EP4303375A1 - Kit for mounting a cantilevered balcony - Google Patents

Kit for mounting a cantilevered balcony Download PDF

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Publication number
EP4303375A1
EP4303375A1 EP23180958.3A EP23180958A EP4303375A1 EP 4303375 A1 EP4303375 A1 EP 4303375A1 EP 23180958 A EP23180958 A EP 23180958A EP 4303375 A1 EP4303375 A1 EP 4303375A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
elements
supporting
composite material
kit according
plates
Prior art date
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Pending
Application number
EP23180958.3A
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German (de)
French (fr)
Inventor
Michael Tixier
Antoine LITAISE
Steve WILLEMS
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Epsilon Composite SA
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Epsilon Composite SA
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Publication date
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Publication of EP4303375A1 publication Critical patent/EP4303375A1/en
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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/003—Balconies; Decks

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a kit for mounting a cantilevered balcony. It also relates to the balcony mounted using the kit, as well as a method of mounting the balcony.
  • a balcony is a platform projecting from a facade, limited outwards by a vertical structure forming a guardrail.
  • the balcony is consoled from the facade.
  • a balcony is said to be attached (or detached) when its framework does not form a monolithic whole in continuity with that of the building.
  • the two frames are juxtaposed and connected to each other by fixing members.
  • the cantilevered balconies are directly recessed into the facade.
  • This type of structure is composed of a supporting metal frame and point fixings of the frame by metal plates on the support building.
  • the present invention aims to remedy these drawbacks.
  • the subject of the invention is therefore a kit for mounting a cantilevered balcony.
  • the kit structure is made up of lightweight parts which can be handled by rope access technicians working on the facade.
  • the gain in mass brought to the structure makes it possible to increase the maximum admissible span for the balcony.
  • the use of composite materials makes it possible to limit the risks of corrosion compared to the metals which are traditionally used in attached balconies.
  • the supporting floor can be made of composite material and/or the covering elements of the supporting floor can be made of composite material.
  • the kit may also include a guardrail and typically a surface covering intended to cover the supporting floor.
  • the anchoring elements, the plates intended for fixing supporting elements and the plates intended for fixing a guardrail are advantageously made of stainless steel, or of composite material based on structural fiber such as for example carbon fiber, glass, boron, basalt or any other structural fibers making it possible to satisfy the mechanical specifications while limiting the risks of corrosion galvanic when brought into contact with a composite material containing carbon fibers.
  • the composite material of the supporting elements can be chosen from composite materials based on a thermoplastic or thermosetting matrix, in particular reinforced with long fibers (>5cm) such as for example carbon, glass, silica, boron, basalt, aramid or fibers.
  • thermoplastics such as fibers made of PAEK (polyaryletherketone), PEEK (polyetheretherketone), PPS (Polyphenylene Sulphide), PEI (polyetherimide), PA (polyamide), PP (polypropylene) or PE (polyethylene).
  • the supporting elements are made of composite material with a thermosetting matrix of the epoxy type reinforced by glass and/or carbon fibers.
  • the supporting elements are manufactured by pultrusion in order to have a porosity rate in the material less than or equal to 2%. This low porosity rate makes it possible to limit the risk of microcracking of the supporting elements generated by the freezing and thawing of water after absorption of humidity in the porosities of the material during their exposure to climatic constraints.
  • the high rate of structural fiber by volume between 60 and 70% also makes it possible to limit the absorption of humidity mainly linked to the absorption of humidity by the matrix containing the structural fibers.
  • the composite material of the supporting floor can be chosen from composite materials based on a thermoplastic or thermosetting matrix, in particular reinforced with long fibers (>5cm) such as for example carbon fibers, glass, silica, boron, basalt, aramid or fibers thermoplastics such as for example fibers made of PAEK (polyaryletherketones), PEEK (polyetheretherketone), PPS (Polyphenylene Sulphide), PEI (polyetherimide), PA (polyamide), PP (polypropylene) or PE (polyethylene).
  • PAEK polyaryletherketones
  • PEEK polyetheretherketone
  • PPS Polyphenylene Sulphide
  • PEI polyetherimide
  • PA polyamide
  • PP polypropylene
  • PE polyethylene
  • the supporting floor is made of composite material with a thermosetting matrix reinforced by glass fibers.
  • the floors are made by molding two skins of composite material reinforced with fiberglass around a central core.
  • the central core can be of the honeycomb type, for example the honeycomb sold under the name Nomex® by the company Du Pont de Nemours.
  • the central core can be of structural foam type such as for example extruded PVC (polyvinyl chloride) or ABS (acrylonitrile butadiene styrene) foams.
  • PVC polyvinyl chloride
