EP4326916A1 - Copper-tin continuous casting alloy - Google Patents
Copper-tin continuous casting alloyInfo
- Publication number
- EP4326916A1 EP4326916A1 EP22725373.9A EP22725373A EP4326916A1 EP 4326916 A1 EP4326916 A1 EP 4326916A1 EP 22725373 A EP22725373 A EP 22725373A EP 4326916 A1 EP4326916 A1 EP 4326916A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- weight
- continuously cast
- tin
- copper
- parts
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
- KUNSUQLRTQLHQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N copper tin Chemical compound [Cu].[Sn] KUNSUQLRTQLHQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 13
- 238000009749 continuous casting Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 6
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims description 25
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 title claims description 25
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- APFVFJFRJDLVQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N indium atom Chemical compound [In] APFVFJFRJDLVQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 229910052738 indium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tin Chemical compound [Sn] ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 229910052718 tin Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 229910052787 antimony Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- WATWJIUSRGPENY-UHFFFAOYSA-N antimony atom Chemical compound [Sb] WATWJIUSRGPENY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 238000005275 alloying Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L manganese(2+);methyl n-[[2-(methoxycarbonylcarbamothioylamino)phenyl]carbamothioyl]carbamate;n-[2-(sulfidocarbothioylamino)ethyl]carbamodithioate Chemical compound [Mn+2].[S-]C(=S)NCCNC([S-])=S.COC(=O)NC(=S)NC1=CC=CC=C1NC(=S)NC(=O)OC WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000013067 intermediate product Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000011109 contamination Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000011135 tin Substances 0.000 description 9
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 7
- PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Manganese Chemical compound [Mn] PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000011572 manganese Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000007711 solidification Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000008023 solidification Effects 0.000 description 3
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Palladium Chemical compound [Pd] KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 2
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Molybdenum Chemical compound [Mo] ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BUGBHKTXTAQXES-UHFFFAOYSA-N Selenium Chemical compound [Se] BUGBHKTXTAQXES-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silver Chemical compound [Ag] BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UCKMPCXJQFINFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulphide Chemical compound [S-2] UCKMPCXJQFINFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zirconium Chemical compound [Zr] QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004411 aluminium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052785 arsenic Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- RQNWIZPPADIBDY-UHFFFAOYSA-N arsenic atom Chemical compound [As] RQNWIZPPADIBDY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052797 bismuth Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- JCXGWMGPZLAOME-UHFFFAOYSA-N bismuth atom Chemical compound [Bi] JCXGWMGPZLAOME-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910017052 cobalt Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010941 cobalt Substances 0.000 description 1
- GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt atom Chemical compound [Co] GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 1
- BWFPGXWASODCHM-UHFFFAOYSA-N copper monosulfide Chemical class [Cu]=S BWFPGXWASODCHM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004634 feeding behavior Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000035553 feeding performance Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 1
- UGKDIUIOSMUOAW-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron nickel Chemical compound [Fe].[Ni] UGKDIUIOSMUOAW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011733 molybdenum Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052758 niobium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010955 niobium Substances 0.000 description 1
- GUCVJGMIXFAOAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N niobium atom Chemical compound [Nb] GUCVJGMIXFAOAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052763 palladium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 208000026438 poor feeding Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052711 selenium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011669 selenium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004332 silver Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012791 sliding layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000006104 solid solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007858 starting material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005728 strengthening Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052714 tellurium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- PORWMNRCUJJQNO-UHFFFAOYSA-N tellurium atom Chemical compound [Te] PORWMNRCUJJQNO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungsten Chemical compound [W] WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052721 tungsten Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010937 tungsten Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052720 vanadium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- LEONUFNNVUYDNQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N vanadium atom Chemical compound [V] LEONUFNNVUYDNQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052727 yttrium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- VWQVUPCCIRVNHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N yttrium atom Chemical compound [Y] VWQVUPCCIRVNHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052726 zirconium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C9/00—Alloys based on copper
- C22C9/02—Alloys based on copper with tin as the next major constituent
Definitions
- the invention relates to a copper-tin continuously cast alloy which is lead-free and which can be produced and cast easily and economically and can be easily machined after casting and has good mechanical strength and load-bearing properties, which are particularly useful for the production of machine parts or transmission parts, such as gear wheels, worm wheels, bushings or linear guide elements, or for the production of fitting parts for the conduction of fluids.
- the omission of lead also means that the machinability of the alloy does not meet the requirements.
- EP 3736 350 A1 relates to and discloses a multi-layer sliding bearing element made from a composite material comprising a supporting metal layer and a further layer, in particular a sliding layer, and optionally an intermediate layer between the supporting metal layer and the further layer.
- the further layer is made of a cast alloy, specifically a lead-free copper-based alloy containing sulphide precipitations.
