EP4360899A1 - Sicherheitselement für identifikationsdokumente, insbesondere identitätsdokumente, und ein dokument mit einem solchen sicherheitselement - Google Patents

Sicherheitselement für identifikationsdokumente, insbesondere identitätsdokumente, und ein dokument mit einem solchen sicherheitselement Download PDF

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Publication number
EP4360899A1
EP4360899A1 EP23206229.9A EP23206229A EP4360899A1 EP 4360899 A1 EP4360899 A1 EP 4360899A1 EP 23206229 A EP23206229 A EP 23206229A EP 4360899 A1 EP4360899 A1 EP 4360899A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
security
security feature
security element
image
images
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
EP23206229.9A
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
Kamil GAWEL
Robert Wojtkowski
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Polska Wytwornia Papierow Wartosciowych SA
Original Assignee
Polska Wytwornia Papierow Wartosciowych SA
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Application filed by Polska Wytwornia Papierow Wartosciowych SA filed Critical Polska Wytwornia Papierow Wartosciowych SA
Publication of EP4360899A1 publication Critical patent/EP4360899A1/de
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B42—BOOKBINDING; ALBUMS; FILES; SPECIAL PRINTED MATTER
    • B42D—BOOKS; BOOK COVERS; LOOSE LEAVES; PRINTED MATTER CHARACTERISED BY IDENTIFICATION OR SECURITY FEATURES; PRINTED MATTER OF SPECIAL FORMAT OR STYLE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; DEVICES FOR USE THEREWITH AND NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; MOVABLE-STRIP WRITING OR READING APPARATUS
    • B42D25/00—Information-bearing cards or sheet-like structures characterised by identification or security features; Manufacture thereof
    • B42D25/20—Information-bearing cards or sheet-like structures characterised by identification or security features; Manufacture thereof characterised by a particular use or purpose
    • B42D25/23—Identity cards
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B42—BOOKBINDING; ALBUMS; FILES; SPECIAL PRINTED MATTER
    • B42D—BOOKS; BOOK COVERS; LOOSE LEAVES; PRINTED MATTER CHARACTERISED BY IDENTIFICATION OR SECURITY FEATURES; PRINTED MATTER OF SPECIAL FORMAT OR STYLE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; DEVICES FOR USE THEREWITH AND NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; MOVABLE-STRIP WRITING OR READING APPARATUS
    • B42D25/00—Information-bearing cards or sheet-like structures characterised by identification or security features; Manufacture thereof
    • B42D25/30—Identification or security features, e.g. for preventing forgery
    • B42D25/309—Photographs
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B42—BOOKBINDING; ALBUMS; FILES; SPECIAL PRINTED MATTER
    • B42D—BOOKS; BOOK COVERS; LOOSE LEAVES; PRINTED MATTER CHARACTERISED BY IDENTIFICATION OR SECURITY FEATURES; PRINTED MATTER OF SPECIAL FORMAT OR STYLE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; DEVICES FOR USE THEREWITH AND NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; MOVABLE-STRIP WRITING OR READING APPARATUS
    • B42D25/00—Information-bearing cards or sheet-like structures characterised by identification or security features; Manufacture thereof
    • B42D25/40—Manufacture
    • B42D25/405—Marking
    • B42D25/41—Marking using electromagnetic radiation
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B41—PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS
    • B41M—PRINTING, DUPLICATING, MARKING, OR COPYING PROCESSES; COLOUR PRINTING
    • B41M5/00—Duplicating or marking methods; Sheet materials for use therein
    • B41M5/26—Thermography ; Marking by high energetic means, e.g. laser otherwise than by burning, and characterised by the material used
    • B41M5/267—Marking of plastic artifacts, e.g. with laser

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a security element for identification documents, in particular identity documents, comprising a hard substrate susceptible to laser marking, a first security feature of the security element applied to the hard substrate by laser marking and a second security feature of the security element applied to the hard substrate by laser marking, the first security feature constituting a document-individualizing, information-bearing textual security feature, and the second security feature constituting a document-individualizing, information-bearing security feature in the form of an image.
  • the present invention also provides an identification document incorporating the security element according to the invention.