  • ABS acrylonitrile butadiene styrene
  • the material of the covering elements of the supporting floor can be chosen from materials presenting no risk of chemical reaction with the supporting elements, such as for example stainless steels, composite materials, thermoplastics.
  • the supporting elements can be made of composite material with a thermosetting matrix of the epoxy type reinforced by glass and/or carbon fibers
  • the supporting floor can be made of composite material with a thermosetting matrix reinforced by glass fibers
  • the material of the covering elements of the supporting floor are chosen from stainless steels, composite materials, thermoplastics.
  • the invention also relates to a cantilevered balcony.
  • the balcony according to the invention is obtained by assembling a kit described above.
  • the invention also relates to a method of mounting a cantilevered balcony on a facade.
  • the method according to the invention uses a kit described above.
  • the process can continue by installing a guardrail and installing a surface covering on the floor.
  • a first step we carry out drilling 3 in a slab 2 of a facade ( figure 2 ).
  • the holes 3 are intended to accommodate threaded rods 4, which are typically made of stainless steel.
  • threaded rods 4 which are typically made of stainless steel.
  • three groups of four holes 3 are drilled, the holes 3 being able to be distributed in each group at the vertices of a square.
  • floor 12 On the other side of facade 2, inside the building, is floor 12.
  • the threaded rods 4 are placed in the holes 3, for example by chemical sealing and/or by mechanical anchoring ( Figure 3 ).
  • the threaded rods 4 are intended for fixing plates 5 ( Figure 4 ). Between the facade 2 and the plates 5, thermally insulating wedges can be placed (not shown).
  • the plates are fixing elements allowing to receive supporting elements of the balcony.
  • a plate is in fact an assembly plate placed at the ends of posts or beams, fixed by welding, gluing and/or mechanical anchoring of the screw/nut type, or another means in a plane most often perpendicular to the axis longitudinal of the part.
  • Three plates 5 can be used, namely two L-shaped side plates and a central T-shaped plate.
  • the plates 5 are provided with holes for the passage of screws.
  • Supporting elements such as beams 6 (or beams) are then fixed on the plates 5.
  • the beams 6 can be screwed or glued-screwed onto the plates 5.
  • the beams 6 extend longitudinally and horizontally in a direction perpendicular to the vertical facade 2 ( Figure 5 ). This step of fixing the beams can be carried out by a rope access technician.
  • three beams are used, including two side beams with a U-shaped profile and a central beam with a double U-shaped profile. However, more beams can be used.
  • the beams are advantageously made of composite material, for example a material based on carbon fibers, possibly mixed with glass fibers. It is also possible to use a material comprising fibers of carbon and synthetic fibers (polymer type) and/or polymer layers.
  • a fifth step, illustrated in Figure 6 we then fix on the beams 6 plates 7 intended for the subsequent fixing of the guardrail.
  • the plates 7 can be screwed or glued-screwed onto the beams 6.
  • a plate 7 can be placed outside and halfway along each side beam.
  • plates 7 can be arranged on the free longitudinal end of each beam 6. The same plates as those of the latter can be used for these latter plates 7.
  • Figure 4 namely two L-shaped side plates and a T-shaped central plate.
  • the plates 7 are provided with holes for the passage of screws.
  • the sixth step consists of fixing a floor 8 on the beams 6.
  • the floor 8 can comprise two plates 8a, each plate 8a being horizontally arranged on a side beam and on part of the central beam ( Figure 7 ).
  • the plates 8a can be screwed, glued or screwed-glued to the beams 6.
  • the floor is advantageously made of a composite material.
  • the covering elements may include three vertical covering elements called slab noses 9 which extend vertically, including a central slab nose parallel to the facade and two lateral slab noses perpendicular to the facade.
  • the covering elements may also include a lower covering element called underside which extends horizontally under the balcony.
  • a slab nose is a finishing profile which is placed at the end of the slab to provide an aesthetic final result.
  • a slab nose is a profile which allows both to protect the slab of a balcony while providing a decorative side and a perfect finish to this balcony.
  • the eighth step of the process is a step of installing a guardrail 10 ( Figure 9 ).
  • the guardrail also called a balustrade or guardrail, is a protective barrier.
  • the guardrail must not generate corrosion. It is advantageously made of composite material.
  • the assembly process of the balcony 1 ends with the installation of a surface covering 11 on the floor ( Figure 10 ).
  • the surface covering can be tiles or polished concrete.
  • the invention thus proposes a balcony kit of the cantilever balcony type, attached to an existing structure of a new or old building.
  • the kit structure is made up of lightweight parts that can be handled by rope access technicians working on the facade.
  • the gain in mass brought to the structure makes it possible to increase the maximum admissible span for the balcony.
  • composite materials makes it possible to limit the risks of corrosion of the metals traditionally used for attached structures.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Floor Finish (AREA)
  • Steps, Ramps, And Handrails (AREA)