- What is claimed is a composition for the lead-free copper-based alloy with: sulfur between 0.1% by weight and 3% by weight, in particular between 0.3% by weight and 0.8% by weight,
- Iron between 0.01% by weight and 4% by weight, in particular between 0.2% by weight and 2% by weight, in particular between 0.3% by weight and 1.5% by weight,
- Phosphorus between 0% by weight and 2% by weight, in particular between 0.001% by weight and 2% by weight, in particular between 0.01% by weight and 0.5% by weight, at least one element a first group consisting of Zinc, tin, aluminium, manganese, nickel, silicon, chromium, indium totaling between 0.1% by weight and 49% by weight, the proportion of zinc being between 0% by weight and 45% by weight, is in particular between 0.01% by weight and 5% by weight, the proportion of tin is between 0% by weight and 40% by weight, in particular between 0.01% by weight and 10% by weight, the proportion of aluminum is between 0% by weight and 15% by weight, in particular between 0.01% by weight and 7.5% by weight, the proportion of manganese is between 0% by weight and 10% by weight, is in particular between 0.01% by weight and 5% by weight, the proportion of nickel is between 0% by weight and 10% by weight, in particular between 0.01% by weight and 2% by weight, the Proportion of silicon between 0% by weight and
- the proportion of chromium is between 0% by weight and 2% by weight, in particular between 0.01% by weight and 1% by weight, and the proportion of indium is between 0% by weight and 10% by weight.
- -% and with at least one element from a second group consisting of silver, magnesium, indium, cobalt, titanium, zirconium, arsenic, lithium, yttrium, calcium, vanadium, molybdenum, tungsten, antimony, selenium, tellurium, bismuth, niobium , palladium in a proportion of between 0% by weight and 1.5% by weight, the total proportion of the elements of the second group being between 0% by weight and 2% by weight, and with the remainder copper and from Impurities originating from the manufacture of the elements.
- sulfur shall be present from 0.2 - 1.5 wt%, especially from 0.3 - 0.8 wt%, and preferably iron from 0.2 - 2 wt%, especially from 0.3-1.5% by weight present be.
- Intermetallic FeS phases which form alongside the copper sulphides, can reduce the tendency to galling.
- the copper-based alloy should contain either zinc or tin. By avoiding the combination of both elements, a significant improvement in the casting properties of the alloy can be achieved by reducing the
- Solidification interval can be reached.
- example compositions 25 of which contain no indium or only 0.01% by weight indium.
- Almost all other example compositions contain 3 or 7% by weight of indium and, in addition, rather high proportions of aluminum and manganese; they also usually contain either 10% by weight of tin or 5% by weight of zinc.
- the present invention is based on the object of largely meeting the above-mentioned aspects in a continuously cast copper-tin alloy without lead being added to the starting material.
- a lead-free alloy is mentioned here, this means that lead is not actively added as an alloying element and that an impurity-related residue of lead of at most 0.10% by weight, in particular at most 0.09% by weight, in particular at most 0.08% by weight, in particular at most 0.07% by weight, in particular at most 0.06% by weight and preferably at most 0.05% by weight. It has now been found according to the invention that the addition of indium in the claimed range can significantly improve castability. It was found that indium forms a low-melting phase with tin or copper, similar to a peritectic phase, and that this low-melting phase accumulates preferentially in the aforementioned microshrinks and is thus able to fill these cavities in a sealing manner.
- the strength properties of the copper-tin alloy are not adversely affected by the addition of indium to the required extent.
- the elongation at break and the tensile strength are actually improved by the addition of indium to the extent claimed.
- the elongation or yield point is only slightly reduced and is still close to 120 MPa with indium contents of up to approx sufficient for most applications.
- the composition of the continuously cast alloy claimed according to the invention results in economic manufacturability and nevertheless good castability.
- indium and the resulting quasi-peritectical phase(s) not only improves the feeding behavior and thus the castability, but also improves the machinability of the material by the indium-containing phases acting as chip breakers during the machining. This is because these phases are comparatively hard, but they have a lower melting point than the metallic base matrix of the alloy.
- the addition of nickel can improve the corrosion resistance of the alloy and the influence of the wall thickness on the mechanical strength decreases. If nickel is added to the required extent, the resulting lattice can be further strained by tin in addition to solid solution strengthening. Nickel can also form intermetallic phases with other alloying elements, which serve as nuclei for structural refinement, for example nickel-iron phases.
- the continuously cast alloy contains at most 0.30% by weight, in particular at most 0.10% by weight, in particular 0.03-0.08% by weight, of phosphorus, at most 0.20% by weight -% iron and at most 0.30% by weight antimony.
- Phosphorus may prove advantageous within the claimed continuously cast alloy because it can effect deoxidation of the melt while hydrogen can be efficiently driven off by the tin.
- Iron can form advantageous phases with nickel, but on the other hand it proves to be problematic in terms of casting at amounts above 0.2% by weight.
- Antimony settles at the grain boundaries and thereby makes the material somewhat brittle, which proves to be advantageous with regard to the goal of good machinability through breaking chips.
- Manganese can also be used to deoxidize the melt. Similar to nickel, manganese can be incorporated into the metallic lattice during solidification. However, this reduces the solubility for the element tin and the solidification temperatures are generally lower. A disadvantage are the relatively dense oxide skins that can lead to uncontrolled drops in strength. The manganese content is therefore limited to 0.5% by weight.
