EP4347965A1 - Energieraum - Google Patents
EnergieraumInfo
- Publication number
- EP4347965A1 EP4347965A1 EP23731701.1A EP23731701A EP4347965A1 EP 4347965 A1 EP4347965 A1 EP 4347965A1 EP 23731701 A EP23731701 A EP 23731701A EP 4347965 A1 EP4347965 A1 EP 4347965A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- base body
- energy
- cover
- walls
- energy room
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
- 238000004880 explosion Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 36
- 239000004567 concrete Substances 0.000 claims description 24
- 238000004146 energy storage Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000009423 ventilation Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000011376 self-consolidating concrete Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 23
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 20
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 18
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 14
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 14
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 13
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 11
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 description 8
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 7
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000012779 reinforcing material Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000003993 interaction Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000008439 repair process Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000009412 basement excavation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000002787 reinforcement Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 3
- 235000013311 vegetables Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000035508 accumulation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009415 formwork Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002737 fuel gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000008236 heating water Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000008520 organization Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000011218 segmentation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000002351 wastewater Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229920002522 Wood fibre Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001464 adherent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004026 adhesive bonding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004378 air conditioning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004873 anchoring Methods 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000033228 biological regulation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012267 brine Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001427 coherent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000295 complement effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006735 deficit Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007667 floating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009969 flowable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003673 groundwater Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000036541 health Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000011065 in-situ storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006698 induction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007689 inspection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000010354 integration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009417 prefabrication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000284 resting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- HPALAKNZSZLMCH-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;chloride;hydrate Chemical compound O.[Na+].[Cl-] HPALAKNZSZLMCH-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002352 surface water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000013585 weight reducing agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002025 wood fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
- E04B1/348—Structures composed of units comprising at least considerable parts of two sides of a room, e.g. box-like or cell-like units closed or in skeleton form
- E04B1/34869—Elements for special technical purposes, e.g. with a sanitary equipment
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04H—BUILDINGS OR LIKE STRUCTURES FOR PARTICULAR PURPOSES; SWIMMING OR SPLASH BATHS OR POOLS; MASTS; FENCING; TENTS OR CANOPIES, IN GENERAL
- E04H1/00—Buildings or groups of buildings for dwelling or office purposes; General layout, e.g. modular co-ordination or staggered storeys
- E04H1/12—Small buildings or other erections for limited occupation, erected in the open air or arranged in buildings, e.g. kiosks, waiting shelters for bus stops or for filling stations, roofs for railway platforms, watchmen's huts or dressing cubicles
- E04H1/1205—Small buildings erected in the open air
- E04H1/1238—Shelters for engines, e.g. electrical meter housings
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04H—BUILDINGS OR LIKE STRUCTURES FOR PARTICULAR PURPOSES; SWIMMING OR SPLASH BATHS OR POOLS; MASTS; FENCING; TENTS OR CANOPIES, IN GENERAL
- E04H5/00—Buildings or groups of buildings for industrial or agricultural purposes
- E04H5/02—Buildings or groups of buildings for industrial purposes, e.g. for power-plants or factories
- E04H5/04—Transformer houses; Substations or switchgear houses
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
- E04B1/348—Structures composed of units comprising at least considerable parts of two sides of a room, e.g. box-like or cell-like units closed or in skeleton form
- E04B1/34815—Elements not integrated in a skeleton
- E04B1/34823—Elements not integrated in a skeleton the supporting structure consisting of concrete
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
- E04B1/348—Structures composed of units comprising at least considerable parts of two sides of a room, e.g. box-like or cell-like units closed or in skeleton form
- E04B2001/34892—Means allowing access to the units, e.g. stairs or cantilevered gangways
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B2103/00—Material constitution of slabs, sheets or the like
- E04B2103/02—Material constitution of slabs, sheets or the like of ceramics, concrete or other stone-like material
Definitions
- the invention relates to an energy center according to the preamble of claim 1.
- a prefabricated component for forming a house connection having a base body which can be accommodated as, for example, a cuboid space cell in the ground outside a building.
- the base body has a base and, if it is cuboid, four walls all around.
- a lid rests on the upper edges of the walls, held on the base body by its own weight.
- the base body In its function as a house connection room, the base body enables the connection of supply lines with which, for example, water, gas, electrical energy, district heating or the like are brought in from corresponding supply companies, as well as the connection of disposal lines, for example in order to drain wastewater or rainwater from the building and, for example, in to be able to initiate a sewerage network.
- the room cell is sufficiently large to accommodate, for example, shut-off devices, control and counting devices as well as pipes and electrical cables, as well as to provide the space required for the maintenance of these devices.
- several supply lines are led into the room cell, and several disposal lines are led from the building into the room cell.
- connection between the room cell and the building can be ensured by several separate connecting lines, but alternatively a single connecting line can be provided by connecting the prefabricated component to the building using a single multi-compartment line, so that only a single house duct is used as an opening in the building shell is required to lead the various supply and disposal lines into or out of the building.
- a means for generating energy for example a combined heat and power plant (CHP), a combined heat and power unit (CHP), a geothermal device or the like, so that for this reason the prefabricated component referred to as a house connection room can also be referred to as an energy room, namely as a room, which provides energy that can be consumed in the building connected to the energy room.
- CHP combined heat and power plant
- CHP combined heat and power unit
- geothermal device geothermal device
- the prefabricated component described offers several advantages in its function as a house connection room, such as:
- the several different supply and disposal lines can be connected to the house connection room at practically any time and completely independent of the construction progress of the building.