Abstract

La présente invention concerne un kit de montage d'un balcon rapporté en porte à faux, caractérisé en ce qu'il comprend :- des éléments d'ancrage,- des platines (5) destinées à la fixation d'éléments porteurs,- des éléments porteurs (6) en matériau composite,- des platines (7) destinées à la fixation d'un garde-corps (10),- un plancher porteur (8), et- des éléments de recouvrement du plancher porteur.The present invention relates to a kit for mounting a cantilevered balcony, characterized in that it comprises: - anchoring elements, - plates (5) intended for fixing supporting elements, - supporting elements (6) made of composite material, - plates (7) intended for fixing a guardrail (10), - a supporting floor (8), and - covering elements of the supporting floor.

Description

La présente invention a pour objet un kit de montage d'un balcon rapporté en porte à faux. Elle a également pour objet le balcon monté à l'aide du kit, ainsi qu'un procédé de montage du balcon.The present invention relates to a kit for mounting a cantilevered balcony. It also relates to the balcony mounted using the kit, as well as a method of mounting the balcony.

Un balcon est une plate-forme en saillie d'une façade, limitée vers l'extérieur par un ouvrage vertical formant un garde-corps. Le balcon se trouve en console à partir de la façade. Un balcon est dit rapporté (ou désolidarisé) lorsque son ossature ne forme pas un ensemble monolithique en continuité de celle du bâtiment. Les deux ossatures sont juxtaposées et reliées entre elles par des organes de fixation.A balcony is a platform projecting from a facade, limited outwards by a vertical structure forming a guardrail. The balcony is consoled from the facade. A balcony is said to be attached (or detached) when its framework does not form a monolithic whole in continuity with that of the building. The two frames are juxtaposed and connected to each other by fixing members.

Tel qu'illustré à la figure 1, les conceptions les plus courantes de balcons rapportés sont :

  1. (a) les balcons en porte à faux 1a ;
  2. (b) les balcons suspendus 1b ;
  3. (c) les balcons en appui 1c ;
  4. (d) les balcons autoportants 1d.
As illustrated in figure 1 , the most common designs of reported balconies are:
  1. (a) cantilever balconies 1a;
  2. (b) suspended balconies 1b;
  3. (c) the balconies supporting 1c;
  4. (d) freestanding balconies 1d.

La suite de la description est consacrée aux balcons en porte à faux.The rest of the description is devoted to cantilevered balconies.

Les balcons en porte à faux sont directement encastrés à la façade. Ce type de structure est composé d'un cadre métallique porteur et de fixations ponctuelles du cadre par platines métalliques sur le bâtiment support.The cantilevered balconies are directly recessed into the facade. This type of structure is composed of a supporting metal frame and point fixings of the frame by metal plates on the support building.

On connaît des balcons rapportés en porte à faux dont toute la structure est métallique. Ces balcons ont pour inconvénient que les coûts de pose et d'installation par le biais d'un échafaudage ou d'une grue représentent la charge financière la plus importante. En effet, le poids important de la structure métallique nécessite une installation avec des moyens lourds de manutention. En outre, ce poids limite la portée du balcon. Enfin, les problématiques de corrosion de tels balcons métalliques rendent la fréquence d'entretien, de nettoyage, et de reprise en peinture particulièrement importante.We know of cantilevered balconies whose entire structure is metallic. The disadvantage of these balconies is that the costs of installation and installation via scaffolding or crane represent the greatest financial burden. Indeed, the significant weight of the metal structure requires installation with heavy handling means. In addition, this weight limits the range of the balcony. Finally, the corrosion problems of such metal balconies make the frequency of maintenance, cleaning, and repainting particularly important.

Il est également connu, tel que décrit dans le document de brevet US 8,776,448 B2 , de mettre en oeuvre un balcon en matériaux composites. Un tel balcon a toutefois pour inconvénient d'être une structure monobloc fixée sur les ferraillages des dalles du bâtiment, qui n'est pas adaptée à des solutions de renfort sur un bâtiment existant. En outre, une telle structure monobloc est difficilement montable par des cordistes.It is also known, as described in the patent document US 8,776,448 B2 , to implement a balcony in composite materials. However, such a balcony has the disadvantage of being a one-piece structure fixed to the reinforcement of the building slabs, which is not suitable for reinforcement solutions on an existing building. In addition, such a one-piece structure is difficult to assemble by rope access technicians.

La présente invention vise à remédier à ces inconvénients.The present invention aims to remedy these drawbacks.

L'invention a ainsi pour objet un kit de montage d'un balcon rapporté en porte à faux.The subject of the invention is therefore a kit for mounting a cantilevered balcony.

Le kit de montage selon l'invention comprend :

  • des éléments d'ancrage, comme par exemple des tiges filetées, qui peuvent être scellées chimiquement et/ ou mécaniquement dans l'ouvrage porteur,
  • des platines destinées à la fixation d'éléments porteurs,
  • des éléments porteurs en matériau composite,
  • des platines destinées à la fixation d'un garde-corps,
  • un plancher porteur, par exemple réalisé en matériau composite, et
  • des éléments de recouvrement du plancher porteur, lesdits éléments de recouvrement étant par exemple réalisés en matériau composite.
The assembly kit according to the invention comprises:
  • anchoring elements, such as for example threaded rods, which can be chemically and/or mechanically sealed in the supporting structure,
  • plates intended for fixing supporting elements,
  • load-bearing elements made of composite material,
  • plates intended for fixing a guardrail,
  • a supporting floor, for example made of composite material, and
  • covering elements of the supporting floor, said covering elements being for example made of composite material.

Ainsi, la structure en kit est constituée de pièces légères qui sont manipulables par des cordistes travaillant en façade. Le gain de masse apporté à la structure permet d'augmenter la portée maximale admissible pour le balcon. Enfin, l'utilisation de matériaux composites permet de limiter les risques de corrosion par rapport aux métaux qui sont traditionnellement utilisés dans les balcons rapportés.Thus, the kit structure is made up of lightweight parts which can be handled by rope access technicians working on the facade. The gain in mass brought to the structure makes it possible to increase the maximum admissible span for the balcony. Finally, the use of composite materials makes it possible to limit the risks of corrosion compared to the metals which are traditionally used in attached balconies.

Le plancher porteur peut être réalisé en matériau composite et/ou les éléments de recouvrement du plancher porteur peuvent être réalisés en matériau composite.The supporting floor can be made of composite material and/or the covering elements of the supporting floor can be made of composite material.

Le kit peut comprendre en outre un garde-corps et typiquement un revêtement de surface destiné à recouvrir le plancher porteur.The kit may also include a guardrail and typically a surface covering intended to cover the supporting floor.

