EP4314138A1 - Artikel, insbesondere ein luftfederbalg, ein metall-gummi-element oder ein schwingungsdämpfer - Google Patents
Artikel, insbesondere ein luftfederbalg, ein metall-gummi-element oder ein schwingungsdämpferInfo
- Publication number
- EP4314138A1 EP4314138A1 EP22711477.4A EP22711477A EP4314138A1 EP 4314138 A1 EP4314138 A1 EP 4314138A1 EP 22711477 A EP22711477 A EP 22711477A EP 4314138 A1 EP4314138 A1 EP 4314138A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- rubber
- layer
- article
- article according
- mixture
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16F—SPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
- F16F1/00—Springs
- F16F1/36—Springs made of rubber or other material having high internal friction, e.g. thermoplastic elastomers
- F16F1/3605—Springs made of rubber or other material having high internal friction, e.g. thermoplastic elastomers characterised by their material
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29D—PRODUCING PARTICULAR ARTICLES FROM PLASTICS OR FROM SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE
- B29D22/00—Producing hollow articles
- B29D22/02—Inflatable articles
- B29D22/023—Air springs; Air bellows
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/00—Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/18—Oxygen-containing compounds, e.g. metal carbonyls
- C08K3/20—Oxides; Hydroxides
- C08K3/22—Oxides; Hydroxides of metals
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/00—Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/18—Oxygen-containing compounds, e.g. metal carbonyls
- C08K3/20—Oxides; Hydroxides
- C08K3/22—Oxides; Hydroxides of metals
- C08K3/2279—Oxides; Hydroxides of metals of antimony
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/00—Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/18—Oxygen-containing compounds, e.g. metal carbonyls
- C08K3/24—Acids; Salts thereof
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/00—Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/18—Oxygen-containing compounds, e.g. metal carbonyls
- C08K3/24—Acids; Salts thereof
- C08K3/26—Carbonates; Bicarbonates
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/00—Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/18—Oxygen-containing compounds, e.g. metal carbonyls
- C08K3/20—Oxides; Hydroxides
- C08K3/22—Oxides; Hydroxides of metals
- C08K2003/2217—Oxides; Hydroxides of metals of magnesium
- C08K2003/2224—Magnesium hydroxide
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/00—Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/18—Oxygen-containing compounds, e.g. metal carbonyls
- C08K3/20—Oxides; Hydroxides
- C08K3/22—Oxides; Hydroxides of metals
- C08K2003/2227—Oxides; Hydroxides of metals of aluminium
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/00—Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/18—Oxygen-containing compounds, e.g. metal carbonyls
- C08K3/24—Acids; Salts thereof
- C08K3/26—Carbonates; Bicarbonates
- C08K2003/267—Magnesium carbonate
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K2201/00—Specific properties of additives
- C08K2201/014—Additives containing two or more different additives of the same subgroup in C08K
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16F—SPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
- F16F9/00—Springs, vibration-dampers, shock-absorbers, or similarly-constructed movement-dampers using a fluid or the equivalent as damping medium
- F16F9/02—Springs, vibration-dampers, shock-absorbers, or similarly-constructed movement-dampers using a fluid or the equivalent as damping medium using gas only or vacuum
- F16F9/04—Springs, vibration-dampers, shock-absorbers, or similarly-constructed movement-dampers using a fluid or the equivalent as damping medium using gas only or vacuum in a chamber with a flexible wall
Definitions
- Article in particular an air spring bellows, a metal-rubber element or a vibration damper
- the invention relates to an article with a single-layer or multi-layer base body with elastic properties, in particular an air spring bellows, a metal-rubber element or a vibration damper.
- Articles with elastic properties which are used for the suspension of motor vehicles or rail vehicles, for example, and/or serve to dampen vibrations, are manufactured using elastomeric mixtures, also referred to as rubber mixtures. These elastomeric compounds, which are commonly used for the basic properties of such articles, are well known.
- Articles with outstanding elastic properties such as metal-rubber elements or vibration dampers, preferably contain vulcanized rubber mixtures that are predominantly based on natural polyisoprene (NR) and/or synthetic polyisoprene (IR). Items with very good weather, mineral oil and heat resistance, such as air spring bellows, preferably contain vulcanized rubber mixtures that are predominantly based on chloroprene rubber (CR).
