EP4357558B1 - Verstärktes mauerwerk und verfahren zur herstellung eines solchen mauerwerks - Google Patents

Verstärktes mauerwerk und verfahren zur herstellung eines solchen mauerwerks Download PDF

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Publication number
EP4357558B1
EP4357558B1 EP23204732.4A EP23204732A EP4357558B1 EP 4357558 B1 EP4357558 B1 EP 4357558B1 EP 23204732 A EP23204732 A EP 23204732A EP 4357558 B1 EP4357558 B1 EP 4357558B1
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Prior art keywords
masonry
wall panel
fixing
fabric
hollow
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EP23204732.4A
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP4357558A1 (de
EP4357558C0 (de
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Marco SAVOIA
Maurizio TRIZZINO
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St Consulting Srl
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St Consulting Srl
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Priority to HRP20250521TT priority Critical patent/HRP20250521T1/hr
Priority to RS20250383A priority patent/RS66741B1/sr
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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
    • E04C2/00—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels
    • E04C2/02—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials
    • E04C2/04—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials of concrete or other stone-like material; of asbestos cement; of cement and other mineral fibres
    • E04C2/06—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials of concrete or other stone-like material; of asbestos cement; of cement and other mineral fibres reinforced
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B2/00—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls
    • E04B2/02—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls built-up from layers of building elements
    • E04B2/14—Walls having cavities in, but not between, the elements, i.e. each cavity being enclosed by at least four sides forming part of one single element
    • E04B2/16—Walls having cavities in, but not between, the elements, i.e. each cavity being enclosed by at least four sides forming part of one single element using elements having specially-designed means for stabilising the position
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B2/00—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls
    • E04B2/02—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls built-up from layers of building elements
    • E04B2/14—Walls having cavities in, but not between, the elements, i.e. each cavity being enclosed by at least four sides forming part of one single element
    • E04B2/16—Walls having cavities in, but not between, the elements, i.e. each cavity being enclosed by at least four sides forming part of one single element using elements having specially-designed means for stabilising the position
    • E04B2/20—Walls having cavities in, but not between, the elements, i.e. each cavity being enclosed by at least four sides forming part of one single element using elements having specially-designed means for stabilising the position by filling material with or without reinforcements in small channels in, or in grooves between, the elements
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B2/00—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls
    • E04B2/02—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls built-up from layers of building elements
    • E04B2/14—Walls having cavities in, but not between, the elements, i.e. each cavity being enclosed by at least four sides forming part of one single element
    • E04B2/26—Walls having cavities in, but not between, the elements, i.e. each cavity being enclosed by at least four sides forming part of one single element the walls being characterised by fillings in all cavities in order to form a wall construction
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
    • E04C2/00—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels
    • E04C2/02—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials
    • E04C2/04—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials of concrete or other stone-like material; of asbestos cement; of cement and other mineral fibres
    • E04C2/041—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials of concrete or other stone-like material; of asbestos cement; of cement and other mineral fibres composed of a number of smaller elements, e.g. bricks, also combined with a slab of hardenable material
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
    • E04C5/00—Reinforcing elements, e.g. for concrete; Auxiliary elements therefor
    • E04C5/07—Reinforcing elements of material other than metal, e.g. of glass, of plastics, or not exclusively made of metal
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
    • E04C5/00—Reinforcing elements, e.g. for concrete; Auxiliary elements therefor
    • E04C5/07—Reinforcing elements of material other than metal, e.g. of glass, of plastics, or not exclusively made of metal
    • E04C5/073—Discrete reinforcing elements, e.g. fibres
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04G—SCAFFOLDING; FORMS; SHUTTERING; BUILDING IMPLEMENTS OR AIDS, OR THEIR USE; HANDLING BUILDING MATERIALS ON THE SITE; REPAIRING, BREAKING-UP OR OTHER WORK ON EXISTING BUILDINGS
    • E04G23/00—Working measures on existing buildings
    • E04G23/02—Repairing, e.g. filling cracks; Restoring; Altering; Enlarging
    • E04G23/0203—Arrangements for filling cracks or cavities in building constructions
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04G—SCAFFOLDING; FORMS; SHUTTERING; BUILDING IMPLEMENTS OR AIDS, OR THEIR USE; HANDLING BUILDING MATERIALS ON THE SITE; REPAIRING, BREAKING-UP OR OTHER WORK ON EXISTING BUILDINGS
    • E04G23/00—Working measures on existing buildings
    • E04G23/02—Repairing, e.g. filling cracks; Restoring; Altering; Enlarging
    • E04G23/0218—Increasing or restoring the load-bearing capacity of building construction elements
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04G—SCAFFOLDING; FORMS; SHUTTERING; BUILDING IMPLEMENTS OR AIDS, OR THEIR USE; HANDLING BUILDING MATERIALS ON THE SITE; REPAIRING, BREAKING-UP OR OTHER WORK ON EXISTING BUILDINGS
    • E04G23/00—Working measures on existing buildings
    • E04G23/02—Repairing, e.g. filling cracks; Restoring; Altering; Enlarging
    • E04G23/0218—Increasing or restoring the load-bearing capacity of building construction elements
    • E04G23/0229—Increasing or restoring the load-bearing capacity of building construction elements of foundations or foundation walls
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04H—BUILDINGS OR LIKE STRUCTURES FOR PARTICULAR PURPOSES; SWIMMING OR SPLASH BATHS OR POOLS; MASTS; FENCING; TENTS OR CANOPIES, IN GENERAL
    • E04H9/00—Buildings, groups of buildings or shelters adapted to withstand or provide protection against abnormal external influences, e.g. war-like action, earthquake or extreme climate
    • E04H9/02—Buildings, groups of buildings or shelters adapted to withstand or provide protection against abnormal external influences, e.g. war-like action, earthquake or extreme climate withstanding earthquake or sinking of ground
    • E04H9/027—Preventive constructional measures against earthquake damage in existing buildings
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04G—SCAFFOLDING; FORMS; SHUTTERING; BUILDING IMPLEMENTS OR AIDS, OR THEIR USE; HANDLING BUILDING MATERIALS ON THE SITE; REPAIRING, BREAKING-UP OR OTHER WORK ON EXISTING BUILDINGS
    • E04G23/00—Working measures on existing buildings
    • E04G23/02—Repairing, e.g. filling cracks; Restoring; Altering; Enlarging
    • E04G23/0218—Increasing or restoring the load-bearing capacity of building construction elements
    • E04G2023/0251—Increasing or restoring the load-bearing capacity of building construction elements by using fiber reinforced plastic elements

