EP4345149A1 - Gas generator - Google Patents

Abstract

Gas generation module for obtaining gas from carbonaceous fuel, wherein the gas generation module has a reactor module, wherein the reactor module encloses a reactor cavity, wherein the gas generation module has at least one fuel supply, wherein the gas generation module has at least one supply unit for a gasification medium, wherein the supply unit has at least one supply pipe, wherein the supply pipe is arranged on the reactor module in such a way that the gasification medium is supplied into the reactor cavity via the supply pipe in the direction of gravity, wherein the supply pipe has a longitudinal axis. The gas generation module is characterized in that the supply unit has an outlet element, wherein the outlet element has at least two outlet openings at which the gasification medium can enter the reactor cavity, wherein the at least two outlet openings, starting from the supply pipe, have different distances from the longitudinal axis of the supply pipe in the radial direction and/or in the direction of the reactor module wall.

Description

State of the art

Gas generators for producing fuel gas from a fuel are known.

Known gas generators have a reactor into which fuel can be supplied. In addition, the gas generators include a gasification medium supply. The gasification medium supply is designed to supply a gasification medium, such as air or water vapor. With conventional gas generators this occurs

Gasification medium is usually supplied around the reactor via several gasification medium inlets on the circumference of the reactor. A gas generator is also known in which the gasification medium is supplied from below, with a supply pipe for supplying the gasification medium which extends from below into the interior of the reactor. Gas generators are also known in which the supply pipe extends from above into the interior of the reactor.

The aim of these different variants of gasification medium supply is to achieve the most homogeneous gasification area possible in the interior of the reactor in order to convert the fuel supplied from above into fuel gas.

The disadvantage of these known gas generators is that they are designed for a gas output of up to approximately 1 MW and that uniform temperature ranges cannot be set due to an inhomogeneous supply of the gasification media. In the case of the known gas generators, the design of the known gasification medium feed is one reason why they cannot be scaled comparatively easily towards larger gas outputs.

Task and advantages of the invention

The invention is based on the object of providing an improved gas generator which, in particular in comparison to known gas generators, has a higher gas output and/or which has an improved gasification medium supply, by means of which gas generators according to the invention can be realized with a comparatively higher gas output. For example, the invention is based on the object of realizing a gas generator with a scalable gasification medium supply.

The problem is solved by the features of claim 1.

Advantageous and expedient embodiments of the invention are specified in the dependent claims.

The invention is based on a gas generation module for producing gas from a carbon-containing fuel, the gas generation module having a reactor module, the reactor module enclosing a reactor cavity, the gas generation module having at least one fuel supply, the gas generation module having at least one supply unit for a gasification medium, wherein the feed unit has at least one feed pipe, the feed pipe being arranged on the reactor module in such a way that the gasification medium can be fed into the reactor cavity in the direction of gravity via the feed pipe, the feed pipe having a longitudinal axis.

For example, the fuel has a proportion of biomass. For example, the biomass is wood, wood chips and/or grass. It is also conceivable that a portion of the fuel consists of industrial waste such as paper, cardboard, wood and/or similar material. For example, the fuel contains a proportion of sewage sludge, plastics, straw and/or digestate. It is conceivable that the fuel is in the form of Compacts are present. For example, the compacts have the shape of pellets or brickets. For example, the compacts are cylindrical. It is conceivable that the compacts have external dimensions between 4mm and 60mm, for example between 6mm and 50mm. The use of compacts with a smaller diameter or a larger diameter is also conceivable, but is comparatively inefficient.

The gasification medium has, for example, a portion of air, a portion of oxygen and/or a portion of water vapor. It is also conceivable that the gasification medium has other substances or elements. For example, the composition of the gasification medium is tailored to the fuel and the gas generation module. It is conceivable that a composition of the gasification medium can be adjusted during a gasification process.

For example, the gas generation module is designed as a wood gasifier. For example, the gas generation module is designed as a direct current gasifier.

For example, the reactor module is designed as a hollow body. For example, the reactor module has a length, a height and a width. For example, the reactor module extends in its vertical extension along the direction of gravity. It is conceivable that the reactor module extends with its length and width transversely to the vertical extension. For example, the vertical extension direction, the width extension direction and the longitudinal extension direction of the reactor module are each transverse to one another, e.g. perpendicular to one another. It is conceivable that the reactor module is designed like a hollow cylinder. For example, the reactor module is present as a hollow cylinder. In the case that the reactor module is present as a hollow cylinder, it is conceivable that the reactor module has a circular base area. Other shapes of the reactor module are also conceivable. It is conceivable that the reactor module has an angular base area, e.g. in the form of a square, in the form of a pentagon or in the form of a hexagon. For example, the reactor module is located in its base area along the length and width of the reactor module. For example, the reactor module has a top, a bottom and a reactor shell. It is conceivable that the top, the bottom and the reactor shell are connected to one another. For example, the top, the bottom and the reactor shell are connected to one another in an airtight and/or gas-tight manner.

