Classifications

• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
  • B63H—MARINE PROPULSION OR STEERING
  • B63H21/00—Use of propulsion power plant or units on vessels
  • B63H21/12—Use of propulsion power plant or units on vessels the vessels being motor-driven
  • B63H21/17—Use of propulsion power plant or units on vessels the vessels being motor-driven by electric motor
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
  • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
  • B60L50/00—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle
  • B60L50/50—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by batteries or fuel cells
  • B60L50/70—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by batteries or fuel cells using power supplied by fuel cells
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
  • B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING 
  • B63B11/00—Interior subdivision of hulls
  • B63B11/04—Constructional features of bunkers, e.g. structural fuel tanks, or ballast tanks, e.g. with elastic walls
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
  • B63G—OFFENSIVE OR DEFENSIVE ARRANGEMENTS ON VESSELS; MINE-LAYING; MINE-SWEEPING; SUBMARINES; AIRCRAFT CARRIERS
  • B63G8/00—Underwater vessels, e.g. submarines; Equipment specially adapted therefor
  • B63G8/08—Propulsion
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
  • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
  • H01M16/00—Structural combinations of different types of electrochemical generators
  • H01M16/003—Structural combinations of different types of electrochemical generators of fuel cells with other electrochemical devices, e.g. capacitors, electrolysers
  • H01M16/006—Structural combinations of different types of electrochemical generators of fuel cells with other electrochemical devices, e.g. capacitors, electrolysers of fuel cells with rechargeable batteries
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
  • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
  • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
  • H01M8/06—Combination of fuel cells with means for production of reactants or for treatment of residues
  • H01M8/0662—Treatment of gaseous reactants or gaseous residues, e.g. cleaning
  • H01M8/0668—Removal of carbon monoxide or carbon dioxide
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
  • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
  • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
  • H01M8/10—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes
  • H01M8/12—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes operating at high temperature, e.g. with stabilised ZrO2 electrolyte
  • H01M8/1231—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes operating at high temperature, e.g. with stabilised ZrO2 electrolyte with both reactants being gaseous or vaporised
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
  • B63H—MARINE PROPULSION OR STEERING
  • B63H21/00—Use of propulsion power plant or units on vessels
  • B63H2021/003—Use of propulsion power plant or units on vessels the power plant using fuel cells for energy supply or accumulation, e.g. for buffering photovoltaic energy
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
  • B63J—AUXILIARIES ON VESSELS
  • B63J3/00—Driving of auxiliaries
  • B63J2003/001—Driving of auxiliaries characterised by type of power supply, or power transmission, e.g. by using electric power or steam
  • B63J2003/002—Driving of auxiliaries characterised by type of power supply, or power transmission, e.g. by using electric power or steam by using electric power
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
  • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
  • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
  • H01M8/10—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes
  • H01M8/12—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes operating at high temperature, e.g. with stabilised ZrO2 electrolyte
  • H01M2008/1293—Fuel cells with solid oxide electrolytes
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
  • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
  • H01M2250/00—Fuel cells for particular applications; Specific features of fuel cell system
  • H01M2250/20—Fuel cells in motive systems, e.g. vehicle, ship, plane
• • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
  • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
  • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
  • Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
  • Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
• • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
  • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
  • Y02T70/00—Maritime or waterways transport
  • Y02T70/50—Measures to reduce greenhouse gas emissions related to the propulsion system
• • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
  • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
  • Y02T90/00—Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
  • Y02T90/40—Application of hydrogen technology to transportation, e.g. using fuel cells