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the field of construction concerning the improvement of earthquake resistance and/or the reinforcement of buildings with a load-bearing structure made of bricks or of reinforced concrete with bricks infill walls, and in particular it relates to a reinforced masonry and a method for carrying out such masonry.
  • Further object is to propose a reinforced masonry whose final strength characteristics can be predetermined and obtained in a way that can be modulated according to needs and contingencies, within an overall seismic improvement project.
  • Another object is to propose a method for carrying out the reinforcement of the masonry which allow the use of the building even during the implementation of such method.
  • Another obejct of the present invention is to improve, compared with known techniques, by as much as 2-3 times the resistance to horizontal actions of masonry panels without increasing the thickness of the masonry itself.
  • the reinforcement can also allow an improvement in the seismic performance of the building by operating only from the outside of the building and/or in the common parts, with obvious advantages from the point of view of reduced invasiveness of the interventions.
  • numeral 1 indicates the reinforced masonry of the present invention comprising at least one masonry panel M, for example, consisting of a wall or portion of a wall made of solid or hollow bricks or other bricks of a building used for dwelling or industrial purposes or a retaining wall or consisting of an infill wall of a frame structure with reinforced concrete columns and beams, where such wall panel has at least one accessible face F, e.g. and preferably an exterior face of the masonry and an interior face thereof.
  • Such a face is usually flat and vertical but may be curved or slightly inclined.
  • the masonry may be without, or comprise one or more, floor curb elements C located at the height of the floors, and/or roofing and/or foundation.
  • the masonry may be without curb elements when it consists of enclosure or retaining walls.
  • the tests and trials conducted have shown excellent behaviour and strength of the work described above, which, to achieve further improvement, may additionally include at least a second reinforcing element 11, each attached to a respective curb element C and to the portions of the wall panel M or wall panels M adjacent to said curb element C, e.g., the upper and lower panels to the curb itself.
  • An intermediate horizontal portion or lower edge of the wall panel M may also include a corresponding second reinforcing element 11 attached to the respective visible face F.
  • the method also provides removing, prior to the fixing of the first 9 and second 11 reinforcing elements, any plaster or other coatings of the portions of wall panels M assigned for said fixing.
  • the coatings, whether of plaster, tiles, slabs, panels, or the like may eventually be applied or restored upon completion of the other steps of the method.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
  • Emergency Management (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Working Measures On Existing Buildindgs (AREA)
  • Finishing Walls (AREA)
  • Retaining Walls (AREA)

Claims (7)