For example, the fuel supply is formed on the top of the reactor module. For example, the fuel supply includes a lock system by means of which fuel can be introduced into the interior of the reactor module. It is conceivable that the lock system is designed in such a way that an airtight seal of the reactor module to the outside is ensured when fuel is introduced into the interior. The fuel supply lock system ensures a reliable gasification process inside the reactor module even while additional fuel is being fed into the inside of the reactor module.

For example, the reactor module has an ash discharge unit or coal discharge unit on the underside. It is conceivable that the ash discharge unit comprises an airtight lock system, by means of which the ash and/or coal produced inside the reactor module from the fuel during the gasification process can be discharged from the reactor module. The lock system of the ash discharge unit ensures a process-reliable gasification process inside the reactor module even while ash is being discharged from the inside of the reactor module. For example, the gas generation module has at least one grate, for example a grating, in the reactor module. This makes it possible, for example, to automatically separate ash and fuel.

It is also conceivable that a fill level sensor is present on the reactor module in order to determine a fill level of fuel inside the reactor module. This allows a continuous Gasification process of fuel inside the reactor module can be ensured.

For example, the feed pipe is arranged on the top of the reactor module. For example, the reactor module has an upper part on the top. It is conceivable that the feed pipe penetrates the upper part of the reactor module. For example, the feed pipe has a first end, the first end being inside the reactor module. It is conceivable that the first end of the feed pipe is slightly spaced from the top and bottom of the reactor module. For example, the feed pipe is hollow on the inside so that the gasification medium can be fed into the interior of the reactor module through the feed pipe. For example, the gasification medium is fed through the feed pipe in the direction of gravity from above - starting from the top - into the interior of the reactor module - e.g. in the direction of the bottom of the reactor module. For example, the longitudinal axis of the feed pipe extends along the vertical extension of the reactor module, e.g. the longitudinal axis of the feed pipe is aligned parallel to a vertical extension of the reactor module. For example, the feed pipe is round. It is also conceivable that the feed pipe is angular around its circumference. For example, the longitudinal axis of the feed pipe is present as an axis of symmetry of the feed pipe.

The essential aspect of the invention is seen in the fact that the feed unit has an outlet element, wherein the outlet element has at least two outlet openings through which the gasification medium can enter the reactor cavity, wherein the at least two outlet openings, starting from the feed pipe, have different distances from the longitudinal axis of the feed pipe in a direction transverse to the longitudinal axis of the feed pipe. This makes it possible to realize a comparatively homogeneous gasification area in the gas generation module. For example, this makes it possible to realize a gas generation module, in which the gas output of the gas generation module can be scaled by flexible adjustment of the supply unit.

For example, the outlet openings are spaced apart in the width and/or longitudinal direction of the reactor module. However, it is also conceivable that the outlet openings are spaced apart in the height direction of the reactor module. For example, the at least two outlet openings, starting from the feed pipe, have different distances from the longitudinal axis of the feed pipe in the radial direction and/or in the direction of the reactor module wall. It is conceivable that there are several outlet openings. For example, there are 2, 3, 4, 10, 20, 30, 40, 50, 100, 200, 500, 600, 700, 800, 900, 1000, 1100, 1200, 1300, 1400, 1500 or more outlet openings. For example, there are 400 exhaust ports. It is conceivable that the gas generation module has between 2 and 1500 outlet openings, between 200 and 1000 outlet openings or between 300 and 700 outlet openings.

For example, the supply pipe is connected to the outlet element so that the gasification medium can be guided from the supply pipe to the outlet element. For example, the outlet element is directly connected to the supply pipe. It is conceivable that the outlet element has a cavity. It is also conceivable that the outlet element is hollow. For example, the supply pipe is directly connected to the outlet element in a gas-tight manner.

For example, an outlet opening is present as a bore and/or an opening on the outlet element. It is conceivable that the outlet opening has a nozzle. It is conceivable that the outlet opening is designed as a nozzle. For example, an outlet opening is provided on the outlet element such that the gasification medium can exit from the interior of the outlet element through the outlet opening into the interior of the reactor cavity. It is also conceivable that each outlet opening is present on the outlet element in such a way that the gasification medium from Interior of the outlet element can exit through the outlet opening into the interior of the reactor cavity.