  • Secured documents such as securities or identification documents confirming the existence of specific rights, legal relationships, or legal events expressed on specific information media, are currently an indispensable element of life in the developed countries. Their importance is constantly increasing because such documents have many applications, the number of which is systematically growing.
  • identification documents constituting the holder's identity documents
  • identity documents the key role of which in today's society is undisputed, and their universality results from the fact that they are used on daily basis, in various circumstances, in which it is necessary to confirm specific data of the holder using such a document, including, in particular, verification of her/his name and surname, date of birth, image, or even confirmation of her/his access to a specific area or network (security cards, including smart and contactless cards), or possession of certain qualifications, such as, for example, a driving license.
  • identity documents also enable their holders to move freely and conveniently. For example, airplane passengers are required to show an identity document during check-in, security checks or before boarding.
  • identity documents are also used to make various payment transactions, but it should be emphasized that the term identity document also includes documents such as credit cards or bank or debit cards.
  • absolutely specific examples of an identity document of exceptional importance are those that contain specific information such as the data of the document holder, such as an ID card, passport and driving license. Examples of such information that personalizes an identity document include the name of the document holder, home address, date of birth, signature and photograph.
  • the vast majority of the identification documents mentioned above include a polymer substrate, in particular a polycarbonate or polyvinyl chloride substrate, with at least one security marking applied to it.
  • documents such as an ID card, driving license or passport are often equipped with sufficient first-level security features, visible to the naked eye, enabling a quick initial visual verification of the document's authenticity, and with additional second-level security features.
  • more than one security element is generally used, and it is desirable that such elements provide different levels of protection.
  • identity document should be defined broadly to include credit cards, bank cards, phone cards, passports, driving licenses, network access cards, employee ID cards, debit cards, security cards, visas, immigration documentation, national ID cards, citizenship cards, social security cards, security badges, certificates, ID cards or identification documents, voter registration cards, police ID cards, border crossing cards, membership cards, gun permits or badges, etc.
  • identity documents such as driving licenses, ID cards or bank or access cards
  • cards or documents may additionally contain other variable data (i.e. personal data for a specific card or document) and immutable data (i.e. data common to a large number of cards, such as batch numbers, bank numbers, etc.).
  • other elements including those containing hidden information, thus constituting second-level security, such as a photographic image.
  • Such elements can be applied using various techniques, including, but not limited to, printing using technologies such as dye diffusion thermal transfer (D2T2), inkjet printing, thermal transfer, laser xerography, offset printing, gravure printing or indigo printing.
  • D2T2 dye diffusion thermal transfer
  • these printing techniques are not the only ways of applying markings and information to identity document data carriers.
  • laser beams are widely used for this purpose, in particular for marking, writing, bar coding and engraving many hard substrate materials, including plastic substrates. It should be emphasized that laser engraving or marking provides a wide range of possibilities for surface modification, including writing or engraving the document surface with identification marks, characters, text, tactile markings, patterns and photographs.
  • a particularly useful type of security feature are laser-engraved markings on plastic laminates or cards.
  • data is written by, for example, blackening (charring) laminated films that are sensitive and susceptible to laser marking, such as, for example, polyvinyl chloride (PVC) or polycarbonate (PC) films.
  • PVC polyvinyl chloride
  • PC polycarbonate
  • the laser engraving effect can be varied depending on the engraving depth. In the case of flat engraving, blackening is achieved only in the area of a specific layer. Another option is relief laser engraving for tactile markings.
  • Such marking is generally performed using one of the harmonics of the Nd:YAG laser (1064 nm, 532 nm or 355 nm).
  • Lasers used industrially for this application are sources powered axially by diodes. In combination with galvanometric mirrors, they can be used to apply a number of information: for example, images, in particular photographs, can be applied using such a laser. Typically, such photographs are engraved on laser-markable plastic substrates in grayscale, at resolutions ranging from 300 to 900 dpi (dots per inch). Laser engraving can also be successfully used to apply textual information, and such text may or may not be engraved with tactile writing. Typically, in such a process, the laser power used for nanosecond pulses is approximately 0.1 J/cm 2 .
