EP3735514B1 - Vorrichtung an tunnelbohrmaschinen für bohrarbeiten ohne bedienungspersonal im bohrloch - Google Patents

Vorrichtung an tunnelbohrmaschinen für bohrarbeiten ohne bedienungspersonal im bohrloch Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3735514B1
EP3735514B1 EP18898967.7A EP18898967A EP3735514B1 EP 3735514 B1 EP3735514 B1 EP 3735514B1 EP 18898967 A EP18898967 A EP 18898967A EP 3735514 B1 EP3735514 B1 EP 3735514B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
tunnel
boring machine
boring
borehole
frame portion
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
EP18898967.7A
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP3735514A1 (de
EP3735514A4 (de
Inventor
Per Olav Haughom
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Norhard Asset AS
Original Assignee
Norhard Asset AS
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Norhard Asset AS filed Critical Norhard Asset AS
Priority claimed from PCT/NO2018/050314 external-priority patent/WO2019135682A1/en
Publication of EP3735514A1 publication Critical patent/EP3735514A1/de
Publication of EP3735514A4 publication Critical patent/EP3735514A4/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP3735514B1 publication Critical patent/EP3735514B1/de
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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
    • E21D9/00—Tunnels or galleries, with or without linings; Methods or apparatus for making thereof; Layout of tunnels or galleries
    • E21D9/10—Making by using boring or cutting machines
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
    • E21D9/00—Tunnels or galleries, with or without linings; Methods or apparatus for making thereof; Layout of tunnels or galleries
    • E21D9/10—Making by using boring or cutting machines
    • E21D9/1093—Devices for supporting, advancing or orientating the machine or the tool-carrier
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B10/00—Drill bits
    • E21B10/08—Roller bits
    • E21B10/12—Roller bits with discs cutters
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B7/00—Special methods or apparatus for drilling
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B7/00—Special methods or apparatus for drilling
    • E21B7/04—Directional drilling
    • E21B7/046—Directional drilling horizontal drilling
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B7/00—Special methods or apparatus for drilling
    • E21B7/04—Directional drilling
    • E21B7/06—Deflecting the direction of boreholes
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B7/00—Special methods or apparatus for drilling
    • E21B7/04—Directional drilling
    • E21B7/06—Deflecting the direction of boreholes
    • E21B7/062—Deflecting the direction of boreholes the tool shaft rotating inside a non-rotating guide travelling with the shaft
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
    • E21D9/00—Tunnels or galleries, with or without linings; Methods or apparatus for making thereof; Layout of tunnels or galleries
    • E21D9/10—Making by using boring or cutting machines
    • E21D9/11—Making by using boring or cutting machines with a rotary drilling-head cutting simultaneously the whole cross-section, i.e. full-face machines
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
    • E21D9/00—Tunnels or galleries, with or without linings; Methods or apparatus for making thereof; Layout of tunnels or galleries
    • E21D9/10—Making by using boring or cutting machines
    • E21D9/11—Making by using boring or cutting machines with a rotary drilling-head cutting simultaneously the whole cross-section, i.e. full-face machines
    • E21D9/112—Making by using boring or cutting machines with a rotary drilling-head cutting simultaneously the whole cross-section, i.e. full-face machines by means of one single rotary head or of concentric rotary heads
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21F—SAFETY DEVICES, TRANSPORT, FILLING-UP, RESCUE, VENTILATION, OR DRAINING IN OR OF MINES OR TUNNELS
    • E21F13/00—Transport specially adapted to underground conditions