- a common method of improving the fire behavior of rubber mixtures is the direct mixing in of sometimes comparatively large amounts of fire-retardant substances.
- this measure usually leads to a deterioration in the physical properties, in particular, for example, the hardness, which is relevant for use in dynamic applications. In the affected articles, this is particularly evident from the fact that the springing, setting and vibration properties deteriorate significantly.
- the hardness of these mixtures is too high for use in dynamic applications.
- the disadvantage of a significantly higher Shore A hardness when using the natural mineral sepiolite in larger amounts, as described in patent WO2018/033267 A1, is particularly evident in rubber mixtures based on CR/NR.
- US2017/0267260 A1 describes a vibration-damping device whose elastomeric vibration-damping structure is at least partially covered by an external fire protection layer.
- the fire protection layer is made of chloroprene rubber and contains magnesium hydroxide (MDH) or aluminum trihydrate (ATH) as a flame retardant. The protection takes place in the uppermost outer layer.
- MDH magnesium hydroxide
- ATH aluminum trihydrate
- the object of the invention is now to provide an article which is characterized by optimized fire protection behavior in order to meet the more stringent requirements, in particular those described in EN-45545.
- at least the set of requirements R9 Hazard Level 2 described in the standard should be achieved.
- an improvement in the processing behavior visible through a lower viscosity and a simultaneous increase in scorch safety, and improved dynamic stability and media resistance, in particular to neutral liquids such as e.g. E.g. water, visible among other things in the swelling behavior.
- the article has a single-layer or multi-layer base body with elastic properties, at least one layer D of the base body being composed of a rubber mixture which contains at least one rubber component and a combination of hydromagnesite (Mg 5 (C0 3 ) 4 (0H) 2 « 4H 2 0) and huntite (Mg 3 Ca(C0 3 ) 4 ) as a flame retardant.
- hydromagnesite Mg 5 (C0 3 ) 4 (0H) 2 « 4H 2 0
- huntite Mg 3 Ca(C0 3 ) 4
- a lower total amount of flame retardants is reflected, among other things, in lower abrasion, improved tear propagation resistance, and an advantageous lower hardness. This also improves the elasticity of the mixture and thus the dynamic suitability.
- a lower layer thickness of the fire protection layer on the air spring bellows article is also advantageous for its dynamic suitability and durability.
- the amount of hydromagnesite and huntite combined is from 25 to 80 phr. Less than 25 phr will no longer provide adequate fire protection and more than 80 phr will result in lower dynamic performance due to the high hardness.
- hydromagnesite and huntite consists of 40 to 60% by weight hydromagnesite and 60 to 40% by weight huntite.
- the rubber mixture of layer D contains the combination of huntite and hydromagnesite as the only flame retardant.
- the amount of additional flame retardants is 0 phr.
- the rubber mixture of layer D also contains at least one further flame retardant.
- Stannates such as zinc stannate or zinc hydroxystannate, other hydroxides such as magnesium hydroxide or calcium hydroxide, cyanurates such as melamine cyanurate, borates such as zinc borate or calcium borate, phosphorus-containing components such as resorcinol diphosphate, melamine phosphate or aromatic polyphosphates, nitrogen-containing components such as ammonium phosphate, intumescent mixtures, Carbonates, such as calcium carbonate or magnesium carbonate, or expandable graphite, antimony trioxide or aluminum trihydrate.
- hydroxides such as magnesium hydroxide or calcium hydroxide
- cyanurates such as melamine cyanurate
- borates such as zinc borate or calcium borate
- phosphorus-containing components such as resorcinol diphosphate, melamine phosphate or aromatic polyphosphates
- nitrogen-containing components such as ammonium phosphate, intumescent mixtures
- Carbonates such as calcium carbonate or magnesium carbonate,
- the rubber mixture of layer D also contains at least zinc hydroxystannate or zinc stannate alone or in combination.
- Zinc hydroxystannate or zinc stannate are preferably used in a total amount of 6 to 20 phr, particularly preferably 7.5 to 12.5 phr, and show particularly good advantages in terms of smoke gas density and the resulting lower fire intensity.
- the rubber mixture of layer D also contains ATH or MDH or a combination of MDH and ATH.
- a total amount, based on the individual substance or the combination, of 1 to 10 phr, preferably 5 to 9 phr, has been shown to be preferable for improving the so-called MARHE value for the heat release rate.