It is also conceivable that different types of outlet openings are present. For example, a first outlet opening has a larger opening diameter than a second outlet opening. This makes it conceivable that different flow rates of gasification medium can emerge through the different outlet openings, whereby a comparatively homogeneous gasification area can be achieved.

For example, the reactor jacket is designed to be completely closed around the circumference. It is conceivable that the reactor jacket completely surrounds the reactor cavity. For example, the reactor jacket has no openings through which reaction elements, for example a gasification medium or a fuel, can enter the interior of the reactor module or exit from the interior of the reactor module. However, it is conceivable that the reactor jacket has mounting openings in order to attach sensors to the reactor jacket, for example a fill level and/or a temperature sensor. It is conceivable that there are several level and/or temperature sensors. For example, the mounting openings are designed to be gas-tight, so that both in the arranged state of a sensor at the mounting opening and when no sensor is arranged at the mounting opening, the reactor jacket and in particular the mounting openings are designed to be gas-tight and therefore continuously closed on the circumference. For example, there are between 1 and 50 temperature sensors, between 2 and 40 temperature sensors, between 4 and 30 temperature sensors or between 10 and 20 temperature sensors. It is conceivable that there are 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, 40 or 50 temperature sensors.

For example, the temperature sensor is designed to control a movement of the feed unit in order to introduce the gasification medium into a corresponding temperature zone in a targeted manner. For example, the temperature sensors are designed to control a Movement of the feed unit is designed to introduce the gasification medium into a corresponding temperature zone.

It is conceivable that the gas generation module has at least one outlet for product gas and/or combustion products. For example, the outlet is formed on the upper part of the reactor module. However, it is conceivable that the outlet is at the bottom. It is conceivable that the gas generation module has an induced draft system in order to extract the product gas and/or combustion product from the interior of the reactor module. For example, the induced draft system has a suction fan. For example, the product gas and/or combustion product is a synthesis gas. For example, the synthesis gas is also called syngas.

It is further proposed that the outlet element extends along an outlet plane within the reactor module, with the outlet openings being present in an area around the outlet plane. This makes it possible to achieve a comparatively homogeneous gasification area in the reactor module.

For example, the outlet plane of the reactor module extends in the length and width of the reactor module. For example, the outlet plane inside the reactor module is limited by the reactor shell. For example, the outlet element and/or the outlet openings are arranged in a horizontal plane. For example, the outlet openings are spaced apart from one another along the outlet plane, with the outlet openings being distributed within the reactor cavity.

It is also proposed that the feed unit has two or more feed tubes, which are spaced apart from one another in a direction transverse to the longitudinal axes of the feed tubes. This makes it possible to achieve a comparatively refined control of the supply of the gasification medium into the interior of the reactor module.

It is conceivable that the two or more supply pipes are designed differently from one another. For example, a first feed tube has a smaller cross-section inside than a second feed tube, etc. It is also conceivable that a first feed tube group comprising one, two or more first feed tubes and / or a second feed tube group comprising two or more second feed tubes is present. For example, there is a single first feed pipe. It is conceivable that there are two or more second supply pipes. For example, a third feed tube group comprising third feed tubes is present. For example, a third feed pipe has a larger internal cross section than a second feed pipe. It is conceivable that the second supply pipes have the same cross-section inside. It is also conceivable that the third supply pipes have the same cross-section inside. It is conceivable that the second feed tube group has two or three second feed tubes. For example, the third feed tube group has three third feed tubes.

For example, the supply unit has a first supply pipe group and a second supply pipe group. It is conceivable that the first and second supply pipe groups each have one, two, three or more supply pipes. It is also conceivable that both the first and second supply pipe groups have one, two, three or more outlet elements. For example, each outlet element has several outlet openings. It is also conceivable that the outlet elements of the various supply pipe groups or the outlet elements of a supply pipe group are designed differently from one another. It is also conceivable that the outlet openings of the outlet elements of a supply pipe group are designed differently from one another. It is also conceivable that the outlet openings of the outlet elements of a supply pipe group are designed the same, e.g. identically.

For example, the first and second feed pipe groups are movably mounted on the upper part of the reactor module. For example, one feed pipe or all feed pipes of the first feed pipe group and/or the second feed pipe group are movably mounted on the upper part of the reactor module.