Definitions

  • This invention concerns a tunnel-boring machine which is designed and adapted for carrying out directional-boring operations over long stretches, typically 2-3 km, without operators in the borehole. More particularly, it relates to a tunnel-boring machine comprising a frame, a rotating boring head with rolling disc cutters supported at a front end of a first frame portion, and a second, polygonal frame portion that extends rearwards from the first frame portion.
  • Today's technology for boring holes through rock formations may, in the main, be divided into two main categories:
  • Mass that is broken loose from the boring operation must be transported out by conveyor belts or rail cars. All this requires operators in the borehole for operating and maintaining the equipment.
  • a boring machine for boring tunnels of a non-circular cross section is known, the boring machine being provided with two main cutters that each form semi-circular side portions of the borehole, whereas upper and lower elongated trimming cutters take out a straight ceiling portion and a straight floor portion which connect the two semi-circular side portions.
  • the cutters are supported in a front unit which is connected to a rear unit via jacks that provide feeding of the cutters as they work into the material that is to be removed.
  • the rear unit has a sectioned frame, wherein a straight main section may rest on the floor of the tunnel, semi-circular side sections may be clamped against the side walls of the tunnel by means of actuators moving the side sections sideways relative to the main section, and a straight top section may be clamped against the ceiling of the tunnel by means of actuators moving the top section sideways relative to the main section.
  • WO2008010189 A2 discloses a mining robot provided with a propulsion system including drive rollers arranged at end portions of two pairs of telescopic legs supporting a robot body on a surface under, possibly under and over, the robot as the legs are pivotable into different positions relative to the robot body.
  • the drive rollers provide for the robot to be able to move in a passage that is defined by said surfaces.
  • a boring machine provided with a boom carrying a cutter head via a rotary joint
  • a frame is provided with a driving apparatus which, via tracks, can provide for movement of the boring machine, and the frame is provided with several devices for anchoring the boring machine to surrounding surfaces during a boring operation.
  • the cutter head is pressed against the material that is to be removed, by the boom being moved in its longitudinal direction relative to the clamped frame.
  • US 3,485,309 discloses an earth boring apparatus comprising an anchor tube assembly selectively anchored at its forward end within a pilot bore at a point within the rock or other material to be cut ahead of a rotating main cutter head that is axially slidable along the anchor tube assembly and the rotating cutter head is pulled forwardly into the material face toward the anchored front end of the anchor tube assembly.
  • the anchor tube assembly near its read end carries rib jacks engaging the tunnel wall. Thrust reaction forces caused by the main cutting head action are transmitted directly to the rib packs by a system including levers pivoted on the anchor tube assembly connected by thrust links to the rib jacks and mounting thrust cylinders connected for urging the cutting head forwardly along the anchor tube assembly.
  • the present invention has for its object to remedy, or at least reduce, one or more of the drawbacks of the prior art.
  • the invention provides a tunnel-boring machine arranged to bore circular holes through a rock formation, the tunnel-boring machine comprising a boring head (drill bit) rotating around the longitudinal axis of the borehole and being provided with rolling disc cutters or rolling discs which, by rotation of the boring head, break material loose when subjected to compressive forces against the rock.
  • the rotation of the boring head is provided by a driving apparatus, typically in the form of one or more electromotors with step-down gearing between the motor(s) and the boring head.