- the copper-tin continuous casting alloy contains at least 0.2% by weight, in particular at least 0.3% by weight, in particular at least 0.4% by weight, in particular at least 0.5% by weight, in particular at least 0.7% by weight, in particular at least 1.0% by weight, and/or at most 1.8% by weight, in particular at most 1.7% by weight, indium includes.
- the copper-tin continuously cast alloy contains at least 9.5% by weight, in particular at least 10.0% by weight, in particular at least 10.5% by weight and/or at most 14.0% by weight , in particular at most 13.0% by weight, in particular at most 12.0% by weight, in particular at most 11.5% by weight, in particular at most 11.0% by weight, tin.
- the subject matter of the present invention is a continuously cast alloy of the claimed composition in the molten state. Furthermore, the subject matter of the present invention is a continuously cast alloy of the claimed composition in the cast state.
- the present invention also relates to a continuously cast blank or a continuously cast intermediate product, in particular in the form of a strand or tube, produced by casting a continuously cast alloy of the type and composition claimed and having the same composition as this continuously cast alloy.
- the subject matter of the invention also includes machine parts or transmission parts, in particular gears, worm wheels, bushings or linear guide parts, or machined fitting parts for conducting fluids, produced by machining a continuously cast blank or continuously cast intermediate product of the type claimed here.
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Gears, Cams (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a copper-tin alloy for continuous casting, more particularly for producing machine parts or transmission parts, especially such as gearwheels, worm gears, sleeves or linear guide parts, or for producing valve parts for conducting fluids, comprising 9.0 - 15.0 wt% tin, 0.1 - 2.0 wt% indium, and further optionally comprising the following alloying elements: up to 0.20 wt% iron, up to 2.5 wt% nickel, up to 0.30 wt% antimony, up to 0.50 wt% manganese, up to 0.3 wt% phosphorus, up to 0.10 wt% sulfur, up to 0.5 wt% zinc, and contamination-associated elements at each up to at most 0.10 wt% and in total at most up to 0.5 wt%, and copper as the balance.
Description
Titel : Kupfer-Zinn-Stranggusslegierung Title : Continuous Cast Copper-Tin Alloy
Beschreibung description
Die Erfindung betrifft eine Kupfer-Zinn-Stranggusslegierung, die bleifrei ausgebildet ist und die sich gut und auf wirtschaftliche Weise hersteilen und vergießen lässt und nach dem Guss gut spanbar ist und gute mechanische Festigkeits- und Belastungseigenschaften aufweist, die sie insbesondere für die Herstellung von Maschinenteilen oder Getriebeteilen, wie Zahnrädern, Schneckenrädern, Laufbuchsen oder Linearführungselementen, oder für die Herstellung von Armaturenteilen für die Leitung von Fluiden geeignet erscheinen lässt. The invention relates to a copper-tin continuously cast alloy which is lead-free and which can be produced and cast easily and economically and can be easily machined after casting and has good mechanical strength and load-bearing properties, which are particularly useful for the production of machine parts or transmission parts, such as gear wheels, worm wheels, bushings or linear guide elements, or for the production of fitting parts for the conduction of fluids.
Mit der vorliegenden Erfindung wurde festgestellt, dass sich ein dendritisches Gefüge bildet, welches sich im Gießvorgang
schwer speisen lässt aufgrund des großen Temperaturintervalls zwischen Solidus- und Liquidus-Kurve des Systems. Im Ergebnis bilden sich zwischen den dendritisch aufwachsenden Primärkörnern Hohlräume, nämlich sogenannte Mikrolunker, welche eine Undichtigkeit des Gussstücks und hieraus hergestellter Produkte nach sich ziehen können. Eine Verwendung der Stranggusslegierung zur Herstellung von Armaturenteilen wäre dann nicht möglich. With the present invention, it was found that a dendritic structure forms, which develops during the casting process difficult to feed due to the large temperature interval between the solidus and liquidus curves of the system. As a result, cavities form between the dendritically growing primary grains, namely so-called micro blowholes, which can result in leaks in the casting and in the products made from it. It would then not be possible to use the continuously cast alloy for the production of valve parts.
Die Weglassung von Blei führt außerdem dazu, dass die Spanbarkeit der Legierung nicht den Anforderungen gerecht wird. The omission of lead also means that the machinability of the alloy does not meet the requirements.