- the house connection room can then be connected to the building via several individual connecting lines or, if necessary, via the common multi-division line mentioned.
- the organization of the execution of the individual measures is significantly simplified by the decoupling from the construction progress of the building.
- the prefabricated component serving as a house connection room is arranged as close as possible from the property line, the costs for laying the individual supply and disposal lines to the house connection room can be significantly reduced, especially if this would otherwise require multiple excavation work, as is the case in practice can be observed again and again.
- Access to the house connection room can be made possible independently of the access to the building, for example by the house connection room having its own access opening that can be closed independently of the building.
- the organization of maintenance work, repairs or meter readings is significantly simplified in this way, since, unlike previously, the presence of people in the building is not required to allow the relevant specialist personnel access to the house connection room. Rather, sending an access code, a key or the like to the specialist staff is sufficient to allow them access to the house connection room, whereby the building can remain securely locked.
- the invention is based on the object of improving a generic energy room in such a way that it offers the highest possible level of security for a building connected to the energy room and which supports partially or completely energy-self-sufficient operation of the building.
- This object is achieved by an energy room with the features of claim 1 and by the use of an external energy room according to claim 15 and an arrangement according to claim 16.
- Advantageous embodiments are described in the subclaims.
- an energy center means that not only energy is generated, for example thermal energy and electrical energy in a CHP, but rather that energy is also stored in the energy center so that it is available for consumption with a time delay.
- a difference to the generic energy space is that in interaction with the respective assigned building, not only an electricity flows through a disposal line from the consumer - e.g.
- a building represents the consumer, in particular a residential building.
- a PV system for generating electrical energy or solar collectors for heating water can be installed on the roof of the building and / or an electrolyzer for producing hydrogen can be arranged within the building, so that the consumer has the aforementioned energy or Material flows arise that can be led to the energy center.
- an electrolyzer for producing hydrogen can be arranged within the building, so that the consumer has the aforementioned energy or Material flows arise that can be led to the energy center.
- the consumer is not designed as a building, in particular not as a residential building, but as another facility that consumes energy.
- facilities that consume electrical energy come into consideration, so that corresponding facilities can be set up and operated as an isolated solution or island installation and their energy requirements can be covered from the energy center.
- the energy center can serve to supply a radio mast, in particular a cell phone mast, so that the installation and operation of the radio mast, including the installation of the energy center, can take place without connection to energy or signal lines.
- Other examples for consumers can be gas stations, whereby the term “refueling” generally refers to the supply of energy to vehicles.
- the vehicles can be designed as cars, trucks, electric motorcycles, e-scooters, e-bikes and the like, but also as hand-held transport carts or self-propelled electric transport vehicles, and refueling can be done using liquid, gaseous (and possibly liquefied) or electric energy.
- a storage for the respective form of energy is housed within the energy center, and the consumer in the form of the gas station mentioned has means, for example in the form of a wind turbine, PV modules or the like, to generate energy in the form that is stored in the storage of the energy center can be.
- the energy center is arranged underground, with this underground arrangement being mentioned many times in the following description, in which the cover of the base body can, for example, be flush with the surrounding ground surface, for example with a lawn, a paving or a similar surface. phalted surface.
- the advantages of the underground arrangement lie in particular in the improved use of space, in protection for the environment in the event of a fire or explosion in the energy center, and in a more uniform temperature level within the energy center over the course of the year. The following description often assumes this arrangement of the energy center, which is considered advantageous.
- a different, above-ground installation of the energy center can also be advantageous. This makes it possible to set up the energy center with as little excavation of soil as possible, possibly even completely avoidable, whereby the energy center can even serve as a foundation for the consumer built on it. In particular, where sufficient installation space is available or previously unused areas can be used to set up an energy center, this excavation and cost-saving installation of the energy center can be used, for example for the installation of a cell phone mast within a roundabout.
- the energy or material is stored in the energy center and then fed back into the building with a time delay to supply the building. If necessary, energy conversion takes place in the energy center, for example.
- B. electrical energy that comes from a photovoltaic system in the building is converted into thermal energy, e.g. B. by heating water in a hot water tank, or by using electrical energy to generate gas.
- thermal energy e.g. B. by heating water in a hot water tank, or by using electrical energy to generate gas.
- it can be used for the electrical production of hydrogen gas, which can be stored in a hydrogen tank in the energy center and can later be used in the building as fuel gas for a heating system, or which can later be used for production in the energy center electrical energy can be used to supply the building.
- the energy center may have an electrical energy storage device that is charged using a photovoltaic system mounted on the building and is referred to as a rechargeable battery or accumulator. Even if a particularly attractive price for purchasing electrical energy is temporarily available due to volatile energy markets, electrical energy can be purchased from a supplier and stored in the battery during such periods.
- the energy center can have a gas storage in which hydrogen is stored, which has been produced by means of an electrolyzer, which in turn is operated using electrical energy from the mentioned photovoltaic system mounted on the building and / or from the electrical energy storage of the Energy center comes from.
- an electrolyzer which in turn is operated using electrical energy from the mentioned photovoltaic system mounted on the building and / or from the electrical energy storage of the Energy center comes from.
- other technical devices can also be arranged in the energy center, for example a compressor, in order to be able to store the hydrogen gas produced in compressed form, for example in liquid form.
