EP4302341A1 - Procédé et dispositif de fabrication de composants de batterie sur un substrat flexible - Google Patents

Procédé et dispositif de fabrication de composants de batterie sur un substrat flexible

Info

Publication number
EP4302341A1
EP4302341A1 EP22707061.2A EP22707061A EP4302341A1 EP 4302341 A1 EP4302341 A1 EP 4302341A1 EP 22707061 A EP22707061 A EP 22707061A EP 4302341 A1 EP4302341 A1 EP 4302341A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
carrier
nir
coating
air
range
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
EP22707061.2A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Kai BÄR
Andreas Geitner
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Value and Intellectual Properties Management GmbH
Original Assignee
Value and Intellectual Properties Management GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Value and Intellectual Properties Management GmbH filed Critical Value and Intellectual Properties Management GmbH
Publication of EP4302341A1 publication Critical patent/EP4302341A1/fr
Pending legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M4/00—Electrodes
    • H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
    • H01M4/04—Processes of manufacture in general
    • H01M4/0471—Processes of manufacture in general involving thermal treatment, e.g. firing, sintering, backing particulate active material, thermal decomposition, pyrolysis
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M4/00—Electrodes
    • H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
    • H01M4/04—Processes of manufacture in general
    • H01M4/0402—Methods of deposition of the material
    • H01M4/0404—Methods of deposition of the material by coating on electrode collectors
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
    • Y02E60/50—Fuel cells