Les éléments d'ancrage, les platines destinées à la fixation d'éléments porteurs et les platines destinées à la fixation d'un garde-corps sont avantageusement réalisés en acier inoxydable, ou en matériau composite à base de fibre structurelle comme par exemple la fibre de carbone, de verre, de bore, de basalte ou toutes autres fibres structurelles permettant de satisfaire le cahier des charges mécaniques en limitant les risques de corrosion galvanique lors de la mise en contact avec un matériau composite contenant des fibres de carbone.The anchoring elements, the plates intended for fixing supporting elements and the plates intended for fixing a guardrail are advantageously made of stainless steel, or of composite material based on structural fiber such as for example carbon fiber, glass, boron, basalt or any other structural fibers making it possible to satisfy the mechanical specifications while limiting the risks of corrosion galvanic when brought into contact with a composite material containing carbon fibers.

Le matériau composite des éléments porteurs peut être choisi parmi les matériaux composites à base de matrice thermoplastique ou thermodurcissable, notamment renforcée de fibres longues (>5cm) comme par exemple les fibres de carbone, verre, silice, bore, basalte, aramide ou de fibres thermoplastiques comme par exemple les fibres en PAEK (polyaryléthercétone), PEEK (polyétheréthercétone), PPS (Polyphénylène Sulphide), PEI (polyétherimide), PA (polyamide), PP (polypropylène) ou PE (polyéthylène).The composite material of the supporting elements can be chosen from composite materials based on a thermoplastic or thermosetting matrix, in particular reinforced with long fibers (>5cm) such as for example carbon, glass, silica, boron, basalt, aramid or fibers. thermoplastics such as fibers made of PAEK (polyaryletherketone), PEEK (polyetheretherketone), PPS (Polyphenylene Sulphide), PEI (polyetherimide), PA (polyamide), PP (polypropylene) or PE (polyethylene).

Dans un mode privilégié, les éléments porteurs sont réalisés en matériau composite à matrice thermodurcissable de type époxy renforcée par des fibres de verre et/ou de carbone.In a preferred mode, the supporting elements are made of composite material with a thermosetting matrix of the epoxy type reinforced by glass and/or carbon fibers.

Dans un mode privilégié, les éléments porteurs sont fabriqués par pultrusion afin d'avoir un taux de porosité dans le matériau inférieur ou égal à 2%. Ce taux bas de porosité permet de limiter le risque de microfissuration des éléments porteurs généré par le gel et le dégel de l'eau après absorption d'humidité dans les porosités du matériau lors de leur exposition aux contraintes climatiques.In a preferred mode, the supporting elements are manufactured by pultrusion in order to have a porosity rate in the material less than or equal to 2%. This low porosity rate makes it possible to limit the risk of microcracking of the supporting elements generated by the freezing and thawing of water after absorption of humidity in the porosities of the material during their exposure to climatic constraints.

Dans ce même mode privilégié de fabrication par pultrusion, le haut taux de fibre structurelle en volume entre 60 et 70% permet également de limiter l'absorption d'humidité majoritairement liée à l'absorption d'humidité par la matrice contenant les fibres structurelles.In this same preferred method of manufacturing by pultrusion, the high rate of structural fiber by volume between 60 and 70% also makes it possible to limit the absorption of humidity mainly linked to the absorption of humidity by the matrix containing the structural fibers.

Le matériau composite du plancher porteur peut être choisi parmi les matériaux composites à base de matrice thermoplastique ou thermodurcissable, notamment renforcée de fibres longues (>5cm) comme par exemple les fibres de carbone, verre, silice, bore, basalte, aramide ou de fibres thermoplastiques comme par exemple les fibres en PAEK (polyaryléthercétones), PEEK (polyétheréthercétone), PPS (Polyphénylène Sulphide), PEI (polyétherimide), PA (polyamide), PP (polypropylène) ou PE (polyéthylène).The composite material of the supporting floor can be chosen from composite materials based on a thermoplastic or thermosetting matrix, in particular reinforced with long fibers (>5cm) such as for example carbon fibers, glass, silica, boron, basalt, aramid or fibers thermoplastics such as for example fibers made of PAEK (polyaryletherketones), PEEK (polyetheretherketone), PPS (Polyphenylene Sulphide), PEI (polyetherimide), PA (polyamide), PP (polypropylene) or PE (polyethylene).

Dans un mode privilégié, le plancher porteur est réalisé en matériau composite à matrice thermodurcissable renforcée par des fibres de verre.In a preferred mode, the supporting floor is made of composite material with a thermosetting matrix reinforced by glass fibers.

Dans un mode privilégié, les planchers sont réalisés par moulage de deux peaux en matériau composite renforcé de fibre de verre autour d'un noyau central.In a preferred mode, the floors are made by molding two skins of composite material reinforced with fiberglass around a central core.

Dans un mode privilégié, le noyau central peut être de type nid d'abeille comme par exemple le nid d'abeille commercialisé sous la dénomination Nomex® par la société Du Pont de Nemours.In a preferred mode, the central core can be of the honeycomb type, for example the honeycomb sold under the name Nomex® by the company Du Pont de Nemours.

Dans un second mode privilégié, le noyau central peut être de type mousse structurelle comme par exemple les mousses PVC (polychlorure de vinyle) ou ABS (acrylonitrile butadiène styrène) extrudé.In a second preferred mode, the central core can be of structural foam type such as for example extruded PVC (polyvinyl chloride) or ABS (acrylonitrile butadiene styrene) foams.