  • the image of the holder of an identification document, laser-applied to a hard polymer substrate can be modified by adding elements such as a beard, mustache, more abundant hair, or by modifying cheeks or ears. Modification of images, including photographs or characters, therefore seems simple to achieve on identification documents, such as laser-engraved cards on a polymer substrate, in particular identity documents such as ID cards.
  • security elements can be obtained on a polymer substrate using several different methods or even a combination of different methods, including engraving or laser marking, selected depending on the specific polymer substrate used, including, in particular, the presence and the type of additives present in the polymer substrate, for example colored pigments, or the characteristics of the laser used to apply the security element.
  • the security features achieved by these methods may take the form of various markings, including light, dark or colored markings.
  • polymer substrates that are not per se susceptible to carbonization or have low tendency to carbonization, such as, for example, polyolefin and high-density polyethylene (HDPE) substrates
  • clear markings can be obtained as a result of the foaming of the resin occurring under the influence of heat generated by the laser energy.
  • Other polymers such as polycarbonate (PC), ABS or polystyrene, have a much greater tendency to carbonize than to foam, and therefore security elements applied by laser engraving or marking take the form of dark markings.
  • both textual and graphic markings aimed at personalizing documents can be obtained.
  • the substrate may be provided with a graphic such as that corresponding to the image of the document holder.
  • the most frequently used method for this purpose is laser engraving.
  • the images produced by treating the photosensitive material with laser light may be color images or grayscale images.
  • the graphics to be placed on the substrate must first be subjected to an image rasterization process leading to its transformation into a system of raster dots.
  • an image which is to be a graphic security element
  • applying an image is carried out using single laser pulses or a sequence of laser pulses, where a single laser pulse or a single sequence of pulses corresponds to a single pixel.
  • Laser marking manifests itself in a change in the coloring of the substrate susceptible to marking, usually in the blackening of the substrate in the area exposed to the laser pulse.
  • the generated coloring intensity in the case of a pigment-containing substrate, or the gray scale coloring intensity, in the case of a carbonizable substrate, depends on the energy of the pulse or sequence of laser pulses. This method can be used to obtain numerous, even very complex, monotone or multi-color graphics and can be successfully used, as for example in the case of the present invention, to apply security elements to a hard polymer substrate susceptible to laser marking.
  • a document is known with a security feature on a polycarbonate base, which security feature is a marking produced using a laser, for example using a green laser with a beam length of 532 nm.
  • markings consist of many pixels.
  • the carbon particles of the polycarbonate substrate undergo a reaction under the influence of the laser, resulting in the formation of black pixels in places exposed to the laser pulses.
  • the size and shape of the resulting pixels may change.
  • US 2009/0127844 A1 discloses a security element for securities, security documents and the like, comprising a laser markable transparent or translucent layer in which, through the action of laser radiation, identifiers visually perceptible to the naked eye are introduced in the form of both images as well as patterns, letters and/or numbers.
  • Multicolor Dithering Yet another method referred to as “Multicolor Dithering” was disclosed in an article by: V. Ostromoukhov, R.D. Hersch, “Multi-Color and Artistic Dithering", Siggraph'99, Computer Graphics Proceedings, Annual Conference Series, 1999, pp. 425-432 .
  • This method allows obtaining colored images on a hard surface containing, as dots visualized on the screen, where the image is displayed before being applied, a fine microstructure enabling the reproduction of various shapes, such as signs, logos and symbols, and therefore can significantly prevent counterfeiting.
  • the disadvantage of this method is the need to engage significant IT skills in building 3D functions, discretizing them, renumbering the obtained dithering values and applying the balancing process to them.
  • the images obtained with this method do not contain additional information that individualizes the document provided with such an image.
  • the aim of the present invention is to provide a document, in particular an identity document, with a security element, which security element is easy to obtain, unambiguously identifies the document holder by introducing data that individualizes the document holder and/or the rights resulting from possessing the document, and at the same time such a security element is inexpensive, which in turn allows to reduce the costs of producing the document bearing it, allows to verify the authenticity of the document without the use of electronic devices, while significantly hindering the forgery of the document bearing it.
  • the present inventors have surprisingly found that it is possible to obtain a protected document, especially an identity document, containing a security element including both graphical and textual security features, which security features can be obtained by the same, widely known and relatively cheap method of laser modification of the markable document substrate material.