- the heat release rate is determined via the oxygen consumption, which is continuously determined during a corresponding test.
- the heat release rate averaged over time (ARHE, Average Rate of Heat Emission) is calculated as an assessment parameter and the MARHE value (maximum value of ARHE based on the test duration) is generated from this.
- the rubber mixture of layer D contains at least one rubber component, which is preferably selected from the group consisting of ethylene-propylene copolymer (EPM) and/or ethylene-propylene-diene copolymer (EPDM) and/or nitrile rubber (NBR) and / or carboxylated nitrile rubber (XNBR) and / or (partly) hydrogenated nitrile rubber (HNBR) and / or fluorine rubber (FKM) and / or chloroprene rubber (CR) and / or natural rubber (NR) and/ or epoxidized natural rubber (ENR ) and/or isoprene rubber (IR) and/or styrene butadiene rubber (SBR) and/or carboxylated styrene butadiene rubber (XSBR) and/or butyl rubber (IIR) and/or bromobutyl rubber (BIIR) and/or Chlorobutyl rubber (CIIR) and/or bromin
- CR, BR, EPDM or NBR are particularly suitable, each alone or in combination, with the blend, also referred to as a blend, of CR and NBR being particularly advantageous.
- the pyrolysis temperatures of rubber should not be considered alone.
- Good compatibility of the rubbers with each other is also advantageous for fire protection. Better compatibility usually means improved fire protection behavior of the mixture.
- the significantly better compatibility of CR with NBR compared to CR with NR is particularly evident in the form of significantly smaller polymer domains in the CR/NBR blend, resulting in higher strength, greater elongation at break and a stronger polymer structure, among other things.
- a stronger polymer structure will remain stable for a longer period of time in the event of a fire.
- Higher strengths and larger elongations at break are usually better for dynamic efficiency.
- the CR rubber also has the advantage of its self-extinguishing properties.
- the base body can either be made up of only layer D or contain at least one additional layer.
- layer D preferably forms the outermost, i.e. outward-facing, layer of the article.
- the layer D it is also possible for the layer D to be embedded between further layers or to form the inner layer. In the latter case, layer D then replaces layer A below. If layer D is the outermost layer or if layer D is embedded between further layers, it is possible in a preferred embodiment that layer D does not completely encompass the base body but is only partially present, especially on the Places that are particularly exposed in terms of fire hazard.
- a further layer A can be present, which forms the so-called “inner cap” and is made up of an elastomer mixture and has particularly good elastic properties.
- the elastomer mixture is a vulcanizable, preferably thermoplastic-free, rubber mixture containing at least one rubber component and other mixture ingredients.
- ethylene-propylene rubber EPM
- ethylene-propylene-diene rubber EPDM
- nitrile rubber NBR
- carboxylated nitrile rubber XNBR
- FKM fluorine rubber
- chloroprene rubber CR
- natural rubber NR
- epoxidized natural rubber ENR
- isoprene rubber IR
- SBR styrene butadiene rubber
- XSBR carboxylated styrene butadiene rubber
- IIR IIR
- Bromobutyl Rubber BIIR
- Chlorobutyl Rubber CIIR
- Brominated Copolymer of Isobutylene and Paramethylstyrene BIMS
- Butadiene Rubber BR
- Chlorinated Polyethylene CM
- Chlorosulfonated Polyethylene CSM
- Alkylated Chlorosulfonated Polyethylene ACS
- the aforementioned types of rubber can be unblended. It is also possible to use a blend.
- the usual mixture ingredients include at least one crosslinker or a crosslinker system (crosslinking agent and accelerator). Additional mixture ingredients are usually at least one filler and/or at least one processing aid and/or at least one plasticizer, such as phosphoric acid ester plasticizer, and/or at least one anti-aging agent, and optionally other additives, such as color pigments, reinforcing fibers, etc.
- composition of the rubber mixture of layer A can be qualitatively and/or quantitatively the same as or different from the rubber mixture of layer D.
- the rubber mixture of layer A is qualitatively and quantitatively identical to the rubber mixture of layer D, i.e. it is also fire-retardant, then in the event of a fire the flammable gases and substances that form cannot escape to the outside or only with a delay and thus do not or only less than usual intensify an article fire .
- This is preferably a cord fabric made from one or more layers, preferably from two layers, which has good adhesion to the other layers that are in direct contact with it.