Le matériau des éléments de recouvrement du plancher porteur peut être choisi parmi les matériaux ne présentant pas de risque de réaction chimique avec les éléments porteurs, comme par exemple les aciers inoxydables, les matériaux composites, les thermoplastiques.The material of the covering elements of the supporting floor can be chosen from materials presenting no risk of chemical reaction with the supporting elements, such as for example stainless steels, composite materials, thermoplastics.

Les éléments porteurs peuvent être réalisés en matériau composite à matrice thermodurcissable de type époxy renforcée par des fibres de verre et/ou de carbone, le plancher porteur peut être réalisé en matériau composite à matrice thermodurcissable renforcée par des fibres de verre, et le matériau des éléments de recouvrement du plancher porteur est choisi parmi les aciers inoxydables, les matériaux composites, les thermoplastiques.The supporting elements can be made of composite material with a thermosetting matrix of the epoxy type reinforced by glass and/or carbon fibers, the supporting floor can be made of composite material with a thermosetting matrix reinforced by glass fibers, and the material of the covering elements of the supporting floor are chosen from stainless steels, composite materials, thermoplastics.

L'invention a également pour objet un balcon rapporté en porte à faux. Le balcon selon l'invention est obtenu par montage d'un kit décrit ci-dessus.The invention also relates to a cantilevered balcony. The balcony according to the invention is obtained by assembling a kit described above.

L'invention a également pour objet un procédé de montage d'un balcon rapporté en porte à faux sur une façade. Le procédé selon l'invention met en oeuvre un kit décrit ci-dessus.The invention also relates to a method of mounting a cantilevered balcony on a facade. The method according to the invention uses a kit described above.

Le procédé peut comprendre les étapes suivantes :

  • formation de perçages dans une dalle de la façade,
  • disposition d'éléments d'ancrage dans les perçages, et fixation chimique et/ou mécanique desdits éléments d'ancrage,
  • fixation de platines sur la dalle,
  • fixation d'éléments porteurs sur les platines,
  • fixation de platines pour garde-corps sur les éléments porteurs,
  • fixation d'un plancher sur les éléments porteurs, et
  • pose d'éléments de recouvrement autour du plancher et sous les éléments porteurs.
The process may include the following steps:
  • formation of holes in a facade slab,
  • arrangement of anchoring elements in the holes, and chemical and/or mechanical fixing of said anchoring elements,
  • fixing plates on the slab,
  • fixing of supporting elements on the plates,
  • fixing plates for guardrails on the supporting elements,
  • fixing a floor on the supporting elements, and
  • installation of covering elements around the floor and under the supporting elements.

Le procédé peut se poursuivre par la pose d'un garde-corps et par la pose d'un revêtement de surface sur le plancher.The process can continue by installing a guardrail and installing a surface covering on the floor.

D'autres avantages et particularités de la présente invention résulteront de la description qui va suivre, donnée à titre d'exemple non limitatif et faite en référence aux figures annexées :

  • [Fig. 1], déjà décrite, est une vue schématique en perspective de différents balcons rapportés,
  • [Fig. 2] illustre une première étape de construction d'un balcon rapporté en porte à faux selon l'invention,
  • [Fig. 3] illustre une deuxième étape de construction d'un balcon rapporté en porte à faux selon l'invention,
  • [Fig. 4] illustre une troisième étape de construction d'un balcon rapporté en porte à faux selon l'invention,
  • [Fig. 5] illustre une quatrième étape de construction d'un balcon rapporté en porte à faux selon l'invention,
  • [Fig. 6] illustre une cinquième étape de construction d'un balcon rapporté en porte à faux selon l'invention,
  • [Fig. 7] illustre une sixième étape de construction d'un balcon rapporté en porte à faux selon l'invention,
  • [Fig. 8] illustre une septième étape de construction d'un balcon rapporté en porte à faux selon l'invention,
  • [Fig. 9] illustre une huitième étape de construction d'un balcon rapporté en porte à faux selon l'invention, et
  • [Fig. 10] illustre une neuvième étape de construction d'un balcon rapporté en porte à faux selon l'invention.
Other advantages and particularities of the present invention will result from the description which follows, given by way of non-limiting example and made with reference to the appended figures:
  • [ Fig. 1 ], already described, is a schematic perspective view of different added balconies,
  • [ Fig. 2 ] illustrates a first stage of construction of a cantilevered balcony according to the invention,
  • [ Fig. 3 ] illustrates a second stage of construction of a cantilevered balcony according to the invention,
  • [ Fig. 4 ] illustrates a third stage of construction of a cantilevered balcony according to the invention,
  • [ Fig. 5 ] illustrates a fourth stage of construction of a cantilevered balcony according to the invention,
  • [ Fig. 6 ] illustrates a fifth step of construction of a cantilevered balcony according to the invention,
  • [ Fig. 7 ] illustrates a sixth step of construction of a cantilevered balcony according to the invention,
  • [ Fig. 8 ] illustrates a seventh step of construction of a cantilevered balcony according to the invention,
  • [ Fig. 9 ] illustrates an eighth step of construction of a cantilevered balcony according to the invention, and
  • [ Fig. 10 ] illustrates a ninth step of construction of a cantilevered balcony according to the invention.

