EP4328171A1 - Arrangement of a lock and an anchor for forming a lifting connection and corresponding lock and anchor - Google Patents
Arrangement of a lock and an anchor for forming a lifting connection and corresponding lock and anchor Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP4328171A1 EP4328171A1 EP22191383.3A EP22191383A EP4328171A1 EP 4328171 A1 EP4328171 A1 EP 4328171A1 EP 22191383 A EP22191383 A EP 22191383A EP 4328171 A1 EP4328171 A1 EP 4328171A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- anchor
- section
- pin
- lock
- anchor head
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
- 238000003780 insertion Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 121
- 230000037431 insertion Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 121
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010009 beating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000295 complement effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003116 impacting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003801 milling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000035939 shock Effects 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
- B66C—CRANES; LOAD-ENGAGING ELEMENTS OR DEVICES FOR CRANES, CAPSTANS, WINCHES, OR TACKLES
- B66C1/00—Load-engaging elements or devices attached to lifting or lowering gear of cranes or adapted for connection therewith for transmitting lifting forces to articles or groups of articles
- B66C1/10—Load-engaging elements or devices attached to lifting or lowering gear of cranes or adapted for connection therewith for transmitting lifting forces to articles or groups of articles by mechanical means
- B66C1/42—Gripping members engaging only the external or internal surfaces of the articles
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
- B66C—CRANES; LOAD-ENGAGING ELEMENTS OR DEVICES FOR CRANES, CAPSTANS, WINCHES, OR TACKLES
- B66C1/00—Load-engaging elements or devices attached to lifting or lowering gear of cranes or adapted for connection therewith for transmitting lifting forces to articles or groups of articles
- B66C1/10—Load-engaging elements or devices attached to lifting or lowering gear of cranes or adapted for connection therewith for transmitting lifting forces to articles or groups of articles by mechanical means
- B66C1/62—Load-engaging elements or devices attached to lifting or lowering gear of cranes or adapted for connection therewith for transmitting lifting forces to articles or groups of articles by mechanical means comprising article-engaging members of a shape complementary to that of the articles to be handled
- B66C1/66—Load-engaging elements or devices attached to lifting or lowering gear of cranes or adapted for connection therewith for transmitting lifting forces to articles or groups of articles by mechanical means comprising article-engaging members of a shape complementary to that of the articles to be handled for engaging holes, recesses, or abutments on articles specially provided for facilitating handling thereof
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
- B66C—CRANES; LOAD-ENGAGING ELEMENTS OR DEVICES FOR CRANES, CAPSTANS, WINCHES, OR TACKLES
- B66C1/00—Load-engaging elements or devices attached to lifting or lowering gear of cranes or adapted for connection therewith for transmitting lifting forces to articles or groups of articles
- B66C1/10—Load-engaging elements or devices attached to lifting or lowering gear of cranes or adapted for connection therewith for transmitting lifting forces to articles or groups of articles by mechanical means
- B66C1/62—Load-engaging elements or devices attached to lifting or lowering gear of cranes or adapted for connection therewith for transmitting lifting forces to articles or groups of articles by mechanical means comprising article-engaging members of a shape complementary to that of the articles to be handled
- B66C1/66—Load-engaging elements or devices attached to lifting or lowering gear of cranes or adapted for connection therewith for transmitting lifting forces to articles or groups of articles by mechanical means comprising article-engaging members of a shape complementary to that of the articles to be handled for engaging holes, recesses, or abutments on articles specially provided for facilitating handling thereof
- B66C1/663—Load-engaging elements or devices attached to lifting or lowering gear of cranes or adapted for connection therewith for transmitting lifting forces to articles or groups of articles by mechanical means comprising article-engaging members of a shape complementary to that of the articles to be handled for engaging holes, recesses, or abutments on articles specially provided for facilitating handling thereof for containers
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
- B66C—CRANES; LOAD-ENGAGING ELEMENTS OR DEVICES FOR CRANES, CAPSTANS, WINCHES, OR TACKLES
- B66C1/00—Load-engaging elements or devices attached to lifting or lowering gear of cranes or adapted for connection therewith for transmitting lifting forces to articles or groups of articles
- B66C1/10—Load-engaging elements or devices attached to lifting or lowering gear of cranes or adapted for connection therewith for transmitting lifting forces to articles or groups of articles by mechanical means
- B66C1/62—Load-engaging elements or devices attached to lifting or lowering gear of cranes or adapted for connection therewith for transmitting lifting forces to articles or groups of articles by mechanical means comprising article-engaging members of a shape complementary to that of the articles to be handled
- B66C1/66—Load-engaging elements or devices attached to lifting or lowering gear of cranes or adapted for connection therewith for transmitting lifting forces to articles or groups of articles by mechanical means comprising article-engaging members of a shape complementary to that of the articles to be handled for engaging holes, recesses, or abutments on articles specially provided for facilitating handling thereof
- B66C1/666—Load-engaging elements or devices attached to lifting or lowering gear of cranes or adapted for connection therewith for transmitting lifting forces to articles or groups of articles by mechanical means comprising article-engaging members of a shape complementary to that of the articles to be handled for engaging holes, recesses, or abutments on articles specially provided for facilitating handling thereof for connection to anchor inserts embedded in concrete structures
Definitions
- the invention further relates to a related lock and a related anchor.
- Lifting connections are used to connect an item to be lifted to a lifting tool, such as a crane or a boom, for the purpose of lifting and/or securing.
- a lifting tool such as a crane or a boom
- the lifting device To connect the lifting device to the goods to be lifted, it has an opening, an eyelet or an attachment point.
- detachable anchor-lock connections are known, for example from the German design DE 40 2017 100 332-0005 (Individual parts DE 40 2017 100 332-0003 and - 0004).
- a lock is connected to the lifting tool, which has an elongated hole.
- the elongated hole has areas of different clear width along its longitudinal extent: in an insertion section, the elongated hole has a larger clear width than in an adjoining holding section.
- the insertion section is usually in a plane with the holding section.
- An anchor is provided to complement such a lock.
- the anchor is formed by a tenon and an anchor head adjoining the tenon.
- the lifting load - the lifting equipment, possibly with the goods to be lifted - is connected to the pin.
- the anchor head projects beyond the pin in at least one direction transverse to the longitudinal extent of the pin; it is approximately thicker than the tenon.
- the elongated hole of the lock has a cross section that is so large that the anchor head can be guided through the cross section in an insertion position.
- the cross section of the anchor head facing the insertion section in the insertion position is smaller than the cross section of the insertion section so that it can be passed through; the cross section of the anchor head fits into the cross section of the insertion section.
- the anchor head is arranged in a clearly defined position relative to the lock in the insertion position.
- the cross section of the insertion section is normally so large that the inserted anchor can be rotated about the longitudinal axis of the pin by at least an angular amount.
- the anchor head is no longer inside the elongated hole, but behind the elongated hole from the insertion perspective; it protrudes from the slot.
- the diameter of the cross section of the insertion section is therefore at least partially larger than the largest diameter of the area of the pin that is rotated within the insertion section.
- the elongated hole has a smaller clear width, so that insertion of the anchor head is not possible here.
- the anchor head In order to bring the anchor into its position of use, it is moved according to the previously known prior art - after the anchor head has been inserted into the insertion section of the elongated hole - into the holding section, where it rests against the material surrounding the elongated hole on one side of the through the
- the opening provided in the slot is supported in a form-fitting manner.
- the pin protrudes through the elongated hole, so that the part of the pin subjected to the lifting load is arranged on the other side of the opening.
- the anchor is moved back into the insertion section and removed from the lock in the insertion position.
- Such locks are usually designed in such a way that the insertion section is arranged above the holding section (above in the direction of gravity), so that the anchor falls into its position of use due to its weight and is thus secured in the holding section. If there is a constant tensile load, this usually also points downwards, so that the lock is prevented from coming loose under load.
- Such an application occurs when the lifting connection is used to secure the goods to be lifted and the goods are primarily lifted via another lifting mechanism instead of via the lifting connection;
- the lifting connection is then used secondary and only takes effect if the first lifting connection fails. It is particularly problematic when used as a secondary connection if a vibrating movement or a beating movement is transmitted from the goods to be lifted to the anchor.