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for producing components of electric batteries on a flexible, flat carrier by applying a liquid or pasty starting material for a structured or unstructured electrical or electronic functional layer and subsequent drying, sintering and/or crosslinking of the starting material on the carrier, and an arrangement to carry out this procedure.
  • drying systems also play a significant role in the costs of the end products - which are expected to decrease with increasing mass use.
  • Known drying systems of the tunnel kiln type only meet these requirements to a very limited extent and are space-consuming and expensive to produce and operate.
  • the invention is based on the object of providing a further improved method of the generic type and a corresponding arrangement which meet the above requirements.
  • the invention includes the idea of providing the energy required for sintering and/or crosslinking of the starting material on the very thin carrier in such a way that it develops its effect essentially in the interior of the coating.
  • radiation in the near infrared range is used for this purpose. Their amplitude maximum is in the wavelength range between 800 nm and 1,500 nm. This radiation is implemented particularly effectively in largely water-based (but also in many solvent-based) solutions, emulsions and pastes.
  • the invention also includes the idea of allowing this radiation to act with such a high energy density that the desired sintering and/or crosslinking in the coating can take place in such a short time that the amount of energy transferred to the substrate and thus its overall thermal load remains limited .
  • energy densities in the range between 50 kW/m 2 and 1,000 kW/m 2 , in particular 120 kW/m 2 at 1,000 kW/m 2 appear to be suitable on the coating surface from today's perspective.
  • the irradiation with near infrared radiation is combined with the impingement of an air flow on the coated surface of the support.
  • evaporated liquid components of the coating can be removed easily and in a targeted manner (e.g. into suitable filters).
  • excessive heating of the carrier material can also be prevented when high power densities have to act for a relatively long time. This may be necessary in order to adequately heat through a relatively thick coating or a coating that is demanding in terms of material.
  • a pasty starting material is applied to the carrier essentially over the entire surface, in particular by means of a roller or doctor blade application process, and, if necessary, subsequently (e.g. by etching processes or by means of a laser) structured.
  • the power density and duration of action of the near infrared radiation is also adjusted here in such a way that a temperature above a material-specific sintering or crosslinking temperature is briefly reached in the selective coating. This configuration should also gain importance in the area of the production of fuel cell electrodes.
  • the carrier is a polymer film with a thickness in the range between 5 ⁇ m and 200 ⁇ m or a metal foil with a thickness in the range between 5 ⁇ m and 15 ⁇ m and the coating is a viscous water-based paste or
  • An organic solvent base is used which has an initial thickness in the range between about 10 and 1000 ⁇ m and a solids content in the range between 40% and 80%. It is provided here that near infrared radiation with a power density in the range between 50-200, in particular 70-150 kW/m 2 , is used for drying, sintering and/or crosslinking.
  • the proposed procedure has the physical background that the effect of the highly drying-efficient NIR radiation on the water- or solvent-based coating leads (and should lead) to a very rapid generation of steam, and that a largely turbulent air flow generated by combined blowing in and suction above the coating to ensure that the vapor is transported away just as quickly.
  • the temperature in the coating is high enough to ensure spontaneous evaporation of the liquid component.
  • This setting of an optimal temperature is primarily carried out by setting the power density of the NIR radiation, but can also be influenced by parameters of the air flow acting on the surface and can therefore be fine-tuned by controlling them.
  • the duration of exposure to the near infrared radiation can be limited to the range between 1 s and 20 s, in particular between 3 s and 10 s, for many of the current applications. It goes without saying that the specific treatment time depends on the thickness and nature of the coating and on the specific power density chosen.
  • the exposure to near infrared radiation is carried out within an NIR irradiation zone with a predetermined profile of non-constant power density.
  • the radiation density profile in response to material properties or non-uniform thickness of the carrier and / or the starting material z. B. in the edge areas of the wearer be adjustable.
  • a temperature maintenance zone can also be implemented independently of the use of near-infrared radiation in a downstream system component, in particular a hot-air dryer.
  • the exposure to near-infrared radiation is carried out from both surfaces of the support. This procedure appears to be particularly suitable when using relatively temperature-stable carriers (such as metal foils). If it is also to be used for products with a temperature-sensitive carrier, the setting of different power densities on the surface of the coating on the one hand and the surface (back side) of the carrier on the other appears to be sensible.
  • an arrangement according to the invention comprises at least conveying means for conveying the flexible planar carrier through the arrangement, coating means for coating the planar carrier with the starting material, in particular while the carrier is being conveyed, and means for drying, sintering and/or crosslinking the layer of starting material on the carrier , especially while conveying the carrier.
  • the drying device comprises at least one radiation source for radiation in the near infrared range, the maximum amplitude of which is in the wavelength range between 800 nm and 1,500 nm and which is designed, configured or adjustable in such a way that its power density on the surface of the carrier is in the range between 50 kW/m 2 and 1,000 kW/m 2 .
  • the NIR irradiation zone is assigned means for supplying and removing a controlled air flow, ie in particular one or more blowers with associated throttle and/or air guiding devices.
  • these can be configured in such a way that the air flow, after it has swept over the surface of the coating, reaches a filter device for filtering out harmful solvent components of the coating and/or a heat exchanger for energy recovery.
  • a corresponding Filter or heat exchanger device is then also part of the proposed arrangement.
  • the means for supplying an air flow have control means for controlling the air flow depending on the radiation power density set in the NIR irradiation zone and/or temperature on the surface and/or material parameters of the coating.
  • the means for drying, sintering and/or crosslinking include a plurality of NIR radiation sources which are arranged and/or controllable in an NIR irradiation zone such that a predetermined profile of non-constant power density can be generated within the irradiation zone.
  • This can in particular be designed such that the NIR emitters have different distances and different reflector geometries over the length of the irradiation zone and/or are placed at different distances above the surface of the coated carrier or they are radiation sources with different power.
  • the above-mentioned profile of non-constant power density over the length and/or width of the irradiation zone can also be controllable, for example by providing means for power control of some or all NIR radiation sources or mechanical adjustment means for variably adjusting the height of the radiation sources above the carrier.
  • the irradiation zone in particular can be flexibly configured into a preheating area and a main drying area and/or a main drying area and a temperature maintenance area.
  • a separate treatment section can also be provided in the drying arrangement, which is constructed in particular as a hot-air dryer or as a tunnel oven section.
  • FIG. 2 shows a schematic representation of an embodiment of the NIR dryer 1A according to FIG. 1,
  • Figures 4A and 4B are perspective views of the module shown in Figure 3A from two different angles and
  • FIG. 5 shows a perspective view of the drying section of a drying system according to the invention, which is formed from a plurality of modules.
  • the carrier can be a quasi-endless Al or Cu foil that is coated in a coater (not shown here) using a doctor blade system or a sheet die with a viscous paste 2a based on water or based on an organic solvent with a typical solids content between 50% and 70% was coated.
  • the thickness of the carrier foil can be in the range between 5 and 15 ⁇ m and the wet layer thickness of the viscous paste in the range between 10 and 1000 ⁇ m.
  • the coating is applied to one side of the upper side of the carrier, but battery components coated on both sides can also be produced in successive coating and drying phases.
  • polymer foils eg PET foils
  • a significantly greater thickness eg between 100 and 150 ⁇ m
  • the drying system 1 comprises an NIR dryer 1A with arranged on both sides of the carrier 2 (not here shown) NIR radiators and integrated warm air ventilation, which is symbolized by the arrows Vi and Vo.
  • the NIR dryer 1A has a variably adjustable temperature profile, which is realized by the corresponding power controller of the NIR dryer, and the flow of warm air is also adjustable.
  • a hot-air dryer 1B Downstream of the NIR dryer 1A in the conveying direction of the carrier 2, a hot-air dryer 1B is directly connected to it, which also has a hot-air ventilation Vi/Vo with a variably adjustable air volume.