  • the graphic security element corresponds to the image of the document holder, which is a reproduction of the image (photograph) of the document holder on a hard polymer substrate.
  • the graphic security feature of the security element is an image at the microstructure level that is nevertheless easily readable by the naked eye.
  • the image at the microstructure level can only be read using assistive devices such as loupes or magnifying glasses. Due to the proposed method of simultaneous application of graphic and textual security features of the security element, carried out using laser marking or engraving, this method does not require significant efforts of graphic designers to create both the microstructure itself and the textual security features carrying information and their matching. This method enables the creation of text graphic elements on a hard surface containing, as dots forming the text, a fine microstructure constituting an image, especially corresponding to the image of the holder of the document, which document is to be provided with such a security element.
  • graphic images of the microstructure form a matrix in which laser discoloration, in particular in the case of substrates without pigments that undergo carbonization, darkens only those images, constituting dots in the matrix, that create a textual, globally perceptible security feature of the security element, while the remaining images remain not discolored, creating bright spots in the matrix that constitute the background for the textual security feature.
  • the constituent dots of the image textual element constitute a positive security feature
  • the remaining dots of the matrix constitute a negative security feature.
  • the solution according to the present invention includes at least two security features, one of which is a textual security feature and the other includes an image (graphic element), where both the textual security feature and graphic security feature carry information that individualizes the document, both are applied simultaneously to the document by engraving or laser marking, and where the textual security feature is composed of microstructure-containing images that can be efficiently and simply generated.
  • Another object of the present invention is to provide a security feature that will be difficult to forge while maintaining the readability of the document bearing such a security feature and the consistency of the data contained in the document.
  • the present inventors have surprisingly found that a security feature providing high level of security can be obtained in a cheap and simple manner by applying a complex security element using a commonly available laser engraving and/or marking technique.
  • the invention therefore relates to a security element for identification documents containing a hard substrate susceptible to laser marking, in particular identity documents, comprising:
  • the image is an image corresponding to an image of the holder of the identification document, preferably a photograph of the holder of the identification document.
  • the second security feature is only visible to the armed eye, preferably through a magnifying device such as a loupe or a magnifying glass.
  • the hard substrate susceptible to laser marking is a polymer substrate, preferably a PC or PVC substrate.
  • the images constituting the second security feature consist of many pixels, perceived as areas of changed coloring relative to the coloring of the substrate, which are formed in places exposed to laser pulses during laser engraving or marking, and whose size, shape and color saturation are dependent on the number of laser pulses used when engraving or laser marking process.
  • the change in coloring of image pixels corresponding to dots perceptible to the naked eye, constituting a textual security element perceptible to the naked eye is a change in hue and coloring intensity obtained as a result of activation during laser marking of pigments present in the substrate susceptible to laser marking, the pixels colored with respect to the substrate colors corresponding to the laser-processed areas.
  • the change in coloring of image pixels corresponding to dots perceptible to the naked eye, constituting a textual security element perceptible to the naked eye is a change in coloring and its intensity on a gray scale obtained as a result of carbonization of the substrate occurring during laser marking, the darkened/gray pixels corresponding to the laser-processed areas.
  • an array including a plurality of the same images with a hue changed in relation to the hue of the substrate, comprising the second security feature forms a matrix in which the first security feature is formed by additionally changing the coloring of the images constituting the first security feature relative to the remaining images constituting the matrix, wherein the matrix images with a color changed in relation to the remaining matrix images correspond to the dots perceptible to the naked eye forming a globally perceptible textual security element constituting the first security feature.
  • the matrix includes images constituting a positive image and a negative image, preferably the positive image being images of significantly increased color intensity, preferably in gray scale, which images correspond to the dots forming the security text element perceptible to the naked eye constituting the first security feature, and the negative image being images with significantly reduced color intensity, especially in gray scale, which images correspond to the bright dots of the matrix creating a light background for the textual security element perceptible to the naked eye.
  • the positive image being images of significantly increased color intensity, preferably in gray scale, which images correspond to the dots forming the security text element perceptible to the naked eye constituting the first security feature
  • the negative image being images with significantly reduced color intensity, especially in gray scale, which images correspond to the bright dots of the matrix creating a light background for the textual security element perceptible to the naked eye.