- Such applications occur on construction sites, for example with pile drivers. Sheet piles to be driven into the ground are first lifted by a leader, then gripped with a ramming tool and driven into the ground. The lifting a sheet pile wall from a lying position is usually done by connecting the sheet pile wall via a chain to a stop point near the ramming tool on the leader.
- the object of the invention is to propose an improved lifting connection which ensures greater safety even in the latter application.
- a further object of the invention is to provide a corresponding anchor and a corresponding lock, which tasks are solved by claims 12 and 13, respectively.
- the core of the invention is that the cross section of the anchor head and, corresponding to it, the cross section of the insertion section of the elongated hole are designed in such a way that when the anchor is rotated in the insertion area by a certain angular amount, approximately 90 °, the anchor is placed in a locking position in which the anchor head engages behind the elongated hole and is supported on the material surrounding the elongated hole and is additionally ensured is that in normal use the anchor is and remains in the locked position.
- the anchor head In order to remove the anchor from the lock, it must not only be moved from the holding section back into the insertion section, but also rotated by the angular amount about the longitudinal axis of the pin so that the cross section of the anchor head corresponds in shape to the cross section of the elongated hole in the insertion section . If the anchor head, the pin and the elongated hole are appropriately tolerated, it is very unlikely that the lifting connection will come loose purely on the basis of impacting or vibrating movements without consciously loosening it, so that the safety of the lifting connection is increased.
- the cross section of the elongated hole in the insertion section is larger than the cross section of the anchor head pointing towards the insertion section in the insertion position and smaller than the cross section of the anchor head pointing towards the insertion section in a blocking position rotated about the longitudinal axis of the pin relative to the insertion position.
- the thickness of the anchor head usually differs from its width in the corresponding cross section.
- the pin In the insertion position, the pin typically points in the direction in which the anchor is inserted into the insertion section. This is usually in the normal direction of the surface formed by the opening in the insertion section. The walls of the opening formed by the elongated hole are typically aligned parallel to this.
- the cross section of the anchor head facing the insertion section in the insertion position is rotationally symmetrical. Depending on the number of the cross section (a number of 2 is preferred), there are several positions of the anchor that represent an insertion position.
- the elongated hole has stop means so that the anchor, or rather the anchor head, cannot be rotated in this area about the longitudinal axis of the pin by that angular amount in order to be moved from the locking position into the insertion position.
- the holding section provides a usually straight path along which the anchor can be moved.
- the contour of the elongated hole usually acts as a stop against the non-round pin, which is aligned in the locked position and whose thickness is approximately smaller than its width. Corresponding stops that correspond to the anchor head are also conceivable.
- the shape tolerance between the anchor head cross section in the insertion position and the insertion cross section is proportional to the tolerated angular amount by which the anchor must be rotated in order to be moved from the locking position to the insertion position.
- rotating the anchor about the longitudinal axis of the pin was considered to be particularly effective in securing the lifting connection: with a cross-sectional geometry of the anchor head and a corresponding cross-section of the insertion section with at least one as long as possible, for example along at least 1/2, preferably 2/3
- the straight section shaped by the anchor head diameter causes a small rotation of the anchor about the longitudinal axis of its pin to lock, so that the cross-sectional shape tolerance does not have to be too small in order to still meet the safety requirements.
- an operator is shown in which position the anchor is to be inserted into the insertion section of the elongated hole.
- Curves on the anchor head and/or on the insertion section in the insertion and exit directions can simplify insertion and removal of the anchor into or out of the insertion section.
- the pin has an eye in the thickness direction for introducing load into the anchor.
- a chain link - which is also inextricably connected to the anchor - of a chain which is resistant to wear can engage in the eye when it comes into dynamic contact with an item to be lifted.
- the anchor and any lifting means attached to it are intended to be guided through the lifting opening of the item to be lifted.
- Such an opening usually has an approximately circular cross section with a predetermined minimum diameter. The outer diameter of the anchor and the chain must then be smaller than this minimum diameter.
- the anchor head and the pin each have their largest diameter in the width direction.
- the anchor head is then narrower in the thickness direction than in the width direction, but projects beyond the anchor in this direction, so that support surfaces are provided for supporting the anchor in the holding section.
- Such a compact design supports the transmission of force in the anchor from the load introduction in the pin to the anchor head, since the pin provides space in the width direction for any eye or other means for attaching lifting means for the goods to be lifted and at the same time the force emanating from the introduction of force towards the anchor head is guided straight into the anchor head. Any curves, undercuts or notches are avoided, which could threaten to break under a sudden load. Because the thickness of the anchor head is smaller than its width, the entire space provided for the opening of the goods to be lifted can be used to design the tenon.
- the cross section of the insertion section of the elongated hole to enable the insertion of the anchor head can preferably satisfy at least the following conditions: the anchor head thickness is smaller than the height of the cross section of the insertion section, the anchor head width is smaller than the width of the cross section of the insertion section and the largest The cross-sectional diameter of that area of the pin which penetrates the elongated hole in the insertion section while the anchor is rotated from its insertion position into its locking position is smaller than the smallest diameter of the cross section of the insertion section. So that after turning the anchor If the anchor in the lock is already blocked in the insertion section around the longitudinal axis of the pin, the height of the cross section of the insertion section must be smaller than the anchor head width.
- the height of the cross section of the insertion section must be smaller than the height of the anchor head which is formed by the cross section of the anchor head pointing in the direction of the insertion section when the anchor head is placed in the possible pivoting position in the insertion section.
- the lock is preferably designed as a plate.
- the required contour for the elongated hole can be created particularly easily in a plate, for example by a milling process.
- the walls of the slot are then the front sides of the plate. Large forces and impacts can be absorbed via a plate, although yielding in the event of a sudden load usually does not lead to failure since the moments of resistance in a plate are kept low for this purpose.
- the material surrounding the elongated hole is curved along the longitudinal extent of the elongated hole at least in sections, preferably in the holding area by approximately 90°, about an axis of curvature running transversely to its longitudinal extent. In this way, different directions of load can be addressed; The anchor is then essentially always supported with a contact surface through the elongated hole.
- the surface with which the anchor head is supported on the lock is rounded in a radius following the curvature, which is preferably the same radius as the curvature in the support area of the slot. This ensures optimal force transmission between the anchor head and the material surrounding the elongated hole, even in the curvature, while at the same time the anchor and lock are prevented from jamming when the anchor is moved in the holding section.
- the curvature is provided at the lowest point of the lock during normal operation. If the plate is curved by approximately 90°, the plate can be tilted about the axis of curvature by approximately 10° compared to an exactly vertical or horizontal orientation. The anchor then usually supports itself in this area when it is subjected to a lifting load and lifts it up. The curvature provides a certain degree of flexibility and, for the usual load case, the largest possible contact surface between the anchor and the lock.
- the insertion section is arranged above the holding section, approximately in the area of the lock that is essentially vertically aligned in normal operation.
- gravity is used to increase safety in that the anchor regularly comes to rest in the holding section rather than in the insertion section due to its own weight. If - for example due to a shock or vibration - the anchor gets into the insertion section, this usually only happens for a very short period of time, during which it is unlikely that the anchor will automatically (unintentionally) twist and be pulled out by the load.
- the material of the lock surrounding the elongated hole is tapered in the area of the holding area to form a chamfer facing the elongated hole and the side of the anchor head that is supported on the lock has a slope corresponding to the chamfer, so that under tensile load on the anchor Anchor head aligns itself. If this slope follows the longitudinal direction of the elongated hole in the holding area, self-alignment in the locked position of the anchor is also possible under load.
- Such a bevel is usually several millimeters wide.
- the anchor is a forged part.
- the proposed design of the anchor as a forged part leads to an alignment of the fibers in the material, which promotes a constant flow of force and is therefore particularly stable.
- a forged part is inexpensive to produce.
- Figure 1 shows an arrangement of a lock 1 and two forged anchors 2, 2.1 for each forming a lifting connection
- the second anchor 2.1 is identical to the first anchor 2; the following statements refer to the anchor 2, but apply equally for the second anchor 2.1
- Figure 2 is the corresponding side view.
- the anchor 2a shown in the upper area represents the orientation of the anchor 2 in the insertion position.
- the lock 1 is connected to a lifting tool 4 by means of screws 3, 3.1, 3.2, 3.3 and is made from a plate curved through 90°.