EP 3736 350 Al betrifft und offenbart ein Mehrschichtgleitlagerelement aus einem Verbundwerkstoff umfassend eine Stützmetallschicht und eine weitere Schicht, insbesondere eine Gleitschicht, sowie gegebenenfalls eine Zwischenschicht zwischen der Stützmetallschicht und der weiteren Schicht. Die weitere Schicht ist aus einer Gusslegierung, und zwar aus einer bleifreien Kupferbasislegierung gebildet, in der sulfidische Ausscheidungen enthalten sind. Beansprucht ist eine Zusammensetzung für die bleifreie Kupferbasislegierung mit: Schwefel zwischen 0,1 Gew.-% und 3 Gew.-%, insbesondere zwischen 0,3 Gew.-% und 0,8 Gew.-%, EP 3736 350 A1 relates to and discloses a multi-layer sliding bearing element made from a composite material comprising a supporting metal layer and a further layer, in particular a sliding layer, and optionally an intermediate layer between the supporting metal layer and the further layer. The further layer is made of a cast alloy, specifically a lead-free copper-based alloy containing sulphide precipitations. What is claimed is a composition for the lead-free copper-based alloy with: sulfur between 0.1% by weight and 3% by weight, in particular between 0.3% by weight and 0.8% by weight,
Eisen zwischen 0,01 Gew.-% und 4 Gew.-%, insbesondere zwischen 0,2 Gew.% und 2 Gew.-%, insbesondere zwischen 0,3 Gew.-% und 1,5 Gew.—%, Iron between 0.01% by weight and 4% by weight, in particular between 0.2% by weight and 2% by weight, in particular between 0.3% by weight and 1.5% by weight,
Phosphor zwischen 0 Gew.-% und 2 Gew.-%, insbesondere zwischen 0,001 Gew.-% und 2 Gew.-%, insbesondere zwischen 0,01 Gew.-% und 0,5 Gew.-%, zumindest ein Element aus einer ersten Gruppe bestehend aus
Zink, Zinn, Aluminium, Mangan, Nickel, Silizium, Chrom, Indium von in Summe zwischen 0,1 Gew.-% und 49 Gew.-%, wobei der Anteil an Zink zwischen 0 Gew.-% und 45 Gew.%, insbesondere zwischen 0,01 Gew.-% und 5 Gew.% beträgt, der Anteil an Zinn zwischen 0 Gew.-% und 40 Gew.-%, insbesondere zwischen 0,01 Gew.-% und 10 Gew.% beträgt, der Anteil an Aluminium zwischen 0 Gew.% und 15 Gew.-%, insbesondere zwischen 0,01 Gew.-% und 7,5 Gew.% beträgt, der Anteil an Mangan zwischen 0 Gew.-% und 10 Gew.-%, insbesondere zwischen 0,01 Gew.-% und 5 Gew.% beträgt, der Anteil an Nickel zwischen 0 Gew.-% und 10 Gew.-%, insbesondere zwischen 0,01 Gew.-% und 2 Gew.% beträgt, der Anteil an Silizium zwischen 0 Gew.-% und 10 Gew.-%. insbesondere zwischen 0,01 Gew.-% und 3 Gew. Phosphorus between 0% by weight and 2% by weight, in particular between 0.001% by weight and 2% by weight, in particular between 0.01% by weight and 0.5% by weight, at least one element a first group consisting of Zinc, tin, aluminium, manganese, nickel, silicon, chromium, indium totaling between 0.1% by weight and 49% by weight, the proportion of zinc being between 0% by weight and 45% by weight, is in particular between 0.01% by weight and 5% by weight, the proportion of tin is between 0% by weight and 40% by weight, in particular between 0.01% by weight and 10% by weight, the proportion of aluminum is between 0% by weight and 15% by weight, in particular between 0.01% by weight and 7.5% by weight, the proportion of manganese is between 0% by weight and 10% by weight, is in particular between 0.01% by weight and 5% by weight, the proportion of nickel is between 0% by weight and 10% by weight, in particular between 0.01% by weight and 2% by weight, the Proportion of silicon between 0% by weight and 10% by weight. in particular between 0.01% by weight and 3% by weight.
% beträgt, der Anteil an Chrom zwischen 0 Gew.-% und 2 Gew.-%, insbesondere zwischen 0,01 Gew.-% und 1 Gew.% beträgt und der Anteil an Indium zwischen 0 Gew.-% und 10 Gew.-% beträgt, und mit zumindest einem Element aus einer zweiten Gruppe bestehend aus Silber, Magnesium, Indium, Kobalt, Titan, Zirkonium, Arsen, Lithium, Yttrium, Calcium, Vanadium, Molybdän, Wolfram, Antimon, Selen, Tellur, Bismut, Niob, Palladium in einem Anteil von jeweils zwischen 0 Gew.-% und 1,5 Gew.-%, wobei der Summenanteil der Elemente der zweiten Gruppe zwischen 0 Gew.-% und 2 Gew.-% beträgt, und mit Rest Kupfer sowie aus der Herstellung der Elemente stammende Verunreinigungen . %, the proportion of chromium is between 0% by weight and 2% by weight, in particular between 0.01% by weight and 1% by weight, and the proportion of indium is between 0% by weight and 10% by weight. -%, and with at least one element from a second group consisting of silver, magnesium, indium, cobalt, titanium, zirconium, arsenic, lithium, yttrium, calcium, vanadium, molybdenum, tungsten, antimony, selenium, tellurium, bismuth, niobium , palladium in a proportion of between 0% by weight and 1.5% by weight, the total proportion of the elements of the second group being between 0% by weight and 2% by weight, and with the remainder copper and from Impurities originating from the manufacture of the elements.