- the hydrogen can, for example, be used as fuel gas to operate a heating system or a CHP plant.
- the mentioned electrolyzer or a fuel cell can also be arranged in the interior of the energy center. Using the fuel cell, electrical energy can be obtained from the hydrogen, so that hydrogen technology can be used as a storage technology as an alternative or in addition to storing the electrical energy in a battery.
- the energy center provides for media not only to be transported from the building into the main body of the energy room for disposal via the connecting line leading to the building. but rather that supply lines can also lead from the building into the base body, which, for example, conduct the electrical energy generated in the building to the energy storage or conduct the hydrogen gas into the hydrogen storage, provided that the hydrogen has been generated in the building.
- the base body of the energy center has at least two separate components: the walls and the floor can be designed as a coherent assembly; for example, when using a concrete material, they can be designed as a monolithic component.
- the second component is designed as a cover that limits the base body at the top. Because the cover is designed separately from the rest of the base body, the various technical devices of the energy center can be assembled and brought into the interior of the base body, for example by means of a crane.
- the possibility of assembling several technical components independently of the construction site where the energy center is to be set up enables prefabrication by qualified personnel, so that the energy center can be set up on the construction site ready for connection and therefore almost ready for operation and then only has to be sent to the public utilities. and disposal lines as well as to which at least one connecting line leading to the building needs to be connected.
- the reliable interaction of several technical components can be ensured to a particularly high degree by the fact that the assembly of the components in the base body of the energy center is not carried out at different times by several different trades on the construction site, but rather by a single technical building equipment company, so that accordingly the base body equipped with the components and therefore prefabricated is made available for assembly at the construction site.
- the accessibility The interior of the base body is optimally provided by the fact that the cover is not yet mounted on the rest of the base body during assembly of the components, so that the interior can be accessible from above over its entire base area. Provision can therefore be made for the cover to be mounted on the rest of the base body only after all the necessary components have been arranged in the interior of the base body.
- the base body of the energy center is designed as a fire- and explosion-proof safety cell.
- fireproof means that the base body can withstand a fire load for a certain period of time without collapsing.
- explosion-proof means that in the event of an explosion occurring in the interior of the base body, components of the base body itself or the elements arranged therein are prevented from flying outwards in an uncontrolled manner.
- the fire and explosion-proof design of the energy center improves the safety of the building by reducing the risk of significant damage to the building. If the energy center is damaged in the event of a fire or explosion, this room cell, which is arranged in the ground at a distance from the building, can be replaced at a cost that is significantly less than the effort that would otherwise be associated with repairing the building.
- the cover not only lies loosely on the walls and is only held by its own weight, but it is connected to the walls so that it is not displaced uncontrollably in the event of a fire or explosion. By holding the cover securely on the walls, damage to the surrounding area, such as damage to neighboring buildings, can be avoided as much as possible, even in the event of a fire or explosion.
- connection can be achieved by permanently gluing the cover to the walls. In this way, strengths of the connection can be achieved which, in the event of an explosion occurring inside the base body, are more likely to lead to destruction of the walls or the cover next to the adhesive seam than to destruction of the adhesive seam.
- a detachable connection is considered particularly advantageous, e.g. B. with the help of turnbuckles, screw connections or the like. Due to the appropriate number and dimensioning of the connecting elements, the cover can be held securely on the walls even with a detachable connection. On the other hand, however, due to its detachability, the cover can later be removed from the walls if large-scale access to the interior of the base body appears desirable for maintenance or repair reasons. This can e.g. B. can be used to be able to replace large-volume units, storage containers or the like after their service life has been reached.
- the fire- and explosion-proof design can be achieved, for example, through the choice of materials.
- the base body can consist of a concrete material, and the suitably large material thickness as well as the suitably high proportion of reinforcing material ensures the fire- and explosion-proof design of the base body.
- the connecting elements that connect the lid to the rest of the base Connecting bodies can ensure, in terms of the number used and their respective material thickness, that the lid is held securely on the walls of the base body even in the event of an explosion.
- the already mentioned, comparatively large material thickness as well as the comparatively high proportion of reinforcing material leads to a correspondingly high weight in the case of the cover, which also contributes to ensuring that the cover is not blown off from the rest of the base body in the event of an explosion.
- a concrete material can be used that contains plant fibers instead of mineral aggregates, e.g. wood fibers, which replace at least a portion of the mineral aggregates.
- the concrete material therefore has a lower density, so that large-volume components of the base body in particular have a significant weight advantage and can be transported on public roads, for example, without requiring a special permit for heavy-duty transport.
- a design that is as heavy as possible can be advantageous in order to secure the lid from lifting off the walls of the base body in the event of an explosion.
- a high weight of the base body can also be advantageous for reasons of ensuring buoyancy in the ground.
- the mixing ratio between vegetable and mineral additives in the concrete material can, for example, be determined.
- the use of vegetable additives is ecologically more advantageous than the use of mineral additives, so that the mixing ratio mentioned is therefore advantageous.
- adherent design contains the highest possible proportion of vegetable additives.
- the base body has an explosion relief valve, so that pressure peaks inside the energy center, which can occur in the event of a fire or explosion, can be reduced and in this way damage to the energy center can be kept as low as possible .
- pressure builds up slowly, which can then be limited to a predetermined level using a pressure relief valve.
- the explosion relief valve is basically also an overpressure relief valve.