  • an anchoring unit is arranged, which is axially movable on a portion of a frame in the tunnel-boring machine and is provided with a set of radially displaceable anchoring feet that can be clamped against a surrounding borehole wall and constitute the anchoring attachments for one or more feeding cylinders that are attached to the anchoring unit and the frame, so that the tunnel-boring machine may be pushed in its longitudinal direction and apply a desired feeding force to the boring head.
  • the frame is provided with a set of supporting rollers near the boring head.
  • the supporting rollers rest against the borehole wall and provides for the boring head to be stabilized sideways.
  • the anchoring unit is placed behind the supporting rollers and is so arranged that each anchoring foot can be adjusted individually. Thereby the direction of the boring machine can be given an angular change by pivoting about one or more of the supporting rollers, so that the direction of boring and thereby the direction of the borehole is changed.
  • the data used for setting the desired directional change may come from a directional-control unit placed at some distance behind the tunnel-boring machine.
  • Cuttings that is broken loose by the boring head may be transported away from the boring head by, for example, water flushing and a mechanical transport device suitable for the purpose.
  • the mixture of cuttings and water may be carried into a pumping unit by means of said transport device.
  • the mixture of water and cuttings is carried through pipes or hoses to a collecting point outside the borehole.
  • a transport device (tractor) is arranged in association with the tunnel-boring machine, which makes it possible, by means of electrically or hydraulically driven wheels or track sections, to move the boring machine in the borehole.
  • the wheels or track sections are arranged on radially movable structures which can push the wheels or track sections against the borehole wall to achieve sufficient friction.
  • control unit typically arranged in an operator cabin, and necessary equipment for power supply and for handling cables, hoses and pipes, typically arranged on drums.
  • the invention relates, more specifically, to a tunnel-boring machine comprising a frame, a rotating boring head with rolling disc cutters supported at a front end of a first frame portion, and a second, polygonal frame portion extending rearwards from the first frame portion, characterized by an anchoring unit, which is provided with several radially movable anchoring feet, being rotationally rigidly arranged on the second frame portion and being arranged to be displaceable in a longitudinal direction of a longitudinal axis of the tunnel-boring machine by means of at least one hydraulic feeding cylinder; a transport device, which is arranged to move the tunnel-boring machine in a borehole, being connected to the frame; and the transport device comprising several wheel sets, each wheel set including at least one wheel that is connected to a driving motor, the wheel sets being supported in bogies which are pivotally connected to telescopic structures which are radially displaceable by means of hydraulic cylinders, and the first frame portion is provided with several supporting rollers which, by abutment against a
  • a transport device may be in association with a pumping unit and be arranged to feed cuttings into the pumping unit.
  • the wheel sets may form part of a drive-track arrangement.
  • At least one of the wheel sets may include a steered wheel arranged in a wheel attachment which is pivotable around a king pin by means of a third cylinder.
  • the boring operation may be controllable from an operator cabin outside the borehole.
  • FIG. 1 A borehole 2 is bored through a rock formation 1 by means of a tunnel-boring machine 3 which is provided with a boring head 4 with rolling disc cutters 5.
  • the tunnel-boring machine 3 is further provided with a frame 6 comprising a first frame portion 6a, shown here as a portion with a circular cross section, and a second frame portion 6b shown here as a portion with a substantially quadrangular cross section.
  • first frame portion 6a In the first frame portion 6a, a driving apparatus (not shown) for rotating the boring head 4 projecting from an end of the first frame portion 6a is installed.
