EP4367486A1 - Kraftmesseinrichtung - Google Patents
KraftmesseinrichtungInfo
- Publication number
- EP4367486A1 EP4367486A1 EP22740859.8A EP22740859A EP4367486A1 EP 4367486 A1 EP4367486 A1 EP 4367486A1 EP 22740859 A EP22740859 A EP 22740859A EP 4367486 A1 EP4367486 A1 EP 4367486A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- load
- bearing element
- measuring device
- axle
- electrically conductive
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60G—VEHICLE SUSPENSION ARRANGEMENTS
- B60G11/00—Resilient suspensions characterised by arrangement, location or kind of springs
- B60G11/02—Resilient suspensions characterised by arrangement, location or kind of springs having leaf springs only
- B60G11/10—Resilient suspensions characterised by arrangement, location or kind of springs having leaf springs only characterised by means specially adapted for attaching the spring to axle or sprung part of the vehicle
- B60G11/113—Mountings on the axle
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01G—WEIGHING
- G01G19/00—Weighing apparatus or methods adapted for special purposes not provided for in the preceding groups
- G01G19/08—Weighing apparatus or methods adapted for special purposes not provided for in the preceding groups for incorporation in vehicles
- G01G19/12—Weighing apparatus or methods adapted for special purposes not provided for in the preceding groups for incorporation in vehicles having electrical weight-sensitive devices
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60G—VEHICLE SUSPENSION ARRANGEMENTS
- B60G2202/00—Indexing codes relating to the type of spring, damper or actuator
- B60G2202/10—Type of spring
- B60G2202/11—Leaf spring
- B60G2202/112—Leaf spring longitudinally arranged
Definitions
- the invention relates to a device for measuring forces in a spring-loaded chassis of a single or multi-axle vehicle, the force measuring device being designed as a load-bearing element and being provided in the force transmission path between the body and the axle in such a way that spring elements arranged between the axle and the body each have the load-bearing element connected to the axle and/or to the body.
- the weight of the load has a significant influence on driving behavior and thus on driving safety.
- the determination or measurement of the vehicle weight or vehicle mass and its distribution to individual axles or wheels is therefore an important basis for safe transport. Therefore, there are also legal regulations worldwide according to which the overloading of heavy goods vehicles or other vehicles is prohibited.
- the Federal Motor Transport Authority specifies the payload and the permissible total weight as fixed values as part of the general operating permit.
- the weight is determined using measuring devices that are installed in the vehicle.
- the fleet operators and Freight forwarders are extremely interested, since precise and forward-looking load planning can take place here.
- Such a measuring device is disclosed in DE 102019202763 A1, but only for a measurement when the vehicle is stationary. There, the measuring device is arranged in a spring shackle, with which a leaf spring element is connected to the structural element or the body. The deformation of the spring shackle is determined using strain gauges. Such a construction is relatively expensive and maintenance-intensive.
- DE 199 18679 A1 discloses an electronic measuring system with a sensor attached to the vehicle for determining the bearing mass of a vehicle.
- the sensor can be integrated in a shock absorber and record the force acting there.
- a shock absorber in a chassis is one of several load-bearing points on an axle and is arranged parallel to a suspension, which absorbs the "actual" weight load.
- Such a shock absorber is usefully more suitable for determining dynamic forces than for determining static contact forces.
- a measuring system arranged on the shock absorber is therefore less suitable for load measurements when stationary.
- the object of the present invention was therefore to provide an improved measuring device integrated in the vehicle, with the aid of which forces in a spring-loaded chassis of a vehicle can be switched on or off in a simple manner multi-axle vehicle can be measured, in particular weight forces that are caused by the loading of the vehicle.
- the measurement should not only be possible when stationary, but at any time, i.e. also while driving or as part of checks when the journey is interrupted.
- the task was to make the measuring device as simple as possible and to integrate it within standard axle or chassis components.
- the force measuring device in the vehicle is designed as a load-bearing element made of essentially elastically deformable plastic or elastomeric material in the force transmission path between the body and the axle, with electrodes that are spaced apart from one another and insulated from one another by the elastically deformable plastic or elastomeric material, electrically conductive layers or electrically conductive elements are integrated, the position or geometry of which can be changed absolutely and/or relative to one another by deformation of the load-bearing element under load and thereby generate a detectable electrical quantity proportional to the elastic deformation of the load-bearing element.