- An exemplary chain link 5, representing a chain (not shown) as a lifting means, is connected to the anchor 2.
- An item to be lifted can be connected to the chain by connecting a hook to the other end of the chain or by connecting the two in Figure 1 anchors 2, 2.1 shown with their respective chain links 5, 5.1 and other chain links, not shown, form a common chain and are guided through an opening in an item to be lifted, not shown.
- the anchor 2 has an anchor head 6 and an adjoining pin 7 (see detailed views of the anchor 2 in Figures 5 to 7 ).
- an eye 8 is provided at the distal end of the pin 7, through which the chain link 5 (not shown in the detailed views) extends.
- the anchor head 6 has a greater thickness KD than the pin 7 (thickness of the pin 7 indicated by ZD) and therefore protrudes beyond the pin 7.
- the surfaces resulting from the difference in thickness and pointing in the longitudinal direction of the anchor 2 serve as support surfaces 9, 9.1, with which the anchor 2 is supported on the lock 1 in a significantly positive manner.
- the cross section of the anchor head 6 is rotationally symmetrical with a count of 2 (see Fig. Figure 7 ).
- the largest diameter of the anchor 2 is its width KB, which is present both in the anchor head 6 and in the adjacent pin 7. In this way, it is possible to align the eye 8 in the thickness direction ZD of the pin 2, so that force can be introduced into the anchor head 6 in a straight path starting from the eye 8.
- the back of lock 1 is in Figure 3 in a three-dimensional view, in Figure 4 shown in a sectional view.
- An elongated hole 10 is milled into the plate forming the lock 1.
- the elongated hole 10 has an insertion section 11 in its essentially vertical section and a holding section 12 adjoining it below it in the same plane.
- the insertion section 11 has a larger width A1 than the holding section 12 (width of the holding section 12 marked A3).
- step 1 Inserting and executing the anchor 2 into the lock 1 is in Figure 10 presented in six steps.
- the anchor 2 is positioned relative to the lock 1 in an insertion position, which is characterized in that the cross section of the anchor head 6 facing the insertion section 11 corresponds to the insertion cross section of the insertion section 11.
- This condition is in a front view Figure 7 shown.
- the cross section of the insertion section 11 is shown in a gray tone. It can be seen that the cross section of the anchor head 6 corresponds to that of the insertion section 11, so that the anchor head 6 can be inserted into the insertion section 11.
- cross section of the insertion section 11 as well as the anchor head 6 has a straight contour (13a, 13b) in the upper region.
- step 2 the Figure 10 the anchor 2 is inserted into the insertion section 11, where in step 3 it moves around the longitudinal axis 15 of the pin 7 (longitudinal axis 15 in Figure 5 shown) is rotated by an angular amount, here 90° (fully rotated in step 4). In this position the anchor 2 is already in its locked position; the cross section of the anchor head 6 is larger than the insertion cross section of the insertion section 11.
- FIG. 8 This condition is also visible in a front view Figure 8 shown.
- the cross section of the insertion section 11 of the elongated hole 10 is shown in a gray tone, the anchor 2 in comparison Figure 7 to the view layer incoming longitudinal axis 15 of the pin 7 rotated by 90 °.
- the cross section of the anchor head 6 overlaps with the cross section of the insertion area 11. It is no longer possible to remove the anchor head 6 from the lock 1; In this blocking position, the anchor head 6 is supported on the material surrounding the elongated hole 10.
- the anchor 2 is moved into the holding section 12.
- the width A3 of the elongated hole 10 in the holding section 12 is so wide that the anchor 2 is held in this area in its locked position; rotating the anchor 2 about the longitudinal axis 15 of the pin 7 - as in the insertion section 11 - is not possible.
- the contour of the elongated hole 10 serves here as a stop means compared to the pin 7, which has a greater width KB than the thickness ZD.
- the anchor head 6 is supported in a form-fitting manner in the tensile load direction on the lock 1 with its support surfaces 9, 9.1 on the material of the lock 1 surrounding the elongated hole 10, as in Figures 1 and 2 to recognize.
- the elongated hole 10 is curved in its holding section 12 following the course of the plate.
- the support surfaces 9, 9.1 also have a radius in the width direction KB of the anchor 2 (see Fig. Figure 5 ).
- the lock 1 is connected to the lifting tool 4 in such a way that, as in Figures 1 and 2 You can see that the lowest point of the castle 1 is the curvature.
- the anchor 2 When lifting an item, the anchor 2 usually automatically pulls itself into this curvature, where it has a maximum contact surface due to its rounded support surfaces 9, 9.1.
- the material surrounding the elongated hole 10 is tapered in the holding section 12 by a chamfer 14 (also in Figure 4 to recognize).
- the support surfaces 9, 9.1 of the anchor 2 are beveled accordingly for line contact between lock 1 and anchor 2 (see Fig. Figure 7 ).
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Abstract
Offenbart ist eine Anordnung mit einem Schloss 1 und mit einem Anker 2, 2.1 zum Ausbilden einer Hebeverbindung zum Heben einer an den Anker 2, 2.1 angeschlossenen Hebelast,- wobei der Anker 2, 2.1 einen an eine Hebelast anschließbaren Zapfen 7 und einen sich an den Zapfen 7 anschließenden, den Zapfen 7 quer zu seiner Längserstreckung 15 überragenden Ankerkopf 6 aufweist,- wobei das Schloss 1 ein Langloch 10 mit einem Einführabschnitt 11 und mit einem sich an den Einführabschnitt 11 anschließenden, in seiner lichten Weite A1, A3 von dem Einführabschnitt 11 unterscheidenden Halteabschnitt 12 aufweist, wobei das Langloch 10 in seinem Einführabschnitt 11 einen Querschnitt aufweist, der so groß ist, dass der Ankerkopf 6 in einer Einführstellung durch diesen hindurchführbar und der in den Einführabschnitt 11 eingeführte Anker 2, 2.1 um die Längsachse 15 des Zapfens 7 um einen Winkelbetrag drehbar ist.Besonderes Kennzeichen ist, dass- der Einführabschnitt 11 einen Querschnitt aufweist, der so klein ist, dass der Ankerkopf 6 in einer gegenüber der Einführstellung um die Längsachse 15 des Zapfens 7 um einen bestimmten Winkelbetrag gedrehten Sperrstellung nicht aus dem Einführabschnitt 11 herausführbar ist, da der Ankerkopf 6 das Langloch 10 zumindest abschnittsweise 10 hintergreift und- das Schloss 1 mit dem Anker 2, 2.1 korrespondierende Anschlagmittel bereitstellt, dass der Anker 2, 2.1 lediglich in seiner Sperrstellung in den Halteabschnitt 12 verschiebbar ist und, wenn darin eingeführt, nicht um die Längsachse 15 des Zapfens 7 um den Winkelbetrag in die Einführstellung zurückstellbar ist.Disclosed is an arrangement with a lock 1 and with an anchor 2, 2.1 for forming a lifting connection for lifting a lifting load connected to the anchor 2, 2.1, - the anchor 2, 2.1 having a pin 7 that can be connected to a lifting load and a pin 7 that can be connected to the Pin 7 has an anchor head 6 adjoining the pin 7 transversely to its longitudinal extent 15, - the lock 1 has an elongated hole 10 with an insertion section 11 and with an adjoining the insertion section 11, in its clear width A1, A3 from the insertion section 11 distinguishing holding section 12, the elongated hole 10 in its insertion section 11 having a cross section which is so large that the anchor head 6 can be passed through it in an insertion position and the anchor 2, 2.1 inserted into the insertion section 11 can be moved around the longitudinal axis 15 of the pin 7 is rotatable by an angular amount. A special characteristic is that the insertion section 11 has a cross section which is so small that the anchor head 6 cannot move out of the insertion section in a blocking position which is rotated by a certain angular amount relative to the insertion position about the longitudinal axis 15 of the pin 7 11 can be led out, since the anchor head 6 engages behind the elongated hole 10 at least in sections 10 and - the lock 1 provides sling means corresponding to the anchor 2, 2.1, so that the anchor 2, 2.1 can only be moved into the holding section 12 in its locked position and, when in it introduced, cannot be returned to the insertion position about the longitudinal axis 15 of the pin 7 by the angular amount.