Bevorzugt soll Schwefel von 0,2 - 1,5 Gew.-%, insbesondere von 0,3 - 0,8 Gew.-%, vorhanden sein, und bevorzugt soll Eisen von 0,2 - 2 Gew.-%, insbesondere von 0,3 - 1,5 Gew.-% vorhanden
sein. Durch intermetallische FeS-Phasen, die neben den Kupfersulfiden entstehen, könne eine Verringerung der Fressneigung erreicht werden. Weiter bevorzugt soll die Kupferbasislegierung entweder Zink oder Zinn enthalten. Durch die Vermeidung der Kombination beider Elemente könne eine deutliche Verbesserung der Gießeigenschaften der Legierung durch die damit erreichbare Verringerung desPreferably sulfur shall be present from 0.2 - 1.5 wt%, especially from 0.3 - 0.8 wt%, and preferably iron from 0.2 - 2 wt%, especially from 0.3-1.5% by weight present be. Intermetallic FeS phases, which form alongside the copper sulphides, can reduce the tendency to galling. More preferably, the copper-based alloy should contain either zinc or tin. By avoiding the combination of both elements, a significant improvement in the casting properties of the alloy can be achieved by reducing the
Erstarrungsintervalls erreicht werden. Es gibt 183 Beispiel- Zusammensetzungen, von denen 25 kein Indium oder nur 0,01 Gew.-% Indium enthalten. Fast alle übrigen Beispiel- Zusammensetzungen enthalten 3 oder 7 Gew.-% Indium und dabei zusätzlich eher hohe Anteile an Aluminium und Mangan; sie enthalten ferner zumeist entweder 10 Gew.-% Zinn oder 5 Gew.-% Zink. Solidification interval can be reached. There are 183 example compositions, 25 of which contain no indium or only 0.01% by weight indium. Almost all other example compositions contain 3 or 7% by weight of indium and, in addition, rather high proportions of aluminum and manganese; they also usually contain either 10% by weight of tin or 5% by weight of zinc.
Der vorliegenden Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, den eingangs genannten Aspekten bei einer Kupfer-Zinn- Stranggusslegierung weitgehend gerecht zu werden, ohne dass dem Ausgangsmaterial Blei zugegeben wird. The present invention is based on the object of largely meeting the above-mentioned aspects in a continuously cast copper-tin alloy without lead being added to the starting material.
Diese Aufgabe wird durch eine bleifreie Kupfer-Zinn- Stranggusslegierung mit den Merkmalen des Anspruchs 1 gelöst. This object is achieved by a lead-free continuous casting copper-tin alloy with the features of claim 1.
Wenn vorliegend von einer bleifreien Legierung die Rede ist, so bedeutet dies, dass Blei nicht aktiv als Legierungselement zugegeben ist und dass ein verunreinigungsbedingter Rest an Blei von höchstens 0,10 Gew.-%, insbesondere von höchstens 0,09 Gew.-%, insbesondere von höchstens 0,08 Gew.-%, insbesondere von höchstens 0,07, insbesondere von höchstens 0,06 und vorzugsweise von höchstens 0,05 Gew.-% vorhanden sein kann.
Es wurde nun erfindungsgemäß festgestellt, dass die Zugabe von Indium im beanspruchten Bereich die Vergießbarkeit wesentlich verbessern kann. Es wurde festgestellt, dass Indium mit Zinn bzw. Kupfer eine niedrigschmelzende Phase, ähnlich einer peritektischen Phase, bildet und dass diese niedrigschmelzende Phase sich bevorzugt in den vorgenannten Mikrolunkern ansammelt und diese Hohlräume dadurch dichtend aufzufüllen vermag. Hierdurch kann das Problem eines schlechten Speisungsverhaltens der Kupfer-Zinn Legierung in zufriedenstellenderer Weise gelöst werden. Im Unterschied zum Einsatz von Blei zur Dichtspeisung des Gefüges werden durch die Zugabe von Indium im beanspruchten Umfang die Festigkeitseigenschaften der Kupfer-Zinn-Legierung nicht nachteilig beeinflusst. Die Bruchdehnung und die Zugfestigkeit werden durch Zugabe von Indium im beanspruchten Umfang sogar eher verbessert. Die Dehn- oder Streckgrenze wird nur geringfügig herabgesetzt und liegt bei Indiumgehalten bis zu ca. 1 Gew.-% oberhalb von 130 MPa und bei Indiumgehalten zwischen 1,2 und 2,0 Gew.-% immer noch nahe bei 120 MPa, was sich für die meisten Anwendungen als hinreichend erweist. Insgesamt ergibt sich bei der beanspruchten erfindungsgemäßen Zusammensetzung der Stranggusslegierung eine wirtschaftliche Herstellbarkeit und dennoch eine gute Gießbarkeit. Die Zugabe von Indium bewirkt mit der oder den sich hieraus bildenden quasi-peritektischen Phase(n) nicht nur eine Verbesserung des Speisungsverhaltens und damit der Gießbarkeit, sondern es wird auch die Spanbarkeit des Werkstoffs verbessert, indem sich die Indium aufweisenden Phasen als Spanbrecher während der spanenden Bearbeitung auswirken. Diese Phasen sind nämlich vergleichsweise hart, sie weisen jedoch einen niedrigeren Schmelzpunkt auf als die metallische Grundmatrix der Legierung.
