discloses the rock bolting rig 1 in an underground mine or gallery, the disclosed solution can also be implemented for reinforcing any other rock surfaces in mines and work sites.
  • Figure 2 discloses that a bolting head 4 comprises a holding device 12 supported on a frame 5.
  • a bolting line BL is passing through the holding unit 12.
  • a drilling unit 7 or a bolting unit 6 can be moved one at a time on the bolting line BL by means of indexing means 15 comprising at least one indexing actuator 16 generating required moving forces.
  • the bolting head comprises two indexable units 6, 7 whereas in Figure 3 there are two additional indexable units: an injection unit 17 and a magazine 18.
  • Figure 4 discloses a bolting head 4 positioned by means of a boom 3 close to a rock surface RS.
  • a frame 5 of the bolting head 4 comprises a support element 19 having an elongated tubular body 20 and a bolting unit 6 and a drilling unit 7 are both supported to the body 20 and are turnable relative to longitudinal axis of the body 20.
  • the bolting unit 6 and the drilling unit 7 can be turned to a bolting line BL by means of an indexing actuator, which is not shown in Figure 4 for clarity reasons.
  • the indexing actuator may be a hydraulic cylinder or motor, for example.
  • a bolt driver 8 may be supported movably on a first feed beam 23 and a rock drilling machine 10 may be supported movably on a second feed beam 24.
  • a holding device 12 is mounted to a front end part of the body 20. The holding device 12 retains its position on the bolting line BL while the bolting unit 6 and the drilling unit 7 change their positions during the operation.
  • the holding device 12 may or may not be moving means for moving it axially on the bolting line as it is indicated by means of an arrow.
  • the support element 19 may comprise a hydraulic cylinder or any other suitable linear actuator for generating the movement.
  • a support line SL passes along the longitudinal axis of the support element 19 and the indexing movement occurs in relation to the support line SL.
  • Figure 5 discloses a front part of a bolting head 4 and differs from the one shown in Figure 4 in that a holding device 12 is supported to a frame 5 by means of a support 26 which is slanted away from the rock surface SF to be bolted.
  • a line 27 indicates the slanting directed backwards in relation to a bolting direction B.
  • the rock surface RS may comprise pits 28 and other shapes, and then, the slanted support 26 facilitates positioning of the bolting head 4 and prevents collisions against edges of the pit 28.
  • Figure 6 discloses a holding device 12 comprising two movable gripping elements 29 for gripping and holding elements 30, such as drilling and bolting tools.
  • the gripping elements 29 may be jaws and they can be moved by means of one or more actuators, such as hydraulic cylinders. However, any other suitable moving mechanisms and type of actuators are possible.
  • Figure 7 discloses a bolting head 4 comprising a support element 19 which is provided with two hydraulic cylinders.
  • a first hydraulic cylinder 31 and a second hydraulic cylinder 32 are arranged axially one after another on a support line SL.
  • the first hydraulic cylinder 31 is configured to move a spike 25 axially on the support line SL
  • the second hydraulic cylinder 32 is configured to move a holding device 12 axially on a bolting line BL.
  • the bolting head 4 comprises a bolting unit and a drilling unit, but in Figure 7 only the drilling unit 7 is shown.
  • the bolting unit may be orientated 90°, or any other suitable angle, relative to the drilling unit 7, for example, and is therefore not shown in Figure 7 .
  • the bolting unit and the drilling unit 7 connected on an outer surface of a sleeve 33 which is turnable in relation to the support line SL, and which also serves as a body for the second hydraulic cylinder 32.
  • the sleeve 33 can turn in relation to a cradle 34 supported to boom 3.
  • the first hydraulic cylinder 31 is supported to the cradle 34 non-rotationally by means of a device 35 so that axial movement is allowed.
  • the device 35 may be a hydraulic cylinder or other retractable and extendable element. Thereby, zooming of the holding device 12 is possible.
  • the first hydraulic cylinder 31 comprises a first piston 36 separating a first working pressure space 37 and a second working pressure space 38.
  • a first working pressure surface A1 of the first piston 36 is facing towards the first working pressures space 37, and a second working pressure surface A2 is facing towards the second working pressure space 38.
  • the first working pressure surface A1 is greater than the second working pressure surface A2.
  • a first pressure channel P1 is connected to the first working pressure space 37 and a second pressure channel P2 is connected to the second working pressure space 38.
  • the second hydraulic cylinder 32 comprises a second piston 39 separating a third working pressure space 40 and a fourth working pressure space 41.
  • a third working pressure surface A3 of the second piston 39 is facing towards the third working pressures space 40, and a fourth working pressure surface A4 is facing towards the fourth working pressure space 41.
  • the third working pressure surface A3 is greater than the fourth working pressure surface A4.
  • a third pressure channel P3 is connected to the third working pressure space 40 and a fourth pressure channel P4 is connected to the fourth working pressure space 41.
  • Axial forces generated in the first and second hydraulic cylinder 31, 32 depend on magnitudes of pressures p1 - p4 fed to the working pressure spaces 37, 38, 40, 41 and differences on pressure areas a1 - a4 of pressure surfaces A1 - A4 on opposite sides of the first and second piston 36, 39.
  • the holding device 12 can be moved forwards towards the rock surface RS when force F3 (p3*a3) is greater than force F1 (p1*a1), and Force 2 (p2*a2) is less than force F3 (p3*a3) while force F4 (p4*a4) is less than force F3 (p3*a3).
  • the acronyms p1 - p4 relate to pressures in the pressure channels P1 - P4, acronyms a1 - a4 relate to sizes of the pressure surfaces A1 - A4, and the generated forces F1 - F4 are products of p*a.
  • Movement of the holding device 12 in backward direction i.e., away from the rock surface RS can be achieved when pressure differences prevailing in the working pressure spaces 37, 38, 40, 41 are the other way around.
  • pressure differences prevailing in the working pressure spaces 37, 38, 40, 41 are the other way around.
  • the force F1 determines support force holding the bolting head 4 against the rock surface RS.
  • Figure 7 discloses that the support element 19 comprises two integrated hydraulic cylinders 31 and 32 ant that pressure difference control is implemented in their control.
  • Figure 8 discloses items that can be gripped by means of a holding device.
  • the holding device can be utilized for handling different rock drilling components and for handling different rock bolting tools and components.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Geology (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Earth Drilling (AREA)
EP22210804.5A 2022-12-01 2022-12-01 Bolzenkopf, bolzenanlage und verfahren Pending EP4379182A1 (de)