It is further proposed that an outlet element of the first feed pipe group is movable relative to an outlet element of the second feed pipe group. As a result, a distance between the outlet element of the first feed pipe group and the outlet element of the second feed pipe group can be adjusted. For example, this makes it possible to adjust a distance along a longitudinal axis of the first and/or the second feed pipe group, for example a longitudinal axis of a feed pipe of the first and/or the second feed pipe group, between the outlet element of the first feed pipe group and the outlet element of the second feed pipe group. For example, all outlet elements of the first feed pipe group are movable relative to all outlet elements of the second feed pipe group. It is conceivable that the outlet elements of the first feed pipe group are present together, for example at the same time, in a movable manner. For example, the outlet elements of the second feed pipe group are present together, for example simultaneously, in a movable manner.

During a gasification process of the fuel, various reaction zones form in the reactor cavity within the reactor module. For example, a drying zone, a pyrolysis zone, an oxidation zone and/or a reduction zone can form. For example, the reaction zones form in the following order, starting from the upper part towards the lower part of the reactor module: drying zone, pyrolysis zone, oxidation zone, reduction zone.

In the drying zone, for example, there is a temperature of around 200°C during the gasification process. This causes water and volatile substances to escape from the fuel Component. For example, in the pyrolysis zone there are temperatures between 200°C and 700°C. For example, the fuel is decomposed in the pyrolysis zone. For example, this predominantly produces hydrocarbons. For example, temperatures of up to 1200°C can be found in the oxidation zone. In the oxidation zone, combustion of the fuel and the reaction products takes place, with fuel components being split or oxidized into carbon dioxide and water. For example, the heat for the pyrolysis zone and the drying zone is generated in the oxidation zone, which rises upwards into the two zones mentioned due to thermodynamic processes. In the reduction zone, for example, there are temperatures between 500°C and 700°C. In the reduction zone, the carbon dioxide and water produced are converted into carbon monoxide and hydrogen (H2).

For example, an outlet element of the first feed tube group is arranged in the oxidation zone. For example, all outlet elements of the first feed tube group are located in the oxidation zone. It is also conceivable that an outlet element of the second feed tube group is arranged in the pyrolysis zone. For example, all outlet elements of the second feed tube group are arranged in the pyrolysis zone. For example, an outlet element of the first feed tube group is arranged in the oxidation zone and spaced along the longitudinal axis of the feed tube from an outlet element of the second feed tube group. This improves the mode of operation or efficiency of the gas generation module.

It is also proposed that the outlet element be tubular. This makes the outlet element relatively easy and inexpensive to manufacture.

It is conceivable that the outlet element is a spiral-shaped bent tube. For example, the spirally bent pipe along a plane. However, it is also conceivable that the spirally bent pipe extends along a surface of a funnel or cone. For example, there is an outlet element in the form of a torus. For example, there are two, three or more outlet elements. It is also conceivable that the outlet element extends in a star-like manner from the feed pipe in a plane away from the feed pipe. For example, the outlet element is star-shaped.

It is also conceivable that the outlet element is present and the outlet openings are arranged on the outlet element in such a way that the outlet openings are present along a lateral surface of a funnel or cone. For example, the outlet openings are arranged in a funnel shape or cone shape. For example, the outlet openings are arranged along an envelope of a funnel or an envelope of a cone. For example, the funnel or the cone is present such that a diameter of the funnel or a cone diameter increases in the direction of gravity. It is also conceivable that the outlet openings are arranged along a circular area or along an annular area.

It is also proposed that the feed unit has two outlet levels, with the outlet openings each being present in an area around one of the two outlet levels. For example, the outlet openings are each located in one of the two outlet levels. It is also conceivable that there are three or more outlet levels. This makes it possible to achieve a uniform distribution of the gasification medium inside the reactor module. For example, the outlet levels are spaced apart in the direction of gravity or along the longitudinal axis of the feed pipe.

It is further proposed that the outlet element has outlet openings directed downwards or diagonally downwards. This advantageously prevents the outlet openings from becoming blocked prevented. For example, the downward-facing exhaust ports are oriented towards the bottom. For example, the downward-facing exhaust ports are open in the direction of gravity.

For example, the outlet element is designed like a torus and first outlet openings are present on the torus-like outlet element on an underside of the torus-like outlet element. For example, the first outlet openings are arranged along a first outlet plane. For example, the torus-like outlet element has second outlet openings. For example, the second outlet openings of the toroidal outlet element are arranged along a second outlet plane. For example, the first outlet openings are spaced apart from one another. For example, the second outlet openings are spaced apart from one another. For example, the first and second outlet planes are spaced apart along the longitudinal axis of the feed pipe.

For example, the outlet element is circular in cross section and a first outlet opening is formed at the bottom in a top view of the circular cross section, for example at 6 o'clock or 180°, and a second outlet opening, together with a center point of the cross section, forms an angle with the first outlet opening from 15° to 40°, e.g. an angle of 20° to 35°.