- Typical of the damage events in the event of a fire or explosion is a large increase in volume of gas within a short period of time and a correspondingly rapid increase in pressure, so that, in contrast to any pressure relief valve, the flow cross section of the explosion relief valve that can be passed by the gas must be significantly larger in order to achieve the desired pressure relief to be able to guarantee.
- the explosion relief valve opens automatically when a certain pressure exists or is exceeded inside the base body.
- a hinged flap can be provided, for example in the lid of the base body, whereby this flap can also serve, for example, at the same time as a closure flap for the access opening, which enables a person to access the interior of the base body.
- the explosion relief valve can have a movable valve body, which is normally pressed against a valve seat by a spring. However, if there is significant excess pressure inside the base body, this movable valve body is removed from the valve seat against the spring action, so that a flow path is freed through which the excess pressure can be released to the outside. can be built.
- the valve body can be automatically guided again against the valve seat by the spring, so that the flow path is closed and thereby, for example, a supply of oxygen from outside to a source of fire in the base body is prevented.
- screw connections can be used. They enable the absorption of high holding forces with comparatively small cross-sectional dimensions, so that a sufficient number of screwing points can be provided on the base body in order to hold the cover securely on the walls.
- Turnbuckles can be advantageously used for connections in the horizontal direction. This may be desirable, for example, in order to connect several segments to one another if the base body is composed of two or more segments arranged next to one another. Two end segments can be provided, each of which has three U-shaped walls and a base part. By connecting these two end segments to one another and using a matching cover, a cuboid base body can be created.
- the arrangement of one or more extension segments can be provided between the two end segments in order to create a correspondingly longer base body.
- An extension segment has two opposing walls and a base part in between. Due to the scalability, which is made possible by the number of extension segments used, the base body can be provided inexpensively in a size that meets requirements.
- the lids can be provided in different sizes. However, both the end segments and the extension segments can advantageously always have the same base area, so that a single size is sufficient to create a cover segment, with different numbers of cover segments being connected to one another in order to adapt to the desired size of the base body To create lids of the appropriate size.
- the segmentation of the base body is advantageous due to the principle of identical parts in order to be able to produce base bodies of different sizes as economically as possible.
- the segmentation in terms of weight and dimensions of the parts to be handled facilitates transport and assembly, so that e.g. B. even a very large base body can be transported without special permits over public roads to the installation site of the energy center, namely dismantled in the form of the individual segments, and so that crane systems and similar facilities at the installation site of the energy center can be designed to be comparatively small, with comparatively small permissible lifting loads , compared to the total weight of the base body, so that such facilities can be rented economically for the duration of the construction of the energy center.
- components of the base body can be connected to one another using turnbuckles.
- the turnbuckles are commercially available, tried-and-tested components that are able to accommodate high loads.
- the components of the base body can not only be held together in a reliable, secure, media-tight manner, for example watertight, but can also be connected to one another in an explosion-proof manner.
- the base body is designed to be watertight, with a seal running between the cover and the walls of the base body. In this way, the interior of the energy center is protected from the ingress of groundwater and surface water, so that good corrosion protection is achieved for the technical components that are located inside the base body.
- the base body can consist of a concrete material that is impermeable to water.
- the lines, which are led into the interior of the base body as supply or disposal lines, can be routed in a manner known per se in a watertight manner through the shell of the base body, for example through its walls, with waterproof wall ducts being known from the field of building technology.
- provision can be made to keep the number of openings through the shell of the base body as low as possible, for example by using multi-compartment lines, so that in the best case only one multi-compartment connecting line runs from the base body to the building and only one multi-compartment line runs from the base body leads to public utilities or a sewer system.
- the base body can have connections for lifting means below the cover.
- the above-mentioned component of the base body which has the bottom and the walls in a trough-like manner, can be handled and placed without the cover at the construction site using a crane, for example inserted into a pit in the ground.
- This trough-like component can either be prepared and already equipped with the technical components, or it can be equipped with the technical components at the construction site.
- the cover can later be placed as a second component on this first component of the base body and connected to the walls of the base body.
- the connecting elements used for this e.g. the mentioned clamping locksmiths do not have to be able to carry the weight of the first component, which may be equipped with the technical components, since the entire base body does not have to be lifted on the lid.
- the cover can also advantageously have connections for lifting means.
- the lid has a comparatively high weight, which makes its handling by means of a crane or similar lifting equipment appear particularly advantageous.
- this affects the handling of the cover when it is first placed on the rest of the base body from above at the construction site.
- this also affects the later handling of the cover, for example when it is removed to be able to replace larger technical equipment in the energy center.
- Smaller technical equipment should it need to be replaced, can be expected to be easily transported through the access opening intended for personal access.
- larger technical facilities for example the already mentioned CHP, can either only be used with considerable effort through the comparatively small personal access or are too large to be opened. It can therefore be advantageous to be able to take the cover back in order to ensure later accessibility to the interior of the base body.
- the lid can have a circumferential, upwardly projecting frame on its top, so that it provides a separate area that can be planted as a closed area with preferably small plants.
- the lid can then be lifted at any time after the connecting elements between the ceiling and walls have been loosened.
- these are, for example the turnbuckles mentioned.
- the connecting elements can be accessible from the inside of the base body, so that the dismantling of the cover and also a later reconnection of the cover to the walls is possible with as little assembly effort as possible and, for example, while avoiding floor work.