  • the image resolution of the second security feature is at least 700 dpi, preferably at least 900 dpi.
  • spacing of individual pixels in the image is at most 35 ⁇ m, preferably at most 30 ⁇ m, more preferably at most 20 ⁇ m, even more preferably at most 3 ⁇ m, and most preferably at most 1 ⁇ m.
  • the image resolution of the second security feature is at least 700 dpi and the distance of individual pixels in the image is from 10 ⁇ m to 35 ⁇ m, preferably the image resolution of the second security feature is at least 900 dpi and the distance of individual pixels in the image is from 3 ⁇ m to 30 ⁇ m.
  • the first security feature is formed by an array of images constituting the second security feature, including at least 5 rows of the same images constituting the second security feature, preferably by 5 to 8 rows of the same images constituting the second security feature.
  • row in this description refers to a horizontal arrangement of elements located in one line (one row), i.e. a line formed by elements adjacent to each other directly (in close proximity) or indirectly horizontally, and the horizontal direction is considered to be the direction defined by the direction of extending the first security feature, in particular the direction of the text which constitutes the textual security element of the first security feature.
  • column in turn, means a vertical arrangement of elements located in one line, i.e.
  • the matrix formed by the elements of the first security feature may have dimensions of 5-8 rows and 20 or more columns, for example 5-8 rows and 20-30 columns, etc.
  • the height of the first security feature is at least 1.0 mm and not greater than 5.0 mm, more preferably in the range of 1.0-2.4 mm, most preferably in the range of 1.5-2,2 mm.
  • the image height of the second security feature is 200 ⁇ m or more, preferably 200-300 ⁇ m.
  • the security element according to the invention comprises an additional security feature selected from offset security features, such as offset underprinting.
  • the invention also relates to an identification document containing a hard surface susceptible to laser marking and at least one security element according to the invention.
  • this document is an identity document, especially an ID card or driving license.
  • the terms "light” and “radiation” may be used interchangeably and mean a stream of particles emitted, for example, by a laser.
  • the terms "hue”, “coloring” and “color” are used interchangeably with respect to the security element of the invention to denote various lengths of reflected light perceived by an observer.
  • the grayscale colors of the monochrome mode in the bitmap describing the applied mark include, in addition to the extreme colors of black and white, a whole range of intermediate colors (grays) with varying levels of brightness and intensity.
  • intermediate colors differing in brightness are assumed to constitute different colors.
  • the term "intensity” refers to a different degree of saturation of the same or different hue. To sum up, with regard to the phenomenon of perceiving intensity change, it should be assumed that two pixels differ in color intensity because light is emitted or absorbed with different intensity.
  • the term “hard substrate”, “hard surface”, etc. refers to any substrate/surface having limited susceptibility to deformation and therefore increased stiffness and strength.
  • the term “hard polymer substrate” should be interpreted broadly.
  • the hard polymer substrate may be any single-layer substrate as well as a multi-layer laminate.
  • the substrate may be either a prefabricated element for the production of the target product, or for example a single layer of a polymer substrate which, after marking, provides a protected polymer substrate for further use, including introduction into a multilayer system, in particular a permanently connected multilayer substrate.
  • the substrate may also be an end product, such as an identification document containing at least one mark intended to convey information, such as, for example, an ID card or driving license.
  • a substrate susceptible to laser marking may be any substrate known in the art that is capable of being laser engraved/marked, preferably the one that can be marked with a laser without damaging or otherwise adversely affecting the substrate.
  • an "image” or “marking” it is generally understood to mean any visually and/or machine-readable graphic pattern, often constituting specific information, that is capable of being encompassed by an observer in a normal, single cognitive act.
  • such patterns may be simple abstract motifs, such as geometric patterns, their combinations, or realistic motifs, such as images constituting landscape, plant or animal motifs, and especially images corresponding to the image of the holder of the identification document, such as corresponding to a photograph (picture) of the holder of the identification document.
  • Realistic motifs can also be images of coats of arms, buildings, flags.
  • Abstract motifs also include any other graphically presentable markings, in particular those that constitute specific patterns, signs, logos, including registered and unregistered trademarks.