DESCRIPTION DETAILLEEDETAILED DESCRIPTION

La suite de la description est consacrée à un procédé de construction d'un balcon rapporté en porte à faux, et qui met en oeuvre un kit selon l'invention.The remainder of the description is devoted to a method of constructing a cantilevered balcony, and which uses a kit according to the invention.

Dans une première étape, on procède à des perçages 3 dans une dalle 2 d'une façade (figure 2). Les perçages 3 sont destinés à accueillir des tiges filetées 4, qui sont typiquement en acier inoxydable. On perce par exemple trois groupes de quatre perçages 3, les perçages 3 pouvant être répartis dans chaque groupe aux sommets d'un carré. De l'autre côté de la façade 2, à l'intérieur du bâtiment, se trouve un plancher 12.In a first step, we carry out drilling 3 in a slab 2 of a facade ( figure 2 ). The holes 3 are intended to accommodate threaded rods 4, which are typically made of stainless steel. For example, three groups of four holes 3 are drilled, the holes 3 being able to be distributed in each group at the vertices of a square. On the other side of facade 2, inside the building, is floor 12.

Dans une deuxième étape, on dispose les tiges filetées 4 dans les perçages 3, par exemple par scellement chimique et/ou par ancrage mécanique (figure 3).In a second step, the threaded rods 4 are placed in the holes 3, for example by chemical sealing and/or by mechanical anchoring ( Figure 3 ).

Les tiges filetées 4 sont destinées à la fixation de platines 5 (figure 4). Entre la façade 2 et les platines 5, on peut disposer des cales thermiquement isolantes (non représentées). Les platines sont des éléments de fixation permettant de recevoir des éléments porteurs du balcon. Une platine est en effet une plaque d'assemblage disposée aux extrémités de poteaux ou de poutres, fixée par soudage, collage et/ou ancrage mécanique de type vis/écrou, ou un autre moyen dans un plan le plus souvent perpendiculaire à l'axe longitudinal de la pièce. On peut mettre en oeuvre trois platines 5, à savoir deux platines latérales en forme de L et une platine centrale en forme de T. Les platines 5 sont munies de perçages pour le passage de vis.The threaded rods 4 are intended for fixing plates 5 ( Figure 4 ). Between the facade 2 and the plates 5, thermally insulating wedges can be placed (not shown). The plates are fixing elements allowing to receive supporting elements of the balcony. A plate is in fact an assembly plate placed at the ends of posts or beams, fixed by welding, gluing and/or mechanical anchoring of the screw/nut type, or another means in a plane most often perpendicular to the axis longitudinal of the part. Three plates 5 can be used, namely two L-shaped side plates and a central T-shaped plate. The plates 5 are provided with holes for the passage of screws.

Des éléments porteurs tels que des poutres 6 (ou longerons) sont ensuite fixés sur les platines 5. Les poutres 6 peuvent être vissées ou collées-vissées sur les platines 5. Les poutres 6 s'étendent longitudinalement et horizontalement dans une direction perpendiculaire à la façade verticale 2 (figure 5). Cette étape de fixation des poutres peut être réalisée par un cordiste. Dans l'exemple illustré, on utilise trois poutres, dont deux poutres latérales à profil en forme de U et une poutre centrale à double profil en forme de U. On peut toutefois mettre en oeuvre davantage de poutres.Supporting elements such as beams 6 (or beams) are then fixed on the plates 5. The beams 6 can be screwed or glued-screwed onto the plates 5. The beams 6 extend longitudinally and horizontally in a direction perpendicular to the vertical facade 2 ( Figure 5 ). This step of fixing the beams can be carried out by a rope access technician. In the example illustrated, three beams are used, including two side beams with a U-shaped profile and a central beam with a double U-shaped profile. However, more beams can be used.

Les poutres sont avantageusement en matériau composite, par exemple en un matériau à base de fibres de carbone, éventuellement mélangées à des fibres de verre. On peut également utiliser un matériau comprenant des fibres de carbone et des fibres synthétiques (de type polymère) et/ou des couches de polymère.The beams are advantageously made of composite material, for example a material based on carbon fibers, possibly mixed with glass fibers. It is also possible to use a material comprising fibers of carbon and synthetic fibers (polymer type) and/or polymer layers.

Dans une cinquième étape, illustrée à la figure 6, on fixe ensuite sur les poutres 6 des platines 7 destinées à la fixation ultérieure du garde-corps. Les platines 7 peuvent être vissées ou collées-vissées sur les poutres 6. A titre d'exemple, une platine 7 peut être disposée à l'extérieur et à mi-longueur sur chaque poutre latérale. En outre, des platines 7 peuvent être disposées sur l'extrémité longitudinale libre de chaque poutre 6. On peut utiliser pour ces dernières platines 7 les mêmes platines que celles de la figure 4, à savoir deux platines latérales en forme de L et une platine centrale en forme de T. Les platines 7 sont munies de perçages pour le passage de vis.In a fifth step, illustrated in Figure 6 , we then fix on the beams 6 plates 7 intended for the subsequent fixing of the guardrail. The plates 7 can be screwed or glued-screwed onto the beams 6. For example, a plate 7 can be placed outside and halfway along each side beam. In addition, plates 7 can be arranged on the free longitudinal end of each beam 6. The same plates as those of the latter can be used for these latter plates 7. Figure 4 , namely two L-shaped side plates and a T-shaped central plate. The plates 7 are provided with holes for the passage of screws.