Definitions

• the invention relates to an electric drive for a watercraft, with at least one electric motor, a propulsion device and a power plant.
• the object of the present invention is therefore to create an at least largely emission-free drive for watercraft.
• the power plant comprises at least one high-temperature fuel cell designed as a solid oxide fuel cell for oxidizing a fossil or synthetic fuel.
• internal combustion engines can be saved on a relevant watercraft in the future.
• a power plant consisting of at least one high-temperature fuel cell on board to oxidize a fossil or synthetic fuel replaces this technology.
• the aim is to make relevant watercraft completely emission-free.
• the diesel or combustion engine is completely replaced.
• the high-temperature fuel cell is used as the power plant, and the best power plant on the ship with the most suitable fuel in the ship brought together.
• the power plant oxidizes the fuel in the fuel cell. Thanks to the combination of this new use of fuels that are particularly suitable for this purpose and based on high-temperature fuel cells, an emission-free or at least extremely low-emission ship can be realized.
• an electric motor drives the propulsion device, e.g. a propeller shaft, which draws its energy from the SFOC fuel cell instead of from a diesel generator, as was previously the case.
• a preferred embodiment of the invention provides that the power plant generates electrical and/or thermal power.
• the SFOC power plant therefore uses the energy content of a fossil or synthetic fuel to generate electrical and thermal power.
• the only exhaust gas is water vapor and carbon dioxide.
• the power plant is quiet and largely eliminates the diesel engine as a source of noise.
• the fuel which should come from the group of alkanes and with which the electric drive according to the invention is accomplished and which replaces heavy oil or diesel oil. It is expedient if methanol or ammonia is used as the fuel.
• methanol or ammonia is used as the fuel.
• the specification is not just any fuel cell that runs on hydrogen, but a fuel cell that can run on methanol or other alkanes and that was found with the SFOC fuel cell.
• a methanol-fired SFOC is used on a ship for the first time. The combination is possible on any watercraft, not just an LNG ship.
• the fact that the drive is assigned a storage device for receiving the exhaust gas generated in the power plant is also advantageous in a number of respects.
• the drive is provided with a storage device that serves to absorb the energy generated in the power plant and to compensate for the line fluctuations of the watercraft.
• a battery is integrated into the vehicle electrical system to store energy.
• the battery storage can deliver or absorb a multiple of the stored energy in fractions of a second and thus stores the energy of the load fluctuations.
• this is designed in such a way that a battery integrated into the vehicle electrical system serves as the storage device, as has already been mentioned in principle.
• SFOC fuel cell supplies the base load and the battery takes over power peaks. In the case of negative peaks, the batteries can be charged accordingly.
• a special power management system is used for control, which automatically regulates the power distribution and ensures that the SFOC fuel cell is operated optimally.
• the battery energy store serves as an emergency power supply if, for example, the SFOC power plant is temporarily or permanently unable to supply energy due to technical reasons.
• An advantageous embodiment of the invention provides that the electric motor obtains its drive energy from the SFOC power plant and/or the storage device, possible load fluctuations in the network being compensated for by the battery energy storage device.
• the watercraft according to the invention also opens up completely new possibilities in that the CO 2 produced by the gas valorization in the SFOC power plant is separated in a suitable capture device before it reaches the atmospheric environment.
• the C0 2 can be stored on board for a longer period of time in order to deliver or sell it in suitable ports on land.
• at least one tank is provided on board the watercraft to store the CO 2 obtained through the gas valorisation. Ie there are one or more tanks integrated into the ship, in which the C0 2 can be stored. It is also provided that at least one tank for storing the fuel required for the power plant and at least one container for storing the CO 2 obtained through the gas valorization is provided on board the watercraft.
• the C0 2 obtained can serve as an inert gas to reduce the risk associated with the alcohol proves to be a further advantageous embodiment.
• Inert gas must be used in certain applications because of the high risk of explosion associated with alcohols.
• the collected CO 2 then takes over this function, supported by appropriate structural measures.
• the state of aggregation of the C0 2 must be taken into account. It is envisaged that a MOF storage device, a cooled container and/or a pressure tank container will be used for the temporary storage of the CO 2 . It is advisable to store the CO 2 in the gaseous state of the MOF storage, in the solid state dry ice and in the liquid state a pressure tank container under a pressure between 5 bar and 70 bar.
• the storage unit is used for storage of unpressurized, pressurized and/or cooled C0 2 or the storage unit serves to store unpressurized, pressurized and/or cooled C0 2.
• a further advantageous embodiment of the invention provides that the electrical energy is distributed to the electrical users in a central main switchboard and that the electric motor is supplied with energy from the central main switchboard.
• a propeller, azipod, jet, etc. be used to propel the ship.
• the function of the electric motor is to supply the propulsion technology with energy.
• the use of an electric motor, which can be reversed in the direction of rotation, is expedient here.
• the vehicle electrical system is a key component here, i. H. the watercraft has an on-board network for the distribution of electrical energy, with the on-board network being designed for alternating current (AC), direct current (DC) or a combination of both.
• the watercraft has a power management system that controls the power available in the main switchboard.
• the power management also has the function of automating the power consumption from the power plant and energy store or optimizing the power consumption from the power plant and energy store.
• the invention is characterized in particular by the fact that an electric drive for a watercraft is created with at least one motor with at least one drive unit such as one or more propellers, azipod, water jet and a power plant, in which the hitherto customary and in many respects problematic fuel heavy oil / Diesel and a motor driven by it can be saved and replaced by an electric drive.
• a power plant with at least one solid oxide fuel cell serves to oxidize the fuel, which is expediently methanol. The use of other fuels is also conceivable.
• the subject matter of the invention is therefore an emission-free ship, which converts liquid fuel into (electrical) energy on board in a power plant and, as a result, does not produce any greenhouse gases, noise or other emissions.
• the watercraft according to the invention comprises an electric drive, which consists of a rotatable propeller, a gondola-like propulsion module (azimuth), a water jet drive or any other electric drive.
• the watercraft according to the invention also includes an electric motor (propulsion motor) whose direction of rotation can be changed and, above all, an SFOC power plant (high-temperature solid oxide fuel cell) that uses fossil or synthetic fuel such as methanol, ammonia, alcohols, etc. in a fuel cell oxidized, reformed into synthesis gas and the required electrical energy generated.
• the ship according to the invention includes a suitable fuel tank, or a CO 2 capture and storage system, which captures the CO 2 exhaust gases generated in the SFOC power plant and stores them on board.
• the collected C0 2 can be stored without pressure, cooled or under pressure, with the possibility of delivering and selling the collected C0 2 at suitable locations on land.
• a battery energy storage system is planned, whereby this covers both power fluctuations of the ship and optimizes the electrical energy consumption and also serves as an emergency power generator.
• a vehicle electrical system for alternating current (AC), direct current (DC) or a combination is also implemented On-board network, including a suitable main switchgear and with an intelligent and with an intelligent and suitable power management system, which controls the complex performance requirements for the drive and optimizes the electrical on-board consumption in order to ultimately be able to operate the maritime watercraft emission-free and energy-efficiently.
• the battery energy storage is integrated into the vehicle electrical system.
• the battery storage can deliver or absorb a multiple of the stored energy in fractions of a second and thus supplies and stores the energy of the load fluctuations.
• the battery energy storage also serves as an emergency power supply if, for example, the SFOC power plant is unable to supply energy for technical reasons.
• the maritime object is provided with a special, intelligent power management system automation, which ensures that the SFOC power plant is always operated in the optimal operating window, but for the maritime object regardless of whether the required drive and electrical energy is always available.
• the drive of the watercraft designed as a ship 2 is denoted by 3 and includes an electric motor 4, which is integrated into the power grid 5 in such a way that it draws its energy from either the SFOC power plant 1 or the battery energy store 6 .
• This memory compensates for possible load fluctuations in the network 5.
• All electrical users are connected in the power grid 5 and are in one suitable main switchboard 7 driven.
• An intelligent power management system controls and optimizes the energy supply of the electrical users.
• the tank for storing the methanol or other fuel is denoted by 9 and the storage device for intermediate storage of the CO 2 is denoted by 10 .