It is also proposed that the outlet element be movable in a vertical direction. This makes it possible to regulate the gasification process.

For example, the outlet element is movable towards the bottom or away from the bottom. For example, the outlet element is movable together with the supply pipe. It is conceivable that the feed pipe is mounted on the upper part of the reactor module so that it can move along its longitudinal axis. For example, the feed unit has one Drive, wherein the drive is designed to move the feed unit, the feed pipe and / or the outlet element. As a result, the gas generation module can be adapted to different fuels and/or to different sizes of the reactor module.

As a rule, different temperature zones are formed in the gas generation module during gas generation. For example, the temperature zones can be adjusted and/or regulated due to the possibility of adjusting the height of the supply pipe and thus adjusting the height of the outlet element.

It is also conceivable that the feed pipe is designed to be telescopic. For example, the feed pipe comprises a first feed pipe element and a second feed pipe element, wherein the first feed pipe element is mounted displaceably relative to the second feed pipe element, so that a change in the length of the feed pipe can be realized by a relative movement of the first to the second feed pipe element. For example, the feed pipe is telescopic. For example, the first to the second feed pipe element is displaceable along the longitudinal axis of the feed pipe.

For example, the feed unit has a plurality of feed tubes, each of the plurality of feed tubes being movably mounted on the upper part of the reactor module. It is conceivable that the feed unit has a guide element, with the plurality of feed tubes being connected to the guide element, so that a positioning of the feed tubes relative to one another, for example a spacing of the feed tubes relative to one another, can be specified by the guide element. For example, a positioning of the plurality of feed pipes in a direction transverse to the longitudinal axes of the feed pipes can be specified by the guide element.

It is further proposed that the feed unit is designed to be modular. This opens the gas generation module Different gas performance classes can be adjusted comparatively easily.

For example, depending on the design of the gas generation module, for example depending on the gas output class, the supply unit optionally comprises a first, a second and/or a third supply pipe and/or a first, a second and/or a third outlet element.

Advantageously, the supply unit can be flexibly adapted to the gas output class of the gas generation module by simply attaching the additional elements. It is conceivable, for example, that an additional supply pipe or an additional outlet element can be modularly expanded by a relatively simple assembly, e.g. by plugging it on, screwing it on, welding it on and/or clamping it on. For example, the supply unit already has prepared assembly elements for this purpose. This makes the supply unit relatively easy and flexible to scale.

For example, the supply unit has a valve control and a valve. For example, the valve control is connected to the valve and designed to control the valve. For example, a valve is connected to a supply pipe or group of supply pipes. As a result, a quantity of gasification medium which is supplied to the supply pipe or the supply pipe group can be controlled by the valve control. For example, the valve control is designed to regulate or control a composition of the gasification medium.

It is also proposed that there are three outlet elements and that the three outlet elements are spaced apart from one another. It is also conceivable that two, four, five or more outlet elements are present and the two, four, five or more outlet elements are spaced apart from one another. This makes it possible to achieve a comparatively homogeneous gasification area. For example, two outlet elements are present so that they can move together in the direction of the longitudinal axis of the feed pipe. It is conceivable that two or more outlet elements are present so that they can be moved relative to one another in the direction of the longitudinal axis of the supply pipe.

It is conceivable that a first outlet element is present in the form of a pot, a cuboid or a hemisphere. It is also conceivable that a second and/or a third outlet element is present as a torus or as a ring. For example, the first, the second and/or the third outlet element are present in the outlet plane and the first, the second and/or the third outlet element are spaced apart from one another in the extension of the outlet plane. For example, the first outlet element is located in a center and the second and the third outlet element enclose the first outlet element. It is conceivable that the third outlet element encloses the second outlet element, e.g. in the outlet plane.

For example, an outlet element is present as an annularly bent tube. This makes it comparatively easy and inexpensive to produce.

For example, a first feed pipe or a first feed pipe group is connected to a first outlet element. It is conceivable that a second supply pipe or a second supply pipe group is connected to a second outlet element. It is also conceivable that a third supply pipe or a third supply pipe group is connected to a third outlet element. For example, the first, second and/or third outlet elements are spaced apart from one another. For example, the first, the second and/or the third outlet element are separate elements from one another.

It is also proposed that the feed unit has passage openings. This makes the Gas generation module can be filled with different fuels. It is conceivable that there are two or more passage openings.