Durch die Zugabe von Nickel kann die Korrosionsbeständigkeit der Legierung verbessert werden und der Wandstärkeneinfluss auf die mechanische Festigkeit nimmt ab. Bei Zugabe von Nickel im beanspruchten Umfang kann das entstehende Gitter neben der Mischkristallverfestigung durch Zinn noch weiter verspannt werden. Nickel kann auch mit weiteren Legierungselementen intermetallische Phasen bilden, die als Keime zur Gefügefeinung dienen, beispielsweise Nickel-Eisen-Phasen. If a lead-free alloy is mentioned here, this means that lead is not actively added as an alloying element and that an impurity-related residue of lead of at most 0.10% by weight, in particular at most 0.09% by weight, in particular at most 0.08% by weight, in particular at most 0.07% by weight, in particular at most 0.06% by weight and preferably at most 0.05% by weight. It has now been found according to the invention that the addition of indium in the claimed range can significantly improve castability. It was found that indium forms a low-melting phase with tin or copper, similar to a peritectic phase, and that this low-melting phase accumulates preferentially in the aforementioned microshrinks and is thus able to fill these cavities in a sealing manner. This can more satisfactorily solve the problem of poor feeding performance of the copper-tin alloy. In contrast to the use of lead for dense feeding of the structure, the strength properties of the copper-tin alloy are not adversely affected by the addition of indium to the required extent. The elongation at break and the tensile strength are actually improved by the addition of indium to the extent claimed. The elongation or yield point is only slightly reduced and is still close to 120 MPa with indium contents of up to approx sufficient for most applications. Overall, the composition of the continuously cast alloy claimed according to the invention results in economic manufacturability and nevertheless good castability. The addition of indium and the resulting quasi-peritectical phase(s) not only improves the feeding behavior and thus the castability, but also improves the machinability of the material by the indium-containing phases acting as chip breakers during the machining. This is because these phases are comparatively hard, but they have a lower melting point than the metallic base matrix of the alloy. The addition of nickel can improve the corrosion resistance of the alloy and the influence of the wall thickness on the mechanical strength decreases. If nickel is added to the required extent, the resulting lattice can be further strained by tin in addition to solid solution strengthening. Nickel can also form intermetallic phases with other alloying elements, which serve as nuclei for structural refinement, for example nickel-iron phases.
Gießtechnisch erweist es sich weiter als vorteilhaft, wenn die Stranggusslegierung höchstens 0,30 Gew.-%, insbesondere höchstens 0,10 Gew.-%, insbesondere 0,03 - 0,08 Gew.-% Phosphor, höchstens 0,20 Gew.-% Eisen und höchstens 0,30 Gew.- % Antimon umfasst. Phosphor kann sich innerhalb der beanspruchten Stranggusslegierung als vorteilhaft erweisen, weil es eine Desoxidation der Schmelze bewirken kann, während Wasserstoff durch das Zinn wirksam ausgetrieben werden kann. Eisen kann mit Nickel vorteilhafte Phasen ausbilden, wobei es sich aber andererseits bei Mengen oberhalb von 0,2 Gew.-% als gießtechnisch problematisch erweist. Antimon setzt sich an den Korngrenzen ab und versprödet dadurch das Material etwas, was sich im Hinblick auf das Ziel einer guten Spanbarkeit durch brechende Späne durchaus als vorteilhaft erweist. In terms of casting technology, it is also advantageous if the continuously cast alloy contains at most 0.30% by weight, in particular at most 0.10% by weight, in particular 0.03-0.08% by weight, of phosphorus, at most 0.20% by weight -% iron and at most 0.30% by weight antimony. Phosphorus may prove advantageous within the claimed continuously cast alloy because it can effect deoxidation of the melt while hydrogen can be efficiently driven off by the tin. Iron can form advantageous phases with nickel, but on the other hand it proves to be problematic in terms of casting at amounts above 0.2% by weight. Antimony settles at the grain boundaries and thereby makes the material somewhat brittle, which proves to be advantageous with regard to the goal of good machinability through breaking chips.
Mangan kann ebenfalls zur Desoxidation der Schmelze eingesetzt werden. Während der Erstarrung kann Mangan, ähnlich wie Nickel, in das metallische Gitter eingebaut werden. Dabei sinkt jedoch die Löslichkeit für das Element Zinn, und die Erstarrungstemperaturen werden im Allgemeinen erniedrigt. Nachteilig sind die relativ dichten Oxidhäute, die zu
unkontrollierten Festigkeitsabfällen führen können. Daher wird der Mangan-Gehalt bis auf 0,5 Gew.-% begrenzt. Manganese can also be used to deoxidize the melt. Similar to nickel, manganese can be incorporated into the metallic lattice during solidification. However, this reduces the solubility for the element tin and the solidification temperatures are generally lower. A disadvantage are the relatively dense oxide skins that can lead to uncontrolled drops in strength. The manganese content is therefore limited to 0.5% by weight.