- the layer B all known synthetic and natural materials can be used alone or in combination, i.e. as a hybrid fabric.
- Synthetic materials are, in particular, synthetic polymers such as acrylonitrile, polyacrylonitrile, polypropylene, polyester, polyamide, polyurethane, polyphenylene sulfide, polyoxadiazole, aramids such as p-aramid, m-aramid or co-poly para-aramid, polyimide, polyetherimide, polyetheretherketone, Polyethylene-2,6-naphthalate, polyphenylene, polyphenylene oxide, polyphenylene sulfide, polyphenylene ether, polybenzoxazole, polyvinyl alcohol.
- the natural materials can be rock wool or asbestos, or cotton, flax or hemp, or wool or silk.
- Inorganic materials such as glass, ceramic, carbon, metal such as steel, or rock such as basalt are also conceivable.
- It is preferably polyamide, in particular PA6.6, or polyester alone or in combination.
- the cord fabric can be rubberized or friction-coated on one or both sides.
- a composition which is quantitatively and/or qualitatively equal to the composition for layer A or quantitatively and/or qualitatively equal to the composition for layer D can preferably be used for the gumming. This simplifies the manufacturing process of the article and contributes to a dynamically suitable adhesion system.
- the article is preferably an air spring bellows, a metal-rubber element, a vibration damper or a bearing, for example a box bearing or a cone bearing, in particular a molded article for rubber-sprung rail vehicle wheels.
- composition E1 according to the invention for layer D offers significant advantages in terms of tear strength and tensile strength.
- the MARHE value of El meets the requirements of HL2, but is slightly worse than that of comparison mixture VI.
- the MARHE value describes the average maximum value of the heat release rate averaged over time in relation to the duration of the test.
- El completely compensates for this slight deterioration with the significantly better values compared to VI with regard to smoke development.
- the advantages of the mixture according to the invention for layer D are particularly striking.
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE102021203369 | 2021-04-01 | ||
| DE102022202035.9A DE102022202035A1 (de) | 2021-04-01 | 2022-02-28 | Artikel, insbesondere ein Luftfederbalg, ein Metall-Gummi-Element oder ein Schwingungsdämpfer |
| PCT/DE2022/200030 WO2022207041A1 (de) | 2021-04-01 | 2022-03-01 | Artikel, insbesondere ein luftfederbalg, ein metall-gummi-element oder ein schwingungsdämpfer |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP4314138A1 true EP4314138A1 (de) | 2024-02-07 |
Family
ID=80819586
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP22711477.4A Pending EP4314138A1 (de) | 2021-04-01 | 2022-03-01 | Artikel, insbesondere ein luftfederbalg, ein metall-gummi-element oder ein schwingungsdämpfer |
Country Status (2)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP4314138A1 (de) |
| WO (1) | WO2022207041A1 (de) |
Family Cites Families (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FR3049029B1 (fr) | 2016-03-18 | 2018-03-09 | Hutchinson | Dispositif antivibratoire tenant au feu destine a une application ferroviaire |
| DE102016215333A1 (de) | 2016-08-17 | 2018-02-22 | Contitech Luftfedersysteme Gmbh | Artikel, insbesondere ein Luftfederbalg, ein Metall-Gummi-Element oder ein Schwingungsdämpfer |
| DK3388477T3 (da) * | 2017-04-11 | 2020-01-13 | Armacell Entpr Gmbh & Co Kg | Ekspansionssystem til fleksible isoleringsskummaterialer |
| DE102017223541A1 (de) * | 2017-12-21 | 2019-06-27 | Contitech Luftfedersysteme Gmbh | Artikel, insbesondere ein Luftfederbalg, ein Metall-Gummi-Element oder ein Schwingungsdämpfer |
| US11118035B2 (en) * | 2019-01-14 | 2021-09-14 | Armacell Enterprise Gmbh & Co. Kg | Highly fire-resistant expanded polymeric material |
-
2022
- 2022-03-01 WO PCT/DE2022/200030 patent/WO2022207041A1/de not_active Ceased
- 2022-03-01 EP EP22711477.4A patent/EP4314138A1/de active Pending
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| WO2022207041A1 (de) | 2022-10-06 |
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| STAA | Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent |
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| 17P | Request for examination filed |
Effective date: 20231102 |
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Owner name: CONTITECH DEUTSCHLAND GMBH |