For example, a passage opening is ring-shaped, circular segment-like or ring-disk-shaped. It is conceivable that a passage opening spaced an outlet element from another outlet element. For example, the first outlet element is spaced from the second outlet element by a first passage opening. For example, a distance of an outlet element from another outlet element in an extension direction is between 40mm and 240mm; it is conceivable that the distance is between 60mm and 200mm or between 80mm and 180mm. It is conceivable that the distance is 40mm, 50mm, 60mm, 70mm, 80mm, 100mm, 120mm, 140mm, 160mm, 180mm, 190mm, 200mm, 220mm or 240mm.

It is also conceivable that an outlet element has the passage opening. For example, an outlet element has a passage opening in the form of a through opening or a through hole. For example, an outlet element is connected to a supply pipe and another outlet element to another supply pipe and the outlet element is connected to the other outlet element exclusively via the supply pipes.

For example, the passage opening extends in the outlet plane. It is conceivable that the passage opening extends at least in one direction in the outlet plane between 40mm and 240mm or between 60mm and 200mm or between 80mm and 180mm. It is conceivable that the passage opening extends over a distance of 40mm, 50mm, 60mm, 70mm, 80mm, 100mm, 120mm, 140mm, 160mm, 180mm, 190mm, 200mm, 220mm or 240mm in an extension direction of the outlet plane.

For example, the passage opening is designed as an opening through which fuel can pass between the Outlet elements can fall through from top to bottom. It is conceivable that a size of the passage opening is matched to a size of the fuel, so that fuel can pass through the passage opening.

It is also conceivable that the passage opening is funnel-shaped. For example, the passage opening is larger in an upper area than in a lower area. This makes it possible to guide the fuel as it moves through the interior of the reactor module.

It is further proposed that the gas generation module be designed in such a way that a gas output of at least 1MW to 30MW can be achieved. It is conceivable that the gas generation module is designed to generate a gas output of 1MW to 20MW or 1MW to 10MW. It is also conceivable that the gas generation module is designed to generate a gas output of 5WM to 30MW or 10MW to 30MW.

It is conceivable that the reactor module has an internal volume between 0.3m^3 and 25m^3, between 0.5m^3 and 20m^3 or between 1m^3 and 15m^3. For example, the reactor module has an internal volume of 0.3m^3, 0.5m^3, lm^3, 15m^3, 20m^3 or 25m^3.

An exemplary embodiment of the invention is a power plant or gas generation plant with a gas generation module according to one of the previously mentioned designs. For example, the power plant is designed to convert the product gas generated and/or the combustion product generated into heat and/or electricity. For example, the power plant is designed as a combined heat and power plant. For example, the power plant has an engine and/or a turbine for converting the product gas generated and/or the combustion product generated into heat and/or electricity. For example, the gas generation system is designed to supply the product gas generated with the gas generation module and/or the combustion product generated directly into a gas network. It is also conceivable that the gas generation system is designed to separate hydrogen from the product gas generated or from the combustion product generated.

Character description

Several exemplary embodiments are explained in more detail using the drawings below, giving further details and advantages.

Figur 1

in einer schematischen Darstellung ein Kraftwerk mit einem Gaserzeugungsmodul,

Figur 2

das Gaserzeugungsmodul gemäß Figur 1 in einer vergrößerten Darstellung,

Figur 2

eine perspektivische Ansicht von seitlich unten auf eine Zufuhreinheit eines Gaserzeugungsmoduls,

Figur 3

einen Ausschnitt der Zufuhreinheit gemäß Figur 3 in einer vergrößerten Darstellung,

Figur 4

eine schematische Darstellung eines Querschnitts eines weiteren Gaserzeugungsmoduls und

Figur 5

eine schematische Darstellung einer weiteren Variante eines Gaserzeugungsmoduls.

Show it:

Figure 1

in a schematic representation of a power plant with a gas generation module,

Figure 2

the gas generation module according to Figure 1 in an enlarged view,

Figure 2

a perspective view from below of a supply unit of a gas generation module,

Figure 3

a section of the feed unit according to Figure 3 in an enlarged view,

Figure 4

a schematic representation of a cross section of another gas generation module and

Figure 5

a schematic representation of another variant of a gas generation module.

In Figure 1 a power plant 1 is shown. The power plant 1 has a gas generation module 2. It is conceivable that the power plant 1 has an induced draft system 3, a product gas cleaning unit 4 and an engine 5.