- the energy center has a staircase including fall protection, for example in the form of a stair railing, the staircase being permanently installed in the base body and adjoining the access opening in such a way that it can be reached from the outside via the access opening.
- the staircase including fall protection allows easy access to the interior of the energy center.
- the interior can be accessed by just one person, without the presence of a second security person, so that maintenance work can be carried out as easily as possible and with little personnel and economic effort.
- the base body has a ventilation opening and a ventilation device, for example in the form of a fan, which enables an exchange of air between the interior of the base body and the atmosphere outside the base body. In this way, the accumulation of harmful gases inside the energy center is avoided. Such gas accumulations can cause fires or explosions or pose health risks if a person enters the energy center.
- a ventilation device for example in the form of a fan
- the base body has horizontally aligned, externally accessible threaded sleeves which open into upright surfaces of the base body, e.g. B. in the surrounding edges of the lid or in the walls.
- the threaded sleeves may protrude slightly beyond the upright surfaces. In order to reliably avoid damage, they preferably end flush with the upright surfaces or even end within the relevant component, but are accessible from the outside, so that they allow a screw to be attached to the relevant component of the base body and into the threaded sleeve to screw in.
- the threaded sleeves are used to hold connecting elements of a lifting harness in a detachable manner.
- the connecting elements can be designed as eye bolts, hooks or the like and screwed into the threaded sleeves, so that the lifting gear can be attached to the connecting elements and then the corresponding component can be lifted and lowered onto a transport vehicle or into a prepared pit, e.g. B. the entire base body including or without the lid, the entire lid, or an end, extension or ceiling segment. Because the threaded sleeves are aligned horizontally and are loaded transversely to the central axis of their thread when the base body component is lifted, they can absorb high loads.
- the lifting gear can advantageously have one or more crossbars so that the flexible parts of the The lifting gear can run as straight as possible and without direct contact with the lifted component from the crossbar to the connecting elements.
- the connecting elements are arranged on the outside of the base body because the threaded sleeves open into the outer surfaces of the base body component in question, the traverses of the lifting gear used are correspondingly long in order to protrude beyond the dimensions of the component to be lifted. With this arrangement of the threaded sleeves, the wall surface in the interior is as uninterrupted as possible. before provided. Due to the slope angle of a pit into which the base body is to be lowered, the connecting elements can be easily reached when the base body is in the pit and the connecting elements are in the upper region of the base body.
- the threaded sleeves can open into the inner surfaces of the base body component, so that they can still be easily reached later, when the energy center has been surrounded by earth for years, for example to make it easier to dismantle the base body and lift it out of the pit.
- the threaded sleeves can also serve to fasten or additionally secure internals that are provided inside the base body.
- the access opening which enables a person to access the interior of the base body, is designed to be flood-proof.
- a clamping element which closes the access opening, e.g. B. a pivoting flap on which one or double seal presses.
- the clamping element can be designed as a screw or as an eccentric lever that can be operated without tools.
- the clamping element can be structurally designed in such a way that, on the one hand, it presses the closure reliably tightly against the seal of the access opening, and on the other hand, in the event of an explosion occurring inside the base body, it enables the closure to be opened, so that the access opening and its closure already mentioned pressure relief valve can form.
- the base body has ventilation openings. Since the base body is sunk into the ground, the ventilation openings can advantageously be arranged in the cover of the base body, so that no external ventilation pipes or the like have to run laterally on the base body.
- supply and exhaust air pipes can be glued watertight into the cover and extend so high up from the cover that flooding of the mouths of the supply and exhaust air pipes is avoided even in heavy rainfall events and accordingly water entry into the interior of the base body is prevented.
- the respective height of the supply and exhaust air pipes can therefore depend on the area and the local flood protection requirements, depending on the planned location of the energy center.
- the mouths of the supply and exhaust air pipes can, for example, be covered at the top by a hemispherical cover, the diameter of which is larger than the pipe diameter, the mouth being arranged inside the respective half hollow sphere and thus also being well protected against obliquely falling precipitation and splash water .
- the ventilation opening for the supply air is located away from a chimney of the CHP.
- the supply and exhaust air openings are advantageously arranged at a distance from one another in order to ensure cross-ventilation within the base body.
- the base body has ground anchors which ensure secure anchoring of the base body within the ground and also secure the base body against floating when the water level within the ground rises, for example after a major rainfall event.
- the ground anchors can be realized in a simple manner by reinforcing material, which is arranged in the lower region of the walls or in the floor of the base body, protruding laterally from the walls or from the floor.
- the reinforcement material can be bent upwards so that it runs close to the wall, for example.
- the reinforcing materials can be bent back from their upwardly curved transport position into a lying, flat orientation. If the ground around the base body is then filled in, or if the proofing materials are embedded in in-situ concrete, the proofing materials protruding beyond the base body form the ground anchors, which anchor the base body within the ground and secure it against buoyancy.
- the base body is structurally designed to be accessible by motor vehicles, so that it can be driven on at least by cars, but advantageously also by trucks, and is particularly advantageously designed for vehicle weights that enable the base body to be accessible by emergency vehicles, for example the fire department.
- this structural design concerns the cover of the base body, which is designed to be correspondingly rigid and pressure-resistant.
- a cover made of a concrete material can be 25 or 30 cm thick, so that, firstly, it is able to absorb the forces described here and, secondly, due to its own weight, it ensures a high level of safety of the base body with regard to uncontrolled flying components, even in the event of an explosion.