- elastically deformable plastic should also always be included.
- the advantage of such a force measuring device is, on the one hand, that static forces can also be measured directly, ie also a weight change during loading of a vehicle while it is stationary or dynamic changes while driving.
- the deformation of the load-bearing element for example a rubber load-bearing element, leads to a change in the position or geometry of the electrically conductive elements or layers within the rubber matrix and can be read out as a detectable electrical variable proportional to the deformation, ie to the weight load.
- a change in the electrical variable can be read out, for example, via conventional cables, antennas, sensors or field detectors.
- the introduction of electrical energy into the electrical elements, into the conductive layers or into the electrodes is also possible through cables, antennas or corresponding transmitters arranged in the vicinity of the load-bearing elements.
- such systems are known to a person skilled in the art from near-field communication, transponder or RFID technology.
- the design according to the invention allows a very simple release position and construction of the force measuring device and its integration within or between chassis components without major assembly effort. This results in the possibility of providing standard components which, combined with the appropriate reading devices or transmitters, can be installed in all chassis constructions.
- This change in capacitance can be measured by the sensors and devices already mentioned above and, after appropriate calibration, is then used to determine the load weight.
- a further advantageous embodiment is that the load-bearing element is made up of several parts and/or several elastomeric materials.
- the load-bearing element With a multi-part design of the load-bearing element, it is possible for example for the load-bearing element to be composed of a number of components or layers, of which at least one has the arrangement of electrodes, electrically conductive layers or electrically conductive elements which are insulated from one another.
- Such a construction can consist, for example, of an upper layer of a conventional elastomeric material, an intermediate layer of a load-bearing element designed according to the invention, which constitutes the measuring device, and a lower layer again of conventional elastomeric material.
- the measuring device can be manufactured as a separate standard part and, depending on the application, can be vulcanized or connected to differently designed upper and lower parts made of an elastomeric material, so that it can be adapted to the respective application, to the desired Deformation behavior and the installation condition without any problems is possible.
- a further advantageous embodiment is that several groups of interacting electrodes, electrically conductive layers or electrically conductive elements are arranged in groups next to each other within the load-bearing element such that an electrical variable proportional to the elastic deformation of partial areas of the load-bearing element can be generated.
- the loading of individual partial areas of the load-bearing element can then be determined according to the above equation.
- conclusions can be drawn about the load distribution and any uneven loading when the vehicle is stationary.
- braking or acceleration forces can of course also be determined with a correspondingly fast processing of the signals in an on-board computer and used for vehicle control. It is also possible to determine lateral forces or shear forces acting on the load-bearing element by comparing the signals from the individual groups of interacting electrodes.
- a further advantageous embodiment is that several groups of interacting electrodes, electrically conductive layers or electrically conductive elements are arranged one above the other within the load-bearing element in groups such that an electrical variable proportional to the elastic displacement or torsion of the load-bearing element can be generated.
- shearing forces acting on the load-bearing element can be determined, in particular through the change or displacement of the electrode surfaces relative to one another.
- the arrangement of several groups of electrodes, which are arranged one above the other, that is to say in their areal extension transversely to the normal load, also results in a pronounced amplification of the output signal.
- a further advantageous embodiment is that the load-bearing element is provided with a current generator that uses its deformation energy, preferably with a piezo element.
- a current generator that uses its deformation energy
- the load-bearing element is provided with an electronic circuit designed as a control and signal processing device, preferably with a transmitter unit and antenna connected thereto, with the control and signal processing device generating an elastic deformation of the load-bearing Elements proportional electrical variable can be transmitted as an output signal to an external receiving device.
- the power supply for the control and signal processing device and also for the transmission unit can be provided by the piezo element.
- One is then no longer dependent on the passive radiation of amounts of energy from outside the load-bearing element.
- Such a separate energy supply also makes it easier to send the signal proportional to the deformation of the load-bearing element to receiving devices in the vehicle, so that not only the driver is constantly informed about the state of charge.
- signals that represent the state of charge can also be sent to a control center of a freight forwarder or a fleet operator via any other radio devices that may be connected and that are present in the vehicle.
- a further advantageous embodiment is that the load-bearing element is designed as a damping element for the respective spring element and is preferably arranged in the connection area between the spring element and the axle. Since almost all loading forces/weight forces are transferred to the axle via these connection points, such an arrangement results in particularly precise values for the vehicle weight.