Description
Die Erfindung betrifft eine Anordnung mit einem Schloss und mit einem Anker zum Ausbilden einer Hebeverbindung zum Heben einer an den Anker angeschlossenen Hebelast,
- wobei der Anker einen an eine Hebelast anschließbaren Zapfen und einen sich an den Zapfen anschließenden, den Zapfen quer zu seiner Längserstreckung überragenden Ankerkopf aufweist,
- wobei das Schloss ein Langloch mit einem Einführabschnitt und mit einem sich an den Einführabschnitt anschließenden, in seiner lichten Weite von dem Einführabschnitt unterscheidenden Halteabschnitt aufweist, wobei das Langloch in seinem Einführabschnitt einen Querschnitt aufweist, der so groß ist, dass der Ankerkopf in einer Einführstellung durch diesen hindurchführbar und der in den Einführabschnitt eingeführte Anker um die Längsachse des Zapfens um einen Winkelbetrag drehbar ist,
- wherein the anchor has a pin that can be connected to a lifting load and an anchor head that adjoins the pin and projects beyond the pin transversely to its longitudinal extent,
- wherein the lock has an elongated hole with an insertion section and with a holding section adjoining the insertion section and differing in its clear width from the insertion section, the elongated hole having a cross section in its insertion section which is so large that the anchor head passes through in an insertion position this can be passed through and the anchor inserted into the insertion section can be rotated by an angular amount about the longitudinal axis of the pin,
Die Erfindung betrifft des Weiteren ein diesbezügliches Schloss und einen diesbezüglichen Anker.The invention further relates to a related lock and a related anchor.
Hebeverbindungen werden eingesetzt, um ein zu hebendes Gut mit einem Hebewerkzeug, etwa einem Kran oder einem Ausleger, zum Zwecke des Hebens und/oder der Sicherung zu verbinden. Zum Anschließen des Hebemittels an dem zu hebenden Gut verfügt dasselbe etwa über eine Durchbrechung, eine Öse oder einen Anschlagpunkt.Lifting connections are used to connect an item to be lifted to a lifting tool, such as a crane or a boom, for the purpose of lifting and/or securing. To connect the lifting device to the goods to be lifted, it has an opening, an eyelet or an attachment point.
Zum Anschließen des Hebemittels an dem Hebewerkzeug sind lösbare Anker-Schlossverbindungen bekannt, etwa durch das deutsche Design
Komplementär zu einem solchen Schloss ist ein Anker bereitgestellt. Der Anker wird gebildet durch einen Zapfen und einen sich an den Zapfen anschließenden Ankerkopf. Die Hebelast - das Hebemittel, ggf. mit dem zu hebenden Gut - ist an den Zapfen angeschlossen. Der Ankerkopf ragt in zumindest eine Richtung quer zur Längserstreckung des Zapfens über den Zapfen hinaus; er weist etwa eine größere Dicke auf als der Zapfen.An anchor is provided to complement such a lock. The anchor is formed by a tenon and an anchor head adjoining the tenon. The lifting load - the lifting equipment, possibly with the goods to be lifted - is connected to the pin. The anchor head projects beyond the pin in at least one direction transverse to the longitudinal extent of the pin; it is approximately thicker than the tenon.
In dem Einführabschnitt weist das Langloch des Schlosses einen Querschnitt auf, der so groß ist, dass der Ankerkopf in einer Einführstellung durch den Querschnitt hindurchführbar ist. Der in der Einführstellung zu dem Einführabschnitt weisende Querschnitt des Ankerkopfes ist für die Hindurchführbarkeit kleiner als der Querschnitt des Einführabschnittes; der Querschnitt des Ankerkopfes passt in den Querschnitt des Einführabschnitt. Der Ankerkopf ist gegenüber dem Schloss in der Einführstellung in einer eindeutig bestimmten Position angeordnet.In the insertion section, the elongated hole of the lock has a cross section that is so large that the anchor head can be guided through the cross section in an insertion position. The cross section of the anchor head facing the insertion section in the insertion position is smaller than the cross section of the insertion section so that it can be passed through; the cross section of the anchor head fits into the cross section of the insertion section. The anchor head is arranged in a clearly defined position relative to the lock in the insertion position.
Der Querschnitt des Einführabschnittes ist normalerweise ferner so groß, dass der eingeführte Anker um die Längsachse des Zapfens zumindest um einen Winkelbetrag drehbar ist. Der Ankerkopf ist während des Drehens nicht mehr innerhalb des Langloches, sondern aus Einführsicht hinter dem Langloch; er ragt aus dem Langloch heraus. Der Querschnitt des Einführabschnittes ist in seinem Durchmesser somit zumindest abschnittsweise größer als der größte Durchmesser des Bereiches des Zapfens, der innerhalb des Einführabschnittes gedreht wird.The cross section of the insertion section is normally so large that the inserted anchor can be rotated about the longitudinal axis of the pin by at least an angular amount. During rotation, the anchor head is no longer inside the elongated hole, but behind the elongated hole from the insertion perspective; it protrudes from the slot. The diameter of the cross section of the insertion section is therefore at least partially larger than the largest diameter of the area of the pin that is rotated within the insertion section.
In dem Halteabschnitt weist das Langloch dagegen eine kleinere lichte Weite auf, sodass ein Einführen des Ankerkopfes hier nicht möglich ist.In the holding section, however, the elongated hole has a smaller clear width, so that insertion of the anchor head is not possible here.
Um den Anker in seine Benutzungsposition zu bringen, wird er gemäß dem vorbekannten Stand der Technik - nachdem der Ankerkopf in den Einführabschnitt des Langlochs eingeführt wurde - in den Halteabschnitt verschoben, wo er sich gegen das das Langloch umgebende Material auf der einen Seite der durch das Langloch bereitgestellten Durchbrechung formschlüssig abstützt. Der Zapfen ragt durch das Langloch hindurch, sodass der mit der Hebelast beaufschlagte Teil des Zapfens auf der anderen Seite der Durchbrechung angeordnet ist.In order to bring the anchor into its position of use, it is moved according to the previously known prior art - after the anchor head has been inserted into the insertion section of the elongated hole - into the holding section, where it rests against the material surrounding the elongated hole on one side of the through the The opening provided in the slot is supported in a form-fitting manner. The pin protrudes through the elongated hole, so that the part of the pin subjected to the lifting load is arranged on the other side of the opening.
Zum Lösen der Hebeverbindung wird der Anker wieder in den Einführabschnitt verschoben und in der Einführstellung aus dem Schloss herausgenommen.To release the lifting connection, the anchor is moved back into the insertion section and removed from the lock in the insertion position.
Solche Schlösser sind üblicherweise in einer Weise ausgestaltet, dass der Einführabschnitt oberhalb des Halteabschnittes (oberhalb in Gravitationsrichtung) angeordnet ist, sodass der Anker bereits durch seine Gewichtskraft in seine Benutzungsposition fällt und so im Halteabschnitt gesichert ist. Liegt eine konstante Zugbelastung an, weist diese üblicherweise ebenfalls nach unten, sodass unter Last jedenfalls ein Lösen des Schlosses verhindert ist.Such locks are usually designed in such a way that the insertion section is arranged above the holding section (above in the direction of gravity), so that the anchor falls into its position of use due to its weight and is thus secured in the holding section. If there is a constant tensile load, this usually also points downwards, so that the lock is prevented from coming loose under load.
Problematisch bei diesen vorbekannten Schlössern ist ein Anwendungsfall, bei dem keine konstante Zugbelastung auf den Zapfen wirkt, durch die der Anker in dem Halteabschnitt gehalten ist.The problem with these previously known locks is an application in which there is no constant tensile load acting on the pin, through which the anchor is held in the holding section.