  • images or markings within the security element can be laser engraved in any shape.
  • a feature or marking is perceptible to the naked eye when it is not necessary to use any additional devices, in particular optical devices such as, for example, a microscope, loupe or magnifying glass.
  • a positive image is an image with the same luminance and/or colors (in the case of a color image) as the object depicted in the mirrored photograph/in the photograph, in particular the image of the document holder
  • a negative image is an image with inverted luminance and/or colors (in the case of a color image) in relation to the original appearance of the object, in particular the image of the document holder.
  • the tests carried out used PC cards in ID card structures, both with and without offset underprinting, and cards made only of transparent films, susceptible to engraving and/or laser marking. Marking was performed with lasers installed in a color laser personalization device using an infrared 1064 nm TykmaElectrox Vereo 20W laser and a green 532 nm Coherent Matrix 532-7-30 laser.
  • raster graphics were prepared consisting of images that were microphotographs, i.e. images corresponding to the image of the holder of the identification document - his or her photographs, adjusted to create the appropriate inscription, thus obtaining the source image.
  • a set of input data defining the desired image in the form of a two-dimensional array of pixels was determined preferably by means of a computer configured to design graphic images, and then such defined input data was transformed, also preferably by a computer configured to perform such transformation, into a coded graphic file constituting the recorded source image, being a bitmap describing the applied marking.
  • FIG. 1 An exemplary security element obtained in accordance with the invention is shown in Fig. 1 , which shows an information-bearing textual security feature, in which the individual dots creating such a textual security feature are microphotographs of the holder of the protected document with a color changed in relation to the color of the hard PC surface on which they are applied.
  • the textual security feature includes vertically 6 images with a vertical height of 5 mm. The height of individual characters in textual security is 800 ⁇ m.
  • Fig. 2 shows a similar implementation variant of the present invention, except that the textual security feature was obtained by applying on the substrate evenly spaced microphotographs, creating a matrix of 13 rows and 24 columns formed by an array of microphotographs corresponding to individual dots of the matrix.
  • the matrix includes 13 dots vertically, each of which corresponds to one microphotograph, and 24 dots horizontally, each of which corresponds to one microphotograph.
  • a textual security feature was applied, which is the first security feature of the security element, and consists of microphotographs with darker shades of gray compared to the remaining microphotographs that do not create textual security feature with light shades of gray.
  • the text protection includes 5 dots vertically, corresponding to 5 microphotographs, each of which is 800 ⁇ m high.
  • the height of the textual security feature is 5 mm.
  • the textual security feature corresponds to a positive image created by images with significantly increased color intensity
  • the remaining dots of the matrix are negative images with significantly reduced color intensity not only in relation to positive images, but also in relation to the coloring of the substrate, on which the security element is applied, creating a clear background for the textual security element perceptible to the naked eye.
  • the textual security feature should cover 5 or more dots vertically, which corresponded to 5 or more microphotographs in practical implementations of the present invention. Also it was found that with a larger number of images adjacent to each other vertically and constituting textual security feature dots, especially microphotographs, the unambiguity and global perception of the security element is disturbed, or its readability is significantly reduced. This is due to the fact that either the applied text constituting textual security feature must be higher, which limits the usefulness of such a security element, or the photos must be additionally reduced, which in turn significantly affects their readability.
  • the photographs are legible under magnification, for example the one obtained with the use of a loupe or magnifying glass (e.g. 2-6x, in particular 3.5x or more), and the number of dots in the vertical allows to easily obtain textual security feature covering any characters, including letters and numbers.
  • a loupe or magnifying glass e.g. 2-6x, in particular 3.5x or more
  • the total height of the textual security feature obtained using microphotographs as dots constituting the text is comparable to the standard height of the textual security feature used in document personalization, and ranges from 1.0 to 2.4 mm, ranging from 1. 5 to 2.2 mm in particularly preferred embodiments.
  • Fig. 3 shows the security elements obtained in accordance with the invention, in which the dots forming the textual security feature were microphotographs having the height of a) 1.2 mm and b) 0.8 mm, respectively.
  • the textual security feature with the height of less than 1.00 mm is much less clear, and the images constituting such textual security features, microphotographs of the document holder in this case, are devoid of many important details.