- this structural design affects the walls on which the cover rests and which can absorb the corresponding loads and, for example, transfer them downwards into the ground.
- this structural design also affects the connection of the cover to the walls with regard to thrust forces that act in the horizontal direction and are transmitted from the cover to the walls and can be absorbed by the walls. Such thrust forces occur, for example, when a vehicle the lid brakes.
- a positive connection can be provided between the cover and the walls: for example, firstly by a rib on the one hand, which engages in an associated groove on the other.
- a positive fit can be achieved in that one or more projections protrude downwards on the underside of the lid, which limit displacement of the lid by resting against the inside of a wall.
- the lid can be designed like a hood and can positively fit over the walls on the outside, so that it is secured against displacement in all directions.
- the base body is pre-assembled in that the components of the energy center are arranged in it ready for connection and thus the base body can be set up at the construction site almost ready for operation and only connected to the public supply and disposal lines and to the at least one to the building leading connecting line needs to be connected.
- the base body is composed of several individual segments, for example the end and extension segments mentioned, each segment can be equipped with components of the energy center, so that after the segments have been connected at the installation site Energy center the components are also connected to each other.
- connections of components do not need to be made at the construction site or at least the number of such connections can be significantly reduced by connecting the technical components of the energy center to one another in a pre-assembled manner.
- the entire frame is set into the base body at the construction site before the cover is placed on the walls of the base body and connected to the walls.
- the frame can be held in the base body on its walls so that it cannot tip over at a few securing points, while the frame in turn easily has a large number of fastening points, for example arranged in a specific grid, in order to hold the individual components in the frame at these fastening points.
- pre-assembly of the components - for example in the base body or in the frame mentioned - significantly accelerates the construction of the energy center.
- pre-assembly does not refer to the production of the individual devices themselves, but rather their combination into a practically ready-to-connect system, which contains the technical devices required for the respective use, which are also already connected to one another so that they can work together.
- this pre-assembly is particularly advantageous if the base body is to be set up in the ground in the area of a fire department access, a private road or the like, since the impairments associated with the construction work are limited to the shortest possible time. duration can be limited.
- pre-assembly of the components is also advantageous from a logistical and ecological point of view, since the technical equipment, which comes from different manufacturers, does not have to be transported in small numbers, typically individually, to different construction sites, but in large numbers to a central location where Pre-assembly is carried out for a large number of energy centers.
- the pre-assembly of the technical components of the energy center can be achieved under industrial conditions and regardless of the weather in a significantly shorter time than if these components had to be installed individually at the installation site of the energy center .
- the installation of the energy center can be carried out within a few days, approximately 1 to 2 days, largely regardless of how complex the energy center is and how many different technical devices it contains.
- complex energy centers that contain many different technical devices would otherwise require a construction time of several weeks if the different technical devices had to be delivered to the installation site and installed there individually.
- the invention relates to the idea of using the energy space, which is known per se but has been further developed as described above, as an energy center which has an energy storage device within the base body. This not only provides energy that is generated in the energy room and transported directly to the building, but energy can also be temporarily stored and transported to the building with a time delay. This increases the possible degree of energy self-sufficiency to which the building can be operated.
- the base body of the energy room can be made from a so-called self-compacting concrete material.
- the concrete material contains an additive that influences, in particular improves, the flow properties.
- the self-compacting concrete material can be poured into a form called formwork and fills it practically without pores, even if the flowable concrete material is compacted, e.g. B. by means of a vibrating bottle or otherwise generated vibrations is dispensed with. Firstly, due to its low viscosity, the formation of pores or voids within the concrete material is avoided. Secondly, it is ensured that reinforcement material inserted into the formwork, e.g. B.
- a reinforcement cage made of steel wire is optimally surrounded by the concrete material. This prevents the formation of pores or voids not only within the concrete material itself, but also at the interfaces to the reinforcing material. The force transmission between the concrete material and the reinforcing material is improved in this way. As a result, the concrete component can withstand higher loads with the same dimensions or, if a certain load capacity is required, can be manufactured with a smaller wall thickness. A weight reduction may be of minor importance for the lid, since a sufficiently high weight may be desirable in order to keep the lid in place as securely as possible in the event of an explosion inside the energy center.
- the weight of the cover is in many cases uncritically low because it is an essentially flat component that does not reach critical weight limits even with larger wall thicknesses.
- a trough-shaped component that has a floor and four walls, or a segment of such a trough, with the segment having floor and wall sections, is more problematic in terms of maintaining a desired maximum weight due to the connected concrete surfaces running in several levels, which are independent of the component volume in any case represent a comparatively large concrete volume compared to the concrete volume of the lid.
- Another advantage of producing from a self-compacting concrete material is that the avoidance of voids makes the concrete material more homogeneous and resilient in terms of its mechanical strength. In the event of an explosion, voids would represent weak points in the concrete material. Avoiding them helps prevent the respective concrete component from tearing open and the formation of splinters. This is always advantageous with the cover, since it is not covered by the surrounding soil like the floor and walls if the energy center is located in the ground.
- the base body of the energy center can be manufactured using self-compacting concrete material, for example with a wall thickness of 15 cm, when normally - without the self-compacting properties - a wall thickness of 20 cm would be required. This can be done for the individual parts from which the base body is to be created at the installation site of the energy center, depending on their size and accordingly, their weight means easier transport on public roads without the need for special permits. Or the dimensions of the individual parts can be chosen to be larger without exceeding the critical limit, which requires special transport for weight reasons.