- the load-bearing element is advantageously designed and shaped as a damping element of the leaf spring a damper block clamped between the leaf spring and the axle as a connection between the leaf spring and the axle.
- the arrangement of such block dampers, which are clamped between the axle and leaf spring, is a common design in the leaf spring suspension of chassis for trucks. It is therefore very easy to adapt the normal manufacturing process of chassis so that instead of the block damper from the prior art, a installed between the leaf spring and the axle clamped damper block, which contains the measuring device according to the invention or is designed as such.
- the invention is also aimed at a damping element designed in this way with an integrated force measuring device, which is installed in a spring-loaded chassis of a single- or multi-axle vehicle and is arranged as a load-bearing element in the force transmission path between the body and the axle.
- a chassis of a truck with mechanical leaf spring suspension is also claimed, which has a force measuring device designed as a load-bearing element.
- a method for determining the vehicle weight with a force measuring device consists, as already indicated above, in that, particularly when the vehicle is stationary and while it is being loaded, the change in electrical variables that depend on the loading of the vehicle due to a change in position or geometry of the in electrodes, electrically conductive layers or electrically conductive elements provided on the load-bearing element made of elastomeric material are compared in appropriately calibrated computing devices with corresponding reference values for the unladen weight of the vehicle when stationary, and the actual weight of the vehicle is determined from this.
- Such a procedure makes it possible to determine the exact loading situation, for example of a truck, not only before the start of the journey, but also at each break in travel and at each stop at destinations where charge is removed and another charge is added again.
- Using the measuring device according to the invention also makes it possible to determine the dynamic forces acting on a chassis, for example on a chassis of a truck. While the vehicle is moving, the change in electrical variables that arise as a function of dynamic forces acting on the vehicle and are generated by a change in position or geometry of the electrodes, electrically conductive layers or electrically conductive elements provided in the load-bearing element made of elastomeric material , compared in correspondingly calibrated computing devices with corresponding reference values or threshold values. As soon as such predefined threshold values are reached or exceeded, a signal is output, for example a warning signal to the driver or a signal to the vehicle controller.
- Fig. 1 is a sketch for overview and classification of the following
- FIG. 2 shows a perspective view of a sketch of the undercarriage construction of the truck axle of a truck and the arrangement of a measuring device according to the invention there,
- FIG. 3 shows a possible arrangement of the measuring device according to the invention, designed as a damper block, in the chassis as a schematic diagram,
- FIG. 4 shows a further possible arrangement of the measuring device according to the invention, designed as a damper block, in the chassis as a schematic diagram,
- Fig. 6 in the form of a sketch another arrangement of Flat electrodes within a damper block according to the invention
- FIG. 7 shows a sketch of a further arrangement of surface electrodes within a damper block according to the invention, which is provided between further elastomeric materials,
- FIG. 8 shows a sketch of a measuring device according to the invention designed as a damper block in an embodiment in which two groups of interacting surface electrodes are arranged next to one another within the damper block,
- FIG. 9 shows a sketch of a measuring device according to the invention designed as a damper block in a further embodiment with several groups of interacting surface electrodes within a damper block.
- Fig. 1 shows a two-axle truck 1 with a driver's cab 2, a loading area or a loading box 3, with the front axle 4 and the rear axle 5 in the form of a sketch for an overview and for the classification of the following figures.
- FIG. 2 shows, also in the form of a sketch, the running gear construction of the rear axle 5 of the truck in a perspective view from the rear left.
- the rear axle 5 is connected via a layered leaf spring 8 to a frame support, not shown here, which carries the loading box 3, which is also not shown in FIG. 2 to simplify it.
- the connection of the leaf spring 8 to the frame support takes place at both ends of the leaf spring via articulation points designed as moveable spring shackles 9 which are articulated in the frame support.
- the leaf spring 8 is connected to the rear axle 5 via an elastomeric damping element which, according to the invention, is designed as a measuring device in the form of a load-bearing element.
- the measuring device according to the invention is designed here in the form of a damper block 10 clamped between the leaf spring and the axle.
- damper blocks are already used in the prior art, but not in the form of a measuring device, but only as a simple monolithic rubber block.
- the damper block 10 designed according to the invention which is arranged here between the underside of the layered leaf spring 8 and the upper side of the rear axle 5, is clamped using steel clamps 11, which enclose the leaf spring 8 and rear axle 5 with the aid of corresponding shaped pieces and are firmly screwed under tension.