Ein solcher Anwendungsfall liegt vor, wenn die Hebeverbindung zur Sicherung des zu hebenden Gutes genutzt wird und das Gut statt über die Hebeverbindung primär über einen anderen Hebemechanismus angehoben wird; die Hebeverbindung ist dann sekundär eingesetzt und greift nur, wenn die erste Hebeverbindung versagt. Besonders problematisch bei der Nutzung als sekundäre Verbindung ist es, wenn eine Vibrationsbewegung oder eine schlagende Bewegung von dem zu hebenden Gut auf den Anker übertragen wird. Solche Anwendungsfälle treten etwa auf Baustellen auf, etwa bei Rammen. In den Boden zu rammende Spundwände werden zunächst durch einen Mäkler angehoben, anschließend mit einem Rammwerkzeug gegriffen und in den Boden eingetrieben. Das Hochheben einer Spundwand aus einer liegenden Position erfolgt üblicherweise durch ein Verbinden der Spundwand über eine Kette mit einem Anschlagpunkt in der Nähe des Rammwerkzeuges an dem Mäkler. Erst wenn die Spundwand in eine senkrechte Stellung angehoben ist, greift das Rammwerkzeug die Spundwand und treibt diese in den Boden ein. Während des Eintreibens soll die Verbindung zwischen Spundwand und Anschlagpunkt an dem Mäkler aufrechterhalten werden, um die Spundwand zu sichern, sollte sich die Spundwand ungewollt von dem Rammwerkzeug lösen.Such an application occurs when the lifting connection is used to secure the goods to be lifted and the goods are primarily lifted via another lifting mechanism instead of via the lifting connection; The lifting connection is then used secondary and only takes effect if the first lifting connection fails. It is particularly problematic when used as a secondary connection if a vibrating movement or a beating movement is transmitted from the goods to be lifted to the anchor. Such applications occur on construction sites, for example with pile drivers. Sheet piles to be driven into the ground are first lifted by a leader, then gripped with a ramming tool and driven into the ground. The lifting a sheet pile wall from a lying position is usually done by connecting the sheet pile wall via a chain to a stop point near the ramming tool on the leader. Only when the sheet pile wall is raised into a vertical position does the ramming tool grab the sheet pile wall and drive it into the ground. During driving, the connection between the sheet pile wall and the anchor point on the leader should be maintained in order to secure the sheet pile wall should the sheet pile wall unintentionally become detached from the ramming tool.
Aufgabe der Erfindung ist es vor diesem Hintergrund, eine verbesserte Hebeverbindung vorzuschlagen, die eine höhere Sicherheit auch in dem letztgenannten Anwendungsfall gewährleistet.Against this background, the object of the invention is to propose an improved lifting connection which ensures greater safety even in the latter application.
Gelöst wird diese Aufgabe durch eine eingangs genannte, gattungsgemäße Anordnung eines Schlosses und eines Ankers, wobei
- der Einführabschnitt einen Querschnitt aufweist, der so klein ist, dass der Ankerkopf in einer gegenüber der Einführstellung um die Längsachse des Zapfens um einen bestimmten Winkelbetrag gedrehten Sperrstellung nicht aus dem Einführabschnitt herausführbar ist, da der Ankerkopf in der Sperrstellung das Langloch zumindest abschnittsweise hintergreift und
- das Schloss mit dem Anker korrespondierende Anschlagmittel bereitstellt, dass der Anker lediglich in seiner Sperrstellung in den Halteabschnitt verschiebbar ist und, wenn darin eingeführt, nicht um die Längsachse des Zapfens um den Winkelbetrag in die Einführstellung zurückstellbar ist.
- the insertion section has a cross section which is so small that the anchor head cannot be moved out of the insertion section in a locking position rotated by a certain angular amount relative to the insertion position about the longitudinal axis of the pin, since the anchor head engages behind the elongated hole at least in sections in the locking position and
- the lock provides sling means corresponding to the anchor, so that the anchor can only be moved into the holding section in its blocking position and, when inserted therein, cannot be returned to the insertion position about the longitudinal axis of the pin by the angular amount.
Vorteilhafte Ausgestaltungen ergeben sich aus den abhängigen Ansprüchen und der Beschreibung.Advantageous refinements result from the dependent claims and the description.
Weitere Aufgabe der Erfindung ist es, einen entsprechenden Anker sowie ein entsprechendes Schloss anzugeben, welche Aufgaben durch die Ansprüche 12, bzw. 13 gelöst werden.A further object of the invention is to provide a corresponding anchor and a corresponding lock, which tasks are solved by
Kern der Erfindung ist es, dass der Querschnitt des Ankerkopfes und dazu korrespondierend der Querschnitt des Einführabschnittes des Langloches so ausgestaltet sind, dass schon bei einem Verdrehen des Ankers in dem Einführbereich um einen bestimmten Winkelbetrag, etwa 90°, der Anker in eine Sperrstellung gestellt wird, in der der Ankerkopf das Langloch hintergreift und sich an dem das Langloch umgebenden Material abstützt und zusätzlich sichergestellt ist, dass in einer üblichen Benutzung der Anker in der Sperrstellung steht und verbleibt. So muss zum Ausführen des Ankers aus dem Schloss dieses nicht nur von dem Halteabschnitt zurück in den Einführabschnitt verschoben, sondern zusätzlich um den Winkelbetrag um die Längsachse des Zapfens gedreht werden, damit der Querschnitt des Ankerkopfes zu dem Querschnitt des Langloches im Einführabschnitt in seiner Form korrespondiert. Bei einer entsprechenden Tolerierung des Ankerkopfes, des Zapfens und des Langloches ist es sehr unwahrscheinlich, dass ohne ein bewusstes Lösen der Hebeverbindung diese sich rein auf Basis von schlagenden oder vibrierenden Bewegungen gelöst wird, sodass die Sicherheit der Hebeverbindung erhöht ist.The core of the invention is that the cross section of the anchor head and, corresponding to it, the cross section of the insertion section of the elongated hole are designed in such a way that when the anchor is rotated in the insertion area by a certain angular amount, approximately 90 °, the anchor is placed in a locking position in which the anchor head engages behind the elongated hole and is supported on the material surrounding the elongated hole and is additionally ensured is that in normal use the anchor is and remains in the locked position. In order to remove the anchor from the lock, it must not only be moved from the holding section back into the insertion section, but also rotated by the angular amount about the longitudinal axis of the pin so that the cross section of the anchor head corresponds in shape to the cross section of the elongated hole in the insertion section . If the anchor head, the pin and the elongated hole are appropriately tolerated, it is very unlikely that the lifting connection will come loose purely on the basis of impacting or vibrating movements without consciously loosening it, so that the safety of the lifting connection is increased.
Zum Bereitstellen der Sperrstellung ist der Querschnitt des Langloches im Einführabschnitt größer als der zu dem Einführabschnitt weisende Querschnitt des Ankerkopfes in der Einführstellung und kleiner als der zu dem Einführabschnitt weisende Querschnitt des Ankerkopfes in einer gegenüber der Einführstellung um die Längsachse des Zapfens gedrehten Sperrstellung. Um beide Stellungen bereitzustellen unterscheidet sich die Dicke des Ankerkopfes üblicherweise von seiner Breite in dem entsprechenden Querschnitt.To provide the blocking position, the cross section of the elongated hole in the insertion section is larger than the cross section of the anchor head pointing towards the insertion section in the insertion position and smaller than the cross section of the anchor head pointing towards the insertion section in a blocking position rotated about the longitudinal axis of the pin relative to the insertion position. To provide both positions, the thickness of the anchor head usually differs from its width in the corresponding cross section.
In der Einführstellung weist der Zapfen typischerweise in die Richtung, in die der Anker in den Einführabschnitt eingeführt wird. Dies ist üblicherweise in Normalenrichtung der durch die Durchbrechung in dem Einführabschnitt gebildeten Fläche. Parallel hierzu sind typischerweise die Wände der durch das Langloch gebildeten Durchbrechung ausgerichtet. Für ein einfaches Einführen ist bevorzugt vorgesehen, dass der in der Einführstellung zu dem Einführabschnitt weisende Querschnitt des Ankerkopfes rotationssymmetrisch ist. Je nachdem welche Zähligkeit der Querschnitt hat (bevorzugt ist eine Zähligkeit von 2), bestehen mehrere Stellungen des Ankers, die eine Einführstellung darstellen.In the insertion position, the pin typically points in the direction in which the anchor is inserted into the insertion section. This is usually in the normal direction of the surface formed by the opening in the insertion section. The walls of the opening formed by the elongated hole are typically aligned parallel to this. For easy insertion, it is preferably provided that the cross section of the anchor head facing the insertion section in the insertion position is rotationally symmetrical. Depending on the number of the cross section (a number of 2 is preferred), there are several positions of the anchor that represent an insertion position.