  • the first frame portion 6a is provided with supporting rollers 9 arranged near the boring head 4.
  • the supporting rollers 9 are arranged to rest against a borehole wall 2a formed by the boring head 4, in order thereby to position the boring head 4 radially.
  • Axial feeding force on the boring head 4 is provided by an anchoring unit 7 which is rotationally rigidly displaceable on the second frame portion 6b.
  • the anchoring unit 7 is provided with several anchoring feet 11, shown here as four anchoring feet 11, which can be pressed against the borehole wall 2a by means of first hydraulic cylinders 16 in order thereby to form an anchoring for a feeding cylinder 10 connected to the anchoring unit 7 and the frame 6, typically the first frame portion 6a, and arranged to push the frame 6 relative to the anchoring unit 7 and thereby relative to the surrounding borehole wall 2a to which the anchoring unit 7 is clamped.
  • the second frame portion 6b provides a travelling path for the anchoring unit 7 with a length adapted to a preferred length of stroke of the feeding sequence, that is to say the length of stroke of the feeding cylinder 10.
  • the second frame portion is provided with sliding rails 8 against which the anchoring unit 7 is resting supportingly.
  • the radial displacement of the anchoring feet 11 relative to the frame 6, 6b is provided by means of first and second links 13, 14 connected to the anchoring feet 11 and to a sliding structure 15 via first and second link joints 17, 18 and connected to first hydraulic cylinders 16 by third link joints 19.
  • the first hydraulic cylinders 16 displace the anchoring feet 11 radially by a displacement of the third link joints 19 relative to the sliding structure 15 in the longitudinal direction of the second frame portion 6b.
  • the tunnel-boring machine 3 may be transported in and out through the borehole 2 with a transport device (tractor) 20 placed behind the actual boring machine 3, where it is connected to the second frame portion 6b.
  • a number of wheels 21 form several wheel sets 21a, which are possibly provided with tracks (not shown), and are arranged on bogies 22 which, via bolt connections 23, are articulately supported in telescopic structures 24 that are radially displaceable by means of second hydraulic cylinders 25.
  • the telescopic structures 24 are, in turn, connected to a frame structure 26 (see figures 6 and 7 ).
  • the wheels 21 are driven by electric or hydraulic motors 27.
  • One of the wheels 28 may be attached to a wheel attachment 31 as a steered wheel pivotably supported on a king pin 29 so that the wheel 28 may be given an angle 32 relative to a longitudinal axis 33 of the tractor. Thereby the direction of motion of the tunnel-boring machine 3 can be controlled during transport in and out.
  • a third hydraulic cylinder 30 controls the direction of the steered wheel 28.
  • the out-transport of cuttings may be carried out with a pumping unit 34 connected to the tunnel-boring machine 3, placed behind the transport device 20 here and with a transport device 35, for example a conveyor belt carrying cuttings from the boring head 4 up into the pumping unit 34. From the pumping unit 34 a mixture of cuttings and added water is pumped out through pipes or hoses 36.
  • Power and control cables run from cable drums 37 outside the borehole 2 in to the tunnel-boring machine 3 inside the borehole 2.
  • a cabin 38 for manned operation of the boring operation is placed outside the borehole 2.
  • the direction of the borehole 2 is controlled by the longitudinal axis 33 of the tunnel-boring machine 3 being given an angular displacement around a pivot point 41 formed by one or more of the supporting rollers 9 arranged on the frame 6 near the boring head 4 so that an axis 39 forms an angle 40 with the centre axis of the borehole 2, represented by the earlier position of the longitudinal axis 33 of the tunnel-boring machine 3.
  • the angular displacement is provided by the anchoring feet 11 being set by individual radial movements 42 (see figure 12 ) in two planes by means of the first hydraulic cylinders 16.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Geology (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Earth Drilling (AREA)