Priority Applications (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP22210804.5A EP4379182A1 (de) 2022-12-01 2022-12-01 Bolzenkopf, bolzenanlage und verfahren
PCT/EP2023/082939 WO2024115292A1 (en) 2022-12-01 2023-11-24 Bolting head, bolting rig and method

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP22210804.5A EP4379182A1 (de) 2022-12-01 2022-12-01 Bolzenkopf, bolzenanlage und verfahren

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP4379182A1 true EP4379182A1 (de) 2024-06-05

Family

ID=84370063

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP22210804.5A Pending EP4379182A1 (de) 2022-12-01 2022-12-01 Bolzenkopf, bolzenanlage und verfahren

Country Status (2)

Country Link
EP (1) EP4379182A1 (de)
WO (1) WO2024115292A1 (de)

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4229124A (en) * 1979-02-15 1980-10-21 Joy Manufacturing Company Automatic roof bolting system for mines
WO2010029220A1 (en) * 2008-09-15 2010-03-18 Sandvik Mining And Construction Oy Method of cracking rock material, and breaking device
CA2792592A1 (en) * 2012-10-22 2014-04-22 Yves Nelson Rock bolting system, method of installing rock bolts, and flexible bolt centralizer

Family Cites Families (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CA2888184C (en) * 2015-04-16 2017-09-26 1311854 Ontario Limited Bolt plate magazine and centralizer
CN112112564B (zh) * 2020-10-09 2022-08-19 廊坊景隆重工机械有限公司 一种锚杆钻车用全自动钻臂

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4229124A (en) * 1979-02-15 1980-10-21 Joy Manufacturing Company Automatic roof bolting system for mines
WO2010029220A1 (en) * 2008-09-15 2010-03-18 Sandvik Mining And Construction Oy Method of cracking rock material, and breaking device
CA2792592A1 (en) * 2012-10-22 2014-04-22 Yves Nelson Rock bolting system, method of installing rock bolts, and flexible bolt centralizer

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
SANDVIK MINING AND ROCK SOLUTIONS: "Sandvik DT923i automated i-series tunneling jumbo | Sandvik Mining and Rock Solutions", 14 April 2021 (2021-04-14), XP093040021, Retrieved from the Internet <URL:https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=eo0LfBtyRBI&ab_channel=SandvikMiningandRockSolutions> [retrieved on 20230418] *

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
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