In weiterer Ausbildung der vorliegenden Erfindung erweist es sich als vorteilhaft, wenn die Kupfer-Zinn-Stranggusslegierung wenigstens 0,2 Gew.-%, insbesondere wenigstens 0,3 Gew.-%, insbesondere wenigstens 0,4 Gew.-%, insbesondere wenigstens 0,5 Gew.-%, insbesondere wenigstens 0,7 Gew.-%, insbesondere wenigstens 1,0 Gew.-%, und/oder höchstens 1,8 Gew.-%, insbesondere höchstens 1,7 Gew.-% Indium umfasst. In a further embodiment of the present invention, it proves to be advantageous if the copper-tin continuous casting alloy contains at least 0.2% by weight, in particular at least 0.3% by weight, in particular at least 0.4% by weight, in particular at least 0.5% by weight, in particular at least 0.7% by weight, in particular at least 1.0% by weight, and/or at most 1.8% by weight, in particular at most 1.7% by weight, indium includes.
Weiter erweist es sich als vorteilhaft, wenn die Kupfer-Zinn- Stranggusslegierung wenigstens 9,5, insbesondere wenigstens 10,0 Gew.-%, insbesondere wenigstens 10,5 Gew.-%, und/oder höchstens 14,0 Gew.-%, insbesondere höchstens 13,0 Gew.-%, insbesondere höchstens 12,0 Gew.-%, insbesondere höchstens 11,5 Gew.-%, insbesondere höchstens 11,0 Gew.-% Zinn umfasst. It is also found to be advantageous if the copper-tin continuously cast alloy contains at least 9.5% by weight, in particular at least 10.0% by weight, in particular at least 10.5% by weight and/or at most 14.0% by weight , in particular at most 13.0% by weight, in particular at most 12.0% by weight, in particular at most 11.5% by weight, in particular at most 11.0% by weight, tin.
Gegenstand der vorliegenden Erfindung ist eine Stranggusslegierung der beanspruchten Zusammensetzung im erschmolzenen Zustand. Ferner ist Gegenstand der vorliegenden Erfindung eine Stranggusslegierung der beanspruchten Zusammensetzung im vergossenen Zustand. The subject matter of the present invention is a continuously cast alloy of the claimed composition in the molten state. Furthermore, the subject matter of the present invention is a continuously cast alloy of the claimed composition in the cast state.
Gegenstand der vorliegenden Erfindung ist auch ein Strangguss- Rohling oder ein Strangguss-Zwischenprodukt, insbesondere in Strangform oder Rohrform, hergestellt durch Vergießen einer Stranggusslegierung der beanspruchten Art und Zusammensetzung und mit derselben Zusammensetzung wie diese Stranggusslegierung .
Ferner sind Gegenstand der Erfindung spanend gefertigte Maschinenteile oder Getriebeteile, insbesondere Zahnräder, Schneckenräder, Laufbuchsen oder Linearführungsteile, oder spanend gefertigte Armaturenteile für die Leitung von Fluiden, hergestellt durch spanende Bearbeitung eines Strangguss- Rohlings oder Strangguss-Zwischenprodukts der hier beanspruchten Art.
The present invention also relates to a continuously cast blank or a continuously cast intermediate product, in particular in the form of a strand or tube, produced by casting a continuously cast alloy of the type and composition claimed and having the same composition as this continuously cast alloy. The subject matter of the invention also includes machine parts or transmission parts, in particular gears, worm wheels, bushings or linear guide parts, or machined fitting parts for conducting fluids, produced by machining a continuously cast blank or continuously cast intermediate product of the type claimed here.
Claims
1. Kupfer-Zinn-Stranggusslegierung, die bleifrei ausgebildet ist, insbesondere für die Herstellung von Maschinenteilen oder Getriebeteilen, wie insbesondere Zahnräder, Schneckenräder, Laufbuchsen oder Linearführungsteile, oder für die Herstellung von Armaturenteilen für die Leitung von Fluiden, umfassend 9,0 - 15,0 Gew.-% Zinn, 1. Copper-tin continuous casting alloy, which is lead-free, in particular for the production of machine parts or transmission parts, such as in particular gear wheels, worm wheels, bushings or linear guide parts, or for the production of fitting parts for the conduction of fluids, comprising 9.0 - 15 .0% by weight tin,
0,1 - 2,0 Gew.-% Indium, und weiter gegebenenfalls umfassend folgende 0.1-2.0% by weight indium, and further optionally comprising the following
Legierungselernente bis 0,20 Gew.-% Eisen, bis 2,5 Gew.-% Nickel, bis 0,30 Gew.-% Antimon, bis 0,50 Gew.-% Mangan, bis 0,3 Gew.-% Phosphor, bis 0,10 Gew.-% Schwefel bis 0,5 Gew.-% Zink, und verunreinigungsbedingte Elemente jeweils bis höchstens 0,10 Gew.-% und in der Summe höchstens bis 0,5 Gew.-%, und Rest Kupfer. Alloying elements up to 0.20% by weight iron, up to 2.5% by weight nickel, up to 0.30% by weight antimony, up to 0.50% by weight manganese, up to 0.3% by weight phosphorus , up to 0.10% by weight sulfur, up to 0.5% by weight zinc, and impurity-related elements each up to a maximum of 0.10% by weight and in the sum at most up to 0.5% by weight, and the remainder copper .