- the length of a component to be transported can be increased from 6 to 7m, and the width between two opposite walls can be increased with the same external dimensions, so that there is more space in the base body for the installation of technical equipment and the arrangement of a ladder, stairs or the like is available.
- composition of the concrete material can contain up to 60% recycled material while maintaining the same strength properties. This means that carbon dioxide emissions - the so-called C02 footprint - can be reduced to a minimum during the production of the base body.
- components of environmental and energy technology can be installed in accordance with the latest technical standards and the local regulations, e.g. B. state governments can be ordered so that all market-tested systems in the energy space and with each other can be coupled in a technology-neutral manner, e.g. E.g. brine/water, air/water or air/air heat pumps, bio-methane cogeneration plants, bio-methane peak load boilers, H2 electrolysers, battery storage systems, electric heat generators, PV integration, storage and distribution groups.
- a technology-neutral manner e.g. E.g. brine/water, air/water or air/air heat pumps, bio-methane cogeneration plants, bio-methane peak load boilers, H2 electrolysers, battery storage systems, electric heat generators, PV integration, storage and distribution groups.
- an energy space according to the invention can be assigned to a single consumer or even to several or a large number of consumers.
- an energy room according to the invention can serve for the self-sufficient energy supply of a radio mast, for example to further expand the mobile phone supply.
- the energy room can serve above ground or underground as a foundation for the radio mast and at the same time contain the components for supplying energy to the radio transmission mast, for example an energy storage device, if necessary . an energy converter, computer equipment and the like.
- An island installation can be provided so that the energy room does not have to be connected to public supply lines and the installation location can be freely chosen and requires a correspondingly small amount of structural work. In contrast to underground cables, new radio standards can be implemented with comparatively little construction effort.
- the energy storage for gas, electricity or another energy source can be regularly refilled, and in another embodiment, a device for generating electrical energy can be arranged on the cover of the energy room or on the radio mast itself, for example in the form of photovoltaic systems. modules. Or the energy room can serve as an energy center for an individual house. If necessary, it can be economically advantageous to combine several neighboring houses into a kind of cooperative, which are allocated a single, correspondingly large energy room. Or the energy space or a combination of several energy spaces can be assigned to 9 to 500 residential units when developing new districts. Standardized, prefabricated energy centers can be scaled depending on the size of the district.
- One advantage of arranging the energy room within the ground is a reduction in the required cooling capacity, compared to the above-ground installation of the energy room and with summer sunlight.
- the cover of the base body can have additional functional complexity, for example by arranging a device for contactless energy transmission in the cover, for example in the form of an induction coil.
- Objects that are arranged in a predetermined position on the lid and have an electrical energy storage and are equipped with a complementary element for contactless energy transfer can then be charged on the base body.
- the objects can be electric vehicles, and in this case the energy room can be arranged at least partially recessed into the ground so that it does not have to be accessed using steep ramps.
- the objects can be aircraft, such as parcel drones or the like, in which case the energy room enables problem-free access to the charging device even when installed above ground.
- Tools can be stored in the base body so that minor repairs to the components installed therein can be carried out immediately, for example using a video workshop, so that specialists are not necessarily required for minor maintenance or repair work.
- the energy room can be used for emergency power supply, for example for hospitals, pumping systems and the like.
- FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a vertical section through a first exemplary embodiment of an energy center
- Fig. 2 is a perspective view obliquely from above into a second exemplary embodiment of an energy center, in which the cover of the base body is removed
- a third embodiment of an energy center in which the cover and two walls of the base body are removed.
- an energy center 1 is shown, which is arranged in a ground 2.
- the energy center 1 has a base body 3 made of concrete, which is cuboid-shaped and has a base 4, walls 5 and a lid 6.
- the lid 6 has an access opening 7, which can be either opened or closed by means of a hinged flap 8.
- the flap 8 has a closure which, on the one hand, serves to prevent unauthorized persons from entering the interior of the base body 3, but which, on the other hand, is designed to be so mechanically weak that in the event of an explosion that occurs inside the base body 3 Opening of the flap 8 is made possible in view of the pressure prevailing in the base body 3, so that the flap 8 also serves as a pressure relief valve.
- the access opening 7 serves, on the one hand, to allow a person to enter the interior of the base body 3.
- a staircase 9 is permanently installed within the base body 3, the staircase 9 having a fall protection device in the form of a stair railing, which is not shown for reasons of clarity.
- the dimensions of the access opening 7 are chosen so that not only can people pass through it, but that it also enables technical devices to be introduced or removed into or out of the interior of the base body 3.
- 3 technical devices are shown inside the base body in the form of pipes, shut-off valves, meters, an electronic control and in the form of storage, the storage being used as an accumulator for storing electrical energy, as a tank for storing hydrogen gas, and as a hot water tank are designed to store heat.
- Fig. 2 shows a second embodiment of an energy center 1 during its assembly at a construction site.
- a pit has been dug in the ground 2 into which the base body 3 has been inserted.
- the walls 5 have connections 10 which are used to stop lifting means 11, the lifting means 11 having lifting beams 12 and chains 14, so that the base body 3 or a segment of the base body 3, if it consists of several separate segments, by means of a Crane can be handled.