  • FIG. 2 shows the essential components of an NIR dryer 1A according to FIG. 1 in the form of a functional block diagram.
  • the figure is to be understood as a basic sketch and is not intended to show the actual mechanical structure of the NIR dryer.
  • the functional components above the carrier 2 are shown.
  • Corresponding components can also be provided below the carrier; however, embodiments of the arrangement according to the invention are also useful in which corresponding means are provided exclusively on one (the coated) side of the carrier.
  • the NIR dryer 1A comprises a plurality of NIR emitters 11, each with an associated reflector 12, which are each connected individually to a control output of a power control unit 13.
  • the radiation power of each individual NIR emitter 11 can thus be set separately via the power control unit 13 and a predetermined power density profile of the NIR radiation on the carrier 2 over the length of the NIR dryer 1 can thus be implemented.
  • a process air inlet 14 an amount of process air that can be controlled via an air volume control unit 20 is blown onto the coated carrier at the outlet of the NIR dryer 1A, and via an exhaust air outlet 16, the heated exhaust air, which has absorbed the solvent components of the coating 2a, is conveyed to a heat exchanger and Filter unit 17 actively aspirated.
  • a heat exchanger and Filter unit 17 In the In the heat exchanger and filter unit 17, excess heat is removed from the exhaust air of the NIR dryer and made available for external use, and the solvent components are filtered out in an environmentally friendly manner and, if necessary, recycled.
  • a supply air temperature setting unit 18 and a supply air speed setting unit 19 are located upstream of the air volume control unit 15 in an air flow generated by a supply air fan 15, with which temperature and speed of the air flow acting on the coated carrier can be preset.
  • these variables can also be controlled dynamically as a function of parameter values recorded on the carrier or in the NIR irradiation zone.
  • the air volume control unit 20 is connected on the input side to a data output of the power control unit 13 of the NIR emitters 11 and to a T-sensor 21 arranged above the surface of the carrier 2 within the NIR irradiation zone.
  • the amount of air is controlled or regulated depending on the set power of the NIR emitters (and thus the radiation density generated by them on the carrier surface) and the temperature recorded on the carrier surface in such a way that an optimal mass flow for removing the evaporated volatile coating - Components from the surface of the coating is guaranteed.
  • Fig. 3A shows a schematic longitudinal sectional view of the internal structure of an NIR dryer module for use in the manufacture of battery anodes
  • Fig. 3B shows a corresponding longitudinal sectional view of an NIR dryer module for use in the manufacture of battery cathodes
  • Fig. 3C shows a schematic Sectional representation of the NIR radiator part of the module from FIG. 3A.
  • the structural designs shown are adapted to special carrier/coating constellations and can be modified for other drying tasks within the scope of the present invention with regard to the number and arrangement of the NIR emitters, the division of the module interior and other aspects. Parts that are the same or have the same function as in FIGS. 1 and 2 are denoted by the same reference numbers as there and may not be explained further here.
  • a plurality of elongated rod-shaped flaloge emitters 11 are arranged below a common reflector 12 in such a way that they focus NIR radiation on a coated carrier 2 passing under the NIR dryer module 1A radiate high power density.
  • the NIR emitters 11 with the reflector 12 are located on the lower end of a module inner housing 22 facing the coated carrier 2, which (not individually designated in the figures) has an air inlet, air guiding devices and an air outlet for the inlet of an inner cooling air flow ZI, to its having suitable guidance around the NIR radiators and for discharging the cooling air AI heated by the radiators.
  • the lower end of the inner module 22 is closed by a glass or quartz glass pane 22a so that the cooling air circulating inside the inner module does not reach the surface of the carrier 2 passing through and no coating components evaporating from it can get into the interior of the inner module.
  • the closure of the very hot halogen emitters 11 from the solvent-containing atmosphere above the coated carrier 2, in conjunction with the internal cooling of both the halogen emitters 11 and the glass pane 22a, ensures that the NIR dryer in the application in question meets all explosion protection requirements enough.
  • a process air supply duct 23 is arranged on the front surface of the inner housing 22—seen in the conveying direction—through which a controlled or regulated amount of process supply air ZP is blown onto the coated surface of the carrier 2 at a predetermined temperature and speed.
  • An exhaust air duct 24 is arranged on the rear surface of the inner housing 22, via which the process air is actively sucked off the carrier surface after laminar sweeping over the carrier and absorption of the coating components evaporated from it and discharged through the outlet 16 as process exhaust air AP.
  • the NIR dryer modules for use in the production of battery anodes (FIG. 3A) or the production of battery cathodes (FIG. 3B) have the described basic structure in common.
  • the modules only differ in the number of NIR emitters they contain and the layout of the internal structure.
  • 3C shows schematically that in the embodiment according to FIG short standard radiators can be irradiated homogeneously.
  • a differentiated adjustment of the radiation density in the NIR radiation field across the width of the carrier can be achieved with this arrangement with separate control of at least the two outer radiators, but possibly also each individual radiator. In this way, inhomogeneities in the carrier and/or the coating in the edge areas or also in a central area in the drying process can be taken into account.
  • FIG. 4A and 4B show two perspective views of a drying system segment IC of a drying system 1, which is formed from four NIR dryer modules 1A of the type shown in FIG. 3A.
  • the four NIR dryer modules 1A each have a common cooling air distribution box 25 and exhaust air collection box 26 for the cooling air of the NIR emitters (internal air) and also a common supply air distribution box 27 and exhaust air collection box 28 for the blown or exhaust air onto the coated carrier .process air extracted from this.
  • FIG. 5 shows an embodiment of the drying system 1 with 6 dryer segments IC of the type shown in FIGS. 4A and 4B arranged in a row in the conveying direction of the coated carrier 2.
  • rod-shaped flame emitters that have been tried and tested for a long time in particular can be used as NIR emitters.
  • an NIR irradiation zone can also be implemented using emitters of a different shape or using an LED array with correspondingly powerful IR LEDs. Both versions are familiar to the person skilled in the art and therefore require no further explanation here.
  • Both individual reflectors which are structurally combined with a radiator, and also integrated reflector arrangements, which are assigned to a plurality of radiators, can be used as reflectors. Also in such coherent reflector assemblies are different Reflector geometries for the respective radiators (as shown in sketch form in FIG. 3) can be implemented.
  • the carriers are, for example, paper or plastic films which, depending on the specific material, do not exceed limit temperatures in between about 80 °C and 140 °C, and the coatings can be conductive inks, pastes or even powders, depending on the function of the component concerned or solvents, sintering of the paste, melting and possibly sintering of a powder and possibly also on the Flerbei Entry thermochemical reactions and phase transformations in the coating.
  • the use of an NIR irradiation zone also offers a significant acceleration in these processes and thus the possibility of a serious increase in the throughput and/or reduction of the overall length of a corresponding dryer.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Battery Electrode And Active Subsutance (AREA)
  • Application Of Or Painting With Fluid Materials (AREA)
  • Cell Electrode Carriers And Collectors (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un procédé de fabrication de composants ou de circuits électriques ou électroniques sur un substrat flexible, plat ou tridimensionnel par application d'un matériau de départ liquide ou pâteux pour une couche fonctionnelle électrique ou électronique structurée ou non structurée, puis séchage, frittage et/ou réticulation du matériau de départ sur le substrat, l'étape de séchage, de frittage et/ou de réticulation comprenant une brève application en surface sur le substrat revêtu d'un rayonnement dans la plage du proche infrarouge, avec un maximum d'amplitude dans une plage de longueurs d'onde comprise entre 800 et 1500 nm et avec une densité de puissance sur la surface du substrat dans une plage comprise entre 50 kW/m2 et 1000 kW/m2.
EP22707061.2A 2021-03-05 2022-02-15 Procédé et dispositif de fabrication de composants de batterie sur un substrat flexible Pending EP4302341A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102021105399.4A DE102021105399A1 (de) 2021-03-05 2021-03-05 Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Herstellung von Batteriekomponenten auf einem flexiblen Träger
PCT/EP2022/053662 WO2022184416A1 (fr) 2021-03-05 2022-02-15 Procédé et dispositif de fabrication de composants de batterie sur un substrat flexible