In dem Halteabschnitt weist das Langloch Anschlagmittel auf, dass der Anker, respektive der Ankerkopf in diesem Bereich nicht um die Längsachse des Zapfens um denjenigen Winkelbetrag drehbar ist, um von der Sperrstellung in die Einführstellung gestellt zu werden. Durch den Halteabschnitt ist eine üblicherweise gerade Bahn, entlang der der Anker verschoben werden kann, bereitgestellt. Üblicherweise wirkt die Kontur des Langloches als Anschlag gegen den in Sperrstellung ausgerichteten, unrunden Zapfen, dessen Dicke etwa kleiner ist als seine Breite. Denkbar sind auch entsprechende Anschläge, die mit dem Ankerkopf korrespondieren.In the holding section, the elongated hole has stop means so that the anchor, or rather the anchor head, cannot be rotated in this area about the longitudinal axis of the pin by that angular amount in order to be moved from the locking position into the insertion position. The holding section provides a usually straight path along which the anchor can be moved. The contour of the elongated hole usually acts as a stop against the non-round pin, which is aligned in the locked position and whose thickness is approximately smaller than its width. Corresponding stops that correspond to the anchor head are also conceivable.
Die Formtoleranz zwischen dem Ankerkopfquerschnitt in Einführstellung und Einführquerschnitt ist proportional zum tolerierten Winkelbetrag, um den der Anker gedreht werden muss, um von der Sperrstellung in die Einführstellung verbracht zu werden. Insbesondere das Drehen des Ankers um die Längsachse des Zapfens wurde als besonders effektiv bei der Sicherung der Hebeverbindung angesehen: Bei einer Querschnittsgeometrie des Ankerkopfes und dazu korrespondierend des Querschnittes des Einführabschnittes mit zumindest einem möglichst langen, etwa entlang zumindest 1/2, bevorzugt 2/3 des Ankerkopfdurchmessers geformten geraden Abschnitt bewirkt eine kleine Drehung des Ankers um die Längsachse seines Zapfens bereits ein Sperren, sodass die Querschnittsformtoleranz nicht zu klein sein muss, um dennoch den Sicherheitsanforderungen zu genügen. Zudem wird bei dieser Ausgestaltung einem Bediener angezeigt, in welcher Stellung der Anker in den Einführabschnitt des Langloches einzuführen ist.The shape tolerance between the anchor head cross section in the insertion position and the insertion cross section is proportional to the tolerated angular amount by which the anchor must be rotated in order to be moved from the locking position to the insertion position. In particular, rotating the anchor about the longitudinal axis of the pin was considered to be particularly effective in securing the lifting connection: with a cross-sectional geometry of the anchor head and a corresponding cross-section of the insertion section with at least one as long as possible, for example along at least 1/2, preferably 2/3 The straight section shaped by the anchor head diameter causes a small rotation of the anchor about the longitudinal axis of its pin to lock, so that the cross-sectional shape tolerance does not have to be too small in order to still meet the safety requirements. In addition, in this embodiment, an operator is shown in which position the anchor is to be inserted into the insertion section of the elongated hole.
Rundungen am Ankerkopf und/oder an dem Einführabschnitt in Ein- und Ausführrichtung können ein Ein- und Ausführen des Ankers in bzw. aus dem Einführabschnitt vereinfachen.Curves on the anchor head and/or on the insertion section in the insertion and exit directions can simplify insertion and removal of the anchor into or out of the insertion section.
Bevorzugt ist vorgesehen, dass der Zapfen in Dickenrichtung ein Auge zur Lasteinleitung in den Anker aufweist. In das Auge kann als Beispiel eines Hebemittels ein Kettenglied - durchaus auch unlösbar mit dem Anker verbunden - einer Kette eingreifen, welche resistent gegen Verschleiß ist, wenn diese in dynamischen Kontakt mit einem zu hebenden Gut kommt.It is preferably provided that the pin has an eye in the thickness direction for introducing load into the anchor. As an example of a lifting device, a chain link - which is also inextricably connected to the anchor - of a chain which is resistant to wear can engage in the eye when it comes into dynamic contact with an item to be lifted.
Für ein besonders einfaches Anschlagen eines zu hebenden Gutes kann vorgesehen sein, dass der Anker und ein etwaig daran befestigtes Hebemittel dazu vorgesehen sind, durch die Hebedurchbrechung des zu hebenden Gutes hindurchgeführt zu werden. Eine solche Durchbrechung hat üblicherweise einen etwa kreisrunden Querschnitt mit einem vorbestimmten Minimaldurchmesser. Der Anker als auch die Kette müssen in ihrem Außendurchmesser dann kleiner als dieser Minimaldurchmesser sein.For a particularly simple attachment of an item to be lifted, it can be provided that the anchor and any lifting means attached to it are intended to be guided through the lifting opening of the item to be lifted. Such an opening usually has an approximately circular cross section with a predetermined minimum diameter. The outer diameter of the anchor and the chain must then be smaller than this minimum diameter.
Vor diesem Hintergrund ist bevorzugt vorgesehen, dass der Ankerkopf und der Zapfen ihren jeweils größten Durchmesser in Breitenrichtung aufweisen. In Dickenrichtung ist der Ankerkopf dann schmaler als in Breitenrichtung, überragt in dieser Richtung aber den Anker, sodass Abstützflächen zum Abstützen des Ankers im Halteabschnitt bereitgestellt sind. Eine solche kompakte Ausgestaltung unterstützt die Kraftdurchleitung in dem Anker von der Lasteinleitung in dem Zapfen hin zum Ankerkopf, da der Zapfen in Breitenrichtung Raum für ein etwaiges Auge oder sonstiges Mittel zum Anschlagen von Hebemitteln für das zu hebende Gut bereitstellt wird und gleichzeitig die Kraft ausgehend von der Krafteinleitung hin zu dem Ankerkopf auf geradem Wege in den Ankerkopf geleitet wird. Etwaige Rundungen, Hinterschnitte oder Kerben werden vermieden, welche bei einer schlagartigen Belastung zu brechen drohen. Dadurch, dass der Ankerkopf in seiner Dicke kleiner als in seiner Breite ist, kann der gesamte zur Verfügung gestellte Raum der Durchbrechung des zu hebenden Gutes für die Gestaltung des Zapfens genutzt werden.Against this background, it is preferably provided that the anchor head and the pin each have their largest diameter in the width direction. The anchor head is then narrower in the thickness direction than in the width direction, but projects beyond the anchor in this direction, so that support surfaces are provided for supporting the anchor in the holding section. Such a compact design supports the transmission of force in the anchor from the load introduction in the pin to the anchor head, since the pin provides space in the width direction for any eye or other means for attaching lifting means for the goods to be lifted and at the same time the force emanating from the introduction of force towards the anchor head is guided straight into the anchor head. Any curves, undercuts or notches are avoided, which could threaten to break under a sudden load. Because the thickness of the anchor head is smaller than its width, the entire space provided for the opening of the goods to be lifted can be used to design the tenon.
In dieser Ausgestaltung des Ankerkopfes kann der Querschnitt des Einführabschnittes des Langloches zum Ermöglichen des Einführens des Ankerkopfes bevorzugt zumindest folgenden Bedingungen genügen: Die Ankerkopfdicke ist kleiner als die Höhe des Querschnittes des Einführabschnittes, die Ankerkopfbreite ist kleiner als die Weite des Querschnittes des Einführabschnittes und der größte Querschnittsdurchmesser desjenigen Bereichs des Zapfens, der das Langloch in dem Einführabschnitt durchdringt während der Anker von seiner Einführstellung in seine Sperrstellung gedreht wird, ist kleiner als der kleinste Durchmesser des Querschnittes des Einführabschnittes. Damit nach einem Drehen des Ankers um die Längsachse des Zapfens der Anker in dem Schloss auch im Einführabschnitt bereits blockiert ist, muss die Höhe des Querschnittes des Einführabschnittes kleiner sein als die Ankerkopfbreite.In this embodiment of the anchor head, the cross section of the insertion section of the elongated hole to enable the insertion of the anchor head can preferably satisfy at least the following conditions: the anchor head thickness is smaller than the height of the cross section of the insertion section, the anchor head width is smaller than the width of the cross section of the insertion section and the largest The cross-sectional diameter of that area of the pin which penetrates the elongated hole in the insertion section while the anchor is rotated from its insertion position into its locking position is smaller than the smallest diameter of the cross section of the insertion section. So that after turning the anchor If the anchor in the lock is already blocked in the insertion section around the longitudinal axis of the pin, the height of the cross section of the insertion section must be smaller than the anchor head width.