- the base body 3 consists of separate segments, whereby the segment at the rear in the image, which is further away from the viewer and which hangs on the lifting means 11, has not yet been lowered to its final position.
- This segment is referred to as the end segment 16, which in plan view has three U-shaped walls 5 and a base part.
- the opposite segment of the base body 3, which is closest to the viewer, is also designed as such an end segment 16.
- the segmented construction of a base body 3 is consistently used, it can be provided not to produce a base body 3 with four walls, but rather to produce the smallest base body 3 by connecting two end segments 16 to one another. Almost any larger base body 3 can be created by using a corresponding number of extension segments 17, which are arranged between the two segments 16. Also the one too
- the lid used can be made in segments, with each lid segment covering an end segment 16 or an extension segment 17.
- base body 3 can be created using only three different components: namely if the end segments 16 at both ends of the base body 3 are designed identically.
- the individual end and extension segments 16 and 17 of the base body 3 are already pre-assembled in such a way that technical devices are mounted in the respective segments.
- the segments of the base body 3 are pre-assembled in this way, regardless of the construction site, transported to the construction site and lowered there by a crane from the transport vehicle into the pit in the ground 2.
- the individual segments are then connected to one another in a watertight manner and the technical devices located inside the base body 3 are connected to one another by connecting the corresponding electrical lines and pipelines.
- the staircase 9 is provided with fall protection in the form of a stair railing 15 on both sides.
- the technical devices of the energy center can be pre-assembled together on a frame, so that they do not have to be attached directly to the base body 3, but rather the entire frame provided with the technical devices is placed in the base body 3 and is either set up freely or fixed at a few securing points, for example on the walls 5 of the base body 3, so that it cannot tip over.
- 3 also shows a perspective view from above into an energy center 1, with the energy center 1 being shown free-standing in FIG. 3, without surrounding soil.
- Two buffer tanks 18 of the heating system are arranged within the base body 3 and stand on the floor 4. Next to it, a housing of an electrical sub-distribution 19 can be seen, which is suspended on a wall 5.
- a pressure compensation tank 20 of the heating system is placed on the floor 4, and above it there is a peak load boiler 21 of the heating system, which hangs on the wall of the base body 3 facing the viewer and not shown in FIG.
- Each of these two hydrogen combination devices 22 contains an electrolyzer for producing hydrogen using electrical current, a hydrogen storage device for the hydrogen gas produced, and finally a fuel cell in order to generate electrical energy from the stored hydrogen if necessary and also provide heat.
- a staircase 9 is also arranged in the base body 3 of FIG. 3.
- an energy storage 23 which serves as a buffer for electrical energy, which is generated, for example, by a PV system which is located on the roof of a building to which the energy center 1 of FIG. 3 is connected.
- a system control 24 is also arranged on a wall 5, which controls the interaction of the devices within the energy center 1 as well as the interaction of these devices with other connected technical devices, for example with the mentioned PV system of the assigned building.
- a meter cabinet 25 Above the system control 24 at eye level is a meter cabinet 25. Consumption meters are arranged in the meter reading 25, which display the quantities of electricity and heat supplied and / or consumed by the residential units connected to the energy center 1.
- a controller which controls the interaction with the energy center 1 for individual residential units, can also be arranged in the meter reading 25, but can also be accommodated together with the system controller 24 in its housing.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Architecture (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Electromagnetism (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Epidemiology (AREA)
- Public Health (AREA)
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Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE102022121338.2A DE102022121338A1 (de) | 2022-08-23 | 2022-08-23 | Energieraum als Energiezentrale |
DE102022122131 | 2022-09-01 | ||
PCT/EP2023/065768 WO2024041770A1 (de) | 2022-08-23 | 2023-06-13 | Energieraum |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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EP4347965A1 true EP4347965A1 (de) | 2024-04-10 |
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Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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EP23731701.1A Pending EP4347965A1 (de) | 2022-08-23 | 2023-06-13 | Energieraum |
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US (1) | US20240068225A1 (de) |
EP (1) | EP4347965A1 (de) |
WO (1) | WO2024041770A1 (de) |
Family Cites Families (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US5778608A (en) * | 1995-01-31 | 1998-07-14 | Dalworth Concrete Products, Inc. | Vaulted underground storage tank |
US5865346A (en) * | 1997-01-07 | 1999-02-02 | Del Zotto; William M. | Self-contained fueling system and method |
DE202006007580U1 (de) * | 2006-05-11 | 2006-08-31 | Ermo Industriemontagen Reuner Gmbh | Mobile Wohn- und/oder Arbeitsunterkunft |
DE102014007672B4 (de) * | 2014-05-27 | 2017-10-26 | HWR System GmbH | Fertigbauteil zur Ausbildung eines Hausanschlusses |
KR102176296B1 (ko) * | 2020-07-14 | 2020-11-09 | 주식회사 엔알비 | 용도전환이 가능한 이동형 음압병동의 구축방법 |
-
2022
- 2022-10-12 US US17/964,352 patent/US20240068225A1/en active Pending
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2023
- 2023-06-13 WO PCT/EP2023/065768 patent/WO2024041770A1/de unknown
- 2023-06-13 EP EP23731701.1A patent/EP4347965A1/de active Pending
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US20240068225A1 (en) | 2024-02-29 |
WO2024041770A1 (de) | 2024-02-29 |
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