- a shock absorber 12 can also be seen, which is connected on the one hand to a flange 13 of the axle and on the other hand to the frame support, not shown here.
- the damper block 10 is constructed here from elastomeric material and is arranged as a load-bearing element between the leaf spring 8 and the rear axle 5, but has electrically conductive layers integrated in the damper block, in this case layers made of electrically conductive rubber, which form a capacitive resistance whose capacity is proportional to the elastic Deformation of the load-bearing element, ie the damper block 10, is variable.
- the measuring device Since the load forces/weight forces are essentially transmitted to the axle(s) via the load-bearing elements designed as a damper block 10, the measuring device according to the invention provides particularly precise values for the vehicle weight.
- 3 and 4 represent possible arrangements of a measuring device according to the invention, designed as a damper block, in the chassis and in relation to the leaf spring and the frame or the structure of the vehicle in the form of schematic sketches different graphic representations of visible and invisible lines are dispensed with.
- FIG. 3 shows, in the form of a schematic diagram, a damper block 10 designed according to the invention, which is arranged as a load-bearing element between a leaf spring 8 and a flinter axle 5 .
- the outer ends of the leaf spring 8 are attached to a body 14 or to the lower frame of a loading box 3 via pivot points.
- two groups of four surface electrodes 15 each are formed, which are also deformed when the elastomeric damper block 10 is deformed, as will be explained later.
- FIG. 4 shows an example of the same basic arrangement of such a damper block 10 designed according to the invention, but for a double axle in which two springs 8 arranged one behind the other are provided and each connected to a flinter axle 5 with the integration of the damper block.
- 3 and 4 show a view from one side.
- the springs and damper blocks according to the invention are arranged mirror-symmetrically to the central axis on both sides of the axle suspension of a vehicle.
- FIG. 5 and 6 show, enlarged in the form of a sketch, different arrangements of surface electrodes within a damper block 10 according to the invention.
- the different graphical representations of visible and invisible lines were dispensed with for the reasons already mentioned.
- the effective direction of the weight or the weight of the load is shown by the arrow 16 in the following figures.
- FIG. 5 shows a view in the upper representation and a plan view in the lower representation of a measuring device according to the invention designed as a damper block. It can be clearly seen here that only two surface electrodes 15 are provided, which form a capacitive resistance and respond by changing the capacitance proportional to the elastic deformation of the load bearing element/damper block.
- FIG. 6 shows a view in the upper part and a plan view in the lower part of a measuring device according to the invention designed as a damper block 10, in which a total of four surface electrodes 15 are provided.
- damping block 10 only represents the central part of a load-bearing element.
- damping materials/damping blocks 17 are arranged above and below the damping block 10, but they do not have a design according to the invention. With such a design, an optimum between damping properties through different materials and deformation properties in the damping block 10 can be realized.
- four surface electrodes 15 are provided in the damping block 10 arranged in the middle between the damping materials 17, which form a capacitive resistance and react by changing the capacitance in proportion to the elastic deformation of the load-bearing element/damper block.
- Fig. 8 shows a view in the upper part and a top view in the lower part of a measuring device according to the invention designed as a damping block 10 in an embodiment in which two groups of interacting surface electrodes 15 are arranged next to each other within the damping block 10 such that one for elastic deformation of partial areas of the load-bearing element proportional electrical variable can be generated. If, for example, the damping block 10 deforms more on its left side in the drawing than on its right side, this is due to different changes in capacitance of the groups of Surface electrons 15 detectable. With such an arrangement, one can, on the one hand, achieve an amplification of the electrical signal in the case of a symmetrical load, or, on the other hand, transverse forces or shearing forces in the damping block and thus in the chassis can also be measured.
- FIG. 9 shows a view in the upper part and a top view in the lower part of a measuring device according to the invention designed as a damping block 10 in an embodiment in which four groups of interacting surface electrodes 15 are arranged next to each other within the damping block 10 in such a way that one for elastic deformation of partial areas of the load-bearing element proportional electrical variable can be generated. If, for example, the damping block 10 deforms more on the upper left side of its drawing than on its lower right side, this can be detected by different changes in capacitance of the groups of surface electrons 15 designed as capacitive resistances.