  1. Verstärktes Mauerwerk umfassend mindestens ein Wandpaneel (M) mit mindestens einer zugänglichen Flache (F) fast vertikal und angrenzend an einen Satz entsprechender fast horizontaler Einfasselemente (C), wobei jede davon dem mindestens einen Wandpaneel (M) zugeordnet ist; wobei das verstärkte Mauerwerk (1) eine Vielzahl von Stangenelementen (3) umfasst, die einzeln oder in Bündeln und mittels Befestigungsmaterial (5) in entsprechenden hohlen Aufnahmen (7) befestigt sind, die fast vertikal und voneinander beabstandet zumindest in der zugänglichen Fläche (F) des mindestens einen Wandpaneels (M) vorgenommen sind, wobei jedes Stangenelement (3) oder entsprechende Segment aus einem Verbundmaterial hergestellt ist, das Kohlenstoff- und/oder Glasfasern oder andere mineralische oder organische Fasern umfasst, die in einer Epoxy- oder Polyurethanharzmatrix oder in Haftmörtel oder dergleichen eingebettet sind, wobei die Oberfläche jedes Stangenelements (3) versehen ist mit Greifmitteln, die aus mindestens einer haftenden Sandbeschichtung oder einem anderen rauen Material bestehen, mit Hohlräumen, mit querlaufenden Einkerbungen oder Vorsprüngen oder dergleichen, oder es ist nicht damit versehen, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das verstärkte Mauerwerk (1) für jede hohle Aufnahme oder Gruppe hohler Aufnahmen (7) ein erstes Verstärkungselement (9) umfasst, das an Bereiche der mindestens einen zugänglichen Fläche (F) des Wandpaneels (M) befestigt ist, die sich angrenzend an den länglichen Verlauf der hohlen Aufnahme oder Gruppe hohler Aufnahmen (7) befinden, und die Bereiche wieder miteinander verbindet, die durch die hohle Aufnahme separiert sind; und dadurch, dass das verstärkte Mauerwerk (1) weiterhin zumindest für ein Einfasselement (C) ein zweites Verstärkungselement (11) aufweist, das mit dem Einfasselement (C) und/oder mit den Bereichen des Wandpaneels (M) oder den daran (C) angrenzenden Wandpaneelen (M) befestigt ist, und/oder dadurch, dass es mindestens ein zweites Verstärkungselement (11) umfasst, das an mindestens einem horizontalen Bereich des Rands des Wandpaneels (M) befestigt ist; wobei jedes erste Verstärkungselement (9) aus einem Gewebe der quadriaxialen Art hergestellt ist und jedes zweite Verstärkungselement (11) ist aus einem Gewebe der unidirektionalen oder bidirektionalen Art hergestellt oder ist eine Platte, wobei derartige Gewebe oder Platte aus Kohlenstoff- und/oder Glasfasern und/oder anderen mineralischen oder organischen Fasern sind und in eine harzartige Matrix des entsprechenden ersten (9) und zweiten (11) Verstärkungselement eingebettet sind, und an dem Mauerwerk (1) haften, das diese Verstärkungselemente (9, 11) an dem Mauerwerk selbst befestigt; wobei das Befestigungsmaterial (5) aus mindestens einem hochfesten Mörtel und Bauklebern besteht, was auch inerte Materialien und/oder verstärkende Fasern umfasst.
  2. Mauerwerk gemäß Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass sich die Stangenelemente (3), die mittels des Befestigungsmaterials (5) in ihren entsprechenden hohlen Aufnahmen (7) befestigt sind, sich beginnend bei der Basis oder dem Fundament des mindestens einen Wandpaneels (M) bis zu einem oder mehr entsprechender Höhen erstrecken, die niedriger sind als die Höhe ihrer entsprechenden Wandpaneele (M), oder mindestens eine Teilmenge dieser Stangenelemente (3) erstreckt sich über die gesamte Höhe ihrer entsprechenden Wandpaneele (M) oder des gesamten Mauerwerks (1).
  3. Mauerwerk gemäß Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass jedes Stangenelement (3) aus einem oder mehr Bereichen bestehen kann, deren Enden miteinander verbunden sind und mittels Ringen und/oder Hüllen und/oder Stahlbändern oder harzgetränkten Bändern blockiert oder befestigt sind.
  4. Mauerwerk gemäß einem der Ansprüche 1-3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass es mindestens ein Halteelement (13) umfasst, das aus einem Gewebe oder einer Matte aus Glasfaser oder ähnlichem in der Form einer Socke oder Schleife hergestellt ist, zwischen den Wänden einer hohlen Aufnahme (7) und ihrer entsprechenden Stangenelemente (3), wobei das mindestens eine Halteelement (13) mindestens teilweise in das Befestigungsmaterial (5) aufgenommen ist.
  5. Verfahren zum Ausführen des Mauerwerks gemäß einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, umfassend die folgenden Schritte:
    - Herstellen, zumindest in einer vorbestimmten Position der mindestens einen zugänglichen Fläche (F) eines Wandpaneels (M) des Mauerwerks (1), von mindestens einer vertikalen hohlen Aufnahme (7), die jeweils Querabmessungen aufweist, die gleich oder geringfügig größer sind als die Querabmessungen von mindestens einem Stangenelement (3) der einzelnen Art oder der Art bestehend aus mehreren miteinander verbundenen Segmenten;
    - Platzieren des mindestens einen Stangenelements (3) in seine entsprechende hohle Aufnahme (7), darin Befestigen durch Anbringen von Befestigungsmaterial (5) im fluiden oder halbfluiden Zustand in die hohle Aufnahme (7) und welches vorgehen ist, sich zu verfestigen um das Blockieren oder Verankern des mindestens einen Stangenelements (3) in seiner entsprechenden hohlen Aufnahme (7) zu realisieren;
    und das Verfahren ist dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass es die folgenden Schritte umfasst
    - Befestigen eines ersten Verstärkungselements (9) an einen Bereich der mindestens einen zugänglichen Fläche (F) des Wandpaneels (M) angrenzend an die Seiten des Längsverlaufs der hohlen Aufnahme oder einer Gruppe von Seite an Seite angeordneten hohlen Aufnahmen (7) und erneutes Verbinden der Bereiche, die durch die hohle Aufnahme separiert wurden;
    - Befestigen von mindestens einem zweiten Verstärkungselement (11) an die Bereiche des Wandpaneels (M) oder der Wandpaneele (M) angrenzend an mindestens ein Einfasselement (C) und an dieses mindestens eine Einfasselement (C), und/oder Befestigen von mindestens einem zweiten Verstärkungselement (11) an mindestens einen horizontalen Bereich des Wandpaneels (M);
    - Befestigen jedes ersten Verstärkungselements (9) des Mauerwerks (1) an den entsprechenden Bereich der zugänglichen Fläche (F) des Wandpaneels (M) durch Blockieren eines Gewebes aus dem ersten Verstärkungselement (9), quadraxial oder mit unterschiedlicher Webart oder ohne Webart, durch Aufbringen eines Harzes in fluidem Zustand auf diesen entsprechenden Bereich, das vorgesehen ist, das Gewebe zu tränken und sich netzförmig anzulegen, um das Gewebe aufzunehmen und dessen Befestigung herzustellen;
    - Befestigen jedes zweiten Verstärkungselements (11) des Mauerwerks (1) an die entsprechenden Oberflächenbereiche durch Blockieren eines Gewebes des zweiten Verstärkungselements (11), der unidirektionalen, bidirektionalen Art oder mit einer anderen Webart oder ohne Webart, durch Aufbringen eines Harzes in fluidem Zustand auf diesen entsprechenden Bereich, das vorgesehen ist, das Gewebe zu tränken und sich netzförmig anzulegen, um das Gewebe aufzunehmen und dessen Befestigung herzustellen.
  6. Verfahren gemäß Anspruch 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass Putz oder andere Beschichtungen der Bereiche des Wandpaneels entfernt werden, bevor an diese Bereiche deren entsprechendes erstes (9) oder zweites (11) Verstärkungselement befestigt wird.
  7. Verfahren gemäß Anspruch 5 oder 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass mindestens ein Halteelement (13), das hergestellt ist aus Gewebe oder einer Platte aus Glasfaser oder ähnlichem in der Form einer Socke oder Schleife, gegen mindestens eine Wand einer hohlen Aufnahme (7) platziert ist, die in einem Wandpaneel aus hohlen oder festen Steinen vorgenommen ist, bevor in einer solchen Aufnahme das entsprechende Stangenelement (3) mittels des Befestigungsmaterials (5) befestigt wird.
EP23204732.4A 2022-10-21 2023-10-19 Verstärktes mauerwerk und verfahren zur herstellung eines solchen mauerwerks Active EP4357558B1 (de)

Priority Applications (2)

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HRP20250521TT HRP20250521T1 (hr) 2022-10-21 2023-10-19 Armirano zidanje i metoda za izvođenje takvog zidanja
RS20250383A RS66741B1 (sr) 2022-10-21 2023-10-19 Armirane zidane konstrukcije i postupak njihovog izvođenja

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IT102022000021822A IT202200021822A1 (it) 2022-10-21 2022-10-21 Opera muraria rinforzata e metodo per realizzare tale opera

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US (1) US20240229460A9 (de)
EP (1) EP4357558B1 (de)
ES (1) ES3024627T3 (de)
HR (1) HRP20250521T1 (de)
IT (1) IT202200021822A1 (de)
RS (1) RS66741B1 (de)

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US20240401352A1 (en) * 2023-06-02 2024-12-05 CFS Materials, LLC Wall reinforcement systems

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