La sixième étape consiste à fixer un plancher 8 sur les poutres 6. Le plancher 8 peut comprendre deux plaques 8a, chaque plaque 8a étant horizontalement disposée sur une poutre latérale et sur une partie de la poutre centrale (figure 7). Les plaques 8a peuvent être vissées, collées ou vissées-collées sur les poutres 6. Le plancher est avantageusement en un matériau composite.The sixth step consists of fixing a floor 8 on the beams 6. The floor 8 can comprise two plates 8a, each plate 8a being horizontally arranged on a side beam and on part of the central beam ( Figure 7 ). The plates 8a can be screwed, glued or screwed-glued to the beams 6. The floor is advantageously made of a composite material.

Le procédé se poursuit par la pose d'éléments de recouvrement 9 (figure 8). Les éléments de recouvrement peuvent comprendre trois éléments de recouvrement verticaux appelés nez de dalle 9 qui s'étendent verticalement, dont un nez de dalle central parallèle à la façade et deux nez de dalle latéraux perpendiculaires à la façade. Les éléments de recouvrement peuvent également comprendre un élément de recouvrement inférieur appelé sous face qui s'étend horizontalement sous le balcon.The process continues with the installation of covering elements 9 ( figure 8 ). The covering elements may include three vertical covering elements called slab noses 9 which extend vertically, including a central slab nose parallel to the facade and two lateral slab noses perpendicular to the facade. The covering elements may also include a lower covering element called underside which extends horizontally under the balcony.

Un nez de dalle est un profilé de finition qui vient se poser en bout de dalle pour permettre un rendu final esthétique. Un nez de dalle est un profilé qui permet à la fois de protéger la dalle d'un balcon tout en apportant un côté décoratif et une finition parfaite à ce balcon.A slab nose is a finishing profile which is placed at the end of the slab to provide an aesthetic final result. A slab nose is a profile which allows both to protect the slab of a balcony while providing a decorative side and a perfect finish to this balcony.

La huitième étape du procédé est une étape de pose d'un garde-corps 10 (figure 9). Le garde-corps, également appelé balustrade ou rambarde, est une barrière de protection. Le garde-corps ne doit pas générer de corrosion. Il est avantageusement en matériau composite.The eighth step of the process is a step of installing a guardrail 10 ( Figure 9 ). The guardrail, also called a balustrade or guardrail, is a protective barrier. The guardrail must not generate corrosion. It is advantageously made of composite material.

Le procédé de montage du balcon 1 s'achève par la pose d'un revêtement de surface 11 sur le plancher (figure 10). Le revêtement de surface peut être un carrelage ou un béton ciré.The assembly process of the balcony 1 ends with the installation of a surface covering 11 on the floor ( Figure 10 ). The surface covering can be tiles or polished concrete.

L'invention propose ainsi un balcon en kit de type balcon en porte à faux, rapporté sur une structure existante de bâtiment neuf ou ancien. La structure en kit est constituée de pièces légères et manipulables par des cordistes travaillant en façade. Le gain de masse apporté à la structure permet d'augmenter la portée maximale admissible pour le balcon. Enfin, l'utilisation de matériaux composites permet de limiter les risques de corrosion des métaux traditionnellement utilisés pour les structures rapportées.The invention thus proposes a balcony kit of the cantilever balcony type, attached to an existing structure of a new or old building. The kit structure is made up of lightweight parts that can be handled by rope access technicians working on the facade. The gain in mass brought to the structure makes it possible to increase the maximum admissible span for the balcony. Finally, the use of composite materials makes it possible to limit the risks of corrosion of the metals traditionally used for attached structures.

Claims (11)