- This arrangement can also be used to measure transverse forces or shear forces in the damping block and thus in the chassis, which is particularly advantageous when there are several leaf springs on more than one axle.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Vehicle Body Suspensions (AREA)
- Force Measurement Appropriate To Specific Purposes (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE102021117213.6A DE102021117213A1 (de) | 2021-07-05 | 2021-07-05 | Kraftmesseinrichtung |
| PCT/EP2022/068567 WO2023280843A1 (de) | 2021-07-05 | 2022-07-05 | Kraftmesseinrichtung |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP4367486A1 true EP4367486A1 (de) | 2024-05-15 |
Family
ID=82492421
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP22740859.8A Pending EP4367486A1 (de) | 2021-07-05 | 2022-07-05 | Kraftmesseinrichtung |
Country Status (6)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US20240140158A1 (de) |
| EP (1) | EP4367486A1 (de) |
| CN (1) | CN117529639A (de) |
| BR (1) | BR112023027155A2 (de) |
| DE (1) | DE102021117213A1 (de) |
| WO (1) | WO2023280843A1 (de) |
Families Citing this family (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE102023100933A1 (de) * | 2023-01-17 | 2024-07-18 | Zf Cv Systems Europe Bv | Verfahren, Steuergerät und Steuergerätesystem zur Bestimmung einer Masse eines Zugfahrzeuges und/oder eines Anhängers |
| CN116164916B (zh) * | 2023-04-25 | 2023-06-23 | 广州市瑞盈金属结构有限公司 | 一种冲压件自动化检测设备 |
Family Cites Families (12)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3241626A (en) * | 1964-06-29 | 1966-03-22 | Charles R Woodburn | Weight indicating apparatus |
| GB1234083A (de) * | 1968-04-04 | 1971-06-03 | ||
| NL7201684A (de) * | 1971-02-11 | 1972-08-15 | ||
| DE3534211A1 (de) * | 1985-09-25 | 1987-03-26 | Pfister Gmbh | Kraftfahrzeug und verfahren zu dessen betrieb |
| US5265481A (en) * | 1990-12-19 | 1993-11-30 | Kistler Instrumente Ag | Force sensor systems especially for determining dynamically the axle load, speed, wheelbase and gross weight of vehicles |
| US5681998A (en) * | 1992-06-09 | 1997-10-28 | Yazaki Corporation | Load measuring device for a vehicle |
| DE19918679A1 (de) | 1999-04-24 | 2000-10-26 | Juergen Heinz | Masseerfassungssystem für Fahrzeuge |
| US20070006652A1 (en) * | 2005-07-06 | 2007-01-11 | Abnaki Systems, Inc. | Load measuring sensor and method |
| EP2724877B1 (de) * | 2012-10-29 | 2019-03-20 | ContiTech USA, Inc. | Luftfeder mit einer Sensoranordnung |
| WO2015098091A1 (ja) * | 2013-12-25 | 2015-07-02 | 川崎重工業株式会社 | 鉄道車両台車用の荷重計測装置 |
| US20190170567A1 (en) * | 2017-12-01 | 2019-06-06 | Ford Global Technologies, Llc | Methods and apparatus to detect load applied to a vehicle suspension |
| DE102019202763A1 (de) | 2019-01-31 | 2020-08-06 | Continental Automotive Gmbh | Messvorrichtung zu einer fahrzeugeigenen Gewichtsmessung eines Fahrzeugs und Fahrzeug mit einer solchen Messvorrichtung |
-
2021
- 2021-07-05 DE DE102021117213.6A patent/DE102021117213A1/de not_active Withdrawn
-
2022
- 2022-07-05 BR BR112023027155A patent/BR112023027155A2/pt unknown
- 2022-07-05 CN CN202280043864.4A patent/CN117529639A/zh active Pending
- 2022-07-05 WO PCT/EP2022/068567 patent/WO2023280843A1/de not_active Ceased
- 2022-07-05 EP EP22740859.8A patent/EP4367486A1/de active Pending
-
2024
- 2024-01-02 US US18/402,395 patent/US20240140158A1/en active Pending
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| US20240140158A1 (en) | 2024-05-02 |
| WO2023280843A1 (de) | 2023-01-12 |
| CN117529639A (zh) | 2024-02-06 |
| BR112023027155A2 (pt) | 2024-03-12 |
| DE102021117213A1 (de) | 2023-01-05 |
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