Landscapes

• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
• Sustainable Energy (AREA)
• Sustainable Development (AREA)
• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
• Electrochemistry (AREA)
• Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
• Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
• Ocean & Marine Engineering (AREA)
• Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
• Power Engineering (AREA)
• Transportation (AREA)
• Aviation & Aerospace Engineering (AREA)
• Fuel Cell (AREA)
• Arrangement Or Mounting Of Propulsion Units For Vehicles (AREA)
• Electric Propulsion And Braking For Vehicles (AREA)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Publications (1)

Family

ID=82021085

Family Applications (1)

Country Status (7)

Family Cites Families (5)

• 2021
  • 2021-04-08 DE DE102021108758.9A patent/DE102021108758A1/de active Pending
• 2022
  • 2022-04-07 JP JP2023562263A patent/JP2024514581A/ja active Pending
  • 2022-04-07 CN CN202280027094.4A patent/CN117120332A/zh active Pending
  • 2022-04-07 KR KR1020237033966A patent/KR20230167363A/ko unknown
  • 2022-04-07 EP EP22730050.6A patent/EP4320038A1/de active Pending
  • 2022-04-07 CA CA3216218A patent/CA3216218A1/en active Pending
  • 2022-04-07 WO PCT/DE2022/100261 patent/WO2022214140A1/de active Application Filing

Also Published As

Similar Documents

Legal Events