Kit de montage d'un balcon rapporté en porte à faux, caractérisé en ce qu'il comprend : - des éléments d'ancrage (4), - des platines (5) destinées à la fixation d'éléments porteurs, - des éléments porteurs (6) en matériau composite à matrice thermodurcissable de type époxy renforcée par des fibres de verre et/ou de carbone, le matériau composite présentant un taux de porosité dans le matériau inférieur ou égal à 2% et un taux de fibre structurelle en volume entre 60 et 70%, - des platines (7) destinées à la fixation d'un garde-corps (10), - un plancher porteur (8), et - des éléments de recouvrement (9) du plancher porteur (8). Kit for mounting a cantilevered balcony, characterized in that it includes: - anchoring elements (4), - plates (5) intended for fixing supporting elements, - supporting elements (6) made of composite material with a thermosetting matrix of the epoxy type reinforced by glass and/or carbon fibers, the composite material having a porosity rate in the material less than or equal to 2% and a fiber rate structural in volume between 60 and 70%, - plates (7) intended for fixing a guardrail (10), - a supporting floor (8), and - covering elements (9) of the supporting floor (8). Kit selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que les éléments d'ancrage (4) sont des tiges filetées.Kit according to claim 1, characterized in that the anchoring elements (4) are threaded rods. Kit selon la revendication 1 ou 2, caractérisé en ce que le plancher porteur (8) est réalisé en matériau composite et/ou les éléments de recouvrement (9) du plancher porteur (8) sont réalisés en matériau composite.Kit according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the supporting floor (8) is made of composite material and/or the covering elements (9) of the supporting floor (8) are made of composite material. Kit selon l'une des revendications 1 à 3, caractérisé en ce qu'il comprend en outre un garde-corps (10) et un revêtement de surface (11) destiné à recouvrir le plancher porteur (8).Kit according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that it further comprises a guardrail (10) and a surface covering (11) intended to cover the supporting floor (8). Kit selon l'une des revendications 1 à 4, caractérisé en ce que les éléments d'ancrage (4), les platines (5) destinées à la fixation d'éléments porteurs et les platines (7) destinées à la fixation d'un garde-corps sont en acier inoxydable ou en matériau composite à base de fibre structurelle.Kit according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the anchoring elements (4), the plates (5) intended for fixing supporting elements and the plates (7) intended for fixing a guardrails are made of stainless steel or structural fiber composite material. Kit selon l'une des revendications 1 à 5, caractérisé en ce que le matériau composite des éléments porteurs (6) est obtenu par pultrusion.Kit according to one of Claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the composite material of the supporting elements (6) is obtained by pultrusion. Kit selon la revendication 3, caractérisé en ce que le matériau composite du plancher porteur (8) est choisi parmi les matériaux composites à base de matrice thermoplastique ou thermodurcissable renforcée de fibres de carbone, verre, silice, bore, basalte, aramide ou de fibres en PAEK (polyaryléthercétone), PEEK (polyétheréthercétone), PPS (Polyphénylène Sulphide), PEI (polyétherimide), PA (polyamide), PP (polypropylène) ou PE (polyéthylène).Kit according to claim 3, characterized in that the composite material of the supporting floor (8) is chosen from composite materials based on a thermoplastic or thermosetting matrix reinforced with carbon fibers, glass, silica, boron, basalt, aramid or fibers in PAEK (polyaryletherketone), PEEK (polyetheretherketone), PPS (Polyphenylene Sulphide), PEI (polyetherimide), PA (polyamide), PP (polypropylene) or PE (polyethylene). Kit selon l'une des revendications 1 à 7, caractérisé en ce que le matériau des éléments de recouvrement (9) du plancher porteur (8) est choisi parmi les aciers inoxydables, les matériaux composites, les thermoplastiques.Kit according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the material of the covering elements (9) of the supporting floor (8) is chosen from stainless steels, composite materials, thermoplastics. Kit selon l'une des revendications 1 à 8, caractérisé en ce que le plancher porteur (8) est réalisé en matériau composite à matrice thermodurcissable renforcée par des fibres de verre, et en ce que le matériau des éléments de recouvrement (9) du plancher porteur (8) est choisi parmi les aciers inoxydables, les matériaux composites, les thermoplastiques.Kit according to one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the supporting floor (8) is made of composite material with a thermosetting matrix reinforced by glass fibers, and in that the material of the covering elements (9) of the supporting floor (8) is chosen from stainless steels, composite materials, thermoplastics. Balcon rapporté en porte à faux (1), caractérisé en ce qu'il est obtenu par montage d'un kit selon l'une des revendications 1 à 9.Cantilever balcony (1), characterized in that it is obtained by mounting a kit according to one of claims 1 to 9. Procédé de montage d'un balcon rapporté en porte à faux (1) sur une façade (2), caractérisé en ce qu'il met en oeuvre un kit selon l'une des revendications 1 à 9.Method of mounting a cantilevered balcony (1) on a facade (2), characterized in that it uses a kit according to one of claims 1 to 9.
EP23180958.3A 2022-07-06 2023-06-22 Kit for mounting a cantilevered balcony Pending EP4303375A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR2206895A FR3137694A1 (en) 2022-07-06 2022-07-06 ASSEMBLY KIT FOR A CANTILEVERED BALCONY

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EP4303375A1 true EP4303375A1 (en) 2024-01-10

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EP (1) EP4303375A1 (en)
FR (1) FR3137694A1 (en)

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP2295675A1 (en) * 2009-08-03 2011-03-16 Soletanche Freyssinet Reinforcement method for a construction structure and structure reinforced in this way
US8776448B2 (en) 2012-08-22 2014-07-15 Cci Balconies Inc. Composite cantilevered balcony
EP3061881A1 (en) * 2015-02-24 2016-08-31 Spurgin Leonhart Prefabricated balcony with ribs
DE202019107206U1 (en) * 2019-12-20 2020-01-20 Izzet Ökmen Kit for retrofitting a balcony or a winter garden to a house wall
GB2592349A (en) * 2020-01-30 2021-09-01 Flexi Group Uk Ltd Cantilever platform
DE102020206226A1 (en) * 2020-05-18 2021-11-18 Technische Universität Hamburg Support element and method for producing a cantilever balcony system and use of a support element for producing a cantilever balcony system

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP2295675A1 (en) * 2009-08-03 2011-03-16 Soletanche Freyssinet Reinforcement method for a construction structure and structure reinforced in this way
US8776448B2 (en) 2012-08-22 2014-07-15 Cci Balconies Inc. Composite cantilevered balcony
EP3061881A1 (en) * 2015-02-24 2016-08-31 Spurgin Leonhart Prefabricated balcony with ribs
DE202019107206U1 (en) * 2019-12-20 2020-01-20 Izzet Ökmen Kit for retrofitting a balcony or a winter garden to a house wall
GB2592349A (en) * 2020-01-30 2021-09-01 Flexi Group Uk Ltd Cantilever platform
DE102020206226A1 (en) * 2020-05-18 2021-11-18 Technische Universität Hamburg Support element and method for producing a cantilever balcony system and use of a support element for producing a cantilever balcony system

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