In Figure 2 the gas generation module 2 is shown in a schematic representation in a cross section. The gas generation module 2 has a reactor module 6. The reactor module 6 comprises a reactor shell 7 and an upper part 9 on an upper side 8. The upper part 9 is present, for example, as a cover of the reactor module 6. For example, the upper part 9 is connected in a gas-tight manner to the reactor shell 7. The reactor module 6 has an ash discharge unit 11 on a lower side 10. An outlet 12 for the product gas that can be generated in the interior 13 of the reactor module 6 is also formed on the lower side 10. The reactor module 6 encloses a reactor cavity 15. For example, the reactor cavity 15 forms an interior 13 of the reactor module 6.

On the upper part 9 there is a fuel supply 14, by means of which fuel can be fed into the interior 13 in the direction of gravity S to the reactor module 6. For example, the reactor module 6 has a grid 16. For example, the grating 16 is designed such that a fuel compact cannot fall through openings in the grating 16. For example, the grid 16 is designed so that fuel compacts, which can be fed to the reactor cavity 15 via the fuel supply 14, rest on the grid 16.

For example, a shield 17 is provided below the grating 16 on the reactor module 6 so that ash which rains down through the grating 16 in the direction of gravity S does not reach an inlet 18 of the outlet 12 directly. For example, an ash discharge unit 19 is provided on the underside 10 of the reactor module 6.

For example, the reactor module 6 or the reactor jacket 7 extends to a height H, a width B and a length L.

For example, there is a mounting opening 20 on the reactor jacket 7. It is conceivable that a fill level sensor 21 can be arranged at the mounting opening 20 in order to determine the fill level of the fuel in the reactor module 6.

A feed unit 22 is formed on the reactor module 6. The supply unit 22 has a supply pipe 23. The supply pipe 23 extends along a longitudinal axis LA. The further points Supply unit 22 has an outlet element 24. The outlet element 24 is connected to the supply pipe 23 at one end of the supply pipe 23. The feed tube 23 is arranged on the upper part 9 and penetrates the upper part 9, so that a first end 25 of the feed tube 23 is located outside the reactor cavity 15 and a second end 26 of the feed tube 23 is located in the reactor cavity 15. It is conceivable that a drive unit 27 of the feed unit 22 is arranged at the first end 25 of the feed tube 23 in order to adjust the feed tube 23 along the height H or along the direction of gravity S.

In the Figures 3 and 4 a variant of a feed unit 28 is shown. The feed unit 28 has a first feed pipe 29 or a first feed pipe group with a first feed pipe 29. The feed unit 28 also has a second feed pipe group 30 with three second feed pipes 31. The feed unit 28 also has a third feed pipe group 32 with three third feed pipes 33.

The feed pipes 29, 31, 33 are connected to one another via a guide element 34. The guide element 34 is designed to determine a distance between the feed pipes 29, 31, 33.

The first supply pipe 29 is connected to a first outlet element 35. The second supply pipes 31 are connected to a second outlet element 36. The third supply pipes 33 are connected to a third outlet element 37. The outlet elements 35 to 37 each have a plurality of outlet openings 38. The outlet elements 35 to 37 are spaced apart from one another so that passage openings 39, 46 are formed between them. For example, the outlet elements 35 to 37 extend in an outlet plane A. The first outlet element 35 is, for example, cylindrical, e.g., as a cylinder. The second and third outlet elements 36, 37 are, for example, torus-like, e.g., as a torus.

In Figure 5 a further variant of a gas generation module 45 is shown. The gas generation module 45 differs from the gas generation module 2 mainly in the design of the supply unit 40. The supply unit 40 has a single supply pipe 41.

According to Figure 5 that an outlet element 44 or several outlet elements are connected to a single supply pipe 41. For example, in this case, at the lower second end 42 of the supply pipe 41, the supply pipe 41 branches off with supply pipe branches 43 to the respective outlet element 44 ( Figure 5 ).

It would also be conceivable that the two or more outlet elements are connected to one another at least in sections. In this case, it would be conceivable that a single outlet element is connected directly to one feed pipe and the gasification medium can be passed on from the feed pipe via the outlet element connected to the feed pipe to the other outlet elements (not shown). A disadvantage of such an embodiment, however, could be that a gas flow of the gasification medium is comparatively difficult to control.

In Figure 5 a further variant of a gas generation module 47 is shown. The gas generation module 47 has a reactor module 48 with a reactor jacket 49. A feed unit 50 is formed within the reactor module 48 and has two outlet levels 51, 52. For this purpose, the gas generation module 47 has, for example, two outlet elements 53, 54, with one outlet element 53, 54 being designed to extend in an outlet plane 51, 52. Each outlet element 53, 54 has outlet openings 55. For example, each of the outlet elements 53, 54 is connected to at least two of the supply pipes 56 to 59. For example, the outlet elements 53, 54 are movable in a longitudinal extent L of the supply pipes 56 to 59. For example, there is a drive 60, by means of which the supply pipes 56 to 59 can be moved along the longitudinal extension L. It is conceivable here that the outlet element 53 is movable independently of the outlet element 54 or that both outlet elements 53, 54 are movable together.