  • Fig. 4 shows a comparison of microphotographs of different heights: a) 2 mm, b) 1 mm and c) 0.8 mm, illustrating the impact of reducing the laser spot on maintaining the readability of the image with a lower height, which allows for providing textual security feature created from microphotographs of sizes of 1 mm and less.
  • the security element according to the invention particularly advantageous protection can be obtained by introducing the security element containing, as a first security feature, a textual security feature formed by dots, which are images constituting a second security feature, which images correspond to the image of the document holder, containing additionally, as one of the individualizing elements, the same image of the document holder that is used in the second security feature, with the difference that while in the second security feature such an image is a microphotograph, that additional security element is a reflection of the image of the document holder in a normal, commonly macro scale used in identity documents.
  • a textual security feature formed by dots which are images constituting a second security feature, which images correspond to the image of the document holder
  • the document shown contains, in addition to a photograph in a macro scale of the document holder, a security element according to the invention, wherein the textual security is a number that individualizes the document ("KA051") formed by dots corresponding to a microphotograph of the document holder, which is identical to a photograph placed on a document that can be perceived globally, on a macro scale, and whose specific details, such as the outline of the eyes, facial features, etc. do not require the use of any additional devices for their recognition.
  • the security element according to the invention can be applied to a bare as well as previously protected substrate, in particular to areas already containing security elements such as, for example, offset underprinting.
  • the array of dots of the first security feature which is the textual security feature
  • the array of dots of the first security feature is formed by images corresponding to the image of the holder of the document for which the security element is intended, positioned in the same direction, the horizontally adjacent images not being vertically shifted relative to each other.
  • the axes of symmetry of each image vertical and horizontal
  • adjacent images are placed relative to each other so that the intersections of the axes of symmetry of adjacent images define a substantially parallel line (deviation by ⁇ 3), preferably parallel to the straight line defined by the lowest vertical pixels of the images constituting the textual security feature.
  • horizontally adjacent images are offset from each other only with respect to the horizontal axis of the first security feature.
  • the array of dots of the first security feature which is a textual security feature
  • the array of dots of the first security feature is formed by images corresponding to the image of the holder of the document for which the security element is intended, positioned in the same direction, with the horizontally adjacent images being shifted relative to each other vertically.
  • the axes of symmetry of each image (vertical and horizontal) are parallel to each other, and in such specific embodiments, adjacent images are placed relative to each other so that the intersections of the axes of symmetry of adjacent images determine a straight line inclined preferably by an acute angle, especially preferably by an angle from 15 to 30, relative to the straight line defined by the lowest vertical pixels of the images constituting the textual security feature.
  • horizontally adjacent images are offset from each other not only with respect to the horizontal axis of the first security feature, but also with respect to the vertical axis of the first security feature.
  • individual images were additionally rotated by an appropriate angle.
  • the rotation angle of each consecutive image constituting the first security feature may be the same.
  • the rotation angle of each consecutive image constituting the first security feature may be different.
  • a security element carrying individualizing information can be obtained in a simple and inexpensive way using a commonly available laser engraving and/or marking method by employing infrared and green lasers.
  • document personalization can be easily ensured by personalizing the introduced textual security feature consisting of an array of microphotographs of the document holder.
  • the microphotograph is clearer when using a high image resolution and a small laser spot diameter.
  • the security feature obtained with standard parameters is also legible.