Ist vorgesehen, dass der Anker, wenn im Einführabschnitt angeordnet, in Sperrstellung in Richtung der Längserstreckung des Langloches verschwenkt werden kann, muss die Höhe des Querschnittes des Einführabschnittes kleiner sein als diejenige Ankerkopfhöhe, die durch den in Richtung des Einführabschnittes weisenden Querschnittes des Ankerkopfes gebildet wird, wenn der Ankerkopf im Einführabschnitt in die mögliche Schwenkstellung gestellt ist.If it is intended that the anchor, when arranged in the insertion section, can be pivoted in the locked position in the direction of the longitudinal extent of the elongated hole, the height of the cross section of the insertion section must be smaller than the height of the anchor head which is formed by the cross section of the anchor head pointing in the direction of the insertion section when the anchor head is placed in the possible pivoting position in the insertion section.
Bevorzugt ist das Schloss als Platte ausgebildet. In eine Platte kann die erforderliche Kontur für das Langloch besonders einfach eingebracht werden, etwa durch einen Fräsprozess. Die Wände des Langloches sind dann Stirnseiten der Platte. Über eine Platte können große Kräfte und Schläge aufgenommen werden, wobei ein Nachgeben bei einer schlagartigen Belastung üblicherweise nicht zu einem Versagen führt, da die Widerstandsmomente in einer Platte hierfür günstig gering gehalten sind.The lock is preferably designed as a plate. The required contour for the elongated hole can be created particularly easily in a plate, for example by a milling process. The walls of the slot are then the front sides of the plate. Large forces and impacts can be absorbed via a plate, although yielding in the event of a sudden load usually does not lead to failure since the moments of resistance in a plate are kept low for this purpose.
Es kann vorgesehen sein, dass das das Langloch umgebende Material entlang der Längserstreckung des Langloches zumindest abschnittsweise, bevorzugt im Haltebereich um bevorzugt etwa 90°, um eine quer zu seiner Längserstreckung verlaufenden Krümmungsachse gekrümmt ist. So kann auf unterschiedliche Belastungsrichtungen eingegangen werden; der Anker ist dann im Wesentlichen immer mit einer Kontaktfläche durch das Langloch abgestützt.It can be provided that the material surrounding the elongated hole is curved along the longitudinal extent of the elongated hole at least in sections, preferably in the holding area by approximately 90°, about an axis of curvature running transversely to its longitudinal extent. In this way, different directions of load can be addressed; The anchor is then essentially always supported with a contact surface through the elongated hole.
Für eine optimale Anlage des Ankerkopfes an dem Langloch auch in der Krümmung kann vorgesehen sein, dass die Fläche, mit der sich der Ankerkopf an dem Schloss abstützt, der Krümmung folgend in einem Radius gerundet ist, der bevorzugt den gleichen Radius wie die Krümmung im Abstützbereich des Langlochs aufweist. So ist auch in der Krümmung eine optimale Kraftübertragung zwischen Ankerkopf und dem das Langloch umgebenden Material gesichert, gleichzeitig ist ein Verklanken von Anker und Schloss beim Verschieben des Ankers im Halteabschnitt vermieden.For optimal contact of the anchor head on the elongated hole, even in the curvature, it can be provided that the surface with which the anchor head is supported on the lock is rounded in a radius following the curvature, which is preferably the same radius as the curvature in the support area of the slot. This ensures optimal force transmission between the anchor head and the material surrounding the elongated hole, even in the curvature, while at the same time the anchor and lock are prevented from jamming when the anchor is moved in the holding section.
Weiter bevorzugt ist vorgesehen, dass die Krümmung im üblichen Betrieb an dem tiefsten Punkt des Schlosses vorgesehen ist. Ist die Platte etwa um 90° gekrümmt, kann eine Verkippung der Platte um die Krümmungsachse von etwa 10° gegenüber einer exakt senkrechten bzw. horizontalen Ausrichtung vorgesehen sein. Dann stützt sich der Anker in diesem Bereich üblicherweise ab, wenn er mit einer Hebelast beaufschlagt wird und diese hochhebt. Durch die Krümmung ist eine gewisse Gelenkigkeit und für den üblichen Lastfall eine möglichst große Anlagefläche zwischen Anker und Schloss bereitgestellt.It is further preferred that the curvature is provided at the lowest point of the lock during normal operation. If the plate is curved by approximately 90°, the plate can be tilted about the axis of curvature by approximately 10° compared to an exactly vertical or horizontal orientation. The anchor then usually supports itself in this area when it is subjected to a lifting load and lifts it up. The curvature provides a certain degree of flexibility and, for the usual load case, the largest possible contact surface between the anchor and the lock.
Typischerweise ist der Einführabschnitt oberhalb des Halteabschnittes angeordnet, etwa in dem Bereich des Schlosses, der im üblichen Betrieb im wesentlich senkrecht ausgerichtet ist. Auf diese Weise wird die Gravitation zur Erhöhung der Sicherheit genutzt, indem der Anker regelmäßig durch sein Eigengewicht nicht im Einführabschnitt, sondern im Halteabschnitt zu liegen kommt. Sollte - etwa durch einen Schlag oder Vibration - der Anker in den Einführabschnitt gelangen, so erfolgt dies üblicherweise nur für einen sehr kurzen Zeitraum, in dem es unwahrscheinlich ist, dass der Anker sich selbsttätig (ungewollt) verdreht und durch die Last herausgezogen wird.Typically, the insertion section is arranged above the holding section, approximately in the area of the lock that is essentially vertically aligned in normal operation. In this way, gravity is used to increase safety in that the anchor regularly comes to rest in the holding section rather than in the insertion section due to its own weight. If - for example due to a shock or vibration - the anchor gets into the insertion section, this usually only happens for a very short period of time, during which it is unlikely that the anchor will automatically (unintentionally) twist and be pulled out by the load.
Weiter bevorzugt ist vorgesehen, dass das das Langloch umgebende Material des Schlosses im Bereich des Halteberichs zum dem Langloch weisend eine Fase ausbildend verjüngt ist und die sich an dem Schloss abstützende Seite des Ankerkopfes entsprechend der Fase jeweils eine Schräge aufweist, sodass unter Zugbelastung des Ankers der Ankerkopf sich selbsttätig ausrichtet. Folgt diese Schräge der Längsrichtung des Langloches im Haltebereich, ist hierdurch unter Last auch eine Selbstausrichtung in Sperrstellung des Ankers möglich. Üblicherweise ist eine solche Fase mehrere Millimeter breit.It is further preferred that the material of the lock surrounding the elongated hole is tapered in the area of the holding area to form a chamfer facing the elongated hole and the side of the anchor head that is supported on the lock has a slope corresponding to the chamfer, so that under tensile load on the anchor Anchor head aligns itself. If this slope follows the longitudinal direction of the elongated hole in the holding area, self-alignment in the locked position of the anchor is also possible under load. Such a bevel is usually several millimeters wide.
In bevorzugter Ausgestaltung ist der Anker ein Schmiedeteil. Die vorgeschlagene Ausgestaltung des Ankers als Schmiedeteil führt zu einer Ausrichtung der Fasern in dem Material, die einen stetigen Kraftfluss fördert und daher besonders stabil ist. Zudem ist ein Schmiedeteil günstig in der Herstellung.In a preferred embodiment, the anchor is a forged part. The proposed design of the anchor as a forged part leads to an alignment of the fibers in the material, which promotes a constant flow of force and is therefore particularly stable. In addition, a forged part is inexpensive to produce.