Claims (5)

  1. Eine Tunnelbohrmaschine (3) umfassend
    einen Rahmen (6)
    einen rotierenden Bohrkopf (4) mit Schneidrollen (5), die an einem vorderen Ende eines ersten Rahmenabschnitts (6a) aufliegen, und
    einen zweiten, polygonalen Rahmenabschnitt (6b), der sich von dem ersten Rahmenabschnitt aus (6a) nach hinten erstreckt,
    eine Verankerungseinheit (7) mit mehreren radial verschiebbaren Verankerungsfüßen (11), die drehsteif an dem zweiten Rahmenabschnitt (6b) angebracht ist und so angebracht ist, dass sie durch mindestens einen hydraulischen Vorschubzylinder (10) in Längsrichtung einer Längsachse (33) der Tunnelbohrmaschine (3) verschiebbar ist;
    eine Transportvorrichtung (20), die so ausgelegt ist, dass sie die Tunnelbohrmaschine (3) in ein Bohrloch (2) bewegt und mit dem Rahmen (6) verbunden ist;
    die Transportvorrichtung (20) mehrere Radsätze (21a) umfasst, wobei jeder Radsatz (21a) mindestens ein Rad (21) umfasst, das mit einem Antriebsmotor (27) verbunden ist, und die Radsätze (21a) in Drehgestellen (23) gelagert sind, die schwenkbar mit teleskopartigen Strukturen (24) verbunden sind, die durch Hydraulikzylindern (25) radial verschiebbar sind; und dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der erste Rahmenabschnitt (6a) mit mehreren Stützrollen (9) versehen ist, die durch Auflage an einer umgebenden Bohrlochwand einen Drehpunkt (41) für eine Richtungsänderung (40) der Tunnelbohrmaschine (3) durch eine einzelne radiale Verschiebung der Verankerungsfüße (11) bilden.
  2. Die Tunnelbohrmaschine (3) nach Anspruch 1, wobei eine Transportvorrichtung (35) mit einer Pumpeinheit (34) verbunden und so angeordnet ist, dass sie Bohrklein in die Pumpeinheit (34) fördert.
  3. Die Tunnelbohrmaschine (3) nach Anspruch 1, wobei die Radsätze (21a) Teil einer Antriebseinrichtung sind.
  4. Die Tunnelbohrmaschine (3) nach Anspruch 1, wobei mindestens einer der Radsätze (21a) ein gelenktes Rad (28) umfasst, das in einer Radbefestigung (31) angebracht ist, die mittels eines dritten Zylinders (30) um einen Achsschenkelbolzen (29) schwenkbar ist.
  5. Die Tunnelbohrmaschine (3) nach Anspruch 1, wobei der Bohrvorgang von einer Bedienerkabine (38) außerhalb des Bohrlochs (2) aus steuerbar ist.
EP18898967.7A 2018-01-02 2018-12-18 Vorrichtung an tunnelbohrmaschinen für bohrarbeiten ohne bedienungspersonal im bohrloch Active EP3735514B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
NO20180005 2018-01-02
NO20181428A NO20181428A1 (no) 2018-01-02 2018-11-07 Anordning ved tunnelboremaskin tilrettelagt for boreoperasjoner uten bemanning inne i borehullet
PCT/NO2018/050314 WO2019135682A1 (en) 2018-01-02 2018-12-18 Device at tunnel boring machine arranged for drilling operations without operators in the borehole

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP3735514A1 EP3735514A1 (de) 2020-11-11
EP3735514A4 EP3735514A4 (de) 2021-12-08
EP3735514B1 true EP3735514B1 (de) 2023-02-15

Family

ID=67432570

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP18898967.7A Active EP3735514B1 (de) 2018-01-02 2018-12-18 Vorrichtung an tunnelbohrmaschinen für bohrarbeiten ohne bedienungspersonal im bohrloch

Country Status (2)

Country Link
EP (1) EP3735514B1 (de)
NO (1) NO20181428A1 (de)

Family Cites Families (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB254839A (en) * 1925-05-08 1926-07-15 Douglas Whitaker Improvements in or relating to tunnelling machines
GB894206A (en) * 1958-08-11 1962-04-18 Bade & Co Gmbh A mine tunnelling machine
FR1254331A (fr) * 1960-04-16 1961-02-17 Goodman Mfg Co Perfectionnements apportés aux machines à percer les tunnels
US3485309A (en) * 1967-08-08 1969-12-23 Alkirk Inc Earth boring apparatus
US3784257A (en) * 1972-02-16 1974-01-08 Atlas Copco Ab Steering system for a tunnel boring machine
NO317774B1 (no) * 2003-03-11 2004-12-13 Sira Kvina Kraftselskap Anordning ved fjellboremaskin
WO2008010189A2 (en) * 2006-07-18 2008-01-24 Gfl Mining Services Ltd Vehicle
NO333300B1 (no) * 2008-06-05 2013-04-29 Norwegian Hard Rock Drilling As Anordning ved bergboremaskin
NO333280B1 (no) * 2009-05-06 2013-04-29 Norwegian Hard Rock Drilling As Styreanordning for bergboremaskin.

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP3735514A1 (de) 2020-11-11
EP3735514A4 (de) 2021-12-08
NO20181428A1 (no) 2019-07-03

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