  • the security element comprises a matrix of images formed by the second security feature, in particular a matrix in which the images constituting the dots forming the textual security feature are positive images and all the remaining images of the matrix are negative images.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Toxicology (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Image Input (AREA)
  • Credit Cards Or The Like (AREA)
EP23206229.9A 2022-10-26 2023-10-26 Sicherheitselement für identifikationsdokumente, insbesondere identitätsdokumente, und ein dokument mit einem solchen sicherheitselement Pending EP4360899A1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

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PL442654A PL442654A1 (pl) 2022-10-26 2022-10-26 Element zabezpieczający do dokumentów identyfikacyjnych, w szczególności dokumentów tożsamości, oraz dokument zawierający taki element zabezpieczający

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EP4360899A1 true EP4360899A1 (de) 2024-05-01

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Citations (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4234214A (en) 1977-08-22 1980-11-18 Governor & Company Of The Bank Of England Document carrying a legible code, and method and apparatus for producing same
US6198545B1 (en) 1994-03-30 2001-03-06 Victor Ostromoukhov Method and apparatus for generating halftone images by evolutionary screen dot contours
WO2001059745A1 (de) * 2000-02-12 2001-08-16 Schreiner Gmbh & Co. Kg Mit einem laserstrahl beschriftetes etikett, sowie verfahren und vorrichtung zu seiner herstellung
US20090127844A1 (en) 2006-05-10 2009-05-21 Giesecke & Devrient Gmbh Security Element Having a Laser Marking
US7789311B2 (en) 2003-04-16 2010-09-07 L-1 Secure Credentialing, Inc. Three dimensional data storage
EP2740608A1 (de) * 2012-12-10 2014-06-11 Gemalto SA Sichere Lasermarkierungspersonalisierung
EP2851207B1 (de) 2013-07-25 2015-12-30 Oberthur Technologies Personalisierung von Dokumenten
US20160096392A1 (en) * 2014-10-07 2016-04-07 Morphotrust Usa, Llc System and Method for Laser Writing
PL2094505T5 (pl) 2006-12-21 2018-02-28 Gemalto Sa Zabezpieczony dokument identyfikacyjny i sposób zabezpieczenia takiego dokumentu
US20210331505A1 (en) * 2018-09-07 2021-10-28 Canadian Bank Note Company, Limited Security device for security documents

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JP5699313B2 (ja) * 2010-08-09 2015-04-08 大日本印刷株式会社 発光媒体
EP3034318A1 (de) * 2014-12-18 2016-06-22 Gemalto SA Personalisierung von physischen Medien mittels selektiver Aufdeckung und Verdeckung von vorgedruckten Farbpixeln
NL2017793B1 (en) * 2016-11-15 2018-06-01 Morpho Bv Security document with positive and negative authentication tilt images
CN109249716B (zh) * 2018-09-05 2020-09-15 深圳市裕同包装科技股份有限公司 一种微透镜真彩色3d印刷图像的处理方法

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
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US4234214A (en) 1977-08-22 1980-11-18 Governor & Company Of The Bank Of England Document carrying a legible code, and method and apparatus for producing same
US6198545B1 (en) 1994-03-30 2001-03-06 Victor Ostromoukhov Method and apparatus for generating halftone images by evolutionary screen dot contours
WO2001059745A1 (de) * 2000-02-12 2001-08-16 Schreiner Gmbh & Co. Kg Mit einem laserstrahl beschriftetes etikett, sowie verfahren und vorrichtung zu seiner herstellung
US7789311B2 (en) 2003-04-16 2010-09-07 L-1 Secure Credentialing, Inc. Three dimensional data storage
US20090127844A1 (en) 2006-05-10 2009-05-21 Giesecke & Devrient Gmbh Security Element Having a Laser Marking
PL2094505T5 (pl) 2006-12-21 2018-02-28 Gemalto Sa Zabezpieczony dokument identyfikacyjny i sposób zabezpieczenia takiego dokumentu
EP2740608A1 (de) * 2012-12-10 2014-06-11 Gemalto SA Sichere Lasermarkierungspersonalisierung
EP2851207B1 (de) 2013-07-25 2015-12-30 Oberthur Technologies Personalisierung von Dokumenten
US20160096392A1 (en) * 2014-10-07 2016-04-07 Morphotrust Usa, Llc System and Method for Laser Writing
US20210331505A1 (en) * 2018-09-07 2021-10-28 Canadian Bank Note Company, Limited Security device for security documents

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V. OSTROMOUKHOVR.D. HERSCH: "Multi-Color and Artistic Dithering", SIGGRAPH'99, COMPUTER GRAPHICS PROCEEDINGS, ANNUAL CONFERENCE SERIES, 1999, pages 425 - 432
V. OSTROMOUKHOVR.D.HERSCH: "Artistic Design", SIGGRAPH95, COMPUTER GRAPHICS PROCEEDINGS, ANNUAL CONFERENCE SERIES, 1995, pages 219 - 228

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