Die Erfindung wird anhand der beiliegenden Figuren näher erläutert. Es zeigen:
- Fig. 1:
- Eine erfindungsgemäße Anordnung mit einem Schloss und einem Anker zum Ausbilden einer Hebeverbindung, wobei das Schloss an einem Hebewerkzeug angeschlagen ist,
- Fig. 2:
- eine Seitenansicht der in
dargestellten Hebeverbindung,Figur 1 - Fig. 3:
- eine Rückansicht des Schlosses in einer 3-dimensionalen Ansicht,
- Fig. 4:
- eine geschnittene Rückansicht des Schlosses,
- Fig. 5:
- eine Draufsicht des Ankers,
- Fig. 6:
- eine Schnittansicht des Ankers gem. des Schnittes A-A in
,Figur 5 - Fig. 7:
- eine Frontansicht des Ankers mit eingeblendetem Querschnitt des Einführabschnittes, der Anker in der Einführstellung,
- Fig. 8:
- eine Frontansicht des Ankers mit eingeblendetem Querschnitt des Einführabschnittes, der Anker in der Sperrstellung,
- Fig. 9:
- die
Schnittansicht gemäß Figur 6 mit eingeblendetem Querschnitt des Einführabschnittes, der Anker in der Sperrstellung und - Fig. 10:
- eine Abfolge von Darstellungen während des Einführens des Ankers in das Schloss.
- Fig. 1:
- An arrangement according to the invention with a lock and an anchor for forming a lifting connection, the lock being attached to a lifting tool,
- Fig. 2:
- a side view of the in
Figure 1 lifting connection shown, - Fig. 3:
- a rear view of the castle in a 3-dimensional view,
- Fig. 4:
- a cut rear view of the castle,
- Fig. 5:
- a top view of the anchor,
- Fig. 6:
- a sectional view of the anchor according to section AA in
Figure 5 , - Fig. 7:
- a front view of the anchor with a superimposed cross section of the insertion section, the anchor in the insertion position,
- Fig. 8:
- a front view of the anchor with a superimposed cross section of the insertion section, the anchor in the locked position,
- Fig. 9:
- the sectional view according to
Figure 6 with a displayed cross section of the insertion section, the anchor in the locked position and - Fig. 10:
- a sequence of representations during the insertion of the anchor into the lock.
Der Anker 2 verfügt über einen Ankerkopf 6 und einen sich daran anschließenden Zapfen 7 (s. Detailansichten des Ankers 2 in
Insbesondere in
Der größte Durchmesser des Ankers 2 ist seine Breite KB, die sowohl im Ankerkopf 6 als auch im sich daran anschließenden Zapfen 7 gegeben ist. Auf diese Weise besteht die Möglichkeit das Auge 8 in Dickenrichtung ZD des Zapfens 2 auszurichten, sodass eine Krafteinleitung in den Ankerkopf 6 ausgehend von dem Auge 8 auf geradem Wege erfolgen kann.The largest diameter of the
Die Rückseite des Schlosses 1 ist in
Das Einführen und Ausführen des Ankers 2 in das Schloss 1 ist in
Dieser Zustand ist in einer Frontansicht in
In dieser Ansicht ist auch zu erkennen, dass der Querschnitt des Einführabschnittes 11 wie auch der Ankerkopf 6 im oberen Bereich eine gerade Kontur (13a, 13b) aufweist.In this view it can also be seen that the cross section of the
In Schritt 2 der
Dieser Zustand ist auch in einer Frontansicht in
Auch wenn der Anker 2 gegenüber der in
In den Schritten 5 und 6 wird der Anker 2 in den Halteabschnitt 12 verschoben. Die Weite A3 des Langloches 10 im Halteabschnitt 12 ist so weit, dass der Anker 2 in seiner Sperrstellung in diesem Bereich gehalten ist; ein Drehen des Ankers 2 um die Längsachse 15 des Zapfens 7 - wie im Einführabschnitt 11 - ist nicht möglich. Die Kontur des Langloches 10 dient hier als Anschlagmittel gegenüber dem eine größere Breite KB als Dicke ZD aufweisenden Zapfen 7.In
Im Halteabschnitt 12 stützt sich der Ankerkopf 6 formschlüssig in Zugbelastungsrichtung an dem Schloss 1 mit seinen Abstützflächen 9, 9.1 an dem das Langloch 10 umgebenden Material des Schlosses 1 ab, wie in
Das Langloch 10 ist in seinem Halteabschnitt 12 dem Verlauf der Platte folgend gekrümmt. Entsprechend dieser Krümmung verfügen auch die Abstützflächen 9, 9.1 über einen Radius in Breitenrichtung KB des Ankers 2 (s.
Für eine Selbstzentrierung des Ankers 2 in dem Langloch 10 ist vorgesehen, dass das das Langloch 10 umgebende Material im Halteabschnitt 12 durch eine Fase 14 verjüngt ist (auch in
Die Erfindung ist anhand eines Ausführungsbeispiels beschrieben worden. Ohne den Schutzbereich, beschrieben durch die Ansprüche, zu verlassen, ergeben sich für den Fachmann zahlreiche weitere Ausgestaltungen, den Erfindungsgedanken zu verwirklichen, ohne dass diese im Rahmen dieser Ausführungen näher erläutert werden müssten.The invention has been described using an exemplary embodiment. Without departing from the scope of protection described by the claims, there are numerous further refinements for the person skilled in the art to implement the inventive concept without having to be explained in more detail within the scope of these statements.
- 11
- SchlossLock
- 2, 2.1, 2a2, 2.1, 2a
- Ankeranchor
- 3, 3.1, 3.2, 3.33, 3.1, 3.2, 3.3
- Schraubescrew
- 44
- Hebewerkzeuglifting tool
- 5,5.15.5.1
- Kettengliedchain link
- 66
- Ankerkopfanchor head
- 77
- ZapfenCones
- 88th
- AugeEye
- 9, 9.19, 9.1
- Abstützfläche des AnkerkopfesSupport surface of the anchor head
- 1010
- LanglochLong hole
- 1111
- EinführabschnittIntroduction section
- 1212
- Halteabschnittholding section
- 13a, 13b13a, 13b
- gerade Konturstraight contour
- 1414
- Fasechamfer
- 1515
- LängsachseLongitudinal axis
- KDKD
- Dicke AnkerkopfThick anchor head
- KBKB
- Breite AnkerkopfWide anchor head
- KHKH
- Höhe AnkerkopfHeight of anchor head
- ZDZD
- Dicke ZapfenThick cones
- A1A1
- Weite EinführabschnittWide insertion section
- A2A2
- Höhe EinführabschnittHeight of insertion section
- A3A3
- Weite HalteabschnittWide holding section
Claims (13)
Priority Applications (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EP22191383.3A EP4328171A1 (en) | 2022-08-22 | 2022-08-22 | Arrangement of a lock and an anchor for forming a lifting connection and corresponding lock and anchor |
US18/360,314 US20240059530A1 (en) | 2022-08-22 | 2023-07-27 | Arrangement of a lock and an anchor for forming a lifting connection and a lock and an anchor therefor |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EP22191383.3A EP4328171A1 (en) | 2022-08-22 | 2022-08-22 | Arrangement of a lock and an anchor for forming a lifting connection and corresponding lock and anchor |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP4328171A1 true EP4328171A1 (en) | 2024-02-28 |
Family
ID=83006129
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP22191383.3A Pending EP4328171A1 (en) | 2022-08-22 | 2022-08-22 | Arrangement of a lock and an anchor for forming a lifting connection and corresponding lock and anchor |
Country Status (2)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US20240059530A1 (en) |
EP (1) | EP4328171A1 (en) |
Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE4C (en) | 1877-07-05 | J. E. CHRISTOPH zu Niesky | Continuous mash distiller with peculiar mash a. Spirit column, new mash regulator and new mash regulator | |
US3705504A (en) * | 1971-09-07 | 1972-12-12 | Dewey F Johnson | Chain door latch device |
FR2580613A1 (en) * | 1985-04-23 | 1986-10-24 | Archer Jean Francois | Articulated lifting ring |
-
2022
- 2022-08-22 EP EP22191383.3A patent/EP4328171A1/en active Pending
-
2023
- 2023-07-27 US US18/360,314 patent/US20240059530A1/en active Pending
Patent Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE4C (en) | 1877-07-05 | J. E. CHRISTOPH zu Niesky | Continuous mash distiller with peculiar mash a. Spirit column, new mash regulator and new mash regulator | |
US3705504A (en) * | 1971-09-07 | 1972-12-12 | Dewey F Johnson | Chain door latch device |
FR2580613A1 (en) * | 1985-04-23 | 1986-10-24 | Archer Jean Francois | Articulated lifting ring |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
US20240059530A1 (en) | 2024-02-22 |
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