For example, the outlet elements 53, 54 are ring-shaped. It is also conceivable that the outlet elements 53, 54 are ring-shaped and have the same or different ring diameters. This makes it easier to control the movement of the two outlet elements 53, 54. <u>List of reference symbols</u> 1 power plant 35 Outlet element 2 Gas generation module 36 Outlet element 3 Induced draft system 37 Outlet element 4 Product gas cleaning unit 38 Outlet opening 39 Passage opening 5 engine 40 Feed unit 6 Reactor module 41 Supply pipe 7 Reactor shell 42 End 8th Top 43 Supply pipe branch 9 Top 44 Outlet element 10 bottom 45 Gas generation module 11 Ash discharge unit 46 Passage opening 12 Outlet 47 Gas generation module 13 Inner 48 Reactor module 14 Fuel supply 49 Reactor shell 15 Reactor cavity 50 Feed unit 16 Grating 51 Outlet level 17 Sign 52 Outlet level 18 Entrance 53 Outlet element 19 Ash discharge unit 54 Outlet element 20 Mounting opening 55 Outlet opening 21 Level sensor 56 Inlet pipe 22 Feed unit 57 Inlet pipe 23 Supply pipe 58 Inlet pipe 24 Outlet element 59 Supply pipe 25 End 26 End 27 Drive unit 28 Feed unit 29 Inlet pipe 30 Supply pipe group 31 Supply pipes 32 Supply pipe group 33 Supply pipe 34 Guide element

Claims (13)

Gas generation module (2, 45) for producing gas from carbon-containing fuel, the gas generation module (2, 45) having a reactor module (6), the reactor module (6) enclosing a reactor cavity (15), the gas generation module (2, 45) has at least one fuel supply (14), the gas generation module (2, 45) having at least one supply unit (22, 40) for a gasification medium, the supply unit (22, 40) having at least one supply pipe (23, 41), the supply pipe (23, 41) is arranged on the reactor module (6) in such a way that the gasification medium can be fed into the reactor cavity (15) in the direction of gravity via the feed pipe (23, 41), the feed pipe (23, 41) having a longitudinal axis, thereby characterized in that the feed unit (22, 40) has an outlet element (24, 44), the outlet element (24, 44) having at least two outlet openings (38) at which the gasification medium can enter the reactor cavity (15), the at least two outlet openings (38) starting from the supply pipe (23, 41) in a direction transverse to the longitudinal axis of the supply pipe (23, 41) have different distances from the longitudinal axis of the supply pipe (23, 41). Gas generation module (2, 45) according to claim 1, characterized in that the outlet element (24, 44) extends along an outlet plane within the reactor module (6), wherein the outlet openings (38) are present in a region around the outlet plane. Gas generation module (2, 45) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the supply unit (22, 40) has two or more supply pipes (23, 29, 31, 33, 41) which are transverse to the longitudinal axes of the supply pipes (23, 29, 31, 33, 41) are present spaced apart from one another. Gas generation module (2, 45) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the supply unit has a first supply pipe group and a second supply pipe group, wherein the first supply pipe group has one, two or more supply pipes, wherein the second supply pipe group has one, two or more supply pipes, wherein the first supply pipe group has an outlet element, wherein the second supply pipe group has an outlet element, wherein an outlet element of the first supply pipe group is movable relative to an outlet element of the second supply pipe group in the direction of a longitudinal axis of a supply pipe. Gas generation module (2, 45) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the outlet element (24, 44) is tubular. Gas generation module (2, 45) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the supply unit (22, 40) has two outlet levels, the outlet openings (38) each being present in an area around one of the two outlet levels. Gas generation module (2, 45) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the outlet element (24, 44) has outlet openings (38) directed downwards. Gas generation module (2, 45) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the outlet element (24, 44) is movable in a vertical direction. Gas generation module (2, 45) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the supply unit (22, 40) is modular. Gas generation module (2, 45) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that three outlet elements (35 - 37) are present and the three outlet elements (35 - 37) are spaced apart from one another. Gas generation module (2, 45) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the supply unit (22, 40) has passage openings (39, 46). Gas generation module (2, 45) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the gas generation module (2, 45) is designed such that a gas output of at least 1MW to 30MW can be achieved. Power plant (1) or gas generation plant with a gas generation module (2, 45) according to one of the preceding claims.

Images