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP4302341A1 true EP4302341A1 (fr) 2024-01-10

Family

ID=80623558

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP22707061.2A Pending EP4302341A1 (fr) 2021-03-05 2022-02-15 Procédé et dispositif de fabrication de composants de batterie sur un substrat flexible

Country Status (5)

Country Link
US (1) US20240145666A1 (fr)
EP (1) EP4302341A1 (fr)
CA (1) CA3210859A1 (fr)
DE (1) DE102021105399A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2022184416A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102022120125A1 (de) 2022-08-10 2024-02-15 Bayerische Motoren Werke Aktiengesellschaft Verfahren zum Übertragen von Prozessparametern eines Ein- oder Zweikammertrockners zum Trocknen einer auf einem Substrat aufgebrachten Beschichtung auf einen Kammertrockner mit mindestens drei Trocknungskammern

Family Cites Families (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE10153445A1 (de) * 2001-10-30 2003-05-22 Covion Organic Semiconductors Trocknungsverfahren
US8410712B2 (en) * 2008-07-09 2013-04-02 Ncc Nano, Llc Method and apparatus for curing thin films on low-temperature substrates at high speeds
DE102019114806A1 (de) 2019-06-03 2020-12-03 Value & Intellectual Properties Management Gmbh Verfahren zur Herstellung elektrischer oder elektronischer Bauteile oder Schaltungen auf einem flexiblen flächigen Träger

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
US20240145666A1 (en) 2024-05-02
DE102021105399A1 (de) 2022-09-08
CA3210859A1 (fr) 2022-09-09
WO2022184416A1 (fr) 2022-09-09

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