2. Kupfer-Zinn-Stranggusslegierung nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass sie wenigstens 9,5, insbesondere wenigstens 10,0 Gew.-%, insbesondere wenigstens 10,5 Gew.-%, und/oder höchstens 14,0 Gew.-%, insbesondere höchstens 13,0 Gew.-%, insbesondere höchstens 12,0 Gew.- %, insbesondere höchstens 11,5 Gew.-%, insbesondere höchstens 11,0 Gew.-% Zinn umfasst.
2. Copper-tin continuously cast alloy according to claim 1, characterized in that it contains at least 9.5%, in particular at least 10.0% by weight, in particular at least 10.5% by weight, and/or at most 14.0% by weight. -%, in particular at most 13.0% by weight, in particular at most 12.0% by weight, in particular at most 11.5% by weight, in particular at most 11.0% by weight, of tin.
3. Kupfer-Zinn-Stranggusslegierung nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass sie wenigstens 0,2 Gew.-%, insbesondere wenigstens 0,3 Gew.-%, insbesondere wenigstens 0,4 Gew.-%, insbesondere wenigstens 0,5 Gew.- %, insbesondere wenigstens 0,7 Gew.-%, insbesondere wenigstens 1,0 Gew.-%, und/oder höchstens 1,8 Gew.-%, insbesondere höchstens 1,7 Gew.-% Indium umfasst. 3. Copper-tin continuously cast alloy according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that it contains at least 0.2% by weight, in particular at least 0.3% by weight, in particular at least 0.4% by weight, in particular at least 0 5% by weight, in particular at least 0.7% by weight, in particular at least 1.0% by weight, and/or at most 1.8% by weight, in particular at most 1.7% by weight, indium .
4. Strangguss-Rohling oder Strangguss-Zwischenprodukt, insbesondere in Strangform oder Rohrform, hergestellt durch Vergießen einer Stranggusslegierung nach einem oder mehreren der vorstehenden Ansprüche, im Stranggießverfahren, wobei der Strangguss-Rohling oder das Strangguss-Zwischenprodukt umfasst: 4. continuously cast blank or continuously cast intermediate product, in particular in strand form or tubular form, produced by casting a continuously cast alloy according to one or more of the preceding claims, in the continuous casting process, wherein the continuously cast blank or continuously cast intermediate product comprises:
9,0 - 15,0 Gew.-% Zinn, 9.0 - 15.0% by weight tin,
0,1 - 2,0 Gew.-% Indium, und weiter gegebenenfalls folgende Legierungselemente bis 0,20 Gew.-% Eisen, bis 2,5 Gew.-% Nickel, bis 0,30 Gew.-% Antimon, bis 0,50 Gew.-% Mangan, bis 0,3 Gew.-% Phosphor, bis 0,10 Gew.-% Schwefel bis 0,5 Gew.-% Zink, und verunreinigungsbedingte Elemente jeweils bis höchstens 0,10 Gew.-% und in der Summe höchstens bis 0,5 Gew.-%, und Rest Kupfer umfasst. 0.1 - 2.0% by weight indium, and optionally the following alloying elements up to 0.20% by weight iron, up to 2.5% by weight nickel, up to 0.30% by weight antimony, up to 0 .50% by weight manganese, up to 0.3% by weight phosphorus, up to 0.10% by weight sulfur, up to 0.5% by weight zinc, and impurity-related elements each up to a maximum of 0.10% by weight and in total at most up to 0.5% by weight, and the remainder comprises copper.
5. Spanend gefertigte Maschinenteile oder Getriebeteile, insbesondere Zahnräder, Schneckenräder, Laufbuchsen oder Linearführungsteile, oder spanend gefertigte Armaturenteile für die Leitung von Fluiden, hergestellt
durch spanende Bearbeitung eines Strangguss-Rohlings oder Strangguss-Zwischenprodukts nach Anspruch 4.
5. Machined machine parts or transmission parts, in particular gears, worm gears, bushings or linear guide parts, or machined fittings parts for conducting fluids by machining a continuously cast blank or continuously cast intermediate product according to claim 4.
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| DE102021110301.0A DE102021110301A1 (en) | 2021-04-22 | 2021-04-22 | Copper-tin continuously cast alloy |
| PCT/EP2022/060511 WO2022223673A1 (en) | 2021-04-22 | 2022-04-21 | Copper-tin continuous casting alloy |
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| CN101806324A (en) * | 2010-04-15 | 2010-08-18 | 浙江长盛滑动轴承有限公司 | Lead-free bimetallic sliding bearing |
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